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Matsuda K. Understanding pyrethrin biosynthesis: toward and beyond natural pesticide overproduction. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:1927-1937. [PMID: 39136197 DOI: 10.1042/bst20240213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Pyrethrins are natural insecticides biosynthesised by Asteraceae plants, such as Tanacetum cinerariifolium and have a long history, dating back to ancient times. Pyrethrins are often used as low-persistence and safe insecticides to control household, horticultural, and agricultural insect pests. Despite its long history of use, pyrethrin biosynthesis remains a mystery, presenting a significant opportunity to improve yields and meet the growing demand for organic agriculture. To achieve this, both genetic modification and non-genetic methods, such as chemical activation and priming, are indispensable. Plants use pyrethrins as a defence against herbivores, but pyrethrin biosynthesis pathways are shared with plant hormones and signal molecules. Hence, the insight that pyrethrins may play broader roles than those traditionally expected is invaluable to advance the basic and applied sciences of pyrethrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Matsuda
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan
- Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute, Kindai University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan
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Li J, Hu H, Ren S, Yu L, Luo Y, Li J, Zeng T, Wang M, Wang C. Aphid alarm pheromone mimicry in transgenic Chrysanthemum morifolium: insights into the potential of ( E)-β-farnesene for aphid resistance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1373669. [PMID: 38711605 PMCID: PMC11070518 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1373669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
(E)-β-Farnesene (EBF) serves as the primary component of the alarm pheromone used by most aphid pest species. Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) exhibits tissue-specific regulation of EBF accumulation and release, effectively mimicking the aphid alarm signal, deterring aphid attacks while attracting aphid predators. However, cultivated chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium), a popular and economically significant flower, is highly vulnerable to aphid infestations. In this study, we investigated the high expression of the pyrethrum EBF synthase (TcEbFS) gene promoter in the flower head and stem, particularly in the parenchyma cells. Subsequently, we introduced the TcEbFS gene, under the control of its native promoter, into cultivated chrysanthemum. This genetic modification led to increased EBF accumulation in the flower stem and young flower bud, which are the most susceptible tissues to aphid attacks. Analysis revealed that aphids feeding on transgenic chrysanthemum exhibited prolonged probing times and extended salivation durations during the phloem phase, indicating that EBF in the cortex cells hindered their host-location behavior. Interestingly, the heightened emission of EBF was only observed in transgenic chrysanthemum flowers after mechanical damage. Furthermore, we explored the potential of this transgenic chrysanthemum for aphid resistance by comparing the spatial distribution and storage of terpene volatiles in different organs and tissues of pyrethrum and chrysanthemum. This study provides valuable insights into future trials aiming for a more accurate replication of alarm pheromone release in plants. It highlights the complexities of utilizing EBF for aphid resistance in cultivated chrysanthemum and calls for further investigations to enhance our understanding of this defense mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Hu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengjing Ren
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Yu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Luo
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiawen Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tuo Zeng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Manqun Wang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Caiyun Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Li J, Hu H, Fu H, Li J, Zeng T, Li J, Wang M, Jongsma MA, Wang C. Exploring the co-operativity of secretory structures for defense and pollination in flowering plants. PLANTA 2024; 259:41. [PMID: 38270671 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04322-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION In flowers multiple secretory systems cooperate to deliver specialized metabolites to support specific roles in defence and pollination. The collective roles of cell types, enzymes, and transporters are discussed. The interplay between reproductive strategies and defense mechanisms in flowering plants has long been recognized, with trade-offs between investment in defense and reproduction predicted. Glandular trichomes and secretory cavities or ducts, which are epidermal and internal structures, play a pivotal role in the secretion, accumulation, and transport of specialized secondary metabolites, and contribute significantly to defense and pollination. Recent investigations have revealed an intricate connection between these two structures, whereby specialized volatile and non-volatile metabolites are exchanged, collectively shaping their respective ecological functions. However, a comprehensive understanding of this profound integration remains largely elusive. In this review, we explore the secretory systems and associated secondary metabolism primarily in Asteraceous species to propose potential shared mechanisms facilitating the directional translocation of these metabolites to diverse destinations. We summarize recent advances in our understanding of the cooperativity between epidermal and internal secretory structures in the biosynthesis, secretion, accumulation, and emission of terpenes, providing specific well-documented examples from pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium). Pyrethrum is renowned for its natural pyrethrin insecticides, which accumulate in the flower head, and more recently, for emitting an aphid alarm pheromone. These examples highlight the diverse specializations of secondary metabolism in pyrethrum and raise intriguing questions regarding the regulation of production and translocation of these compounds within and between its various epidermal and internal