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Wang Y, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Hua B, Liu J, Miao M. Source leaves are regulated by sink strengths through non-coding RNAs and alternative polyadenylation in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:812. [PMID: 39198785 PMCID: PMC11360537 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05416-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The yield of major crops is generally limited by sink capacity and source strength. Cucumber is a typical raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs)-transporting crop. Non-coding RNAs and alternative polyadenylation (APA) play important roles in the regulation of growth process in plants. However, their roles on the sink‒source regulation have not been demonstrated in RFOs-translocating species. RESULTS Here, whole-transcriptome sequencing was applied to compare the leaves of cucumber under different sink strength, that is, no fruit-carrying leaves (NFNLs) and fruit-carrying leaves (FNLs) at 12th node from the bottom. The results show that 1101 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs, 79 DE long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and 23 DE miRNAs were identified, which were enriched in photosynthesis, energy production and conversion, plant hormone signal transduction, starch and carbohydrate metabolism and protein synthesis pathways. Potential co-expression networks like, DE lncRNAs-DE mRNAs/ DE miRNAs-DE mRNAs, and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulation models (DE lncRNAs-DE miRNAs-DE mRNAs) associated with sink‒source allocation, were constructed. Furthermore, 37 and 48 DE genes, which enriched in MAPK signaling and plant hormone signal transduction pathway, exist differentially APA, and SPS (CsaV3_2G033300), GBSS1 (CsaV3_5G001560), ERS1 (CsaV3_7G029600), PNO1 (CsaV3_3G003950) and Myb (CsaV3_3G022290) may be regulated by both ncRNAs and APA between FNLs and NFNLs, speculating that ncRNAs and APA are involved in the regulation of gene expression of cucumber sink‒source carbon partitioning. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal a comprehensive network among mRNAs, ncRNAs, and APA in cucumber sink-source relationships. Our findings also provide valuable information for further research on the molecular mechanism of ncRNA and APA to enhance cucumber yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudan Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Jiangsu Yanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Nantong, 226541, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Bing Hua
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jiexia Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Minmin Miao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Li J, He C, Liu S, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Zhou X, Xu D, Luo X, Liu H, Yang X, Wang Y, Shi J, Yang B, Wang J, Wang P, Deng X, Sun C. Research progress and application strategies of sugar transport mechanisms in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1454615. [PMID: 39233915 PMCID: PMC11371564 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1454615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
In plants, carbohydrates are central products of photosynthesis. Rice is a staple that contributes to the daily calorie intake for over half of the world's population. Hence, the primary objective of rice cultivation is to maximize carbohydrate production. The "source-sink" theory is proposed as a valuable principle for guiding crop breeding. However, the "flow" research lag, especially in sugar transport, has hindered high-yield rice breeding progress. This review concentrates on the genetic and molecular foundations of sugar transport and its regulation, enhancing the fundamental understanding of sugar transport processes in plants. We illustrate that the apoplastic pathway is predominant over the symplastic pathway during phloem loading in rice. Sugar transport proteins, such as SUTs and SWEETs, are essential carriers for sugar transportation in the apoplastic pathway. Additionally, we have summarized a regulatory pathway for sugar transport genes in rice, highlighting the roles of transcription factors (OsDOF11, OsNF-YB1, OsNF-YC12, OsbZIP72, Nhd1), OsRRM (RNA Recognition Motif containing protein), and GFD1 (Grain Filling Duration 1). Recognizing that the research shortfall in this area stems from a lack of advanced research methods, we discuss cutting-edge analytical techniques such as Mass Spectrometry Imaging and single-cell RNA sequencing, which could provide profound insights into the dynamics of sugar distribution and the associated regulatory mechanisms. In summary, this comprehensive review serves as a valuable guide, directing researchers toward a deep understanding and future study of the intricate mechanisms governing sugar transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changcai He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shihang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuting Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lanjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Agricultural Science, Panxi Crops Research and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Xichang University, Liangshan, China
| | - Jun Shi
- Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Crop Characteristic Resources Creation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang, China
