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Luo X, Wu W, Feng L, Treves H, Ren M. Short Peptides Make a Big Difference: The Role of Botany-Derived AMPs in Disease Control and Protection of Human Health. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11363. [PMID: 34768793 PMCID: PMC8583512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Botany-derived antimicrobial peptides (BAMPs), a class of small, cysteine-rich peptides produced in plants, are an important component of the plant immune system. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments have demonstrated their powerful antimicrobial activity. Besides in plants, BAMPs have cross-kingdom applications in human health, with toxic and/or inhibitory effects against a variety of tumor cells and viruses. With their diverse molecular structures, broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, multiple mechanisms of action, and low cytotoxicity, BAMPs provide ideal backbones for drug design, and are potential candidates for plant protection and disease treatment. Lots of original research has elucidated the properties and antimicrobial mechanisms of BAMPs, and characterized their surface receptors and in vivo targets in pathogens. In this paper, we review and introduce five kinds of representative BAMPs belonging to the pathogenesis-related protein family, dissect their antifungal, antiviral, and anticancer mechanisms, and forecast their prospects in agriculture and global human health. Through the deeper understanding of BAMPs, we provide novel insights for their applications in broad-spectrum and durable plant disease prevention and control, and an outlook on the use of BAMPs in anticancer and antiviral drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Luo
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610000, China; (X.L.); (W.W.); (L.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Science of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Wenxian Wu
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610000, China; (X.L.); (W.W.); (L.F.)
| | - Li Feng
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610000, China; (X.L.); (W.W.); (L.F.)
| | - Haim Treves
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Maozhi Ren
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610000, China; (X.L.); (W.W.); (L.F.)
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Science of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
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Shanmugaraj B, Bulaon CJI, Malla A, Phoolcharoen W. Biotechnological Insights on the Expression and Production of Antimicrobial Peptides in Plants. Molecules 2021; 26:4032. [PMID: 34279372 PMCID: PMC8272150 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of drug-resistant pathogens poses a serious critical threat to global public health and requires immediate action. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of short peptides ubiquitously found in all living forms, including plants, insects, mammals, microorganisms and play a significant role in host innate immune system. These peptides are considered as promising candidates to treat microbial infections due to its distinct advantages over conventional antibiotics. Given their potent broad spectrum of antimicrobial action, several AMPs are currently being evaluated in preclinical/clinical trials. However, large quantities of highly purified AMPs are vital for basic research and clinical settings which is still a major bottleneck hindering its application. This can be overcome by genetic engineering approaches to produce sufficient amount of diverse peptides in heterologous host systems. Recently plants are considered as potential alternatives to conventional protein production systems such as microbial and mammalian platforms due to their unique advantages such as rapidity, scalability and safety. In addition, AMPs can also be utilized for development of novel approaches for plant protection thereby increasing the crop yield. Hence, in order to provide a spotlight for the expression of AMP in plants for both clinical or agricultural use, the present review presents the importance of AMPs and efforts aimed at producing recombinant AMPs in plants for molecular farming and plant protection so far.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christine Joy I Bulaon
- Research Unit for Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Waranyoo Phoolcharoen
- Research Unit for Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Bundó M, Shi X, Vernet M, Marcos JF, López-García B, Coca M. Rice Seeds as Biofactories of Rationally Designed and Cell-Penetrating Antifungal PAF Peptides. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:731. [PMID: 31231409 PMCID: PMC6566136 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PAFs are short cationic and tryptophan-rich synthetic peptides with cell-penetrating antifungal activity. They show potent and selective killing activity against major fungal pathogens and low toxicity to other eukaryotic and bacterial cells. These properties make them a promising alternative to fulfill the need of novel antifungals with potential applications in crop protection, food preservation, and medical therapies. However, the difficulties of cost-effective manufacturing of PAFs by chemical synthesis or biotechnological production in microorganisms have hampered their development for practical use. This work explores the feasibility of using rice seeds as an economical and safe production system of PAFs. The rationally designed PAF102 peptide with improved antifungal properties was selected for assessing PAF biotechnological production. Two different strategies are evaluated: (1) the production as a single peptide targeted to protein bodies and (2) the production as an oleosin fusion protein targeted to oil bodies. Both strategies are designed to offer stability to the PAF peptide in the host plant and to facilitate its downstream purification. Our results demonstrate that PAF does not accumulate to detectable levels in rice seeds when produced as a single peptide, whereas it is successfully produced as fusion protein to the Oleosin18, up to 20 μg of peptide per gram of grain. We show that the expression of the chimeric Ole18-PAF102 gene driven by the Ole18 promoter results in the specific accumulation of the fusion protein in the embryo and aleurone layer of the rice seed. Ole18-PAF102 accumulation has no deleterious effects on seed yield, germination capacity, or seedling growth. We also show that the Oleosin18 protein serves as carrier to target the fusion protein to oil bodies facilitating PAF102 recovery. Importantly, the recovered PAF102 is active against the fungal phytopathogen Fusarium proliferatum. Altogether, our results prove that the oleosin fusion technology allows the production of PAF bioactive peptides to assist the exploitation of these antifungal compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Bundó
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG, CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xiaoqing Shi
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG, CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Vernet
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG, CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose F. Marcos
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA, CSIC), Paterna, Spain
| | - Belén López-García
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG, CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Coca
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG, CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Barcelona, Spain
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马 洁, 吴 乐, 丁 向, 李 志, 王 盛. [Transient expression of bioactive recombinant human plasminogen activator in tobacco leaf]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:515-522. [PMID: 31140413 PMCID: PMC6743930 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.05.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the potential of transient expression of recombinant human plasminogen activator (rhPA) in plants as a cost-effective approach for recombinant rhPA production. METHODS Tobacco mosaic virus-based expression vector pTMV rhPA-NSK and plant binary expression vector pJ Zera-rhPA were constructed by in vitro sequence synthesis and subcloning. The two vectors were inoculated on either Nicotiana benthamiana or N. excelsiana leaves via agroinfiltration. The expression of recombinant rhPA in Nicotiana leaves was examined using Western blotting and ELISA, and the in vitro fibrinolysis activity of plant-produced rhPA was assessed by fibrin agarose plate assay (FAPA). RESULTS Five to nine days after infiltration with an Agrobacterium inoculum containing pTMV rhPA-NSK, necrosis appeared in the infiltrated area on the leaves of both Nicotiana plants, but intact recombinant rhPA was still present in the necrotic leaf tissues. The accumulation level of recombinant rhPA in infiltrated N. benthamiana leaves was significantly higher than that in N. excelsiana leaves (P < 0.05). The yield of recombinant rhPA was up to 0.6% of the total soluble protein (or about 60.0 μg per gram) in the fresh leaf biomass at 7 days post-inoculation. The plant-derived rhPA was bioactive to convert inactive plasminogen to active plasmin. No necrosis occurred in pJ Zera-rhPA-infiltrated leaves. The Zera-rhPA protein was partially cleaved between the site of Zera tag and rhPA sequence in both Nicotiana leaves. We speculated that the formation of Zera tags-induced particles in the plant cells was a dynamic process of progressive aggregation in which some of the soluble polypeptides were encapsulated in these particles. CONCLUSIONS Enzymatically active recombinant rhPA can be rapidly expressed in tobacco plants using the plant viral ampliconbased system, which offers a promising alternative for cost-effective production of recombinant rhPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- 洁雪 马
- 西部特色生物资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - 乐乐 吴
- 西部特色生物资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - 向真 丁
- 西部特色生物资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, China
- 宁夏优势特色作物现代分子育种重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - 志英 李
- 西部特色生物资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, China
- 宁夏优势特色作物现代分子育种重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - 盛 王
- 西部特色生物资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, China
- 宁夏优势特色作物现代分子育种重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