secretory systems, spanning multiple tissues, to serve distinct ecological purposes. By discussing the cooperative nature of secretory structures in flowering plants, this review sheds light on the intricate mechanisms underlying the ecological roles of terpenes in defense and pollination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation, Unifilization of Horticultural Crops Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hao Hu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation, Unifilization of Horticultural Crops Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hansen Fu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation, Unifilization of Horticultural Crops Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jie Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Tuo Zeng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation, Unifilization of Horticultural Crops Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiawen Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation, Unifilization of Horticultural Crops Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Manqun Wang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Maarten A Jongsma
- Business Unit Bioscience, Wageningen Plant Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Caiyun Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation, Unifilization of Horticultural Crops Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Chang X, Yang M, Li H, Wu J, Zhang J, Yin C, Ma W, Chen H, Zhou F, Lin Y. Cloning of the promoter of rice brown planthopper feeding-inducible gene OsTPS31 and identification of related cis-regulatory elements. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:1809-1819. [PMID: 36637212 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brown planthopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens) is one of the most serious pests of rice in the world. Insect-resistant genetic engineering is a very effective technology to control BPH. The promoters and cis-regulatory elements inducible by plant-feeding insects are critical for genetic engineering of insect-resistant crops. RESULTS In this study, we cloned a promoter Ptps31 and a 7 bp cis-regulatory sequence that up-regulated downstream genes induced by BPH feeding. The promoter of OsTPS31 (Ptps31) unresponsive to physical damage but responsive to BPH feeding was cloned and functionally verified. The results showed that expression of the OsBPH14 gene driven by the promoter region from -510 to -246 bp in rice could significantly improve the resistance to BPH. The promoter region from -376 to -370 bp (TAGTGTC) was identified as a cis-regulatory sequence related to BPH feeding induction of downstream gene expression. CONCLUSION The findings provide a new promoter and a new cis-regulatory sequence tool for the research on and application of rice BPH resistance genes, as well as a new perspective for functional analysis of the OsTPS31 gene. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Chang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanpeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiemin Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Changxi Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weihua Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongjun Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Zeng T, Yu Q, Shang J, Xu Z, Zhou L, Li W, Li J, Hu H, Zhu L, Li J, Wang C. TcbHLH14 a Jasmonate Associated MYC2-like Transcription Factor Positively Regulates Pyrethrin Biosynthesis in Tanacetum cinerariifolium. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087379. [PMID: 37108541 PMCID: PMC10138541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural pyrethrins have high application value, and are widely used as a green pesticide in crop pest prevention and control. Pyrethrins are mainly extracted from the flower heads of Tanacetum cinerariifolium; however, the natural content is low. Therefore, it is essential to understand the regulatory mechanisms underlying the synthesis of pyrethrins through identification of key transcription factors. We identified a gene encoding a MYC2-like transcription factor named TcbHLH14 from T. cinerariifolium transcriptome, which is induced by methyl jasmonate. In the present study, we evaluated the regulatory effects and mechanisms of TcbHLH14 using expression analysis, a yeast one-hybrid assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and overexpression/virus-induced gene silencing experiments. We found that TcbHLH14 can directly bind to the cis-elements of the pyrethrins synthesis genes TcAOC and TcGLIP to activate their expression. The transient overexpression of TcbHLH14 enhanced expression of the TcAOC and TcGLIP genes. Conversely, transient silencing of TcbHLH14 downregulated the expression of TcAOC and TcGLIP and reduced the content of pyrethrins. In summary, these results indicate that the potential application of TcbHLH14 in improving the germplasm resources and provide a new insight into the regulatory network of pyrethrins biosynthesis of T. cinerariifolium to further inform the development of engineering strategies for increasing pyrethrins contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qin Yu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junzhong Shang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhizhuo Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Li Zhou
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jinjin Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hao Hu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liyong Zhu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiawen Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Caiyun Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Xu Z, Zeng T, Li J, Zhou L, Li J, Luo J, Zheng R, Wang Y, Hu H, Wang C. TcbZIP60 positively regulates pyrethrins biosynthesis in Tanacetum cinerariifolium. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1133912. [PMID: 36890888 PMCID: PMC9986458 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1133912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethrins, synthesized in the perennial plant Tanacetum cinerariifolium, are a class of terpene mixtures with high insecticidal activity and low human toxicity, which are widely used in plant-derived pesticides. Numerous studies have identified multiple pyrethrins biosynthesis enzymes, which can be enhanced by exogenous hormones such as methyl jasmonate (MeJA). However, the mechanism by which hormone signaling regulates pyrethrins biosynthesis and the potential involvement of certain transcription factors (TFs) remain unclear. In this study, we found that the expression level of a TF in T. cinerariifolium was significantly increased after treatment with plant hormones (MeJA, abscisic acid). Subsequent analysis identified this TF as a member of the basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) family and was thus named TcbZIP60. TcbZIP60 was localized in the nucleus, suggesting that it is involved in the transcription process. The expression profiles of TcbZIP60 were similar to those of pyrethrins synthesis genes in different flower organs and at different flowering stages. Furthermore, TcbZIP60 could directly bind to the E-box/G-box motifs in the promoters of the pyrethrins synthesis genes TcCHS and TcAOC to activate their expression. Transient overexpression of TcbZIP60 increased the expression levels of pyrethrins biosynthesis genes, leading to the significant accumulation of pyrethrins. Silencing of TcbZIP60 significantly downregulated pyrethrins accumulation and the expression of related genes. Overall, our results reveal a novel TF, TcbZIP60, that regulates both the terpenoid and jasmonic acid pathways of pyrethrins biosynthesis in T. cinerariifolium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhuo Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tuo Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiawen Li
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinjin Li
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Riru Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Hu, ; Caiyun Wang,
| | - Caiyun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Hu, ; Caiyun Wang,
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Zhou L, Li J, Zeng T, Xu Z, Luo J, Zheng R, Wang Y, Wang C. TcMYB8, a R3-MYB Transcription Factor, Positively Regulates Pyrethrin Biosynthesis in Tanacetum cinerariifolium. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012186. [PMID: 36293043 PMCID: PMC9602545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrethrins are a mixture of terpenes, with insecticidal properties, that accumulate in the aboveground parts of the pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium). Numerous studies have been published on the positive role of MYB transcription factors (TFs) in terpenoid biosynthesis; however, the role of MYB TFs in pyrethrin biosynthesis remains unknown. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of a T. cinerariifolium MYB gene encoding a R3-MYB protein, TcMYB8, containing a large number of hormone-responsive elements in its promoter. The expression of the TcMYB8 gene showed a downward trend during the development stage of flowers and leaves, and was induced by methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA), and abscisic acid (ABA). Transient overexpression of TcMYB8 enhanced the expression of key enzyme-encoding genes, TcCHS and TcGLIP, and increased the content of pyrethrins. By contrast, transient silencing of TcMYB8 decreased pyrethrin contents and downregulated TcCHS and TcGLIP expression. Further analysis indicated that TcMYB8 directly binds to cis-elements in proTcCHS and proTcGLIP to activate their expression, thus regulating pyrethrin biosynthesis. Together, these results highlight the potential application of TcMYB8 for improving the T. cinerariifolium germplasm, and provide insight into the pyrethrin biosynthesis regulation network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiawen Li
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tuo Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhizhuo Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Riru Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Caiyun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence:
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Identification and Expression Analysis of Chemosensory Genes in the Antennal Transcriptome of Chrysanthemum Aphid Macrosiphoniella sanborni. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13070597. [PMID: 35886773 PMCID: PMC9317607 DOI: 10.3390/insects13070597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The olfactory system is key for insects to receive external chemical signals, and various chemosensory genes are involved in this process. Thus, research focused on the olfactory mechanisms of insects can provide theoretical guidance for the development of effective green pest-control measures. In this study, an antennal transcriptome analysis of the chrysanthemum aphid (Macrosiphoniella sanborni) was conducted to identify putative chemosensory genes. The relative relationships of chemosensory genes between chrysanthemum aphids and other aphid species were analyzed. Then, the wing-specific and odor-specific expression profiles of these candidate genes were examined. This study contributes to our understanding of the olfactory system and lays the foundation for functional studies of the chemoreception mechanism in M. sanborni. Abstract As one of the most destructive oligophagous pests, the chrysanthemum aphid (Macrosiphoniella sanborni) has seriously restricted the sustainable development of the chrysanthemum industry. Olfaction plays a critical role in the environmental perception of aphids, but very little is currently known about the chemosensory mechanism of M. sanborni. In this study, four MsanOBPs, four MsanCSPs, eight MsanORs, two MsanIRs and one MsanSNMP were identified among the 28,323 unigenes derived from the antennal transcriptome bioinformatic analysis of M. sanborni adults. Then, comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of these olfactory-related proteins in different aphid species were performed using multiple sequence alignment. Subsequently, the odor-specific and wing-specific expression profiles of these candidate chemosensory genes were investigated using quantitative real-time PCR. The data showed that most of these chemosensory genes exhibited higher expression levels in alate aphids. Among them, MsanOBP9, MsanOR2, MsanOR4, MsanOR43b-1, MsanCSP1, MsanCSP2, MsanCSP4, MsanIR25a and MsanIR40a in alate aphids showed remarkably higher expression levels than in apterous aphids under the effect of the host plant volatiles, indicating that these genes may take part in the specific behaviors of alate adults, such as host recognition, oviposition site selection and so on. This study lays the groundwork for future research into the molecular mechanism of olfactory recognition in M. sanborni.