| | - Bin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pingrong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojian Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changhui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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3
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Liu H, Liu J, Si X, Zhang S, Zhang L, Tong X, Yu X, Jiang X, Cheng Y. Sugar Transporter HmSWEET8 Cooperates with HmSTP1 to Enhance Powdery Mildew Susceptibility in Heracleum moellendorffii Hance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2302. [PMID: 39204738 PMCID: PMC11360598 DOI: 10.3390/plants13162302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The powdery mildew caused by Eeysiphe heraclei is a serious concern in Heracleum moellendorffii Hance. Therefore, exploring the mechanisms underlying sugar efflux from host cells to the fungus during the plant-fungus interaction showed great significance. The study successfully cloned HmSWEET8 and HmSTP1 genes based on RNA-seq technology. The complementation assays in yeast EBY.VW4000 found HmSWEET8 and HmSTP1 transporting hexose. Over-expressing or silencing HmSWEET8 in H. moellendorffii leaves increased or decreased powdery mildew susceptibility by changing glucose concentration in infective sites. Meanwhile, over-expressing HmSTP1 in H. moellendorffii leaves also increased powdery mildew susceptibility by elevating the glucose content of infective areas. Additionally, HmSTP1 expression was up-regulated obviously in HmSWEET8 over-expressed plants and inhibited significantly in HmSWEET8 silenced plants. Co-expressing HmSWEET8 and HmSTP1 genes significantly increased powdery mildew susceptibility compared with over-expressed HmSWEET8 or HmSTP1 plants alone. The results demonstrated that HmSTP1 may assist with HmSWEET8 to promote E. heraclei infection. Consequently, the infection caused by E. heraclei resulted in the activation of HmSWEET8, leading to an increased transfer of glucose to the apoplasmic spaces at the sites of infection, then, HmSTP1 facilitated the transport of glucose into host cells, promoting powdery mildew infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbing Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (H.L.); (J.L.); (X.S.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (X.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Afairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Junxia Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (H.L.); (J.L.); (X.S.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (X.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Afairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaohui Si
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (H.L.); (J.L.); (X.S.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (X.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Afairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shuhong Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (H.L.); (J.L.); (X.S.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (X.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Afairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Xuejiao Tong
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (H.L.); (J.L.); (X.S.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (X.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Afairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xihong Yu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (H.L.); (J.L.); (X.S.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (X.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Afairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xinmei Jiang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (H.L.); (J.L.); (X.S.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (X.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Afairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yao Cheng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (H.L.); (J.L.); (X.S.); (S.Z.); (X.T.); (X.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Afairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Liu Z, Shen C, Chen R, Fu Z, Deng X, Xi R. Combination of transcriptomic, biochemical, and physiological analyses reveals sugar metabolism in Camellia drupifera fruit at different developmental stages. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1424284. [PMID: 39193210 PMCID: PMC11347353 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1424284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Camellia drupifera, a significant woody oil crop in southern China, produces oil from its fruit seeds. Understanding sugar metabolism enzyme regulation is crucial for sugar accumulation and oil synthesis in fruit organs. This study examines the dynamic changes in sugar metabolism across four developmental stages of C. drupifera fruits, from rapid fruit enlargement to oil conversion. We analyzed sugar content, enzyme activity, and transcriptomic data to identify key periods and mechanisms involved in sugar metabolism. Our findings indicate that photosynthetic products are rapidly transported from leaves to fruit organs after synthesis, with transport efficiency decreasing significantly after 48 hours. September was identified as a critical period for oil conversion, during which the highest sucrose levels and SuSy-II enzyme activity were detected in the kernels. A positive correlation was found between high expression of ten genes related to sugar metabolism enzymes and sugar transport proteins and sucrose content. Notably, the expression levels of c158337.graph_c0 (SPS), c166323.graph_c0 (SuSy), c159295.graph_c0 (SUC2-like), and c156402.graph_c0 (SUC2-like) significantly increased during the oil conversion phase.These findings provide a crucial theoretical foundation for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of sugar metabolism in C. drupifera fruits, offering insights that could enhance its economic yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhui Shen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruifan Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Fu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Deng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruchun Xi
