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Xu Y, Zhang S, Zhang M, Jiao S, Guo Y, Jiang T. The role of reactive oxygen species in plant-virus interactions. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:197. [PMID: 39014054 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03280-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a complex role in interactions between plant viruses and their host plants. They can both help the plant defend against viral infection and support viral infection and spread. This review explores the various roles of ROS in plant-virus interactions, focusing on their involvement in symptom development and the activation of plant defense mechanisms. The article discusses how ROS can directly inhibit viral infection, as well as how they can regulate antiviral mechanisms through various pathways involving miRNAs, virus-derived small interfering RNAs, viral proteins, and host proteins. Additionally, it examines how ROS can enhance plant resistance by interacting with hormonal pathways and external substances. The review also considers how ROS might promote viral infection and transmission, emphasizing their intricate role in plant-virus dynamics. These insights offer valuable guidance for future research, such as exploring the manipulation of ROS-related gene expression through genetic engineering, developing biopesticides, and adjusting environmental conditions to improve plant resistance to viruses. This framework can advance research in plant disease resistance, agricultural practices, and disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xu
- School of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Sutong Zhang
- School of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhang
- School of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Sibo Jiao
- School of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Yifan Guo
- A School of Pharmaceutical Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Tong Jiang
- School of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China.
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Han X, Yang X, Chen S, Wang H, Liu X, Wang D, Yang J, Chen L, Sun B, Li H, Shi Y. Barley yellow dwarf virus-GAV 17K protein disrupts thiamine biosynthesis to facilitate viral infection in plants. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 119:432-444. [PMID: 38635415 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Thiamine functions as a crucial activator modulating plant health and broad-spectrum stress tolerances. However, the role of thiamine in regulating plant virus infection is largely unknown. Here, we report that the multifunctional 17K protein encoded by barley yellow dwarf virus-GAV (BYDV-GAV) interacted with barley pyrimidine synthase (HvTHIC), a key enzyme in thiamine biosynthesis. HvTHIC was found to be localized in chloroplast via an N-terminal 74-amino acid domain. However, the 17K-HvTHIC interaction restricted HvTHIC targeting to chloroplasts and triggered autophagy-mediated HvTHIC degradation. Upon BYDV-GAV infection, the expression of the HvTHIC gene was significantly induced, and this was accompanied by accumulation of thiamine and salicylic acid. Silencing of HvTHIC expression promoted BYDV-GAV accumulation. Transcriptomic analysis of HvTHIC silenced and non-silenced barley plants showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal induction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, photosynthesis-antenna protein, and MAPK signaling pathway. Thiamine treatment enhanced barley resistance to BYDV-GAV. Taken together, our findings reveal a molecular mechanism underlying how BYDV impedes thiamine biosynthesis to uphold viral infection in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Han
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xue Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - He Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- Institute of Cereal and Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China
| | - Daowen Wang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jin Yang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Bingjian Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Honglian Li
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yan Shi
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
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Wang X, Yang J, Hu H, Yuan T, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Li W, Liu J. Genome-Wide Analysis and Identification of UDP Glycosyltransferases Responsive to Chinese Wheat Mosaic Virus Resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana. Viruses 2024; 16:489. [PMID: 38675832 PMCID: PMC11054786 DOI: 10.3390/v16040489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation, a dynamic modification prevalent in viruses and higher eukaryotes, is principally regulated by uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) in plants. Although UGTs are involved in plant defense responses, their responses to most pathogens, especially plant viruses, remain unclear. Here, we aimed to identify UGTs in the whole genome of Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana) and to analyze their function in Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) infection. A total of 147 NbUGTs were identified in N. benthamiana. To conduct a phylogenetic analysis, the UGT protein sequences of N. benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana were aligned. The gene structure and conserved motifs of the UGTs were also analyzed. Additionally, the physicochemical properties and predictable subcellular localization were examined in detail. Analysis of cis-acting elements in the putative promoter revealed that NbUGTs were involved in temperature, defense, and hormone responses. The expression levels of 20 NbUGTs containing defense-related cis-acting elements were assessed in CWMV-infected N. benthamiana, revealing a significant upregulation of 8 NbUGTs. Subcellular localization analysis of three NbUGTs (NbUGT12, NbUGT16 and NbUGT17) revealed their predominant localization in the cytoplasm of N. benthamiana leaves, and NbUGT12 was also distributed in the chloroplasts. CWMV infection did not alter the subcellular localization of NbUGT12, NbUGT16, and NbUGT17. Transient overexpression of NbUGT12, NbUGT16, and NbUGT17 enhanced CWMV infection, whereas the knockdown of NbUGT12, NbUGT16 and NbUGT17 inhibited CWMV infection in N. benthamiana. These NbUGTs could serve as potential susceptibility genes to facilitate CWMV infection. Overall, the findings throw light on the evolution and function of NbUGTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.W.); (H.H.)
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Haichao Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.W.); (H.H.)
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Tangyu Yuan
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 26 Gangcheng West Street, Fushan District, Yantai City 265500, China;
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Wei Li
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.W.); (H.H.)
| | - Jiaqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (J.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
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Goher F, Bai X, Liu S, Pu L, Xi J, Lei J, Kang Z, Jin Q, Guo J. The Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase TaCDPK7 Positively Regulates Wheat Resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1048. [PMID: 38256123 PMCID: PMC10816280 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ plays a crucial role as a secondary messenger in plant development and response to abiotic/biotic stressors. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs/CPKs) are essential Ca2+ sensors that can convert Ca2+ signals into downstream phosphorylation signals. However, there is limited research on the function of CDPKs in the context of wheat-Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) interaction. In this study, we aimed to address this gap by identifying putative CDPK genes from the wheat reference genome and organizing them into four phylogenetic clusters (I-IV). To investigate the expression patterns of the TaCDPK family during the wheat-Pst interaction, we analyzed time series RNA-seq data and further validated the results through qRT-PCR assays. Among the TaCDPK genes, TaCDPK7 exhibited a significant induction during the wheat-Pst interaction, suggesting that it has a potential role in wheat resistance to Pst. To gain further insights into the function of TaCDPK7, we employed virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) to knock down its expression which resulted in impaired wheat resistance to Pst, accompanied by decreased accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), increased fungal biomass ratio, reduced expression of defense-related genes, and enhanced pathogen hyphal growth. These findings collectively suggest that TaCDPK7 plays an important role in wheat resistance to Pst. In summary, this study expands our understanding of wheat CDPKs and provides novel insights into their involvement in the wheat-Pst interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Goher
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (F.G.); (X.B.); (S.L.); (L.P.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (Z.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xingxuan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (F.G.); (X.B.); (S.L.); (L.P.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (Z.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (F.G.); (X.B.); (S.L.); (L.P.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (Z.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Lefan Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (F.G.); (X.B.); (S.L.); (L.P.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (Z.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jiaojiao Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (F.G.); (X.B.); (S.L.); (L.P.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (Z.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jiaqi Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (F.G.); (X.B.); (S.L.); (L.P.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (Z.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (F.G.); (X.B.); (S.L.); (L.P.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (Z.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qiaojun Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (F.G.); (X.B.); (S.L.); (L.P.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (Z.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (F.G.); (X.B.); (S.L.); (L.P.); (J.X.); (J.L.); (Z.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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