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Li J, Xu Z, Zeng T, Zhou L, Li J, Hu H, Luo J, Wang C. Overexpression of TcCHS Increases Pyrethrin Content When Using a Genotype-Independent Transformation System in Pyrethrum ( Tanacetum cinerariifolium). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11121575. [PMID: 35736726 PMCID: PMC9229838 DOI: 10.3390/plants11121575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) is one of the most important industrial crops for the extraction of pyrethrins, which are natural insecticidal compounds. Progress in pyrethrum molecular breeding with the objective of increasing pyrethrin content has been slow for lack of a suitable gene transfer system. Regeneration recalcitrance is a crucial barrier to establishing a genetic transformation system in pyrethrum. Therefore, in this study, an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system in pyrethrum was developed using shoot apical meristems from germinated seedlings. Factors affecting transformation efficiency were optimized. Optimal conditions included explants at the "no true leaf" stage with a half apical meristem, an Agrobacterium tumefaciens cell density of OD600 = 0.5, two days of cocultivation, and the incorporation of 1.5 mg L-1 6-BA and 30 mg L-1 kanamycin into the selection medium. Under the optimized conditions, two expression cassettes (proTcCHS-GUS and proRbcS-TcCHS) were successfully transformed into pyrethrum. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Southern blotting, reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), and histochemical staining confirmed the identity of proTcCHS-GUS transgenic plants. PCR and RT-qPCR analyses confirmed the identity of proRbcS-TcCHS transgenic plants. The transformation efficiency was 0.83% (5 transgenic lines/600 infected explants). The relative concentration of pyrethrins in proRbcS-TcCHS transformants (OX T0-1: 1.50% or OX T0-2: 1.24%) was higher than that in nontransformed plants (WT: 0.76%). Thus, the genetic transformation system overcame the low regeneration efficiency and integrated a foreign gene into the pyrethrum genome. The new system is a suitable and effective tool for creating high-yielding cultivars of pyrethrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Li
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (Z.X.); (T.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Zhizhuo Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (Z.X.); (T.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Tuo Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (Z.X.); (T.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (H.H.)
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (Z.X.); (T.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Jinjin Li
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (Z.X.); (T.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Hao Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (Z.X.); (T.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Jing Luo
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (Z.X.); (T.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (H.H.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Caiyun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (Z.X.); (T.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (H.H.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (C.W.)
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10
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Wang Y, Wen J, Liu L, Chen J, Wang C, Li Z, Wang G, Pichersky E, Xu H. Engineering of tomato type VI glandular trichomes for trans-chrysanthemic acid biosynthesis, the acid moiety of natural pyrethrin insecticides. Metab Eng 2022; 72:188-199. [PMID: 35339691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Glandular trichomes, known as metabolic cell factories, have been proposed as highly suitable for metabolically engineering the production of plant high-value specialized metabolites. Natural pyrethrins, found only in Dalmatian pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium), are insecticides with low mammalian toxicity and short environmental persistence. Type I pyrethrins are esters of the monoterpenoid trans-chrysanthemic acid with one of the three rethrolone-type alcohols. To test if glandular trichomes can be made to synthesize trans-chrysanthemic acid, we reconstructed its biosynthetic pathway in tomato type VI glandular trichomes, which produce large amounts of terpenoids that share the precursor dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) with this acid. This was achieved by coexpressing the trans-chrysanthemic acid pathway related genes including TcCDS encoding chrysanthemyl diphosphate synthase and the fusion gene of TcADH2 encoding the alcohol dehydrogenase 2 linked with TcALDH1 encoding the aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 under the control of a newly identified type VI glandular trichome-specific metallocarboxypeptidase inhibitor promoter. Whole tomato leaves harboring type VI glandular trichomes expressing all three aformentioned genes had a concentration of total trans-chrysanthemic acid that was about 1.5-fold higher (by mole number) than the levels of β-phellandrene, the dominant monoterpene present in non-transgenic leaves, while the levels of β-phellandrene and the representative sesquiterpene β-caryophyllene in transgenic leaves were reduced by 96% and 81%, respectively. These results suggest that the tomato type VI glandular trichome is an alternative platform for the biosynthesis of trans-chrysanthemic acid by metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Jing Wen
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Lang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Chu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Zhengguo Li
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Guodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
| | - Eran Pichersky
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Haiyang Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
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11
