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Xin M, Yang C, Zhang L, Gao C, Wang S. The impact of perceived life stress and online social support on university students' mental health during the post-COVID era in Northwestern China: gender-specific analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:467. [PMID: 38355474 PMCID: PMC10868037 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17935-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Before the pandemic, research had already established the potential impact of perceived life stress and social support on the mental health status of Chinese students. However, in the Post-COVID Era, the specific mechanisms linking these variables and the distinct role of online social support remain relatively unexplored. METHODS After the cessation of China's dynamic zeroing policy, a total of 1180 university students from Northwestern China participated in this study by completing a demographic questionnaire, as well as self-report measures assessing mental health, perceived life stress, and online social support. RESULTS Approximately 25% of students exhibited psychological symptoms. When examining different categories of perceived life stress, males reported experiencing a significantly greater impact in terms of punishment and interpersonal relationships compared to females. Females experienced significantly higher levels of learning pressure compared to males. Specific types of perceived life stress were found to be significant predictors of students' mental health status. Moreover, online social support was identified as a significant moderator in the relationship between all types of perceived life stress and mental health, irrespective of gender. CONCLUSION Our study findings unveiled two significant aspects: Firstly, the impact of perceived life stress on the mental health of students was identified as a risk factor. Secondly, the role of online social support emerged as a protective factor, particularly in the post-pandemic context. Additionally, gender-specific patterns were observed in these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moye Xin
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 199, South Chang'an Road, 710062, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
- Shaanxi Key Research Center for Children Mental and Behavioral Health, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Chengxi Yang
- College of Liberal Arts, Yulin University, No. 51, Chongwen Road, 719000, Yulin, China
| | - Lijin Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 199, South Chang'an Road, 710062, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Key Research Center for Children Mental and Behavioral Health, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenzhuo Gao
- Department of sociology, School of philosophy, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 199, South Chang'an Road, 710062, Xi'an, China
| | - Sasa Wang
- Department of sociology, School of philosophy, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 199, South Chang'an Road, 710062, Xi'an, China
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2
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Madhanagopal N, Ahmad A, Hu YH, Olango G, Molla M. Mental Health Symptoms and Service Use in Depressed and Anxious Minors at the Onset of COVID-19 in a County Clinic Serving a Predominantly Hispanic Population. Cureus 2024; 16:e55160. [PMID: 38558688 PMCID: PMC10979717 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study's primary aim was to compare the utilization rates of services by minors with depression/anxiety in a county mental health clinic before (from December 1, 2019, to March 15, 2020) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (from March 16 to June 30, 2020). The secondary aim was to study demographics and psychiatric symptomatology. METHODS Service utilization rates were estimated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify significant predictors of worsening psychiatric symptoms, anxiety, and change in the frequency of therapy between the pre-COVID-19 period and the COVID-19 period. RESULTS Service utilization rates increased during the pandemic period. During the pandemic, the presence of mood symptoms, suicidal ideation, and relationship conflicts predicted worsening psychiatric symptoms. In addition, the presence of preexisting sleep problems and physical health issues that continued during COVID-19 exhibited correlations with worsening psychiatric symptoms during COVID-19. COVID-related stressors and physical health issues were associated with anxiety; suicidal ideation predicted a change in the frequency of therapy. CONCLUSIONS Prospective studies to recognize risk factors for worsening mental health in minors with psychiatric illness during a crisis are warranted to identify and allocate services to the high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandhini Madhanagopal
- Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kern Medical, Kern Behavioral Health & Recovery Services, UCLA-Kern Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship Program, Bakersfield, USA
| | - Ammar Ahmad
- Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kern Medical, Kern Behavioral Health & Recovery Services, UCLA-Kern Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship Program, Bakersfield, USA
| | - Yu-Hsi Hu
- Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Veterans Administration, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Garth Olango
- Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kern Medical, Kern Behavioral Health & Recovery Services, UCLA-Kern Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship Program, Bakersfield, USA
| | - Mohammed Molla
- Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kern Medical, Kern Behavioral Health & Recovery Services, UCLA-Kern Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship Program, Bakersfield, USA
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3
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Chui H, Luk S, Fung KK, Huang Y. Referring students for professional psychological help: A qualitative study of teachers' experience in Hong Kong. J Sch Psychol 2023; 99:101219. [PMID: 37507183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsp.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Teachers have frequent interaction with students and are well positioned to refer students for mental health assistance when needed. Twelve secondary schoolteachers in Hong Kong were interviewed about their experience referring students to mental health professionals (MHPs). Using consensual qualitative research, multiple factors were found to influence teachers' referral decisions, including problem severity, students' willingness, stigma of help-seeking, parent/guardian's beliefs, teacher-parent/guardian relationship, MHPs' effectiveness and availability, quality of interaction with MHPs, and teachers' self-efficacy in handling student issues. Based on the findings, we propose a conceptual model of factors influencing teachers' referral decisions. Implications for research, practice, and training are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold Chui
- Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| | - Sarah Luk
- Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Koon Kan Fung
- Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yanghua Huang
- Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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4
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Jaber F, Al-Hroub A. School counselors' perceptions of virtual counseling in Lebanon: A qualitative study. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1083644. [PMID: 36710747 PMCID: PMC9878335 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1083644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Virtual counseling has become an increased necessity as a result of the current pandemic as well as the need for methods that comply with the continuous changes and advancements. Studies conducted have shown that the perceptions of counselors of the benefits and barriers reflect whether or not the counseling service will be successful. This study is a descriptive research design following a qualitative approach. The study aimed to explore (a) the school counselor's perceptions of the benefits and barriers they encounter when using virtual counseling, (b) the perceived differences between conducting virtual counseling and in-person counseling, and (c) whether participation in virtual counseling differs as a result of students' characteristics in the perception of school counselors. Five private schools in the Beirut region were contacted as they were known to have virtual counseling programs. Both the schools and counselors were purposively chosen. Seven in-depth semi-structured interviews and one focus group discussion (FGD) were carried out with the study participants. Interpretational analysis was carried out to assess and analyze the obtained data. The results showed that through these experiences, counselors were able to develop new methods with regard to technology and other practices to limit the effects of obstacles faced. Counselors' communication tools were also fine-tuned since they had to rely on unorthodox methods to understand students and deal with them better. Results showed that the benefits also have to do with time and method flexibility, the main barriers were issues of privacy, change in workplace dynamics, and lack of usage of tools. The findings were discussed in relation to four main themes: (a) service delivery adaptation, (b) working with technology, (c) counselor's practices in delivering virtual counseling, and (d) preparation and training for virtual counseling. Being that it is qualitative research, the interpretational analysis was carried out to assess the obtained data. The results showed that the main benefits have to do with time and method flexibility, and the main barriers were issues of privacy and change in workplace dynamics. The results showed that the new changes and the counselor's experience, along with the personal attributes of counselors and students, all influenced the efficiency of the counseling sessions.
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Hau KT, Wu WJ, Chung WT, Chan SC, Ng MH. Emergency remote teaching technology and pedagogy at covid outbreak: different perspectives of students, parents, and teachers in Hong kong. EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES 2022; 28:1-22. [PMID: 36589520 PMCID: PMC9795419 DOI: 10.1007/s10639-022-11526-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
With the COVID-19 outbreak, emergency remote teaching - an unprepared distant mode of education became the only possible alternative for schools. The present large-scale survey with 3,672 Grade 3 and 9 students, their parents, and 863 teachers/principals was conducted in the metropolitan city of Hong Kong after half a year of school lockdown. Results showed teachers, principals, and parents were worried about students' inability to concentrate and learn without teachers' explanations. In contrast, students, particularly younger ones, were less affected. They perceived their academic achievement was not worsened and they were more lively. Generally, lack of computers and stable internet was not seen as problems. Notably, socially disadvantaged students were not different in their perceived challenges, affects, life satisfaction, or perceived academic achievement. For cities with adequate provision of computers and internet facilities, the pandemic probably forced a positive and giant leap in using advanced technologies and pedagogies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit-Tai Hau
- Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Wen Jie Wu
- Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Wing Tung Chung
- Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Sze Ching Chan
- School of Psychological Science, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Ming Ho Ng
- Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
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6
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Young DKW, Carlbring P, Ng PYN, Chen QRJ. Feasibility of Self-Guided Online Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for University Students During COVID-19. RESEARCH ON SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE 2022; 32:898-911. [PMID: 38603083 PMCID: PMC9096000 DOI: 10.1177/10497315221087904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to test the feasibility and efficacy of a self-guided online cognitive behaviour therapy (iCBT) for university students in Hong Kong during COVID-19. Method: One group pre-post-test design with convenient sampling was adopted in this study, involving 84 university students who received a newly developed iCBT within an 8 week intervention period. The iCBT offered eight online modules for students to learn the skills of CBT at home through an online platform which was accessible any time anywhere anonymously with technical support only. Standardized assessment tools were used for outcomes assessment at the pre- and post-intervention periods. Results: Three quarters of participants completed all iCBT modules. The results of paired t-tests showed that, after completing the iCBT, participants showed reduction in anxiety, depression, and perceived stress. Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidences to support the feasibility and efficacy of the self-guided iCBT for university students during COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K. W. Young