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Jin L, Wang Y, Xu N, Wang D, Liu X, Peng R, Jiang C, Li X. Expression and activity analysis of β Gallinacin-3 in Arabidopsis. Protein Expr Purif 2018; 144:1-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Weerawanich K, Webster G, Ma JKC, Phoolcharoen W, Sirikantaramas S. Gene expression analysis, subcellular localization, and in planta antimicrobial activity of rice (Oryza sativa L.) defensin 7 and 8. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 124:160-166. [PMID: 29414311 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Defensins are a group of plant antimicrobial peptides. In a previous study, it was reported that two recombinant rice (Oryza sativa L.) defensin (OsDEF) genes (OsDEF7 and OsDEF8) produced heterologously by bacteria inhibited the growth of several phytopathogen. Here, we analyzed gene expression patterns in Thai jasmine rice (O. sativa L. ssp. indica 'KDML 105') using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and compared them with those in Japanese rice (O. sativa L. ssp. japonica 'Nipponbare'). Although the cultivars exhibited similar gene expression patterns at the developmental stages examined, the expression levels differed between organs. Upon Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae infection in the leaves, both OsDEFs were highly upregulated at 8 days post-infection, suggesting that they play a role in pathogen defense. Moreover, in silico analyses revealed that OsDEF expression levels were affected by drought, cold, imbibition, anoxia, and dehydration stress. Using green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusions, we found that both OsDEFs were in the extracellular compartment, confirming their functions against pathogen infection. However, when recombinant OsDEFs (without GFP) were produced in tobacco BY-2 cells or Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, they could not be detected in either the culture medium or the cells. Yet, N. benthamiana leaves infiltrated with OsDEF7 or OsDEF8 constructs exhibited in planta inhibitory activity against the phytopathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. glycines, suggesting that recombinant OsDEFs were present. Additionally, when targeting them to the ER compartment, recombinant OsDEFs could be detected. Lower inhibitory activity was observed when recombinant OsDEFs were targeted to the ER. These results suggest that OsDEFs play a role in controlling plant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonwan Weerawanich
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Gina Webster
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Julian K-C Ma
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's University of London, London, UK
| | - Waranyoo Phoolcharoen
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supaart Sirikantaramas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Natural Product Biotechnology Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Singh A, Kaur G, Singh S, Singh N, Saxena G, Verma PC. Recombinant Plant Engineering for Immunotherapeutic Production. CURRENT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS 2017; 3:306-316. [PMID: 32226727 PMCID: PMC7099902 DOI: 10.1007/s40610-017-0078-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The requirement for large quantities of therapeutic proteins has fueled a great interest in the production of recombinant proteins in plant bioreactors. The vaccines and bio-therapeutic protein production in plants hold the promise of significantly lowering the cost of manufacturing life-saving drugs. This review will reflect the current status and challenges that the molecular farming platform faces becoming a strategic solution for the development of low-cost bio-therapeutics for developing countries. RECENT FINDINGS Different plant parts have been successfully identified as suitable expression systems for the commercial production of therapeutic proteins for some human and animal diseases ranging from common cold to AIDS. The processed therapeutics from such sources are devoid of any toxic components. The large-scale cultivation of these transgenic plants would be possible anywhere in the world including developing countries, which lack sophisticated drug manufacturing units. A couple of such commercially generated products have already hit the market with success. Newer methods using suitable plant viruses and recombinant gene expression systems have already been devised for producing therapeutic proteins and peptides. SUMMARY Plants are promising bio-factories for therapeutic protein production because of their several advantages over the other expression systems especially the advanced mechanisms for protein synthesis and post-translational modification which are very much similar to animal cells. Plant biotechnologists are much attracted to the bio-farming because of its flexibility, scalability, low manufacturing cost, as well as the lack of risk of toxic or pathogenic contamination. A number of projects on bio-farming are designed and are at various developmental stages but have not yet become available to the pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, we need further advancement in the optimization of lab protocols for up-scaling the production of such therapeutics at commercial level with a promise to offer their best clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Singh
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - Gurminder Kaur
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida, 201303 India
| | - Sanchita Singh
- Genetics and Plant Molecular Biology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, U.P 226001 India