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Zeng T, Li JW, Xu ZZ, Zhou L, Li JJ, Yu Q, Luo J, Chan ZL, Jongsma MA, Hu H, Wang CY. TcMYC2 regulates Pyrethrin biosynthesis in Tanacetum cinerariifolium. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac178. [PMID: 36338845 PMCID: PMC9627524 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethrins constitute a class of terpene derivatives with high insecticidal activity and are mainly synthesized in the capitula of the horticulturally important plant, Tanacetum cinerariifolium. Treatment of T. cinerariifolium with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in the field induces pyrethrin biosynthesis, but the mechanism linking MeJA with pyrethrin biosynthesis remains unclear. In this study, we explored the transcription factors involved in regulating MeJA-induced pyrethrin biosynthesis. A single spray application of MeJA to T. cinerariifolium leaves rapidly upregulated the expression of most known pyrethrin biosynthesis genes and subsequently increased the total pyrethrin content in the leaf. A continuous 2-week MeJA treatment resulted in enhanced pyrethrin content and increased trichome density. TcMYC2, a key gene in jasmonate signaling, was screened at the transcriptome after MeJA treatment. TcMYC2 positively regulated expression of the pyrethrin biosynthesis genes TcCHS, TcAOC, and TcGLIP by directly binding to E-box/G-box motifs in the promoters. The stable overexpression of TcMYC2 in T. cinerariifolium hairy roots significantly increased the expression of TcAOC and TcGLIP. Further transient overexpression and viral-induced gene-silencing experiments demonstrated that TcMYC2 positively promoted pyrethrin biosynthesis. Collectively, the results reveal a novel molecular mechanism for MeJA-induced pyrethrin biosynthesis in T. cinerariifolium involving TcMYC2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhi-Zhuo Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jin-Jin Li
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jin Luo
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhu-Long Chan
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Maarten A Jongsma
- Business Unit Bioscience, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708, PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hao Hu
- Corresponding authors. E-mails: ;
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12
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Zeng T, Li JW, Zhou L, Xu ZZ, Li JJ, Hu H, Luo J, Zheng RR, Wang YY, Wang CY. Transcriptional Responses and GCMS Analysis for the Biosynthesis of Pyrethrins and Volatile Terpenes in Tanacetum coccineum. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313005. [PMID: 34884809 PMCID: PMC8657971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural pyrethrins have been widely used as natural pesticides due to their low mammalian toxicity and environmental friendliness. Previous studies have mainly focused on Tanacetumcinerariifolium, which contains high levels of pyrethrins and volatile terpenes that play significant roles in plant defense and pollination. However, there is little information on T. coccineum due to its lower pyrethrin content and low commercial value. In this study, we measured the transcriptome and metabolites of the leaves (L), flower buds (S1), and fully blossomed flowers (S4) of T. coccineum. The results show that the expression of pyrethrins and precursor terpene backbone genes was low in the leaves, and then rapidly increased in the S1 stage before decreasing again in the S4 stage. The results also show that pyrethrins primarily accumulated at the S4 stage. However, the content of volatile terpenes was consistently low. This perhaps suggests that, despite T. coccineum and T. cinerariifolium having similar gene expression patterns and accumulation of pyrethrins, T. coccineum attracts pollinators via its large and colorful flowers rather than via inefficient and metabolically expensive volatile terpenes, as in T. cinerariifolium. This is the first instance of de novo transcriptome sequencing reported for T. coccineum. The present results could provide insights into pyrethrin biosynthetic pathways and will be helpful for further understanding how plants balance the cost–benefit relationship between plant defense and pollination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Zeng
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jia-Wen Li
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
| | - Li Zhou
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
| | - Zhi-Zhuo Xu
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
| | - Jin-Jin Li
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
| | - Hao Hu
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
| | - Jing Luo
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
| | - Ri-Ru Zheng
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
| | - Cai-Yun Wang
- A Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (T.Z.); (J.-W.L.); (L.Z.); (Z.-Z.X.); (J.-J.L.); (H.H.); (J.L.); (R.-R.Z.); (Y.-Y.W.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Identification of multiple odorant receptors essential for pyrethrum repellency in Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009677. [PMID: 34237075 PMCID: PMC8291717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrethrum extract from dry flowers of Tanacetum cinerariifolium (formally Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium) has been used globally as a popular insect repellent against arthropod pests for thousands of years. However, the mechanistic basis of pyrethrum repellency remains unknown. In this study, we found that pyrethrum spatially repels and activates olfactory responses in Drosophila melanogaster, a genetically tractable model insect, and the closely-related D. suzukii which is a serious invasive fruit crop pest. The discovery of spatial pyrethrum repellency and olfactory response to pyrethrum in D. melanogaster facilitated our identification of four odorant receptors, Or7a, Or42b, Or59b and Or98a that are responsive to pyrethrum. Further analysis showed that the first three Ors are activated by pyrethrins, the major insecticidal components in pyrethrum, whereas Or98a is activated by (E)-β-farnesene (EBF), a sesquiterpene and a minor component in pyrethrum. Importantly, knockout of Or7a, Or59b or Or98a individually abolished fly avoidance to pyrethrum, while knockout of Or42b had no effect, demonstrating that simultaneous activation of Or7a, Or59b and Or98a is required for pyrethrum repellency in D. melanogaster. Our study provides insights into the molecular basis of repellency of one of the most ancient and globally used insect repellents. Identification of pyrethrum-responsive Ors opens the door to develop new synthetic insect repellent mixtures that are highly effective and broad-spectrum. Pyrethrum extract began to be used as an insect repellent against biting arthropods and blood-sucking mosquitoes since ancient times. However, the mechanisms underlying pyrethrum repellency remains unknown. In this study, we took advantage of Drosophila melanogaster as a model insect system for olfaction studies and conducted a series of electrophysiological, molecular genetic and behavioral experiments to understand the mechanism of pyrethrum repellency in D. melanogaster. We discovered that pyrethrum repels D. melanogaster by activating multiple odorant receptors (Ors). Apparently simultaneous activation of these Ors by various components in pyrethrum extract makes pyrethrum one of the most potent and the longest used insect repellents in the human history.
