1
|
Guo W, Li G, Wang N, Yang C, Peng H, Wang M, Liu D. Hen Egg White Lysozyme (HEWL) Confers Resistance to Verticillium Wilt in Cotton by Inhibiting the Spread of Fungus and Generating ROS Burst. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17164. [PMID: 38138993 PMCID: PMC10743298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Verticillium wilt is a soil-borne vascular disease caused by the fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae. It causes great harm to upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) yield and quality. A previous study has shown that Hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) exerts strong inhibitory activity against V. dahliae in vitro. In the current study, we introduced the HEWL gene into cotton through the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and the exogenous HEWL protein was successfully expressed in cotton. Our study revealed that HEWL was able to significantly inhibit the proliferation of V. dahlia in cotton. Consequently, the overexpression of HEWL effectively improved the resistance to Verticillium wilt in transgenic cotton. In addition, ROS accumulation and NO content increased rapidly after the V. dahliae inoculation of plant leaves overexpressing HEWL. In addition, the expression of the PR genes was significantly up-regulated. Taken together, our results suggest that HEWL significantly improves resistance to Verticillium wilt by inhibiting the growth of pathogenic fungus, triggering ROS burst, and activating PR genes expression in cotton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Guo
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dehu Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu X, Lei Z, Yang Y, Wang Z, Ha S, Lei Z, He D. Genome-wide identification of GhRLCK-VII subfamily genes in Gossypium hirsutum and investigation of their functions in resistance to Verticillium wilt. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:421. [PMID: 37697254 PMCID: PMC10494381 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04435-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases subfamily VII (RLCK-VII) is critical in regulating plant growth, development, and pattern-triggered immunity. However, a comprehensive exploration of these genes in the allotetraploid Gossypium hirsutum is still lacking. This study aimed to identify RLCK-VII genes in G. hirsutum and investigate their evolutionary history, structural features, expression patterns, and role in plant defense. RESULTS Seventy-two RLCK-VII genes in the G. hirsutum genome were unveiled and classified into nine groups following their phylogenetic analysis with Arabidopsis thaliana. Group VII-1 was the largest, accounting for 28%, while Groups VII-2 and VII-3 had only one member each. The analysis using MCScanX revealed that these 72 genes formed 166 collinear gene pairs and were resided on 26 chromosomes of G. hirsutum, suggesting that they were derived from whole genome segmental duplication events. Their calculated Ka/Ks values were below one, implying the occurrence of purification selection during the evolution and inhibition of gene function differentiation/loss. All members of the RLCK-VII subfamily possessed two conserved domains, PKinase-Tyr and PKinase, and several conserved PBS1 kinase subdomains, individually included in one of the ten motifs identified using MEME. The RNA-Seq results showed that RLCK-VII genes exhibited different spatiotemporal expression, indicating their involvement in cotton growth, development, and defense responses to Verticillium dahliae. The transcription patterns of RLCK-VII genes found by RNA-Seq were further validated using qRT-PCR assays after inoculating "20B12" (cotton cultivar) with "V991" (V. dahliae). The virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) assays uncovered that two RLCK-VII genes (Gohir.A13G227248 and Gohir.A10G219900) were essential to G. hirsutum resistance to Verticillium wilt. CONCLUSIONS These observations offer valuable insight into the attributes and roles of RLCK-VII genes in G. hirsutum, potentially enable the breeding of new cotton cultivars with enhanced resistance to Verticillium wilt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyan Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhongping Lei
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuzhen Yang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenkai Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shengying Ha
- Eighth Company of Rocket Farm, Xinxing, 839000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhangying Lei
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Daohua He
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tan Q, Li R, Liu L, Wang D, Dai XF, Song LM, Zhang DD, Kong ZQ, Klosterman SJ, Usami T, Subbarao KV, Liang WX, Chen JY. Functional Characterization of Verticillium dahliae Race 3-Specific Gene VdR3e in Virulence and Elicitation of Plant Immune Responses. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0108323. [PMID: 37378525 PMCID: PMC10434166 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01083-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Verticillium dahliae is a soilborne fungal pathogen that causes disease on many economically important crops. Based on the resistance or susceptibility of differential cultivars in tomato, isolates of V. dahliae are divided into three races. Avirulence (avr) genes within the genomes of the three races have also been identified. However, the functional role of the avr gene in race 3 isolates of V. dahliae has not been characterized. In this study, bioinformatics analysis showed that VdR3e, a cysteine-rich secreted protein encoded by the gene characterizing race 3 in V. dahliae, was likely obtained by horizontal gene transfer from the fungal genus Bipolaris. We demonstrate that VdR3e causes cell death by triggering multiple defense responses. In addition, VdR3e localized at the periphery of the plant cell and triggered immunity depending on its subcellular localization and the cell membrane receptor BAK1. Furthermore, VdR3e is a virulence factor and shows differential pathogenicity in race 3-resistant and -susceptible hosts. These results suggest that VdR3e is a virulence factor that can also interact with BAK1 as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) to trigger immune responses. IMPORTANCE Based on the gene-for-gene model, research on the function of avirulence genes and resistance genes has had an unparalleled impact on breeding for resistance in most crops against individual pathogens. The soilborne fungal pathogen, Verticillium dahliae, is a major pathogen on many economically important crops. Currently, avr genes of the three races in V. dahliae have been identified, but the function of avr gene representing race 3 has not been described. We investigated the characteristics of VdR3e-mediated immunity and demonstrated that VdR3e acts as a PAMP to activate a variety of plant defense responses and induce plant cell death. We also demonstrated that the role of VdR3e in pathogenicity was host dependent. This is the first study to describe the immune and virulence functions of the avr gene from race 3 in V. dahliae, and we provide support for the identification of genes mediating resistance against race 3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Tan
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ran Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Feng Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Min Song
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Steve J. Klosterman
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Salinas, California, USA
| | - Toshiyuki Usami
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo City, Japan
| | - Krishna V. Subbarao
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California—Davis, c/o U.S. Agricultural Research Station, Salinas, California, USA