| | - Neetu Singh
- Instrumentation Research Facility, Jawahar Lal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Gauri Saxena
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Praveen C. Verma
- Genetics and Plant Molecular Biology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, U.P 226001 India
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Montesinos L, Bundó M, Badosa E, San Segundo B, Coca M, Montesinos E. Production of BP178, a derivative of the synthetic antibacterial peptide BP100, in the rice seed endosperm. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:63. [PMID: 28292258 PMCID: PMC5351061 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND BP178 peptide is a synthetic BP100-magainin derivative possessing strong inhibitory activity against plant pathogenic bacteria, offering a great potential for future applications in plant protection and other fields. Here we report the production and recovery of a bioactive BP178 peptide using rice seeds as biofactories. RESULTS A synthetic gene encoding the BP178 peptide was prepared and introduced in rice plants. The gene was efficiently expressed in transgenic rice under the control of an endosperm-specific promoter. Among the three endosperm-specific rice promoters (Glutelin B1, Glutelin B4 or Globulin 1), best results were obtained when using the Globulin 1 promoter. The BP178 peptide accumulated in the seed endosperm and was easily recovered from rice seeds using a simple procedure with a yield of 21 μg/g. The transgene was stably inherited for at least three generations, and peptide accumulation remained stable during long term storage of transgenic seeds. The purified peptide showed in vitro activity against the bacterial plant pathogen Dickeya sp., the causal agent of the dark brown sheath rot of rice. Seedlings of transgenic events showed enhanced resistance to the fungal pathogen Fusarium verticillioides, supporting that the in planta produced peptide was biologically active. CONCLUSIONS The strategy developed in this work for the sustainable production of BP178 peptide using rice seeds as biofactories represents a promising system for future production of peptides for plant protection and possibly in other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Montesinos
- Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology-CIDSAV-XaRTA, University of Girona, Girona, 17071 Spain
| | - Mireia Bundó
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB. Edifici CRAG, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
| | - Esther Badosa
- Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology-CIDSAV-XaRTA, University of Girona, Girona, 17071 Spain
| | - Blanca San Segundo
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB. Edifici CRAG, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
| | - María Coca
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB. Edifici CRAG, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
| | - Emilio Montesinos
- Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology-CIDSAV-XaRTA, University of Girona, Girona, 17071 Spain
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Zou X, Jiang X, Xu L, Lei T, Peng A, He Y, Yao L, Chen S. Transgenic citrus expressing synthesized cecropin B genes in the phloem exhibits decreased susceptibility to Huanglongbing. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 93:341-353. [PMID: 27866312 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0565-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Expression of synthesized cecropin B genes in the citrus phloem, where Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus resides, significantly decreased host susceptibility to Huanglongbing. Huanglongbing (HLB), associated with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus bacteria, is the most destructive disease of citrus worldwide. All of the commercial sweet orange cultivars lack resistance to this disease. The cationic lytic peptide cecropin B, isolated from the Chinese tasar moth (Antheraea pernyi), has been shown to effectively eliminate bacteria. In this study, we demonstrated that transgenic citrus (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) expressing the cecropin B gene specifically in the phloem had a decreased susceptibility to HLB. Three plant codon-optimized synthetic cecropin B genes, which were designed to secrete the cecropin B peptide into three specific sites, the extracellular space, the cytoplasm, and the endoplasmic reticulum, were constructed. Under the control of the selected phloem-specific promoter GRP1.8, these constructs were transferred into the citrus genome. All of the cecropin B genes were efficiently expressed in the phloem of transgenic plants. Over more than a year of evaluation, the transgenic lines exhibited reduced disease severity. Bacterial populations in transgenic lines were significantly lower than in the controls. Two lines, in which bacterial populations were significantly lower than in others, showed no visible symptoms. Thus, we demonstrated the potential application of the phloem-specific expression of an antimicrobial peptide gene to protect citrus plants from HLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuping Zou
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Center for Citrus Variety Improvement, Chongqing, 400712, People's Republic of China.