- Department of Social Work, Hong Kong Baptist
University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Per Carlbring
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petrus Y. N. Ng
- Department of Social Work, Hong Kong Baptist
University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Qi-rong J. Chen
- Department of Social Work, Hong Kong Baptist
University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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7
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Kubo H, Katsuki R, Horie K, Yamakawa I, Tateno M, Shinfuku N, Sartorius N, Sakamoto S, Kato TA. Risk factors of hikikomori among office workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective online survey. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-19. [PMID: 35919757 PMCID: PMC9334542 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03446-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The global pandemic of COVID-19 has forced people to restrict their outings. In Japan, self-restraint behavior (SRB) has been requested by the government, and some of those decreasing their outings may shift to pathological social withdrawal; hikikomori. The purpose of this study was to examine the risk factors of hikikomori conducting an online prospective survey. An online survey was conducted in June 2020 and December 2020; (1) SRB-related indicators (degree of SRB, motivation for SRB, stigma and self-stigma toward COVID-19, anxiety and depressive feelings toward COVID-19) and (2) general mental health (hikikomori tendency, depressive symptoms, modern type depression (MTD) tendency, internet addiction) were collected. A cross-lagged effects model was performed to examine the association between these variables. Lack of emotional support and lack of socialization in June 2020 increased isolation in December 2020. Besides, MTD and hikikomori interacted with each other. Interestingly, although hikikomori tendency increased depressive tendencies, SRB itself did not have a significant path on any mental health-related variables. Poor interpersonal relationships, rather than SRB per se, are suggested to be a risk factor for increased isolation among office workers in the COVID-19 pandemic. Appropriate early interventions such as interpersonal or emotional support may prevent the transition to pathological hikikomori. The association between MTD and hikikomori seems to reveal the interesting possibility that MTD is a gateway to increased risk of hikikomori, and that hikikomori is a gateway to MTD as well. Future research is required to elucidate the relationship between hikikomori and MTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kubo
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Ryoko Katsuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Kazumasa Horie
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Itsuki Yamakawa
- Department of Health and Human Services, Faculty of Medical and Welfare, Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Tateno
- Tokiwa Child Development Center, Tokiwa Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naotaka Shinfuku
- School of Human Sciences, Seinan Gakuin University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Norman Sartorius
- Association for the Improvement of Mental Health Programmes, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Shinji Sakamoto
- Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro A. Kato
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
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8
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Ashwin A, Cherukuri SD, Rammohan A. Negative effects of COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent health: Insights, perspectives, and recommendations. J Glob Health 2022; 12:03009. [PMID: 35596943 PMCID: PMC9123917 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.12.03009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ashwin Rammohan
- The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Bharath Institute of Higher Education & Research, Chennai, India
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9
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Cost-effectiveness of internet-supported cognitive behavioral therapy for university students with anxiety symptoms: A Markov-model analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268061. [PMID: 35511888 PMCID: PMC9070891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim
High prevalence of anxiety symptoms has been reported globally in the university students. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the recognized treatment for anxiety and is traditionally conducted face-to-face (f-CBT). The efficacy of internet-based CBT (i-CBT) for anxiety has been extensively studied, yet evidence on its cost-effectiveness is scarce. We aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of guided low-intensity i-CBT for university students with mild anxiety symptoms from the societal perspective of Hong Kong.
Methods
A 5-year Markov model was designed to compare outcomes of guided i-CBT and f-CBT in a hypothetical cohort of university students with mild anxiety symptoms. Model inputs of cost and healthcare resources associated with anxiety were retrospectively collected from a cohort of university students with anxiety symptoms. Clinical and utility model inputs were retrieved from published literature. Model outcome measures were anxiety-related total cost (including direct medical and indirect costs) and quality-adjusted life-year (QALY). Sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the robustness of base-case results.
Results
In base-case analysis, i-CBT gained higher QALYs (2.9956 versus 2.9917) at lower total cost (US$6,101 versus US$6,246) than f-CBT. In one-way sensitivity analysis, the QALY gained by i-CBT was sensitive to the relative patient acceptance and adherence to CBT. In probabilistic sensitivity analysis, i-CBT was cost-effective in 90.9% of the time at the willingness-to-pay threshold of 138,210 per QALY (3× GDP per capita in Hong Kong). The probability of i-CBT to be cost-effective was 99.9% at a willingness-to-pay threshold of zero.
Conclusions
Guided i-CBT appears to be cost-saving and effective for management of university students with mild symptoms of anxiety from the societal perspective of Hong Kong. The cost-effectiveness of i-CBT is highly subject to the individual acceptance and adherence of CBT delivered by the internet platform.