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14
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Liu F, Wang Q, Xu P, Andreazza F, Valbon WR, Bandason E, Chen M, Yan R, Feng B, Smith LB, Scott JG, Takamatsu G, Ihara M, Matsuda K, Klimavicz J, Coats J, Oliveira EE, Du Y, Dong K. A dual-target molecular mechanism of pyrethrum repellency against mosquitoes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2553. [PMID: 33953207 PMCID: PMC8099882 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22847-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyrethrum extracts from flower heads of Chrysanthemum spp. have been used worldwide in insecticides and repellents. While the molecular mechanisms of its insecticidal action are known, the molecular basis of pyrethrum repellency remains a mystery. In this study, we find that the principal components of pyrethrum, pyrethrins, and a minor component, (E)-β-farnesene (EBF), each activate a specific type of olfactory receptor neurons in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. We identify Ae. aegypti odorant receptor 31 (AaOr31) as a cognate Or for EBF and find that Or31-mediated repellency is significantly synergized by pyrethrin-induced activation of voltage-gated sodium channels. Thus, pyrethrum exerts spatial repellency through a novel, dual-target mechanism. Elucidation of this two-target mechanism may have potential implications in the design and development of a new generation of synthetic repellents against major mosquito vectors of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Felipe Andreazza
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.,Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wilson R Valbon
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.,Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth Bandason
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Mengli Chen
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ru Yan
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Feng
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Institute of Health and Environment, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Leticia B Smith
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey G Scott
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Genki Takamatsu
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan
| | - Makoto Ihara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Matsuda
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan
| | - James Klimavicz
- Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Joel Coats
- Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Eugenio E Oliveira
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Yuzhe Du
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. .,Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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15
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Dardouri T, Gomez L, Ameline A, Costagliola G, Schoeny A, Gautier H. Non-host volatiles disturb the feeding behavior and reduce the fecundity of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:1705-1713. [PMID: 33200872 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of crops of value with companion plants could be one of the strategies to reduce the harmful effects of pests. We hypothesize that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by some aromatic plants may negatively impact M. persicae, disturbing its feeding behavior and consequently its reproduction. RESULTS VOCs emitted from six potential companion plant species affected the reproduction of M. persicae feeding on pepper plants, Capsicum annuum. Reproduction of M. persicae was reduced when exposed to VOCs from leaves of Ocimum basilicum and flowers of Tagetes patula. Thus, species and phenology of the companion plant can influence the effect. The VOCs from O. basilicum and T. patula also reduced phloem feeding by the aphids based on electropenetrography (EPG). CONCLUSION The reduced fecundity of M. persicae could be linked to aphid feeding disruption provoked by the VOCs emitted by O. basilicum in the vegetative stage or T. patula cv. Nana in the flowering stage. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Dardouri
- UR1115 PSH Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles, INRAE, Avignon, France
| | - Laurent Gomez
- UR1115 PSH Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles, INRAE, Avignon, France
| | - Arnaud Ameline
- UMR CNRS 7058 EDYSAN (Écologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Guy Costagliola
- UR1115 PSH Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles, INRAE, Avignon, France
| | | | - Hélène Gautier
- UR1115 PSH Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles, INRAE, Avignon, France
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16
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Lybrand DB, Xu H, Last RL, Pichersky E. How Plants Synthesize Pyrethrins: Safe and Biodegradable Insecticides. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:1240-1251. [PMID: 32690362 PMCID: PMC7677217 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Natural pyrethrin insecticides produced by Dalmatian pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) have low mammalian toxicity and short environmental persistence, providing an alternative to widely used synthetic agricultural insecticides that pose a threat to human health and the environment. A recent surge of interest in the use of pyrethrins as agricultural insecticides coincides with the discovery of several new genes in the pyrethrin biosynthetic pathway. Elucidation of this pathway facilitates efforts to breed improved pyrethrum varieties and to engineer plants with improved endogenous defenses or hosts for heterologous pyrethrin production. We describe the current state of knowledge related to global pyrethrum production, the pyrethrin biosynthetic pathway and its regulation, and recent efforts to engineer the pyrethrin pathway in diverse plant hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Lybrand