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xueyou Jiang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
- Guangan Agricultural Bureau, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanzhen Xu
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Center for Citrus Variety Improvement, Chongqing, 400712, People's Republic of China
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiangang Lei
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Center for Citrus Variety Improvement, Chongqing, 400712, People's Republic of China
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Aihong Peng
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Center for Citrus Variety Improvement, Chongqing, 400712, People's Republic of China
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongrui He
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Center for Citrus Variety Improvement, Chongqing, 400712, People's Republic of China
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixiao Yao
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Center for Citrus Variety Improvement, Chongqing, 400712, People's Republic of China
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanchun Chen
- Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Center for Citrus Variety Improvement, Chongqing, 400712, People's Republic of China.
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, People's Republic of China.
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Ruiz C, Pla M, Company N, Riudavets J, Nadal A. High CO2 concentration as an inductor agent to drive production of recombinant phytotoxic antimicrobial peptides in plant biofactories. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 90:329-343. [PMID: 26687131 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-015-0419-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cationic α-helical antimicrobial peptides such as BP100 are of increasing interest for developing novel phytosanitary or therapeutic agents and products with industrial applications. Biotechnological production of these peptides in plants can be severely impaired due to the toxicity exerted on the host by high-level expression. This can be overcome by using inducible promoters with extremely low activity throughout plant development, although the yields are limited. We examined the use of modified atmospheres using the increased levels of [CO2], commonly used in the food industry, as the inductor agent to biotechnologically produce phytotoxic compounds with higher yields. Here we show that 30% [CO2] triggered a profound transcriptional response in rice leaves, including a change in the energy provision from photosynthesis to glycolysis, and the activation of stress defense mechanisms. Five genes with central roles in up-regulated pathways were initially selected and their promoters successfully used to drive the expression of phytotoxic BP100 in genetically modified (GM) rice. GM plants had a normal phenotype on development and seed production in non-induction conditions. Treatment with 30 % [CO2] led to recombinant peptide accumulation of up to 1 % total soluble protein when the Os.hb2 promoter was used. This is within the range of biotechnological production of other peptides in plants. Using BP100 as a proof-of-concept we demonstrate that very high [CO2] can be considered an economically viable strategy to drive production of recombinant phytotoxic antimicrobial peptides in plant biofactories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ruiz
- Institute for Agricultural and Food Technology (INTEA), University of Girona, Campus Montilivi s/n, 17071, Girona, Spain
| | - Maria Pla
- Institute for Agricultural and Food Technology (INTEA), University of Girona, Campus Montilivi s/n, 17071, Girona, Spain
| | - Nuri Company
- Institute for Agricultural and Food Technology (INTEA), University of Girona, Campus Montilivi s/n, 17071, Girona, Spain
| | - Jordi Riudavets
- Institute for Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Ctra. de Cabrils Km 2, 08348, Cabrils, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Nadal
- Institute for Agricultural and Food Technology (INTEA), University of Girona, Campus Montilivi s/n, 17071, Girona, Spain.