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10
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Sen HE, Colucci L, Browne DT. Keeping the Faith: Religion, Positive Coping, and Mental Health of Caregivers During COVID-19. Front Psychol 2022; 12:805019. [PMID: 35126256 PMCID: PMC8811163 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.805019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in major stressors such as unemployment, financial insecurity, sickness, separation from family members, and isolation for much of the world population. These stressors have been linked to mental health difficulties for parents and caregivers. Religion and spirituality (R/S), on the other hand, is often viewed as promotive of mental health. However, the mechanisms by which R/S might promote mental health for parents during the pandemic remain unclear. Thus, this longitudinal study explores how R/S is associated with better caregiver mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic through higher levels of positive coping skills. A sample of N = 549 caregivers (parents and other adults in childrearing roles) across Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia were recruited through the Prolific® research panel [67.8% female; age M = 41.33 years (SD = 6.33), 72.3% White/European]. Participants were assessed on measures of psychological distress, coping, R/S, and COVID-19 disruption at three time points between May and November 2020. Cross-lagged panel analysis revealed that caregiver coping mediated the relationship between caregiver R/S and caregiver mental health. Findings highlight a mechanism through which R/S naturally conveys a mental health benefit during periods of social disruption, which may provide an important target for public health promotion and clinical intervention.
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Yip PSF, Chan WL, Chan CS, He L, Xu Y, Chan E, Chau YC, Cheng Q, Cheng SH, Cheung F, Chow J, Chow S, Fung J, Hsu SM, Law YW, Lo B, Miu SM, Ng WM, Ngai K, Tsang C, Xiong C, Xu Z. The Opportunities and Challenges of the First Three Years of Open Up, an Online Text-Based Counselling Service for Youth and Young Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:13194. [PMID: 34948802 PMCID: PMC8701729 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We present the opportunities and challenges of Open Up, a free, 24/7 online text-based counselling service to support youth in Hong Kong. The number of youths served more than doubled within the first three years since its inception in 2018 in response to increasing youth suicidality and mental health needs. Good practice models are being developed in order to sustain and further scale up the service. We discuss the structure of the operation, usage pattern and its effectiveness, the use of AI to improve users experience, and the role of volunteer in the operation. We also present the challenges in further enhancing the operation, calling for more research, especially on the identification of the optimal number of users that can be concurrently served by a counsellor, the effective approach to respond to a small percentage of repeated users who has taken up a disproportional volume of service, and the way to optimize the use of big data analytics and AI technology to enhance the service. These advancements will benefit not only Open Up but also similar services across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Siu Fai Yip
- Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.H.); (Y.X.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (J.C.); (J.F.); (C.T.); (C.X.); (Z.X.)
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Wai-Leung Chan
- Youth and Community Services, Caritas Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (W.-L.C.); (S.C.); (W.M.N.)
| | - Christian S. Chan
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Lihong He
- Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.H.); (Y.X.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (J.C.); (J.F.); (C.T.); (C.X.); (Z.X.)
| | - Yucan Xu
- Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.H.); (Y.X.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (J.C.); (J.F.); (C.T.); (C.X.); (Z.X.)
| | - Evangeline Chan
- Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.H.); (Y.X.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (J.C.); (J.F.); (C.T.); (C.X.); (Z.X.)
| | - Yui Chi Chau
- Head Office, Hong Kong Children and Youth Services, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Qijin Cheng
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | | | - Florence Cheung
- Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.H.); (Y.X.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (J.C.); (J.F.); (C.T.); (C.X.); (Z.X.)
| | - James Chow
- Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.H.); (Y.X.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (J.C.); (J.F.); (C.T.); (C.X.); (Z.X.)
| | - Shirley Chow
- Youth and Community Services, Caritas Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (W.-L.C.); (S.C.); (W.M.N.)
| | - Jerry Fung
- Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.H.); (Y.X.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (J.C.); (J.F.); (C.T.); (C.X.); (Z.X.)
| | - Siu-Man Hsu
- Headquarter, The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Yik Wa Law
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Billie Lo
- IT Unit, The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Sze-Man Miu
- Jockey Club Online Youth Emotional Support, The Boys’ and Girls’ Clubs Association of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Wai Man Ng
- Youth and Community Services, Caritas Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (W.-L.C.); (S.C.); (W.M.N.)
| | - Ken Ngai
- Independent Researcher, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Christy Tsang
- Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.H.); (Y.X.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (J.C.); (J.F.); (C.T.); (C.X.); (Z.X.)
| | - Cynthia Xiong
- Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.H.); (Y.X.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (J.C.); (J.F.); (C.T.); (C.X.); (Z.X.)
| | - Zhongzhi Xu
- Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.H.); (Y.X.); (E.C.); (F.C.); (J.C.); (J.F.); (C.T.); (C.X.); (Z.X.)