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou, China
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Zeng R, Chen T, Li X, Cao J, Li J, Xu X, Zhang L, Chen Y. Integrated physiological, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal the mechanism of peanut kernel weight reduction under waterlogging stress. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:3198-3214. [PMID: 38722055 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Waterlogging stress (WS) hinders kernel development and directly reduces peanut yield; however, the mechanism of kernel filling in response to WS remains unknown. The waterlogging-sensitive variety Huayu 39 was subjected to WS for 3 days at 7 days after the gynophores touched the ground (DAG). We found that WS affected kernel filling at 14, 21, and 28 DAG. WS decreased the average filling rate and kernel dry weight, while transcriptome sequencing and widely targeted metabolomic analysis revealed that WS inhibited the gene expression in starch and sucrose metabolism, which reduced sucrose input and transformation ability. Additionally, genes related to ethylene and melatonin synthesis and the accumulation of tryptophan and methionine were upregulated in response to WS. WS upregulated the expression of the gene encoding tryptophan decarboxylase (AhTDC), and overexpression of AhTDC in Arabidopsis significantly reduced the seed length, width, and weight. Therefore, WS reduced the kernel-filling rate, leading to a reduction in the 100-kernel weight. This survey informs the development of measures that alleviate the negative impact of WS on peanut yield and quality and provides a basis for exploring high-yield and high-quality cultivation, molecular-assisted breeding, and waterlogging prevention in peanut farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruier Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueyu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Cao L, Wang J, Wang L, Liu H, Wu W, Hou F, Liu Y, Gao Y, Cheng X, Li S, Xing G. Genome-wide analysis of the SWEET gene family in Hemerocallis citrina and functional characterization of HcSWEET4a in response to salt stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:661. [PMID: 38987684 PMCID: PMC11238388 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05376-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Sugars will be eventually effluxed transporters (SWEETs) have been confirmed to play diverse physiological roles in plant growth, development and stress response. However, the characteristics and functions of the SWEET genes in Hemerocallis citrina remain unclear and poorly elucidated. In this study, the whole genome of Hemerocallis citrina was utilized to conduct bioinformatics analysis and a total of 19 HcSWEET genes were successfully identified. Analysis of the physicochemical properties indicated dominant differences among these HcSWEETs. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that HcSWEET proteins can be divided into 4 clades ranging from Clade I to IV, where proteins within the same clade exhibited shared conserved motifs and gene structures. Five to six exons were contained in the majority of HcSWEET genes, which were unevenly distributed across 11 chromosomes. The gene duplication analysis showed the presence of 4 gene pairs. Comparative syntenic maps revealed that the HcSWEET gene family might present more closed homology in monocotyledons than dicotyledons. Cis-acting element analysis of HcSWEET genes indicated key responsiveness to various hormones, light, and stresses. Additionally, transcriptome sequencing analysis suggested that most HcSWEET genes had a relatively higher expression in roots, and HcSWEET4a was significantly up-regulated under salt stress. Overexpression further verified the possibility that HcSWEET4a was involved in response to salt stress, which provides novel insights and facilitates in-depth studies of the functional analysis of HcSWEETs in resistance to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Cao
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Jinyao Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Lixuan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Huili Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Wenjing Wu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Feifan Hou
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Yuting Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Yang Gao
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Xiaojing Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China
| | - Sen Li
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China.
- Datong Daylily Industrial Development Research Institute, Datong, 037000, China.
| | - Guoming Xing
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Jinzhong, China.
- Datong Daylily Industrial Development Research Institute, Datong, 037000, China.
