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Pinski AN, Gan T, Lin SC, Droit L, Diamond M, Barouch DH, Wang D. Isolation of a recombinant simian adenovirus encoding the human adenovirus G52 hexon suggests a simian origin for human adenovirus G52. J Virol 2024; 98:e0004324. [PMID: 38497664 PMCID: PMC11019922 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00043-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are causative agents of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. These double-stranded DNA viruses are phylogenetically classified into seven different species (A-G). HAdV-G52, originally isolated in 2008 from a patient presenting with gastroenteritis, is the sole human-derived member of species G. Phylogenetic analysis previously suggested that HAdV-G52 may have a simian origin, indicating a potential zoonotic spillover into humans. However, evidence of HAdV-G52 in either human or simian populations has not been reported since. Here, we describe the isolation and in vitro characterization of rhesus (rh)AdV-69, a novel simian AdV with clear evidence of recombination with HAdV-G52, from the stool of a rhesus macaque. Specifically, the rhAdV-69 hexon capsid protein is 100% identical to that of HAdV-G52, whereas the remainder of the genome is most similar to rhAdV-55, sharing 95.36% nucleic acid identity. A second recombination event with an unknown adenovirus (AdV) is evident at the short fiber gene. From the same sample, we also isolated a second, highly related recombinant AdV (rhAdV-68) that harbors a distinct hexon gene but nearly identical backbone compared to rhAdV-69. In vitro, rhAdV-68 and rhAdV-69 demonstrate comparable growth kinetics and tropisms in human cell lines, nonhuman cell lines, and human enteroids. Furthermore, we show that coinfection of highly related AdVs is not unique to this sample since we also isolated coinfecting rhAdVs from two additional rhesus macaque stool samples. Our data collectively contribute to elucidating the origins of HAdV-G52 and provide insights into the frequency of coinfections and subsequent recombination in AdV evolution.IMPORTANCEUnderstanding the host origins of adenoviruses (AdVs) is critical for public health as transmission of viruses from animals to humans can lead to emergent viruses. Recombination between animal and human AdVs can also produce emergent viruses. HAdV-G52 is the only human-derived member of the HAdV G species. It has been suggested that HAdV-G52 has a simian origin. Here, we isolated from a rhesus macaque, a novel rhAdV, rhAdV-69, that encodes a hexon protein that is 100% identical to that of HAdV-G52. This observation suggests that HAdV-G52 may indeed have a simian origin. We also isolated a highly related rhAdV, differing only in the hexon gene, from the same rhesus macaque stool sample as rhAdV-69, illustrating the potential for co-infection of closely related AdVs and recombination at the hexon gene. Furthermore, our study highlights the critical role of whole-genome sequencing in understanding AdV evolution and monitoring the emergence of pathogenic AdVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda N. Pinski
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tianyu Gan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Shih-Ching Lin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Lindsay Droit
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael Diamond
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Dan H. Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Wang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Wang C, Liu J, Mi Y, Chen J, Bi J, Chen Y. Clinical features and epidemiological analysis of respiratory human adenovirus infection in hospitalized children: a cross-sectional study in Zhejiang. Virol J 2021; 18:234. [PMID: 34844615 PMCID: PMC8628464 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01705-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HAdV is one of the common pathogens in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections (ARIs). We aim to describe the clinical and laboratory features, epidemiological characteristics, and HAdV species and/or types of inpatients with HAdV respiratory infections. Methods Respiratory samples were gathered from inpatients diagnosed ARIs in Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and were detected by using Direct Immunofluorescence Assay from 2018 to 2019. PCR amplification and sequencing of the hypervariable zone of hexon gene were used for genotyping. The clinical and laboratory features, and HAdV genotyping, and epidemiological characteristic analysis were retrospectively performed. Results Of 7072 samples collected, 488 were identified as HAdV-positive. The overall detection rate was 6.9%. The peaked detection rate was 14.1% in January 2019. HAdV-positive cases with ARIs mainly appeared in winter. The detection rate was highest among children between 6 months and 2 years (8.7%, 123/1408). Clinical diagnosis included pneumonia (70.3%, 343/488), bronchitis (7.0%, 34/488) and acute upper respiratory tract infection (22.7%, 111/488). The common clinical manifestations were fever (93.4%, 456/488), cough (94.7%, 462/488), wheezing (26.2%, 128/488), and shortness of breath (14.8%, 72/488). 213 (43.6%) cases had co-infection and 138 (28.3%) cases had extrapulmonary symptoms. 96(19.7%) cases had intrapulmonary and intrathoracic complications.78 (16.0%) had an underlying condition, most of which were congenital heart diseases (20.5%, 16/78). The proportions of hyperpyrexia, duration of fever > 10 days, severe pneumonia, and wheezing in the co-infection group were remarkably higher than those in HAdV single-infection group (all p < 0.05). The proportions of duration of hospitalization, duration of fever > 10 days, wheezing, shortness of breath, change in level of consciousness, serosal fluids, extrapulmonary symptoms, co-infections and underlying diseases were significantly higher in severe pneumonia group than those in the mild pneumonia group (all p < 0.05). Four HAdV species were successfully identified in 155 cases and presented by 8 genotypes. HAdV-B3 (56.1%, 87/155) and HAdV -B7 (31.0%, 48/155) were the most predominant detected types and occurred commonly in different severity groups (p = 0.000), while, HAdV-B55 was detected only in the severe group. HAdV-B7’s detection rate in the severe pneumonia group was significantly higher than the non-severe pneumonia group. Conclusion HAdV detection rate is related to age and season. Bronchopneumonia accounts for about 70% HAdV-positive inpatients. The common clinical manifestations include hyperpyrexia, cough, wheezing, and shortness of breath. HAdV-B3 and HAdV-B7 are the most common types in children diagnosed with respiration infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, China.