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12
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Rehman U, Shahnawaz MG, Kashyap D, Gupta K, Kharshiing KD, Khursheed M, Khan NH, Uniyal R. Risk perception, social distancing, and distress during COVID-19 pandemic: Exploring the role of online counseling and perceived social support. DEATH STUDIES 2021; 47:1-11. [PMID: 34842068 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2021.2006826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study explored the relationship between social distancing and distress along with risk factors of social distancing. Further, online counseling/mental health services and perceived social support were tested as possible moderators between social distancing and distress. Valid and reliable measures were used to collect the data from 300 Indian respondents. Process use of social networking platforms was found to significantly explain social distancing. Online counseling/mental health services and perceived social support moderated the relationship between social distancing and distress. Only 16% of the respondents used online mental health services during the study period. Lack of awareness and acceptance of these services were major barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama Rehman
- Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | | | - Drishti Kashyap
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Kaveri Gupta
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Masrat Khursheed
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Neda Haseeb Khan
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Ritika Uniyal
- Department of Psychology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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Hinduan ZR, Wedyaswari M, Reswara IP, Setyowibowo H. A Counseling Application as an Alternative Tool in Increasing Coping Self-Efficacy Among University Students With Academic Distress During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in Indonesia: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Non-Inferiority Trial. Front Psychol 2021; 12:712806. [PMID: 34777093 PMCID: PMC8581350 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.712806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic increased education-related distress among University students globally, including in Indonesia. Psychological factors, such as academic demands, limited opportunity to meet their peers, problematic use of technology, and domestic problems, influenced the well-being of the students, leading to poor academic performance. A mobile-based counseling application was developed to address the distress among University students. The application was meant to reach students living remotely to enable them to access psychological assistance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe a protocol aimed to evaluate the equivalence of the application when compared to the Treatment-As-Usual (TAU) in increasing the coping self-efficacy (CSE) and resilience of students as well as in decreasing their level of depression. A two-armed parallel randomized control non-inferiority trial will be conducted among approximately 430 students with selected academic problems. The participants will be randomly allocated into the TAU and the intervention groups. The primary and secondary outcomes will be measured by the Indonesian versions of the Coping Self-Efficacy (CSE) Scale, the Resilience Scale (RS-14), and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The data will be collected at baseline, at the end of each session, and after 3 months. The outcomes will be analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVAs, intention-to-treat, and per-protocol analysis. If proven, the application will be used as an alternative media in helping the students. Clinical Trial Registration: Thailand Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR20200530001); Date of registration: May 28, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahrotur Rusyda Hinduan
- Center for Psychological Innovation and Research, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Miryam Wedyaswari
- Center for Psychological Innovation and Research, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ilham Phalosa Reswara
- Center for Psychological Innovation and Research, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Hari Setyowibowo
- Center for Psychological Innovation and Research, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
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Feng S, Zhang Q, Ho SMY. Fear and anxiety about COVID-19 among local and overseas Chinese university students. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2021; 29:e249-e258. [PMID: 33825220 PMCID: PMC8250594 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to establish a new COVID-19 Fear (Higher Education) scale to investigate the relationship between fear and generalised anxiety symptoms among Chinese students in mainland China, Hong Kong, and other countries. 219 Chinese university students studying in universities in mainland China (n = 76, 34.7%), Hong Kong (n = 66, 30.1%), and overseas (i.e., outside of China as international students, n = 77, 35.2%) participated in an online study from March 31, 2020 to April 4. Participants completed a newly developed COVID-19 Fear (Higher Education) scale to measure three domains of fear including fear of infection, fear of instability and fear of insecurity related to the COVID-19 pandemic. They also completed the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) on the severity of anxiety symptoms. About 9.6% of the participants could be classified as exhibiting high anxiety level according to the GAD-7. More students studying overseas (about 15%) were classified into the high GAD group when compared to students studying in both mainland China (6.6%) and Hong Kong (6.1%). MANOVA results showed that students studying in Hong Kong and overseas had more concerns related to preventive measures related to COVID-19 than their mainland counterparts did. We concluded that international students studying away from their home country would have higher risk to develop anxiety problems during a collective trauma such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Education institutions should provide support services including online support groups, social media groups for mutual support to alleviate the fear and anxiety of international students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyin Feng