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Shi J, Liu Y, Wang Y, Zhang J, Zhao S, Yang G. Biological and immunotoxicity evaluation of antimicrobial peptide-loaded coatings using a layer-by-layer process on titanium. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16336. [PMID: 26548760 PMCID: PMC4637835 DOI: 10.1038/srep16336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevention and control of peri-implantitis is a challenge in dental implant surgery. Dental implants with sustained antimicrobial coating are an ideal way of preventing peri-implantitis. This study reports development of a non- immunotoxicity multilayered coating on a titanium surface that had sustained antimicrobial activity and limited early biofilm formation. In this study, the broad spectrum AMP, Tet213, was linked to collagen IV through sulfo-SMPB and has been renamed as AMPCol. The multilayer AMPCol coatings were assembled on smooth titanium surfaces using a LBL technique. Using XPS, AFM, contact angle analysis, and QCM, layer-by-layer accumulation of coating thickness was measured and increased surface wetting compared to controls was confirmed. Non-cytotoxicity to HaCaT and low erythrocyte hemolysis by the AMPCol coatings was observed. In vivo immunotoxicity assays showed IP administration of AMPCol did not effect serum immunoglobulin levels. This coating with controlled release of AMP decreased the growth of both a Gram-positive aerobe (Staphylococcus aureus) and a Gram-negative anaerobe (Porphyromonas gingivalis) up to one month. Early S. aureus biofilm formation was inhibited by the coating. The excellent long-term sustained antimicrobial activity of this multilayer coating is a potential method for preventing peri-implantitis through coated on the neck of implants before surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medical, Zhejiang university, Yan'an Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medical, Zhejiang university, Yan'an Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medical, Zhejiang university, Yan'an Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Implantology, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medical, Zhejiang university, Yan'an Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Shifang Zhao
- Department of Implantology, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medical, Zhejiang university, Yan'an Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Guoli Yang
- Department of Implantology, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medical, Zhejiang university, Yan'an Road, Hangzhou 310006, China
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12
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Antimicrobial peptide production and plant-based expression systems for medical and agricultural biotechnology. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1005-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Concatemerization increases the inhibitory activity of short, cell-penetrating, cationic and tryptophan-rich antifungal peptides. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:8011-21. [PMID: 25846331 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6541-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
There are short cationic and tryptophan-rich antifungal peptides such as the hexapeptide PAF26 (RKKWFW) that have selective toxicity and cell penetration properties against fungal cells. This study demonstrates that concatemeric peptides with tandem repeats of the heptapeptide PAF54 (which is an elongated PAF26 sequence) show increased fungistatic and bacteriostatic activities while maintaining the absence of hemolytic activity of the monomer. The increase in antimicrobial activity of the double-repeated PAF sequences (diPAFs), compared to the nonrepeated PAF, was higher (4-8-fold) than that seen for the triple-repeated sequences (triPAFs) versus the diPAFs (2-fold). However, concatemerization diminished the fungicidal activity against quiescent spores of the filamentous fungus Penicillium digitatum. Peptide solubility and sensitivity to proteolytic degradation were affected by the design of the concatemers: incorporation of the AGPA sequence hinge to separate PAF54 repeats increased solubility while the C-terminal addition of the KDEL sequence decreased in vitro stability. These results led to the design of the triPAF sequence PAF102 of 30 amino acid residues, with increased antimicrobial activity and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 1-5 μM depending on the fungus. Further characterization of the mode-of-action of PAF102 demonstrated that it colocalizes first with the fungal cell wall, it is thereafter internalized in an energy dependent manner into hyphal cells of the filamentous fungus Fusarium proliferatum, and finally kills hyphal cells intracellularly. Therefore, PAF102 showed mechanistic properties against fungi similar to the parental PAF26. These observations are of high interest in the future development of PAF-based antimicrobial molecules optimized for their production in biofactories.