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Xia P, Zhou S, Zhao X, Zhao C. Characterization and Expression Analysis of Sugar Transporters through Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) Revealed Their Role in Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1825. [PMID: 38999665 PMCID: PMC11243835 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the most important economic crops in the world. By controlling the transport and distribution of photosynthetic products between cells and organs, sugar transporters are widely involved in growth and development, environmental adaptation, and microbial interactions. The present study was carried out at the genome-wide level to systematically characterize sugar transporters. As a result, 50 MST, 3 SUT, and 29 SWEET genes were identified and classified. The expression pattern of sugar transporters in pepper was analyzed by transcriptomic data. The expression properties of sugar transporters were further explored in pepper varieties with significant differences in weight, shape, and pungency. It was shown that the pepper sugar transporter genes had obvious spatiotemporal specific expression characteristics and exhibited variety-specific expression preferences. We focus on analyzing candidate genes that may be involved in fruit development and expansion. We further explore the response of pepper sugar transporters to adversity stress using a structural equation model. Finally, we found that the MST, SUT, and SWEET families are collectively involved in balancing pepper resistance to abiotic stress by coordinating the expression strengths of different family members. Our study may contribute to the functional study of pepper sugar transporter genes and create the prospect of utilizing sugar transporter gene resources to improve pepper variety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Xia
- Faculty of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Shiyong Zhou
- Faculty of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zhao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Changling Zhao
- Faculty of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
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8
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Du B, Cao Y, Zhou J, Chen Y, Ye Z, Huang Y, Zhao X, Zou X, Zhang L. Sugar import mediated by sugar transporters and cell wall invertases for seed development in Camellia oleifera. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae133. [PMID: 38974190 PMCID: PMC11226869 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Seed development and yield depend on the transport and supply of sugar. However, an insufficient supply of nutrients from maternal tissues to embryos results in seed abortion and yield reduction in Camellia oleifera. In this study, we systematically examined the route and regulatory mechanisms of sugar import into developing C. oleifera seeds using a combination of histological observations, transcriptome profiling, and functional analysis. Labelling with the tracer carboxyfluorescein revealed a symplasmic route in the integument and an apoplasmic route for postphloem transport at the maternal-filial interface. Enzymatic activity and histological observation showed that at early stages [180-220 days after pollination (DAP)] of embryo differentiation, the high hexose/sucrose ratio was primarily mediated by acid invertases, and the micropylar endosperm/suspensor provides a channel for sugar import. Through Camellia genomic profiling, we identified three plasma membrane-localized proteins including CoSWEET1b, CoSWEET15, and CoSUT2 and one tonoplast-localized protein CoSWEET2a in seeds and verified their ability to transport various sugars via transformation in yeast mutants and calli. In situ hybridization and profiling of glycometabolism-related enzymes further demonstrated that CoSWEET15 functions as a micropylar endosperm-specific gene, together with the cell wall acid invertase CoCWIN9, to support early embryo development, while CoSWEET1b, CoSWEET2a, and CoSUT2 function at transfer cells and chalazal nucellus coupled with CoCWIN9 and CoCWIN11 responsible for sugar entry in bulk into the filial tissue. Collectively, our findings provide the first comprehensive evidence of the molecular regulation of sugar import into and within C. oleifera seeds and provide a new target for manipulating seed development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingshuai Du
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yibo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhihua Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yiming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinhui Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