| | - Wen-Xing Liang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie-Yin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu T, Deng S, Zhang C, Yang X, Shi L, Xu F, Wang S, Wang C. Brassinosteroid signaling regulates phosphate starvation-induced malate secretion in plants. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 64:836-842. [PMID: 36579777 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is often limited in soils due to precipitation with iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al). To scavenge heterogeneously distributed phosphorus (P) resources, plants have evolved a local Pi signaling pathway that induces malate secretion to solubilize the occluded Fe-P or Al-P oxides. In this study, we show that Pi limitation impaired brassinosteroid signaling and downregulated BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT 1 (BZR1) expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. Exogenous 2,4-epibrassinolide treatment or constitutive activation of BZR1 (in the bzr1-D mutant) significantly reduced primary root growth inhibition under Pi-starvation conditions by downregulating ALUMINUM-ACTIVATED MALATE TRANSPORTER 1 (ALMT1) expression and malate secretion. Furthermore, AtBZR1 competitively suppressed the activator effect of SENSITIVITY TO PROTON RHIZOTOXICITY 1 (STOP1) on ALMT1 expression and malate secretion in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and Arabidopsis. The ratio of nuclear-localized STOP1 and BZR1 determined ALMT1 expression and malate secretion in Arabidopsis. In addition, BZR1-inhibited malate secretion is conserved in rice (Oryza sativa). Our findings provide insight into plant mechanisms for optimizing the secretion of malate, an important carbon resource, to adapt to Pi-deficiency stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Liu
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Suren Deng
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Fangsen Xu
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Sheliang Wang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhu Y, Zhao M, Li T, Wang L, Liao C, Liu D, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Liu L, Ge X, Li B. Interactions between Verticillium dahliae and cotton: pathogenic mechanism and cotton resistance mechanism to Verticillium wilt. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1174281. [PMID: 37152175 PMCID: PMC10161258 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1174281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cotton is widely grown in many countries around the world due to the huge economic value of the total natural fiber. Verticillium wilt, caused by the soil-borne pathogen Verticillium dahliae, is the most devastating disease that led to extensive yield losses and fiber quality reduction in cotton crops. Developing resistant cotton varieties through genetic engineering is an effective, economical, and durable strategy to control Verticillium wilt. However, there are few resistance gene resources in the currently planted cotton varieties, which has brought great challenges and difficulties for breeding through genetic engineering. Further revealing the molecular mechanism between V. dahliae and cotton interaction is crucial to discovering genes related to disease resistance. In this review, we elaborated on the pathogenic mechanism of V. dahliae and the resistance mechanism of cotton to Verticillium wilt. V. dahliae has evolved complex mechanisms to achieve pathogenicity in cotton, mainly including five aspects: (1) germination and growth of microsclerotia; (2) infection and successful colonization; (3) adaptation to the nutrient-deficient environment and competition of nutrients; (4) suppression and manipulation of cotton immune responses; (5) rapid reproduction and secretion of toxins. Cotton has evolved multiple physiological and biochemical responses to cope with V. dahliae infection, including modification of tissue structures, accumulation of antifungal substances, homeostasis of reactive oxygen species (ROS), induction of Ca2+ signaling, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, hormone signaling, and PAMPs/effectors-triggered immune response (PTI/ETI). This review will provide an important reference for the breeding of new cotton germplasm resistant to Verticillium wilt through genetic engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Zhu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
- *Correspondence: Yutao Zhu, ; Bingbing Li,
| | - Mei Zhao
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Taotao Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Lianzhe Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Chunli Liao
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Dongxiao Liu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Huamin Zhang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Yanpeng Zhao
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lisen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Xiaoyang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Bingbing Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
- *Correspondence: Yutao Zhu, ; Bingbing Li,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vuong UT, Iswanto ABB, Nguyen Q, Kang H, Lee J, Moon J, Kim SH. Engineering plant immune circuit: walking to the bright future with a novel toolbox. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:17-45. [PMID: 36036862 PMCID: PMC9829404 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant pathogens destroy crops and cause severe yield losses, leading to an insufficient food supply to sustain the human population. Apart from relying on natural plant immune systems to combat biological agents or waiting for the appropriate evolutionary steps to occur over time, researchers are currently seeking new breakthrough methods to boost disease resistance in plants through genetic engineering. Here, we summarize the past two decades of research in disease resistance engineering against an assortment of pathogens through modifying the plant immune components (internal and external) with several biotechnological techniques. We also discuss potential strategies and provide perspectives on engineering plant immune systems for enhanced pathogen resistance and plant fitness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uyen Thi Vuong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Arya Bagus Boedi Iswanto
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Quang‐Minh Nguyen
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Hobin Kang
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Moon
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
- Division of Life ScienceGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Transgenic Improvement for Biotic Resistance of Crops. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214370. [PMID: 36430848 PMCID: PMC9697442 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotic constraints, including pathogenic fungi, viruses and bacteria, herbivory insects, as well as parasitic nematodes, cause significant yield loss and quality deterioration of crops. The effect of conventional management of these biotic constraints is limited. The advances in transgenic technologies provide a direct and directional approach to improve crops for biotic resistance. More than a hundred transgenic events and hundreds of cultivars resistant to herbivory insects, pathogenic viruses, and fungi have been developed by the heterologous expression of exogenous genes and RNAi, authorized for cultivation and market, and resulted in a significant reduction in yield loss and quality deterioration. However, the exploration of transgenic improvement for resistance to bacteria and nematodes by overexpression of endogenous genes and RNAi remains at the testing stage. Recent advances in RNAi and CRISPR/Cas technologies open up possibilities to improve the resistance of crops to pathogenic bacteria and plant parasitic nematodes, as well as other biotic constraints.
Collapse
|
8
|
Membrane Localized GbTMEM214s Participate in Modulating Cotton Resistance to Verticillium Wilt. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11182342. [PMID: 36145743 PMCID: PMC9505811 DOI: 10.3390/plants11182342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Verticillium wilt (VW) is a soil-borne fungal disease caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb, which leads to serious damage to cotton production annually in the world. In our previous study, a transmembrane protein 214 protein (TMEM214) gene associated with VW resistance was map-based cloned from Gossypium barbadense (G. barbadense). TMEM214 proteins are a kind of transmembrane protein, but their function in plants is rarely studied. To reveal the function of TMEM214s in VW resistance, all six TMEM214s were cloned from G. barbadense in this study. These genes were named as GbTMEM214-1_A/D, GbTMEM214-4_A/D and GbTMEM214-7_A/D, according to their location on the chromosomes. The encoded proteins are all located on the cell membrane. TMEM214 genes were all induced with Verticillium dahliae inoculation and showed significant differences between resistant and susceptible varieties, but the expression patterns of GbTMEM214s under different hormone treatments were significantly different. Virus-induced gene silencing analysis showed the resistance to VW of GbTMEM214s-silenced lines decreased significantly, which further proves the important role of GbTMEM214s in the resistance to Verticillium dahliae. Our study provides an insight into the involvement of GbTMEM214s in VW resistance, which was helpful to better understand the disease-resistance mechanism of plants.