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14
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Kolotilin I, Topp E, Cox E, Devriendt B, Conrad U, Joensuu J, Stöger E, Warzecha H, McAllister T, Potter A, McLean MD, Hall JC, Menassa R. Plant-based solutions for veterinary immunotherapeutics and prophylactics. Vet Res 2014; 45:117. [PMID: 25559098 PMCID: PMC4280687 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-014-0117-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An alarming increase in emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogens worldwide has become a serious threat to our ability to treat infectious diseases according to the World Health Organization. Extensive use of antibiotics by livestock producers promotes the spread of new resistant strains, some of zoonotic concern, which increases food-borne illness in humans and causes significant economic burden on healthcare systems. Furthermore, consumer preferences for meat/poultry/fish produced without the use of antibiotics shape today's market demand. So, it is viewed as inevitable by the One Health Initiative that humans need to reduce the use of antibiotics and turn to alternative, improved means to control disease: vaccination and prophylactics. Besides the intense research focused on novel therapeutic molecules, both these strategies rely heavily on the availability of cost-effective, efficient and scalable production platforms which will allow large-volume manufacturing for vaccines, antibodies and other biopharmaceuticals. Within this context, plant-based platforms for production of recombinant therapeutic proteins offer significant advantages over conventional expression systems, including lack of animal pathogens, low production costs, fast turnaround and response times and rapid, nearly-unlimited scalability. Also, because dried leaves and seeds can be stored at room temperature for lengthy periods without loss of recombinant proteins, plant expression systems have the potential to offer lucrative benefits from the development of edible vaccines and prophylactics, as these would not require "cold chain" storage and transportation, and could be administered in mass volumes with minimal processing. Several biotechnology companies currently have developed and adopted plant-based platforms for commercial production of recombinant protein therapeutics. In this manuscript, we outline the challenges in the process of livestock immunization as well as the current plant biotechnology developments aimed to address these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Kolotilin
- />Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON Canada
| | - Ed Topp
- />AAFC, Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, 1391 Sandford St, London, ON Canada
| | - Eric Cox
- />Laboratory of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Bert Devriendt
- />Laboratory of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Udo Conrad
- />Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Jussi Joensuu
- />VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Eva Stöger
- />Department for Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heribert Warzecha
- />Technische Universität Darmstadt, FB Biologie, Schnittspahnstr. 5, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Tim McAllister
- />AAFC, Lethbridge Research Centre, 5403, 1 Avenue South, Lethbridge, Alberta Canada
| | - Andrew Potter
- />Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Canada
- />Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Canada
| | - Michael D McLean
- />PlantForm Corp., c/o Room 2218, E.C. Bovey Bldg, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2 W1 Canada
| | - J Christopher Hall
- />School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2 W1 Canada
| | - Rima Menassa
- />Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON Canada
- />AAFC, Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, 1391 Sandford St, London, ON Canada
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15
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Company N, Nadal A, Ruiz C, Pla M. Production of phytotoxic cationic α-helical antimicrobial peptides in plant cells using inducible promoters. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109990. [PMID: 25387106 PMCID: PMC4227650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic linear antimicrobial peptides with cationic α-helical structures, such as BP100, have potent and specific activities against economically important plant pathogenic bacteria. They are also recognized as valuable therapeutics and preservatives. However, highly active BP100 derivatives are often phytotoxic when expressed at high levels as recombinant peptides in plants. Here we demonstrate that production of recombinant phytotoxic peptides in transgenic plants is possible by strictly limiting transgene expression to certain tissues and conditions, and specifically that minimization of this expression during transformation and regeneration of transgenic plants is essential to obtain viable plant biofactories. On the basis of whole-genome transcriptomic data available online, we identified the Os.hsp82 promoter that fulfilled this requirement and was highly induced in response to heat shock. Using this strategy, we generated transgenic rice lines producing moderate yields of severely phytotoxic BP100 derivatives on exposure to high temperature. In addition, a threshold for gene expression in selected tissues and stages was experimentally established, below which the corresponding promoters should be suitable for driving the expression of recombinant phytotoxic proteins in genetically modified plants. In view of the growing transcriptomics data available, this approach is of interest to assist promoter selection for specific purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuri Company
- Institute for Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Anna Nadal
- Institute for Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Cristina Ruiz
- Institute for Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Maria Pla
- Institute for Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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16
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Puig M, Moragrega C, Ruz L, Montesinos E, Llorente I. Postinfection Activity of Synthetic Antimicrobial Peptides Against Stemphylium vesicarium in Pear. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2014; 104:1192-200. [PMID: 24875384 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-14-0036-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Brown spot of pear is a fungal disease of economic importance caused by Stemphylium vesicarium that affects the pear crops in Europe. Due to the characteristics of this disease and the moderate efficacy of available fungicides, the effectiveness of control measures is very limited; however, synthetic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) may be a complement to these fungicides. In the present study, 12 AMPs of the CECMEL11 library were screened for fungicidal activity against S. vesicarium. In vitro experiments showed that eight AMPs significantly reduced the germination of conidia. The most effective peptides, BP15, BP22, and BP25, reduced fungal growth and sporulation at concentrations below 50 μM. Leaf assays showed that preventive application of BP15 and BP22 did not reduce infection; however, when the peptides were applied curatively, infection was significantly reduced. The use of a BP15 fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate conjugate revealed that the peptide binds to hyphae and germ tubes and produces malformations that irreversibly stop their development.