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Singh J, James D, Das S, Patel MK, Sutar RR, Achary VMM, Goel N, Gupta KJ, Reddy MK, Jha G, Sonti RV, Foyer CH, Thakur JK, Tripathy BC. Co-overexpression of SWEET sucrose transporters modulates sucrose synthesis and defence responses to enhance immunity against bacterial blight in rice. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2578-2596. [PMID: 38533652 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Enhancing carbohydrate export from source to sink tissues is considered to be a realistic approach for improving photosynthetic efficiency and crop yield. The rice sucrose transporters OsSUT1, OsSWEET11a and OsSWEET14 contribute to sucrose phloem loading and seed filling. Crucially, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) infection in rice enhances the expression of OsSWEET11a and OsSWEET14 genes, and causes leaf blight. Here we show that co-overexpression of OsSUT1, OsSWEET11a and OsSWEET14 in rice reduced sucrose synthesis and transport leading to lower growth and yield but reduced susceptibility to Xoo relative to controls. The immunity-related hypersensitive response (HR) was enhanced in the transformed lines as indicated by the increased expression of defence genes, higher salicylic acid content and presence of HR lesions on the leaves. The results suggest that the increased expression of OsSWEET11a and OsSWEET14 in rice is perceived as a pathogen (Xoo) attack that triggers HR and results in constitutive activation of plant defences that are related to the signalling pathways of pathogen starvation. These findings provide a mechanistic basis for the trade-off between plant growth and immunity because decreased susceptibility against Xoo compromised plant growth and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Donald James
- Forest Biotechnology Department, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Shubhashis Das
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Manish Kumar Patel
- Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | | | | | - Naveen Goel
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Malireddy K Reddy
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Gopaljee Jha
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh V Sonti
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Jitendra Kumar Thakur
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Baishnab C Tripathy
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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10
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Weigle AT, Shukla D. Interplay between phosphorylation and oligomerization tunes the conformational ensemble of SWEET transporters. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.12.598708. [PMID: 38915650 PMCID: PMC11195267 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.12.598708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
SWEET sugar transporters are desirable biotechnological targets for improving plant growth. One engineering strategy includes modulating how SWEET transporters are regulated. Phosphorylation and oligomerization have been shown to positively regulate SWEET function, leading to increased sugar transport activity. However, constitutive phosphorylation may not be beneficial to plant health under basal conditions. Structural and mechanistic understanding of the interplay between phosphorylation and oligomerization in functional regulation of SWEETs remains limited. Using extensive molecular dynamics simulations coupled with Markov state models, we demonstrate the thermodynamic and kinetic effects of SWEET phosphorylation and oligomerization using OsSWEET2b as a model. We report that the beneficial effects of these SWEET regulatory mechanisms bias outward-facing states and improved extracellular gating, which complement published experimental findings. Our results offer molecular insights to SWEET regulation and may guide engineering strategies throughout the SWEET transport family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin T. Weigle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Diwakar Shukla
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
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11
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Asad MAU, Yan Z, Zhou L, Guan X, Cheng F. How abiotic stresses trigger sugar signaling to modulate leaf senescence? PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108650. [PMID: 38653095 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Plants have evolved the adaptive capacity to mitigate the negative effect of external adversities at chemical, molecular, cellular, and physiological levels. This capacity is conferred by triggering the coordinated action of internal regulatory factors, in which sugars play an essential role in the regulating chloroplast degradation and leaf senescence under various stresses. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on the senescent-associated changes in carbohydrate metabolism and its relation to chlorophyl degradation, oxidative damage, photosynthesis inhibition, programmed cell death (PCD), and sink-source relation as affected by abiotic stresses. The action of sugar signaling in regulating the initiation and progression of leaf senescence under abiotic stresses involves interactions with various plant hormones, reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst, and protein kinases. This discussion aims to elucidate the complex regulatory network and molecular mechanisms that underline sugar-induced leaf senescence in response to various abiotic stresses. The imperative role of sugar signaling in regulating plant stress responses potentially enables the production of crop plants with modified sugar metabolism. This, in turn, may facilitate the engineering of plants with improved stress responses, optimal life span and higher yield achievement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhmmad Asad Ullah Asad
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhang Yan
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lujian Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xianyue Guan
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fangmin Cheng
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre for Modern Crop Production Co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Nanjing, China.