Collapse
|
9
|
Snelders NC, Petti GC, van den Berg GCM, Seidl MF, Thomma BPHJ. An ancient antimicrobial protein co-opted by a fungal plant pathogen for in planta mycobiome manipulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2110968118. [PMID: 34853168 PMCID: PMC8670511 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2110968118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbes typically secrete a plethora of molecules to promote niche colonization. Soil-dwelling microbes are well-known producers of antimicrobials that are exploited to outcompete microbial coinhabitants. Also, plant pathogenic microbes secrete a diversity of molecules into their environment for niche establishment. Upon plant colonization, microbial pathogens secrete so-called effector proteins that promote disease development. While such effectors are typically considered to exclusively act through direct host manipulation, we recently reported that the soil-borne, fungal, xylem-colonizing vascular wilt pathogen Verticillium dahliae exploits effector proteins with antibacterial properties to promote host colonization through the manipulation of beneficial host microbiota. Since fungal evolution preceded land plant evolution, we now speculate that a subset of the pathogen effectors involved in host microbiota manipulation evolved from ancient antimicrobial proteins of terrestrial fungal ancestors that served in microbial competition prior to the evolution of plant pathogenicity. Here, we show that V. dahliae has co-opted an ancient antimicrobial protein as effector, named VdAMP3, for mycobiome manipulation in planta. We show that VdAMP3 is specifically expressed to ward off fungal niche competitors during resting structure formation in senescing mesophyll tissues. Our findings indicate that effector-mediated microbiome manipulation by plant pathogenic microbes extends beyond bacteria and also concerns eukaryotic members of the plant microbiome. Finally, we demonstrate that fungal pathogens can exploit plant microbiome-manipulating effectors in a life stage-specific manner and that a subset of these effectors has evolved from ancient antimicrobial proteins of fungal ancestors that likely originally functioned in manipulation of terrestrial biota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nick C Snelders
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne D-50674, Germany
- Theoretical Biology & Bioinformatics Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584CH, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6708PB, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriella C Petti
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne D-50674, Germany
| | - Grardy C M van den Berg
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6708PB, The Netherlands
| | - Michael F Seidl
- Theoretical Biology & Bioinformatics Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584CH, The Netherlands
| | - Bart P H J Thomma
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne D-50674, Germany;
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6708PB, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen JY, Klosterman SJ, Hu XP, Dai XF, Subbarao KV. Key Insights and Research Prospects at the Dawn of the Population Genomics Era for Verticillium dahliae. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 59:31-51. [PMID: 33891830 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-020620-121925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The genomics era has ushered in exciting possibilities to examine the genetic bases that undergird the characteristic features of Verticillium dahliae and other plant pathogens. In this review, we provide historical perspectives on some of the salient biological characteristics of V. dahliae, including its morphology, microsclerotia formation, host range, disease symptoms, vascular niche, reproduction, and population structure. The kaleidoscopic population structure of this pathogen is summarized, including different races of the pathogen, defoliating and nondefoliating phenotypes, vegetative compatibility groupings, and clonal populations. Where possible, we place the characteristic differences in the context of comparative and functional genomics analyses that have offered insights into population divergence within V. dahliae and the related species.Current challenges are highlighted along with some suggested future population genomics studies that will contribute to advancing our understanding of the population divergence in V. dahliae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Yin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; ,
| | - Steven J Klosterman
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Salinas, California 93905, USA;
| | - Xiao-Ping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
| | - Xiao-Feng Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; ,
| | - Krishna V Subbarao
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California 93905, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhou Y, Yang K, Yan Q, Wang X, Cheng M, Si J, Xue X, Shen D, Jing M, Tyler BM, Dou D. Targeting of anti-microbial proteins to the hyphal surface amplifies protection of crop plants against Phytophthora pathogens. MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:1391-1403. [PMID: 33965632 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora pathogens are a persistent threat to the world's commercially important agricultural crops, including potato and soybean. Current strategies aim at reducing crop losses rely mostly on disease-resistance breeding and chemical pesticides, which can be frequently overcome by the rapid adaptive evolution of pathogens. Transgenic crops with intrinsic disease resistance offer a promising alternative and continue to be developed. Here, we explored Phytophthora-derived PI3P (phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate) as a novel control target, using proteins that bind this lipid to direct secreted anti-microbial peptides and proteins (AMPs) to the surface of Phytophthora pathogens. In transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana, soybean, and potato plants, significantly enhanced resistance to different pathogen isolates was achieved by expression of two AMPs (GAFP1 or GAFP3 from the Chinese medicinal herb Gastrodia elata) fused with a PI3P-specific binding domain (FYVE). Using the soybean pathogen P. sojae as an example, we demonstrated that the FYVE domain could boost the activities of GAFPs in multiple independent assays, including those performed in vitro, in vivo, and in planta. Mutational analysis of P. sojae PI3K1 and PI3K2 genes of this pathogen confirmed that the enhanced activities of the targeted GAFPs were correlated with PI3P levels in the pathogen. Collectively, our study provides a new strategy that could be used to confer resistance not only to Phytophthora pathogens in many plants but also potentially to many other kinds of plant pathogens with unique targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qiang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Ming Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jierui Si
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xue Xue
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Danyu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Maofeng Jing
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Brett M Tyler
- Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing and Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Daolong Dou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen Y, Zhang M, Wang L, Yu X, Li X, Jin D, Zeng J, Ren H, Wang F, Song S, Yan X, Zhao J, Pei Y. GhKWL1 Upregulates GhERF105 but Its Function Is Impaired by Binding with VdISC1, a Pathogenic Effector of Verticillium dahliae. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7328. [PMID: 34298948 PMCID: PMC8306359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae, is a devastating disease for many important crops, including cotton. Kiwellins (KWLs), a group of cysteine-rich proteins synthesized in many plants, have been shown to be involved in response to various phytopathogens. To evaluate genes for their function in resistance to Verticillium wilt, we investigated KWL homologs in cotton. Thirty-five KWL genes (GhKWLs) were identified from the genome of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Among them, GhKWL1 was shown to be localized in nucleus and cytosol, and its gene expression is induced by the infection of V. dahliae. We revealed that GhKWL1 was a positive regulator of GhERF105. Silencing of GhKWL1 resulted in a decrease, whereas overexpression led to an increase in resistance of transgenic plants to Verticillium wilt. Interestingly, through binding to GhKWL1, the pathogenic effector protein VdISC1 produced by V. dahliae could impair the defense response mediated by GhKWL1. Therefore, our study suggests there is a GhKWL1-mediated defense response in cotton, which can be hijacked by V. dahliae through the interaction of VdISC1 with GhKWL1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiaohan Yu
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xianbi Li
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Dan Jin
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jianyan Zeng
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Fanlong Wang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Shuiqing Song
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xingying Yan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yan Pei
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yin Z, Wang N, Pi L, Li L, Duan W, Wang X, Dou D. Nicotiana benthamiana LRR-RLP NbEIX2 mediates the perception of an EIX-like protein from Verticillium dahliae. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:949-960. [PMID: 33205907 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Verticillium wilt diseases caused by the soil-borne fungus Verticillium dahliae result in devastating yield losses in many economically important crops annually. Here, we identified a novel ethylene-inducing xylanase (EIX)-like protein, VdEIX3, from V. dahliae, which exhibits immunity-inducing activity in Nicotiana benthamiana. In vitro-purified VdEIX3 can induce strong oxidative burst, activate the expression of defense-related genes, and increase resistance against oomycete and fungal pathogens in N. benthamiana. VdEIX3 orthologs of other Verticillium pathogens also induce cell death in N. benthamiana, which form a new type of EIX protein family that is distinct from the known EIX proteins. A leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein, NbEIX2, regulates the perception of VdEIX3 in N. benthamiana. Our results demonstrate that VdEIX3 is a novel EIX-like protein that can be recognized by N. benthamiana NbEIX2, and also suggest that NbEIX2 is a promising receptor-like protein that is potentially applicable to transgenic breeding for improving resistance to Verticillium wilt diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Yin
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lei Pi
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lei Li
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Weiwei Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Daolong Dou
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tong S, Yuan M, Liu Y, Li X, Jin D, Cheng X, Lin D, Ling H, Yang D, Wang Y, Mao A, Pei Y, Fan Y. Ergosterol-targeting fusion antifungal peptide significantly increases the Verticillium wilt resistance of cotton. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:926-936. [PMID: 33217142 PMCID: PMC8131044 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the targeting ability of antifungal proteins towards specific components of fungal cells has the potential to improve their antifungal activity and reduce harmful effects to nontarget cells. To obtain effective disease resistance genes against cotton Verticillium wilt, we constructed several fusion genes, in which binding domains targeting chitin, sphingolipid or ergosterol in the fungal cell wall or cell membrane were individually fused to the antifungal peptide BbAFP1 from entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. Transient expression of fusion genes in cotton cotyledons indicated that the BbAFP1::ErBD fusion peptide with an ergosterol binding domain exhibited better disease resistance against V. dahliae than wild-type BbAFP1 and other fusion genes. BbAFP1::ErBD and BbAFP1 transgenic cotton were obtained and verified by Southern and Western blotting. Compared with BbAFP1-expressing cotton, BbAFP1::ErBD-expressing cotton showed higher disease resistance against V. dahliae, with smaller lesion areas (0.07 cm2 vs. 0.16 cm2 ) on the leaves and a lower disease index (23.9 vs. 34.5). Overexpression of BbAFP1::ErBD by transgenic tobacco also showed enhanced disease resistance against V. dahliae compared with that of the wild-type gene. These results indicated that construction of fusion antifungal peptides that target fungal cells is a powerful strategy to obtain new anti-disease genes, and the obtained fusion gene BbAFP1::ErBD has the potential to defend against plant fungal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Tong
- Biotechnology Research CenterChongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm InnovationSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Min Yuan
- Biotechnology Research CenterChongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm InnovationSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xianbi Li
- Biotechnology Research CenterChongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm InnovationSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Dan Jin
- Biotechnology Research CenterChongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm InnovationSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xi Cheng
- Biotechnology Research CenterChongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm InnovationSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Dongmei Lin
- Biotechnology Research CenterChongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm InnovationSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Haichun Ling
- Biotechnology Research CenterChongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm InnovationSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Danni Yang
- Biotechnology Research CenterChongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm InnovationSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yang Wang
- Biotechnology Research CenterChongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm InnovationSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Ajing Mao
- Biotechnology Research CenterChongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm InnovationSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yan Pei
- Biotechnology Research CenterChongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm InnovationSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yanhua Fan
- Biotechnology Research CenterChongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm InnovationSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu X, Ao K, Yao J, Zhang Y, Li X. Engineering plant disease resistance against biotrophic pathogens. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 60:101987. [PMID: 33434797 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2020.101987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Breeding for disease resistance against microbial pathogens is essential for food security in modern agriculture. Conventional breeding, although widely accepted, is time consuming. An alternative approach is generating crop plants with desirable traits through genetic engineering. The collective efforts of many labs in the past 30 years have led to a comprehensive understanding of how plant immunity is achieved, enabling the application of genetic engineering to enhance disease resistance in crop plants. Here, we briefly review the engineering of disease resistance against biotrophic pathogens using various components of the plant immune system. Recent breakthroughs in immune receptors signaling and systemic acquired resistance (SAR), along with innovations in precise gene editing methods, provide exciting new opportunities for the development of improved environmentally friendly crop varieties that are disease resistant and high-yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueru Liu