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17
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Müller H, Salzig D, Czermak P. Considerations for the process development of insect-derived antimicrobial peptide production. Biotechnol Prog 2014; 31:1-11. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hagen Müller
- Inst. of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen; Wiesenstrasse 14 Giessen 35390 Germany
| | - Denise Salzig
- Inst. of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen; Wiesenstrasse 14 Giessen 35390 Germany
| | - Peter Czermak
- Inst. of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen; Wiesenstrasse 14 Giessen 35390 Germany
- Faculty of Biology and Chemistry; Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen; Germany
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; Kansas State University; Manhattan KS USA
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME); Project group “Bioresources”, Winchesterstrasse 3; Giessen 35394 Germany
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18
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Badosa E, Moiset G, Montesinos L, Talleda M, Bardají E, Feliu L, Planas M, Montesinos E. Derivatives of the antimicrobial peptide BP100 for expression in plant systems. PLoS One 2013; 8:e85515. [PMID: 24376887 PMCID: PMC3871672 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Production of antimicrobial peptides in plants constitutes an approach for obtaining them in high amounts. However, their heterologous expression in a practical and efficient manner demands some structural requirements such as a minimum size, the incorporation of retention signals to assure their accumulation in specific tissues, and the presence of protease cleavage amino acids and of target sequences to facilitate peptide detection. Since any sequence modification may influence the biological activity, peptides that will be obtained from the expression must be screened prior to the synthesis of the genes for plant transformation. We report herein a strategy for the modification of the antimicrobial undecapeptide BP100 that allowed the identification of analogues that can be expressed in plants and exhibit optimum biological properties. We prepared 40 analogues obtained by incorporating repeated units of the antimicrobial undecapeptide, fragments of natural peptides, one or two AGPA hinges, a Gly or Ser residue at the N-terminus, and a KDEL fragment and/or the epitope tag54 at the C-terminus. Their antimicrobial, hemolytic and phytotoxic activities, and protease susceptibility were evaluated. Best sequences contained a magainin fragment linked to the antimicrobial undecapeptide through an AGPA hinge. Moreover, since the presence of a KDEL unit or of tag54 did not influence significantly the biological activity, these moieties can be introduced when designing compounds to be retained in the endoplasmic reticulum and detected using a complementary epitope. These findings may contribute to the design of peptides to be expressed in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Badosa
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology-CIDSAV-XaRTA, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Spain
| | - Gemma Moiset
- LIPPSO, Department of Chemistry, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Spain
| | - Laura Montesinos
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology-CIDSAV-XaRTA, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Talleda
- LIPPSO, Department of Chemistry, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Spain
| | - Eduard Bardají
- LIPPSO, Department of Chemistry, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Spain
| | - Lidia Feliu
- LIPPSO, Department of Chemistry, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Spain
| | - Marta Planas
- LIPPSO, Department of Chemistry, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Spain
| | - Emilio Montesinos
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology-CIDSAV-XaRTA, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, Girona, Spain
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