- Psychology LaboratoryDepartment of Social and Behavioural SciencesCity University of Hong KongHong Kong
| | - Qiaochu Zhang
- Psychology LaboratoryDepartment of Social and Behavioural SciencesCity University of Hong KongHong Kong
| | - Samuel M. Y. Ho
- Psychology LaboratoryDepartment of Social and Behavioural SciencesCity University of Hong KongHong Kong
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15
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Lui PP, Katedia S, Pham S, Giadolor W, Gobrial S, Stonebarger M, Adams N, Garcia O. Short-Term Changes in Internalizing Symptoms and Help-Seeking Attitudes During the Coronavirus Pandemic. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1521/jscp.2021.40.5.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Existing data suggest that American adults experience added emotional difficulties amid the coronavirus disease outbreak. Psychotherapy can help mitigate mental health concerns; still, many individuals with unmet mental health needs refrain from professional help-seeking. According to theory of reasoned action, negative help-seeking attitudes are key barriers to engagement with mental health services. Given that individuals with severe distress are more likely to seek therapy than individuals with mild psychopathology symptoms, greater initial and increasing levels of internalizing symptoms amid the coronavirus outbreak likely are linked to increasingly favorable attitudes toward professional help-seeking. Method: In the early months of the coronavirus pandemic, American community adults, N = 831 [49.0% Asian Americans], Mage = 46.78, 50.2% women, were recruited for a panel survey study conducted over the course of three weeks. At each time point, participants completed questionnaires to assess their internalizing symptoms associated with depression and anxiety as well as their openness to and perceived value/need in treatment seeking. Results: Very few participants—especially Asian Americans —were seeking counseling during the study period. Latent growth curve results showed a general decline in internalizing symptoms, and no changes in openness to and perceived need in professional help-seeking. Whereas there were no time-varying correlations between internalizing symptoms and help-seeking attitudes, individuals with greater baseline internalizing symptoms generally were more open to seeking professional help and perceived less value in mental health services. Sensitivity analyses showed patterns in the Asian American subsample similar to those in the overall sample. Discussion: Implications for research and clinical practice are discussed.
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Di Consiglio M, Merola S, Pascucci T, Violani C, Couyoumdjian A. The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Italian University Students' Mental Health: Changes across the Waves. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9897. [PMID: 34574820 PMCID: PMC8469053 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
To reduce the spread of COVID-19, the Italian government imposed a rigid lockdown and, for a whole year, continued to declare stringent rules to curb the community spread. This study provides an overview of university students' symptomatology and help-seeking behaviour before and during the pandemic. It aims to evaluate the impact of the different phases of the pandemic on students' mental health. We collected data in four-time points between March 2019 and March 2021. A total of 454 students (F = 85; M = 15) were included in the study. Students answered a socio-demographic and a standardized questionnaire (i.e., SCL-90-R) to evaluate a broad range of symptomatology. The results suggest that students experienced moderate to severe levels of depressive, obsessive-compulsive and anxiety symptomatology. About 14% of the sample met the criteria for at least one mental health disorder, but most were not receiving mental health care. During the lockdown, compared with other phases, female students reported worse symptoms in the obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism dimensions. The increasing symptomatology disappeared after the lifting of the lockdown. The results showed no difference in the male groups. Preventive and support strategies should be improved in the university context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Alessandro Couyoumdjian
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.D.C.); (S.M.); (T.P.); (C.V.)
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17
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Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected almost every area of our lives. It meant a break from our lifestyles, transforming everything from face-to-face to online. Among the places where this situation has become more evident are primary schools, secondary schools, and universities, which have had to adopt online teaching in its entirety. Faced with this situation, the work of the educational counsellors was essential to coordinate the centre with the families and to enable students to follow the classes in the best way possible. The objective of this study is to analyse the scientific literature about online educational guidance, with a focus on the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve this, a scoping review inspired by the PRISMA model was done. A total of 42 articles were studied. The main results show that many counsellors were at a disadvantage and in a very stressful situation, as they did not have the necessary digital training. On the other hand, this situation has been the first contact for many counsellors with the use of ICT within their profession and in an unexpected situation, without time for training or enough preparation.