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12
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Tang R, Yang Y, Ji C, Su Y, Jiao B, Yuan B, Yang X, Xi D. MiR827 positively regulates the resistance to chilli veinal mottle virus by affecting the expression of FBPase in Nicotiana benthamiana. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14375. [PMID: 38837224 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNA(miRNA) is a class of non-coding small RNA that plays an important role in plant growth, development, and response to environmental stresses. Unlike most miRNAs, which usually target homologous genes across a variety of species, miR827 targets different types of genes in different species. Research on miR827 mainly focuses on its role in regulating phosphate (Pi) homeostasis of plants, however, little is known about its function in plant response to virus infection. In the present study, miR827 was significantly upregulated in the recovery tissue of virus-infected Nicotiana tabacum. Overexpression of miR827 could improve plants resistance to the infection of chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV) in Nicotiana benthamiana, whereas interference of miR827 increased the susceptibility of the virus-infected plants. Further experiments indicated that the antiviral defence regulated by miR827 was associated with the reactive oxygen species and salicylic acid signalling pathways. Then, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) was identified to be a target of miR827, and virus infection could affect the expression of FBPase. Finally, transient expression of FBPase increased the susceptibility to ChiVMV-GFP infection in N. benthamiana. By contrast, silencing of FBPase increased plant resistance. Taken together, our results demonstrate that miR827 plays a positive role in tobacco response to virus infection, thus providing new insights into understanding the role of miR827 in plant-virus interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxia Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yufan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yanshan Su
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Bolei Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Bowen Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoya Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Dehui Xi
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
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13
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Zhu Y, Tian Y, Han S, Wang J, Liu Y, Yin J. Structure, evolution, and roles of SWEET proteins in growth and stress responses in plants. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130441. [PMID: 38417760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are exported by the SWEET family of transporters, which is a novel class of carriers that can transport sugars across cell membranes and facilitate sugar's long-distance transport from source to sink organs in plants. SWEETs play crucial roles in a wide range of physiologically important processes by regulating apoplastic and symplastic sugar concentrations. These processes include host-pathogen interactions, abiotic stress responses, and plant growth and development. In the present review, we (i) describe the structure and organization of SWEETs in the cell membrane, (ii) discuss the roles of SWEETs in sugar loading and unloading processes, (iii) identify the distinct functions of SWEETs in regulating plant growth and development including flower, fruit, and seed development, (iv) shed light on the importance of SWEETs in modulating abiotic stress resistance, and (v) describe the role of SWEET genes during plant-pathogen interaction. Finally, several perspectives regarding future investigations for improving the understanding of sugar-mediated plant defenses are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China; Spice Crops Research Institute, College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- Spice Crops Research Institute, College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China
| | - Shuo Han
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China.
| | - Jie Wang
- Spice Crops Research Institute, College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China.
| | - Yiqing Liu
- Spice Crops Research Institute, College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China
| | - Junliang Yin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China.
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14