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Haiyang Xu
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Robert L Last
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Eran Pichersky
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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17
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Zhang L, Lu G, Huang X, Guo H, Su X, Han L, Zhang Y, Qi Z, Xiao Y, Cheng H. Overexpression of the caryophyllene synthase gene GhTPS1 in cotton negatively affects multiple pests while attracting parasitoids. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:1722-1730. [PMID: 31762173 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Volatile terpenes can act as ecological signals to affect insect behavior. It has been proposed that the manipulation of terpenes in plants can help to control herbivore pests. In order to investigate the potential pest management function of (E)-β-caryophyllene in cotton plants, the (E)-β-caryophyllene synthase gene (GhTPS1) was inserted into Gossypium hirsutum variety R15 to generate overexpression lines. RESULTS Four GhTPS1-transgenic lines were generated, and GhTPS1 expression in transgenic L18 and L46 lines was 3-5-fold higher than in R15 plants. The transgenic L18 and L46 lines also emitted significantly more (E)-β-caryophyllene than R15. In laboratory bioassays, L18 and L46 plants reduced pests Apolygus lucorum, Aphis gossypii and Helicoverpa armigera, and attracted parasitoids Peristenus spretus and Aphidius gifuensis, but not Microplitis mediator. In open-field trials, L18 and L46 plants reduced A. lucorum, Adelphocoris suturalis and H. armigera, but had no significant effects on predators. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that L18 and L46 plants reduce several major hemipteran and lepidopteran cotton pests, whereas, two parasitoids P. spretus and A. gifuensis, were attracted by L18 and L46 plants. This study shows that overexpressing GhTPS1 in cotton may help to improve pest management in cotton fields. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Guoqing Lu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzheng Huang
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiming Guo
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Su
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lida Han
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Qi
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yutao Xiao
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongmei Cheng
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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18
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Bouwmeester H, Schuurink RC, Bleeker PM, Schiestl F. The role of volatiles in plant communication. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 100:892-907. [PMID: 31410886 PMCID: PMC6899487 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Volatiles mediate the interaction of plants with pollinators, herbivores and their natural enemies, other plants and micro-organisms. With increasing knowledge about these interactions the underlying mechanisms turn out to be increasingly complex. The mechanisms of biosynthesis and perception of volatiles are slowly being uncovered. The increasing scientific knowledge can be used to design and apply volatile-based agricultural strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harro Bouwmeester
- University of AmsterdamSwammerdam Institute for Life SciencesGreen Life Science research clusterScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Robert C. Schuurink
- University of AmsterdamSwammerdam Institute for Life SciencesGreen Life Science research clusterScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Petra M. Bleeker
- University of AmsterdamSwammerdam Institute for Life SciencesGreen Life Science research clusterScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Florian Schiestl
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary BotanyUniversity of ZürichZollikerstrasse 107CH‐8008ZürichSwitzerland
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19
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The Power of Electropenetrography in Enhancing Our Understanding of Host Plant-Vector Interactions. INSECTS 2019; 10:insects10110407. [PMID: 31731698 PMCID: PMC6920982 DOI: 10.3390/insects10110407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The invasive Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae), is the primary vector of the phloem-infecting bacterium, Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. Candidatus L. asiaticus is the putative causal agent of Huanglongbing (HLB) disease, a destructive disease of Citrus. While many Citrus species are susceptible to D. citri probing and HLB disease, there are marked behavioral differences in D. citri probing responses and Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus infection severity among Citrus species. Using four mandarin hybrid selections and pummelo plants variably resistant to D. citri probing, oviposition, and survival, we explored probing differences using electropenetrography (EPG), conducted an oviposition and survival study, and determined host plant metabolites using gas-chromatography mass-spectroscopy (GC-MS). We found thirty-seven D. citri probing variables to be significantly different among tested mandarin selections and pummelo, in addition to differential oviposition and survivorship abilities on tested plants. We found sixty-three leaf metabolites with eight being significantly different among tested mandarin selections and pummelo. Detailed analysis of probing behavior, oviposition, survivorship, and host plant metabolite concentrations reveals the complex, layered resistance mechanisms utilized by resistant Citrus against D. citri probing. EPG is a powerful technology for screening Asian citrus psyllid resistant Citrus to elucidate host plant-vector interactions, with an aim to minimize vector probing and eliminate the spread of the bacterial pathogen, Ca. L. asiaticus.