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18
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Murphy JK, Khan A, Sun Q, Minas H, Hatcher S, Ng CH, Withers M, Greenshaw A, Michalak EE, Chakraborty PA, Sandanasamy KS, Ibrahim N, Ravindran A, Chen J, Nguyen VC, Lam RW. Needs, gaps and opportunities for standard and e-mental health care among at-risk populations in the Asia Pacific in the context of COVID-19: a rapid scoping review. Int J Equity Health 2021; 20:161. [PMID: 34253198 PMCID: PMC8274266 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-021-01484-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic is expected to have profound mental health impact, including in the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) region. Some populations might be at higher risk of experiencing negative mental health impacts and may encounter increased barriers to accessing mental health care. The pandemic and related restrictions have led to changes in care delivery, including a rapid shift to the use of e-mental health and digital technologies. It is therefore essential to consider needs and opportunities for equitable mental health care delivery to the most at-risk populations. This rapid scoping review: 1) identifies populations in the APEC region that are at higher risk of the negative mental health impacts of COVID-19, 2) identifies needs and gaps in access to standard and e-mental health care among these populations, and 3) explores the potential of e-mental health to address these needs. METHODS We conducted a rapid scoping review following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). We searched Medline, Embase and PsychInfo databases and Google Scholar using a search strategy developed in consultation with a biomedical librarian. We included records related to mental health or psychosocial risk factors and COVID-19 among at-risk groups; that referred to one or more APEC member economies or had a global, thus generalizable, scope; English language papers, and papers with full text available. RESULTS A total of 132 records published between December 2019 and August 2020 were included in the final analysis. Several priority at-risk populations, risk factors, challenges and recommendations for standard and e-mental health care were identified. Results demonstrate that e-mental health care can be a viable option for care delivery but that specific accessibility and acceptability considerations must be considered. Options for in-person, hybrid or "low-tech" care must also remain available. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgent need for equitable standard and e-mental health care. It has also highlighted the persistent social and structural inequities that contribute to poor mental health. The APEC region is vast and diverse; findings from the region can guide policy and practice in the delivery of equitable mental health care in the region and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill K Murphy
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine; APEC Digital Hub for Mental Health, University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A1, Canada.
| | - Amna Khan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2255 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A1, Canada
| | - Qiumeng Sun
- Sol Price School of Public Policy, University of Southern California, 650 Childs Way, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Harry Minas
- Global and Cultural Mental Health, Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Carlton, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Simon Hatcher
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Roger Guindon Hall, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Chee H Ng
- Healthscope Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Mellissa Withers
- USC Keck School of Medicine, USC Institute on Inequalities in Global Health, Los Angeles, USA
- APRU Global Health Program, 2001 N Soto Street SSB 318G, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Andrew Greenshaw
- Department of Psychiatry, Scientific Director, APEC Digital Hub for Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, 4-142M Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Erin E Michalak
- APEC Digital Hub for Mental Health, University of British Columbia, 420-5950 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Promit Ananyo Chakraborty
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Karen Sharmini Sandanasamy
- Mental Health, Substance Abuse and Violence Injury Prevention, Non-Communicable Disease Section, Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, Level 2, Block E3, Putrajaya, Malaysia
- Precinct 1, Federal Government Administrative Complex, 62590, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Nurashikin Ibrahim
- Mental Health, Substance Abuse and Violence Injury Prevention, Non-Communicable Disease Section, Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, Level 2, Block E3, Putrajaya, Malaysia
- Precinct 1, Federal Government Administrative Complex, 62590, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Arun Ravindran
- Global Mental Health Affairs & The Office of Fellowship Training, Department of Psychiatry, Graduate Faculty, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 100 Stokes St, Toronto, ON, M6J 1H4, Canada
| | - Jun Chen
- Office for Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 South Wan Ping Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Vu Cong Nguyen
- Institute of Population, Health and Development, ICON4 Tower, 243a Đường La Thành, Láng Thượng, Đống Đa, Hà Nội, 117222, Vietnam
| | - Raymond W Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Mood Disorders Centre, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, Vancouver, Canada
- APEC Digital Hub for Mental Health, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A1, Canada
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Vigo D, Jones L, Munthali R, Pei J, Westenberg J, Munro L, Judkowicz C, Wang AY, Van den Adel B, Dulai J, Krausz M, Auerbach RP, Bruffaerts R, Yatham L, Gadermann A, Rush B, Xie H, Pendakur K, Richardson C. Investigating the effect of COVID-19 dissemination on symptoms of anxiety and depression among university students. BJPsych Open 2021; 7:e69. [PMID: 33736744 PMCID: PMC8058823 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2021.