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Li Y, Fu M, Li J, Wu J, Shua Z, Chen T, Yao W, Huai D. Genome-wide identification of SWEET genes reveals their roles during seed development in peanuts. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:259. [PMID: 38454335 PMCID: PMC10921654 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10173-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Sugar Will Eventually be Exported Transporter (SWEET) proteins are highly conserved in various organisms and play crucial roles in sugar transport processes. However, SWEET proteins in peanuts, an essential leguminous crop worldwide, remain lacking in systematic characterization. Here, we identified 94 SWEET genes encoding the conservative MtN3/saliva domains in three peanut species, including 47 in Arachis hypogea, 23 in Arachis duranensis, and 24 in Arachis ipaensis. We observed significant variations in the exon-intron structure of these genes, while the motifs and domain structures remained highly conserved. Phylogenetic analysis enabled us to categorize the predicted 286 SWEET proteins from eleven species into seven distinct groups. Whole genome duplication/segment duplication and tandem duplication were the primary mechanisms contributing to the expansion of the total number of SWEET genes. In addition, an investigation of cis-elements in the potential promoter regions and expression profiles across 22 samples uncovered the diverse expression patterns of AhSWEET genes in peanuts. AhSWEET24, with the highest expression level in seeds from A. hypogaea Tifrunner, was observed to be localized on both the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Moreover, qRT-PCR results suggested that twelve seed-expressed AhSWEET genes were important in the regulation of seed development across four different peanut varieties. Together, our results provide a foundational basis for future investigations into the functions of SWEET genes in peanuts, especially in the process of seed development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 450046, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Mengjia Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 450046, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 450046, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenyang Shua
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 450046, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 450046, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 450046, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongxin Huai
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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15
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Wang Y, Zhang H, Gu J, Chen C, Liu J, Zhang Z, Hua B, Miao M. The Sink-Source Relationship in Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) Is Modulated by DNA Methylation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:103. [PMID: 38202411 PMCID: PMC10780960 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The optimization of the sink-source relationship is of great importance for crop yield regulation. Cucumber is a typical raffinose family oligosaccharide (RFO)-transporting crop. DNA methylation is a common epigenetic modification in plants, but its role in sink-source regulation has not been demonstrated in RFO-translocating species. Here, whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS-seq) was conducted to compare the nonfruiting-node leaves (NFNLs) and leaves of fruit setting (FNLs) at the 12th node by removing all female flowers in other nodes of the two treatments. We found considerable differentially methylated genes enriched in photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolic processes. Comparative transcriptome analysis between FNLs and NFNLs indicated that many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with differentially methylated regions were involved in auxin, ethylene and brassinolide metabolism; sucrose metabolism; and RFO synthesis pathways related to sink-source regulation. Moreover, DNA methylation levels of six sink-source-related genes in the pathways mentioned above decreased in leaves after 5-aza-dC-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dC, a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor) treatment on FNLs, and stachyose synthase (CsSTS) gene expression, enzyme activity and stachyose content in RFO synthesis pathway were upregulated, thereby increasing fruit length and dry weight. Taken together, our findings proposed an up-to-date inference for the potential role of DNA methylation in the sink-source relationship, which will provide important references for further exploring the molecular mechanism of DNA methylation in improving the yield of RFO transport plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudan Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (J.G.); (C.C.); (J.L.); (Z.Z.); (B.H.)
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Jiangsu Yanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Nantong 226541, China;
| | - Jiawen Gu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (J.G.); (C.C.); (J.L.); (Z.Z.); (B.H.)
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (J.G.); (C.C.); (J.L.); (Z.Z.); (B.H.)
| | - Jiexia Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (J.G.); (C.C.); (J.L.); (Z.Z.); (B.H.)
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (J.G.); (C.C.); (J.L.); (Z.Z.); (B.H.)
| | - Bing Hua
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (J.G.); (C.C.); (J.L.); (Z.Z.); (B.H.)