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Rm 301, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Rm 3156, 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kevin Ao
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Rm 301, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Rm 3156, 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jia Yao
- College of Life Science, Chongqing University, 55 University Town South Road, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Rm 3156, 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Xin Li
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Rm 301, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Rm 3156, 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kashyap A, Planas-Marquès M, Capellades M, Valls M, Coll NS. Blocking intruders: inducible physico-chemical barriers against plant vascular wilt pathogens. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:184-198. [PMID: 32976552 PMCID: PMC7853604 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Xylem vascular wilt pathogens cause devastating diseases in plants. Proliferation of these pathogens in the xylem causes massive disruption of water and mineral transport, resulting in severe wilting and death of the infected plants. Upon reaching the xylem vascular tissue, these pathogens multiply profusely, spreading vertically within the xylem sap, and horizontally between vessels and to the surrounding tissues. Plant resistance to these pathogens is very complex. One of the most effective defense responses in resistant plants is the formation of physico-chemical barriers in the xylem tissue. Vertical spread within the vessel lumen is restricted by structural barriers, namely, tyloses and gels. Horizontal spread to the apoplast and surrounding healthy vessels and tissues is prevented by vascular coating of the colonized vessels with lignin and suberin. Both vertical and horizontal barriers compartmentalize the pathogen at the infection site and contribute to their elimination. Induction of these defenses are tightly coordinated, both temporally and spatially, to avoid detrimental consequences such as cavitation and embolism. We discuss current knowledge on mechanisms underlying plant-inducible structural barriers against major xylem-colonizing pathogens. This knowledge may be applied to engineer metabolic pathways of vascular coating compounds in specific cells, to produce plants resistant towards xylem colonizers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Kashyap
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Marc Planas-Marquès
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | | | - Marc Valls
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra, Spain
- Genetics Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria S Coll
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Deng Y, Ning Y, Yang DL, Zhai K, Wang GL, He Z. Molecular Basis of Disease Resistance and Perspectives on Breeding Strategies for Resistance Improvement in Crops. MOLECULAR PLANT 2020; 13:1402-1419. [PMID: 32979566 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Crop diseases are major factors responsible for substantial yield losses worldwide, which affects global food security. The use of resistance (R) genes is an effective and sustainable approach to controlling crop diseases. Here, we review recent advances on R gene studies in the major crops and related wild species. Current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying R gene activation and signaling, and susceptibility (S) gene-mediated resistance in crops are summarized and discussed. Furthermore, we propose some new strategies for R gene discovery, how to balance resistance and yield, and how to generate crops with broad-spectrum disease resistance. With the rapid development of new genome-editing technologies and the availability of increasing crop genome sequences, the goal of breeding next-generation crops with durable resistance to pathogens is achievable, and will be a key step toward increasing crop production in a sustainable way.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Deng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dong-Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Keran Zhai
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Zuhua He
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rybakova D, Wikström M, Birch-Jensen F, Postma J, Ehlers RU, Schmuck M, Kollmann R, Köhl J, Berg G. Verticillium Wilt in Oilseed Rape-the Microbiome is Crucial for Disease Outbreaks as Well as for Efficient Suppression. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9070866. [PMID: 32650549 PMCID: PMC7412322 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Microbiome management is a promising way to suppress verticillium wilt, a severe disease in Brassica caused by Verticillium longisporum. In order to improve current biocontrol strategies, we compared bacterial Verticillium antagonists in different assays using a hierarchical selection and evaluation scheme, and we integrated outcomes of our previous studies. The result was strongly dependent on the assessment method chosen (in vitro, in vivo, in situ), on the growth conditions of the plants and their genotype. The most promising biocontrol candidate identified was a Brassica endophyte Serratia plymuthica F20. Positive results were confirmed in field trials and by microscopically visualizing the three-way interaction. Applying antagonists in seed treatment contributes to an exceptionally low ecological footprint, supporting efficient economic and ecological solutions to controlling verticillium wilt. Indigenous microbiome, especially soil and seed microbiome, has been identified as key to understanding disease outbreaks and suppression. We suggest that verticillium wilt is a microbiome-driven disease caused by a reduction in microbial diversity within seeds and in the soil surrounding them. We strongly recommend integrating microbiome data in the development of new biocontrol and breeding strategies and combining both strategies with the aim of designing healthy microbiomes, thus making plants more resilient toward soil-borne pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daria Rybakova
- Graz University of Technology, Environmental Biotechnology, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria; (D.R.); (M.S.)
| | - Mariann Wikström
- Agro Plantarum AB, Kärrarpsvägen 410, S-265 90 Åstorp, Sweden; (M.W.); (F.B.-J.)
| | - Fia Birch-Jensen
- Agro Plantarum AB, Kärrarpsvägen 410, S-265 90 Åstorp, Sweden; (M.W.); (F.B.-J.)
| | - Joeke Postma
- Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands; (J.P.); (J.K.)
| | - Ralf Udo Ehlers
- E-nema GmbH, Klausdorfer Str. 28–36, 24223 Schwentinental, Germany;
| | - Maria Schmuck
- Graz University of Technology, Environmental Biotechnology, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria; (D.R.); (M.S.)
| | - René Kollmann
- Strateco OG, Ruckerlberggasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria;
- Sekem Energy GmbH, Steinberg 132, 8151 Hitzendorf, Austria
| | - Jürgen Köhl
- Wageningen University & Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands; (J.P.); (J.K.)