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20
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An C, Sheng L, Du X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Song A, Jiang J, Guan Z, Fang W, Chen F, Chen S. Overexpression of CmMYB15 provides chrysanthemum resistance to aphids by regulating the biosynthesis of lignin. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2019; 6:84. [PMID: 31645945 PMCID: PMC6804602 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-019-0166-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
MYB transcription factors are widely involved in the development of and physiological processes in plants. Here, we isolated the chrysanthemum R2R3-MYB family transcription factor CmMYB15, a homologous gene of AtMYB15. It was demonstrated that CmMYB15 expression was induced by aphids and that CmMYB15 could bind to AC elements, which usually exist in the promoter of lignin biosynthesis genes. Overexpression of CmMYB15 in chrysanthemum enhanced the resistance of aphids. Additionally, the content of lignin and the expression of several lignin biosynthesis genes increased. In summary, the results indicate that CmMYB15 regulates lignin biosynthesis genes that enhance the resistance of chrysanthemum to aphids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong An
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Liping Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Xinping Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yinjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Aiping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Zhiyong Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Weimin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Fadi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Sumei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, the Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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21
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Jakobs R, Müller C. Volatile, stored and phloem exudate-located compounds represent different appearance levels affecting aphid niche choice. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 159:1-10. [PMID: 30530039 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Intraspecific and intra-individual differences in emitted volatile compounds and in surface and phloem sap-related metabolites do not only affect host plant choice of monophagous aphids but may also guide them to the plant part that provides their ideal niche by maximising their fitness. However, little is known about the variation at these different plant appearance levels. We investigated the preferences of the monophagous aphid species Macrosiphoniella tancetaria and Uroleucon tanaceti for different plant parts (inflorescence stems, young and old leaves) of Tanacetum vulgare plants from two chemotypes, testing their reactions towards volatile, surface and phloem sap-related cues. Furthermore, we studied the variation in leaf glandular trichome density as well as in the composition of volatile, stored and phloem exudate-located specialised (secondary) plant compounds from the different plant parts of these chemotypes. Aphid species showed differences in their preferences. Aphids of M. tanacetaria had to assess the entire plant to choose the stem, whereas U. tanaceti only needed volatile cues to locate the old leaves, which are the plant parts representing their respective niches. Volatiles and stored metabolites varied in their composition and concentration between chemotypes. Stored metabolites additionally differed among plant parts, which was reflected in distinct trichome densities. The composition of phloem exudate-located specialised compounds mostly varied among plant parts. These pronounced differences in plant chemistry on multiple levels provide distinct perception levels for aphids probably driving their niche choice. This study demonstrates the importance to consider these multiple levels to elucidate plant-herbivore interactions with high resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Jakobs
- Department of Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Caroline Müller
- Department of Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
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22
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Jakobs R, Schweiger R, Müller C. Aphid infestation leads to plant part-specific changes in phloem sap chemistry, which may indicate niche construction. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 221:503-514. [PMID: 30040116 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Phloem sap quality can differ between and within plants, and affect the performance of aphids. In turn, aphid infestation may change the chemical composition and nutritional value of phloem sap. However, the effects of different aphid species on the overall phloem sap composition of distinct parts within plant individuals in relation to aphid performance remain unclear. To test the specificity of plant responses to aphids, we used two chemotypes of Tanacetum vulgare plants and placed the monophagous aphids Macrosiphoniella tanacetaria and Uroleucon tanaceti on different plant parts (stems close to the inflorescence, young and old leaves). Aphid population growth was determined and sugars, organic acids, amino acids and metabolic fingerprints of phloem exudates were analysed. Macrosiphoniella tanacetaria performed best on stems, whereas U. tanaceti performed best on old leaves, indicating differences in niche conformance. Aphid infestation led to distinct changes in the phloem exudate composition of distinct metabolite classes, differing particularly between plant parts but less between chemotypes. In summary, plant responses to aphids are highly specific for the chemotype, plant part, metabolite class and aphid species. These changes may indicate that aphids construct their own niche, optimizing the food quality on the plant parts they prefer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Jakobs
- Department of Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Rabea Schweiger
- Department of Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Caroline Müller
- Department of Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
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