| | - Minmin Miao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.W.); (J.G.); (C.C.); (J.L.); (Z.Z.); (B.H.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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16
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Liang XG, Gao Z, Fu XX, Chen XM, Shen S, Zhou SL. Coordination of carbon assimilation, allocation, and utilization for systemic improvement of cereal yield. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1206829. [PMID: 37731984 PMCID: PMC10508850 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1206829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The growth of yield outputs is dwindling after the first green revolution, which cannot meet the demand for the projected population increase by the mid-century, especially with the constant threat from extreme climates. Cereal yield requires carbon (C) assimilation in the source for subsequent allocation and utilization in the sink. However, whether the source or sink limits yield improvement, a crucial question for strategic orientation in future breeding and cultivation, is still under debate. To narrow the knowledge gap and capture the progress, we focus on maize, rice, and wheat by briefly reviewing recent advances in yield improvement by modulation of i) leaf photosynthesis; ii) primary C allocation, phloem loading, and unloading; iii) C utilization and grain storage; and iv) systemic sugar signals (e.g., trehalose 6-phosphate). We highlight strategies for optimizing C allocation and utilization to coordinate the source-sink relationships and promote yields. Finally, based on the understanding of these physiological mechanisms, we envisage a future scenery of "smart crop" consisting of flexible coordination of plant C economy, with the goal of yield improvement and resilience in the field population of cereals crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Gui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Province/The Laboratory for Phytochemistry and Botanical Pesticides, College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Zhen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Xiao-Xiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Province/The Laboratory for Phytochemistry and Botanical Pesticides, College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xian-Min Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Si Shen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shun-Li Zhou
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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17
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Zhang H, Ding Y, Yang K, Wang X, Gao W, Xie Q, Liu Z, Gao C. An Insight of Betula platyphylla SWEET Gene Family through Genome-Wide Identification, Expression Profiling and Function Analysis of BpSWEET1c under Cold Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13626. [PMID: 37686432 PMCID: PMC10488219 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
SWEET proteins play important roles in plant growth and development, sugar loading in phloem and resistance to abiotic stress through sugar transport. In this study, 13 BpSWEET genes were identified from birch genome. Collinearity analysis showed that there were one tandem repeating gene pair (BpSWEET1b/BpSWEET1c) and two duplicative gene pairs (BpSWEET17a/BpSWEET17b) in the BpSWEET gene family. The BpSWEET gene promoter regions contained several cis-acting elements related to stress resistance, for example: hormone-responsive and low-temperature-responsive cis-elements. Analysis of transcriptome data showed that BpSWEET genes were highly expressed in several sink organs, and the most BpSWEET genes were rapidly up-regulated under cold stress. BpSWEET1c, which was highly expressed in cold stress, was selected for further analysis. It was found that BpSWEET1c was located on the cell membrane. After 6 h of 4 °C stress, sucrose content in the leaves and roots of transient overexpressed BpSWEET1c was significantly higher than that of the control. MDA content in roots was significantly lower than that of the control. These results indicate that BpSWEET1c may play a positive role in the response to cold stress by promoting the metabolism and transport of sucrose. In conclusion, 13 BpSWEET genes were identified from the whole genome level. Most of the SWEET genes of birch were expressed in the sink organs and could respond to cold stress. Transient overexpression of BpSWEET1c changed the soluble sugar content and improved the cold tolerance of birch.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Caiqiu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Z.); (Y.D.); (K.Y.); (X.W.); (W.G.); (Q.X.); (Z.L.)
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18
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Ye Z, Du B, Zhou J, Cao Y, Zhang L. Camellia oleifera CoSWEET10 Is Crucial for Seed Development and Drought Resistance by Mediating Sugar Transport in Transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2818. [PMID: 37570971 PMCID: PMC10420866 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Sugar transport from the source leaf to the sink organ is critical for seed development and crop yield, as well as for responding to abiotic stress. SWEETs (sugar will eventually be exported transporters) mediate sugar efflux into the reproductive sink and are therefore considered key candidate proteins for sugar unloading during seed development. However, the specific mechanism underlying the sugar unloading to seeds in Camellia oleifera remains elusive. Here, we identified a SWEET gene named CoSWEET10, which belongs to Clade III and has high expression levels in the seeds of C. oleifera. CoSWEET10 is a plasma membrane-localized protein. The complementation assay of CoSWEET10 in SUSY7/ura3 and EBY.VW4000 yeast strains showed that CoSWEET10 has the ability to transport sucrose, glucose, and fructose. Through the C. oleifera seeds in vitro culture, we found that the expression of CoSWEET10 can be induced by hexose and sucrose, and especially glucose. By generating the restoration lines of CoSWEET10 in Arabidopsis atsweet10, we found that CoSWEET10 restored the seed defect phenotype of the mutant by regulating soluble sugar accumulation and increased plant drought tolerance. Collectively, our study demonstrates that CoSWEET10 plays a dual role in promoting seed development and enhancing plant drought resistance as a sucrose and hexose transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lingyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.Y.); (B.D.); (J.Z.); (Y.C.)
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