| | - Gabriele Berg
- Graz University of Technology, Environmental Biotechnology, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria; (D.R.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-316-873-8819
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Long L, Xu FC, Zhao JR, Li B, Xu L, Gao W. GbMPK3 overexpression increases cotton sensitivity to Verticillium dahliae by regulating salicylic acid signaling. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 292:110374. [PMID: 32005380 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The soil-born vascular disease Verticillium wilt, which is caused by fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae, is a devastating disease of cotton worldwide. In the last decade, a large number of genes have been found to participate in cotton-V. dahliae interactions, but the detailed mechanisms of cotton resistance to V. dahliae remain unclear. Here, we functionally characterized MPK3, a MAPK gene from cotton. MPK3 was induced in the roots of both resistant and susceptible cotton cultivars by V. dahliae inoculation. Transgenic cotton and tobacco with constitutively higher GbMPK3 expression conferred higher V. dahliae susceptibility, while MPK3 knockdown in cotton has limited effect on cotton resistance to V. dahliae. Expression profiling revealed that SA-mediated defense pathway genes (WRKY70, PR1, and PR5) accumulated after V. dahliae inoculation in roots of both wild-type and transgenic cotton, and the expression levels of these genes were higher in GbMPK3-overexpressing plants than in wild-type plants, indicating that GbMPK3 upregulation may reduce plant resistance to V. dahliae through regulating salicylic acid signaling transduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China
| | - Fu-Chun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China
| | - Jing-Ruo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China
| | - Bing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, PR China
| | - Wei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Song R, Li J, Xie C, Jian W, Yang X. An Overview of the Molecular Genetics of Plant Resistance to the Verticillium Wilt Pathogen Verticillium dahliae. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031120. [PMID: 32046212 PMCID: PMC7037454 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Verticillium dahliae is a soil-borne hemibiotrophic fungus that can lead to plant vascular disease and significant economic loss worldwide. Its hosts include over 400 dicotyledon plant species, such as annual herbs, perennials, and woody plants. The average yield loss of cotton crop caused by Verticillium wilt is approximately 10–35%. As the control of this disease is an urgent task for many countries, further understanding of the interaction between plants and V. dahliae is essential. Fungi can promote or inhibit plant growth, which is important; however, the most important relationship between plants and fungi is the host–pathogen relationship. Plants can become resistant to V. dahliae through diverse mechanisms such as cell wall modifications, extracellular enzymes, pattern recognition receptors, transcription factors, and salicylic acid (SA)/jasmonic acid (JA)/ethylene (ET)-related signal transduction pathways. Over the last decade, several studies on the physiological and molecular mechanisms of plant resistance to V. dahliae have been undertaken. In this review, many resistance-related genes are summarised to provide a theoretical basis for better understanding of the molecular genetic mechanisms of plant resistance to V. dahliae. Moreover, it is intended to serve as a resource for research focused on the development of genetic resistance mechanisms to combat Verticillium wilt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chenjian Xie
- Correspondence: (C.X.); (X.Y.); Tel.: +86-23-6591-0315 (C.X. & X.Y.)
| | | | - Xingyong Yang
- Correspondence: (C.X.); (X.Y.); Tel.: +86-23-6591-0315 (C.X. & X.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ayliffe M, Sørensen CK. Plant nonhost resistance: paradigms and new environments. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 50:104-113. [PMID: 31075541 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nonhost resistance (NHR) protects plants from a large and diverse array of potential phytopathogens. Each phytopathogen can parasitise some plant species, but most plant species are nonhosts that are innately immune due to a series of physical, chemical and inducible defenses these nonadapted pathogens cannot overcome. New evidence supports the NHR paradigm that posits the inability of potential pathogens to colonise nonhost plants is frequently due to molecular incompatibility between pathogen virulence factors and plant cellular targets. While NHR is durable, it is not insurmountable. Environmental changes can facilitate pathogen host jumps or alternatively result in new encounters between previously isolated plant species and pathogens. Climate change is predicted to substantially alter the current distribution of plants and their pathogens which could result in parasitism of new plant species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ayliffe
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Box 1700, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - Chris K Sørensen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, DK-4200, Slagelse, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li TG, Wang BL, Yin CM, Zhang DD, Wang D, Song J, Zhou L, Kong ZQ, Klosterman SJ, Li JJ, Adamu S, Liu TL, Subbarao KV, Chen JY, Dai XF. The Gossypium hirsutum TIR-NBS-LRR gene GhDSC1 mediates resistance against Verticillium wilt. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2019; 20:857-876. [PMID: 30957942 DOI: 10.5897/ajmr11.781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Improving genetic resistance is a preferred method to manage Verticillium wilt of cotton and other hosts. Identifying host resistance is difficult because of the dearth of resistance genes against this pathogen. Previously, a novel candidate gene involved in Verticillium wilt resistance was identified by a genome-wide association study using a panel of Gossypium hirsutum accessions. In this study, we cloned the candidate resistance gene from cotton that encodes a protein sharing homology with the TIR-NBS-LRR receptor-like defence protein DSC1 in Arabidopsis thaliana (hereafter named GhDSC1). GhDSC1 expressed at higher levels in response to Verticillium wilt and jasmonic acid (JA) treatment in resistant cotton cultivars as compared to susceptible cultivars and its product was localized to nucleus. The transfer of GhDSC1 to Arabidopsis conferred Verticillium resistance in an A. thaliana dsc1 mutant. This resistance response was associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and increased expression of JA-signalling-related genes. Furthermore, the expression of GhDSC1 in response to Verticillium wilt and JA signalling in A. thaliana displayed expression patterns similar to GhCAMTA3 in cotton under identical conditions, suggesting a coordinated DSC1 and CAMTA3 response in A. thaliana to Verticillium wilt. Analyses of GhDSC1 sequence polymorphism revealed a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) difference between resistant and susceptible cotton accessions, within the P-loop motif encoded by GhDSC1. This SNP difference causes ineffective activation of defence response in susceptible cultivars. These results demonstrated that GhDSC1 confers Verticillium resistance in the model plant system of A. thaliana, and therefore represents a suitable candidate for the genetic engineering of Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Gang Li
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bao-Li Wang
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chun-Mei Yin
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhang
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jian Song
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Kong
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Steven J Klosterman
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Salinas, California, USA
| | - Jun-Jiao Li
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Sabiu Adamu
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ting-Li Liu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China
| | - Krishna V Subbarao
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, c/o United States Agricultural Research Station, Salinas, California, USA
| | - Jie-Yin Chen
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Dai