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of specific subpopulations, such as university students, is needed as communities prepare for future waves. AIMS To study the association of proximity of COVID-19 with symptoms of anxiety and depression in university students. METHOD This trend study analysed weekly cross-sectional surveys of probabilistic samples of students from the University of British Columbia for 13 weeks, through the first wave of COVID-19. The main variable assessed was propinquity of COVID-19, defined as 'knowing someone who tested positive for COVID-19', which was specified at different levels: knowing someone anywhere globally, in Canada, in Vancouver, in their course or at home. Proximity was included in multivariable linear regressions to assess its association with primary outcomes, including 30-day symptoms of anxiety and/or depression. RESULTS Of 1388 respondents (adjusted response rate of 50%), 5.6% knew someone with COVID-19 in Vancouver, 0.8% in their course and 0.3% at home. Ten percent were overwhelmed and unable to access help. Knowing someone in Vancouver was associated with an 11-percentage-point increase in the probability of 30-day anxiety symptoms (s.e. 0.05, P ≤ 0.05), moderated by gender, with a significant interaction of the exposure and being female (coefficient -20, s.e. 0.09, P ≤ 0.05). No association was found with depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Propinquity of COVID-19 cases may increase the likelihood of anxiety symptoms in students, particularly among men. Most students reported coping well, but additional support is needed for an emotionally overwhelmed minority who report being unable to access help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vigo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Laura Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Richard Munthali
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julia Pei
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jean Westenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lonna Munro
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Angel Y. Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Joshun Dulai
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael Krausz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Ronny Bruffaerts
- Center for Public Health Psychiatry, Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lakshmi Yatham
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anne Gadermann
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brian Rush
- Department of Psychiatry & School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Hui Xie
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Canada
| | | | - Chris Richardson
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Canada
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20
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Cunningham NR, Ely SL, Barber Garcia BN, Bowden J. Addressing Pediatric Mental Health Using Telehealth During Coronavirus Disease-2019 and Beyond: A Narrative Review. Acad Pediatr 2021; 21:1108-1117. [PMID: 34118499 PMCID: PMC8413840 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pediatrician serves as a frontline provider addressing patients' medical and mental health needs, yet coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is reshaping the way physicians deliver care. Pediatricians are increasingly faced with the challenge of delivering care, including mental health care, remotely. Given the rapidly evolving literature, we performed a narrative review of the use of telehealth for mental health care for pediatric populations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Areas of focus included 1) pediatric primary care settings, 2) special pediatric populations (eg, eating disorders, autism), 3) access and engagement in telehealth care, and 4) training opportunities available for mental health providers. Themes that emerged across studies included the importance of meeting patients' needs (eg, access to technological resources) to optimize success in using telehealth tools and challenges around provider access to support tools for use during telehealth. Thus, we provided a summary of evidence-based tools (including COVID-19 specific resources) for improving the remote delivery of mental health care by pediatricians. We also reviewed future directions including trials currently underway to enhance understanding of future telehealth applications for pediatric mental health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natoshia R. Cunningham
- Department of Family Medicine, Michigan State University (NR Cunningham and SL Ely), Grand Rapids, Mich,Address correspondence to Natoshia R. Cunningham, PhD, Department of Family Medicine, Michigan State University, 15 Michigan St NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503
| | - Samantha L. Ely
- Department of Family Medicine, Michigan State University (NR Cunningham and SL Ely), Grand Rapids, Mich
| | - Brittany N. Barber Garcia
- College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University (BNB Garcia and J Bowden), Grand Rapids, Mich,Spectrum Health, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital (BN Barber Garcia and J Bowden), Grand Rapids, Mich
| | - Jennifer Bowden
- College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University (BNB Garcia and J Bowden), Grand Rapids, Mich,Spectrum Health, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital (BN Barber Garcia and J Bowden), Grand Rapids, Mich
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21
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Mental Health in Frontline Medical Workers during the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease Epidemic in China: A Comparison with the General Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186550. [PMID: 32916836 PMCID: PMC7558595 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since December 2019, China has been affected by a severe outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Frontline medical workers experienced difficulty due to the high risk of being infected and long and distressing work shifts. The current study aims to evaluate psychological symptoms in frontline medical workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in China and to perform a comparison with the general population. METHODS An online survey was conducted from 14 February 2020 to 29 March 2020. A total of 899 frontline medical workers and 1104 respondents in the general population participated. Depression, anxiety, insomnia, and resilience were assessed via the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and abbreviated Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), respectively. RESULTS Overall, 30.43%, 20.29%, and 14.49% of frontline medical workers in Hubei Province and 23.13%, 13.14%, and 10.64% of frontline medical workers in other regions reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, and insomnia, respectively. In addition, 23.33%, 16.67%, and 6.67% of the general population in Hubei Province and 18.25%, 9.22%, and 7.17% of the general population in other regions reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, and insomnia, respectively. The resilience of frontline medical staff outside Hubei Province was higher than that of the general population outside Hubei Province. CONCLUSION A large proportion of frontline medical workers and the general public experienced psychological symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak. Psychological services for frontline medical workers and the general public are needed.
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