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li T, Wang B, Yin C, Zhang D, Wang D, Song J, Zhou L, Kong Z, Klosterman SJ, Li J, Adamu S, Liu T, Subbarao KV, Chen J, Dai X. The Gossypium hirsutum TIR-NBS-LRR gene GhDSC1 mediates resistance against Verticillium wilt. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2019; 20:857-876. [PMID: 30957942 PMCID: PMC6637886 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Improving genetic resistance is a preferred method to manage Verticillium wilt of cotton and other hosts. Identifying host resistance is difficult because of the dearth of resistance genes against this pathogen. Previously, a novel candidate gene involved in Verticillium wilt resistance was identified by a genome-wide association study using a panel of Gossypium hirsutum accessions. In this study, we cloned the candidate resistance gene from cotton that encodes a protein sharing homology with the TIR-NBS-LRR receptor-like defence protein DSC1 in Arabidopsis thaliana (hereafter named GhDSC1). GhDSC1 expressed at higher levels in response to Verticillium wilt and jasmonic acid (JA) treatment in resistant cotton cultivars as compared to susceptible cultivars and its product was localized to nucleus. The transfer of GhDSC1 to Arabidopsis conferred Verticillium resistance in an A. thaliana dsc1 mutant. This resistance response was associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and increased expression of JA-signalling-related genes. Furthermore, the expression of GhDSC1 in response to Verticillium wilt and JA signalling in A. thaliana displayed expression patterns similar to GhCAMTA3 in cotton under identical conditions, suggesting a coordinated DSC1 and CAMTA3 response in A. thaliana to Verticillium wilt. Analyses of GhDSC1 sequence polymorphism revealed a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) difference between resistant and susceptible cotton accessions, within the P-loop motif encoded by GhDSC1. This SNP difference causes ineffective activation of defence response in susceptible cultivars. These results demonstrated that GhDSC1 confers Verticillium resistance in the model plant system of A. thaliana, and therefore represents a suitable candidate for the genetic engineering of Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting‐Gang Li
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
| | - Bao‐Li Wang
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
| | - Chun‐Mei Yin
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
| | - Dan‐Dan Zhang
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of AgricultureBeijing100193China
| | - Dan Wang
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
| | - Jian Song
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of AgricultureBeijing100193China
| | - Zhi‐Qiang Kong
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
| | - Steven J. Klosterman
- United States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research ServiceSalinasCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jun‐Jiao Li
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
| | - Sabiu Adamu
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
| | - Ting‐Li Liu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of AgrobiologyJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingJiangsu210014China
| | - Krishna V. Subbarao
- Department of Plant PathologyUniversity of California, Davis, c/o United States Agricultural Research StationSalinasCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jie‐Yin Chen
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of AgricultureBeijing100193China
| | - Xiao‐Feng Dai
- Laboratory of Cotton Disease, Institute of Food Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China
- Key Laboratory of Agro‐products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of AgricultureBeijing100193China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wu J, Reca I, Spinelli F, Lironi D, De Lorenzo G, Poltronieri P, Cervone F, Joosten MH, Ferrari S, Brutus A. An EFR-Cf-9 chimera confers enhanced resistance to bacterial pathogens by SOBIR1- and BAK1-dependent recognition of elf18. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2019; 20:751-764. [PMID: 30938041 PMCID: PMC6637901 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The transfer of well-studied native and chimeric pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to susceptible plants is a proven strategy to improve host resistance. In most cases, the ectodomain determines PRR recognition specificity, while the endodomain determines the intensity of the immune response. Here we report the generation and characterization of the chimeric receptor EFR-Cf-9, which carries the ectodomain of the Arabidopsis thaliana EF-Tu receptor (EFR) and the endodomain of the tomato Cf-9 resistance protein. Both transient and stable expression of EFR-Cf-9 triggered a robust hypersensitive response (HR) upon elf18 treatment in tobacco. Co-immunoprecipitation and virus-induced gene silencing studies showed that EFR-Cf-9 constitutively interacts with SUPPRESSOR OF BIR1-1 (SOBIR1) co-receptor, and requires both SOBIR1 and kinase-active BRI1-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 (BAK1) for its function. Transgenic plants expressing EFR-Cf-9 were more resistant to the (hemi)biotrophic bacterial pathogens Pseudomonas amygdali pv. tabaci (Pta) 11528 and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, and mounted an HR in response to high doses of Pta 11528 and P. carotovorum. Taken together, these data indicate that the EFR-Cf-9 chimera is a valuable tool for both investigating the molecular mechanisms responsible for the activation of defence responses by PRRs, and for potential biotechnological use to improve crop disease resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinbin Wu
- Laboratory of PhytopathologyWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 16708 PBWageningenNetherlands
| | | | - Francesco Spinelli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”Sapienza University of Rome00185RomeItaly
| | - Damiano Lironi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”Sapienza University of Rome00185RomeItaly
| | - Giulia De Lorenzo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”Sapienza University of Rome00185RomeItaly
| | | | - Felice Cervone
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”Sapienza University of Rome00185RomeItaly
| | - Matthieu H.A.J. Joosten
- Laboratory of PhytopathologyWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 16708 PBWageningenNetherlands
| | - Simone Ferrari
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”Sapienza University of Rome00185RomeItaly
| | - Alexandre Brutus
- DOE Plant Research LaboratoryMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhou Y, Sun L, Wassan GM, He X, Shaban M, Zhang L, Zhu L, Zhang X. GbSOBIR1 confers Verticillium wilt resistance by phosphorylating the transcriptional factor GbbHLH171 in Gossypium barbadense. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:152-163. [PMID: 29797390 PMCID: PMC6330551 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) are important components of plant innate immunity. Although recent studies have revealed that the RLK suppressor of BIR1-1 (SOBIR1) can interact with multiple receptor-like proteins and is required for resistance against fungal pathogens, how the signal is transduced and triggers immune responses remains enigmatic. In this study, we identified a defence-related RLK from Gossypium barbadense (designated GbSOBIR1) and investigated its functional mechanism. Expression of the GbSOBIR1 gene is ubiquitous in cotton plants and is induced by Verticillium dahliae inoculation. Knock-down of GbSOBIR1 by virus-induced gene silencing resulted in attenuated resistance of cotton plants to V. dahliae, while heterologous overexpression of GbSOBIR1 in Arabidopsis improves resistance. We also found that the kinase region of GbSOBIR1 interacts with a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor identified as GbbHLH171 in a yeast-two-hybrid screen. GbbHLH171 could interact with and be phosphorylated by GbSOBIR1 in vitro and in vivo and contributes positively to the resistance of cotton against V. dahliae. Furthermore, we found that this phosphorylation is essential to the transcriptional activity and functional role of GbbHLH171. We also show by spectrometric analysis and site-directed mutagenesis that Ser413 is the GbSOBIR1-mediated phosphorylation site of GbbHLH171. These results demonstrate that GbSOBIR1 interacts with GbbHLH171 and plays a critical role in cotton resistance to V. dahliae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Longqing Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Ghulam Mustafa Wassan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Xin He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Muhammad Shaban
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Lin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Longfu Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhu W, Gao E, Shaban M, Wang Y, Wang H, Nie X, Zhu L. GhUMC1, a blue copper-binding protein, regulates lignin synthesis and cotton immune response. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 504:75-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
27
|
Shaban M, Miao Y, Ullah A, Khan AQ, Menghwar H, Khan AH, Ahmed MM, Tabassum MA, Zhu L. Physiological and molecular mechanism of defense in cotton against Verticillium dahliae. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 125:193-204. [PMID: 29462745 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Cotton, a natural fiber producing crop of huge importance for textile industry, has been reckoned as the backbone in the economy of many developing countries. Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae reflected as the most devastating disease of cotton crop in several parts of the world. Average losses due to attack of this disease are tremendous every year. There is urgent need to develop strategies for effective control of this disease. In the last decade, progress has been made to understand the interaction between cotton-V. dahliae and several growth and pathogenicity related genes were identified. Still, most of the molecular components and mechanisms of cotton defense against Verticillium wilt are poorly understood. However, from existing knowledge, it is perceived that cotton defense mechanism primarily depends on the pre-formed defense structures including thick cuticle, synthesis of phenolic compounds and delaying or hindering the expansion of the invader through advanced measures such as reinforcement of cell wall structure, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), release of phytoalexins, the hypersensitive response and the development of broad spectrum resistance named as, systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Investigation of these defense tactics provide valuable information about the improvement of cotton breeding strategies for the development of durable, cost effective, and broad spectrum resistant varieties. Consequently, this management approach will help to reduce the use of fungicides and also minimize other environmental hazards. In the present paper, we summarized the V. dahliae virulence mechanism and comprehensively discussed the cotton molecular mechanisms of defense such as physiological, biochemical responses with the addition of signaling pathways that are implicated towards attaining resistance against Verticillium wilt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shaban
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Yuhuan Miao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Abid Ullah
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Anam Qadir Khan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Hakim Menghwar
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Aamir Hamid Khan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Muhammad Mahmood Ahmed
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Tabassum
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Longfu Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Xu J, Wang X, Li Y, Zeng J, Wang G, Deng C, Guo W. Host-induced gene silencing of a regulator of G protein signalling gene (VdRGS1) confers resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2018; 16:1629-1643. [PMID: 29431919 PMCID: PMC6096726 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Verticillium wilt (VW), caused by soil-borne fungi of the genus Verticillium, is a serious disease affecting a wide range of plants and leading to a constant and major challenge to agriculture worldwide. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is the world's most important natural textile fibre and oil crop. VW of cotton is a highly devastating vascular disease; however, few resistant germplasms have been reported in cotton. An increasing number of studies have shown that RNA interference (RNAi)-based host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) is an effective strategy for improving plant resistance to pathogens by silencing genes essential for the pathogenicity of these pathogens. Here, we have identified and characterized multifunctional regulators of G protein signalling (RGS) in the Verticillium dahliae virulence strain, Vd8. Of eight VdRGS genes, VdRGS1 showed the most significant increase in expression in V. dahliae after treating with the roots of cotton seedlings. Based on the phenotype detection of VdRGS1 deletion and complementation mutants, we found that VdRGS1 played crucial roles in spore production, hyphal development, microsclerotia formation and pathogenicity. Tobacco rattle virus-mediated HIGS in cotton plants silenced VdRGS1 transcripts in invaded V. dahliae strains and enhanced broad-spectrum resistance to cotton VW. Our data demonstrate that VdRGS1 is a conserved and essential gene for V. dahliae virulence. HIGS of VdRGS1 provides effective control against V. dahliae infection and could obtain the durable disease resistance in cotton and in other VW-susceptible host crops by developing the stable transformants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm EnhancementNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Xinyu Wang
- College of Life SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Yongqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm EnhancementNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Jianguo Zeng
- College of Life SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Guilin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm EnhancementNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Chaoyang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm EnhancementNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Wangzhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm EnhancementNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhao J, Liu J, Xu J, Zhao L, Wu Q, Xiao S. Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping and Candidate Gene Analysis for Verticillium Wilt Resistance Using Gossypium barbadense Chromosomal Segment Introgressed Line. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:682. [PMID: 29899750 PMCID: PMC5988901 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Verticillium wilt (VW) is a soil-borne fungal disease that is caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb and seriously damages cotton production annually in China. To date, many efforts have been made to improve the resistance of upland cotton against VW, but little progress has been achieved because of a lack of resistant upland cotton to VW. G. barbadense is known to carry high resistance to VW; however, it is difficult to transfer the resistance trait from G. barbadense to upland cotton because of linkage drag and distortion in the interspecific hybrid. In this study, a chromosomal segment introgression line (CSIL), SuVR043, containing a single and homozygous chromosome segment of G. barbadense cv. H7124 D04 (Chr 22), was created and used to construct an F2 population for mapping of VW resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in the greenhouse. Two major resistance QTLs against nondefoliating V. dahliae isolate Bp2, called qVW-Bp2-1 and qVW-Bp2-2, which were flanked by the markers cgr6409-ZHX37 and ZHX57-ZHX70 and explained an average of 16.38 and 22.36% of the observed phenotypic variation, respectively, were detected in three independent replicate experiments. The genetic distances from cgr6409 to ZHX37 and from ZHX57 to ZHX70 were 2.4 and 0.8 cM, respectively. By analyzing the genome sequence of the qVW-Bp2-1 and qVW-Bp2-2 regions, we determined that the accurate physical distances from cgr6409 to ZHX37 and from ZHX57 to ZHX70 in the G. barbadense genome are 254 and 140 kb, and that those spans 36 and 20 putative genes, respectively. The results of the expression analysis showed significant differences in the expression profiles of GbCYP450, GbTMEM214, and GbRLK among G. barbadense cv. H7124, CSIL SuVR043 and G. hirsutum acc. Sumian 8 at different times after inoculation with V. dahliae isolate Bp2. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) analysis showed that silencing of GbCYP450 and GbTMEM214 decreased H7124 and CSIL SuVR043 resistance to VW. These results form a solid foundation for fine mapping and cloning of resistance genes in the substituted segment and will provide valuable assistance in future efforts to breed for VW resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianguang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianwen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiaojuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Songhua Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Songhua Xiao
| |
Collapse
|