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Yumei Mi
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Jing Bi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Yinghu Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, China
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Laya BF, Concepcion NDP, Garcia-Peña P, Naidoo J, Kritsaneepaiboon S, Lee EY. Pediatric Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: Imaging Guidelines and Recommendations. Radiol Clin North Am 2021; 60:15-40. [PMID: 34836562 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Various organisms cause LRTI, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites, among others. Infections caused by 2 or more organisms also occur, sometimes enhancing the severity of the infection. Medical imaging helps confirm a diagnosis but also plays a role in the evaluation of acute and chronic sequelae. Medical imaging tests help evaluate underlying pathology in pediatric patients with recurrent or long-standing symptoms as well as the immunocompromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard F Laya
- Section of Pediatric Radiology, Institute of Radiology, St. Luke's Medical Center-Quezon City, 279 E. Rodriguez Sr. Ave., Quezon City, 1112 Philippines.
| | - Nathan David P Concepcion
- Section of Pediatric Radiology, Institute of Radiology, St. Luke's Medical Center-Quezon City, 279 E. Rodriguez Sr. Ave., Quezon City, 1112 Philippines
| | - Pilar Garcia-Peña
- Autonomous University of Barcelona (AUB), University Hospital Materno-Infantil Vall d'Hebron, Pso. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaishree Naidoo
- Paeds Diagnostic Imaging and Envisionit Deep AI, 2nd Floor, One-on Jameson Building, 1 Jameson Avenue, Melrose Estate, Johannesburg, 2196, South Africa
| | - Supika Kritsaneepaiboon
- Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Kanjanavanich Road, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand
| | - Edward Y Lee
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Adenovirus Respiratory Infection in Children and Young Adults. Viruses 2021; 13:v13091885. [PMID: 34578465 PMCID: PMC8472906 DOI: 10.3390/v13091885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Adenoviruses (HAdV) are known to be potentially associated with strong inflammatory responses and morbidity in pediatric patients. Although most of the primary infections are self-limiting, the severity of clinical presentation, the elevation of the white blood cell count and inflammatory markers often mimic a bacterial infection and lead to an inappropriate use of antibiotics. In infections caused by HAdV, rapid antigen detection kits are advisable but not employed routinely; costs and feasibility of rapid syndromic molecular diagnosis may limit its use in the in-hospital setting; lymphocyte cultures and two-sampled serology are time consuming and impractical when considering the use of antibiotics. In this review, we aim to describe the principal diagnostic tools and the immune response in HAdV infections and evaluate whether markers based on the response of the host may help early recognition of HAdV and avoid inappropriate antimicrobial prescriptions in acute airway infections.
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Wu PQ, Zeng SQ, Yin GQ, Huang JJ, Xie ZW, Lu G, Jiang WH. Clinical manifestations and risk factors of adenovirus respiratory infection in hospitalized children in Guangzhou, China during the 2011-2014 period. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e18584. [PMID: 31977849 PMCID: PMC7004600 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate epidemiology and risk factors of severe adenovirus respiratory infection in hospitalized children in Guangzhou, China.A retrospective review study was conducted, and 542 children hospitalized for adenovirus respiratory infection, were included from January 2011 to December 2014. Patients were younger than 14 years. Disease severity was classified into severe and mild. Laboratory tests and clinical characteristics were analyzed for risk factors of adenovirus respiratory infection by multivariable logistic regression.Among these 542 children, 92.1% were aged < 6 years. Clinical diagnoses were upper respiratory infections in 11.6%, bronchiolitis in 16%, and mild pneumonia in 62.0% of children. Severe pneumonia rate was 10.3% (56/542) with a mortality rate of 0.9% (5/542). The cohort comprised 542 patients; 486 patients with mild adenovirus respiratory infection and 56 patients with severe adenovirus respiratory infection. Multivariable logistic regression was used to confirm associations between variables and adenovirus respiratory infection, after age and gender adjustment. Hospital stay, still significantly associated with adenovirus respiratory infection. Patients with longer hospital stay (odds ratio [OR] = 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-1.28, P < .001), lower LYMPH (OR = 0.73 95% CI: 0.55-0.99, P = .039), and increased LDH (OR = 1.002, 95% CI: 1.001-1.003, P = .001) had a higher risk of severe adenovirus respiratory infection.Adenovirus is a major pathogen in hospitalized children with respiratory infection. High serum LDH level and low lymphocyte count could be used as predictors of adenovirus respiratory infection severity in children.
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Xie L, Zhang B, Xiao N, Zhang F, Zhao X, Liu Q, Xie Z, Gao H, Duan Z, Zhong L. Epidemiology of human adenovirus infection in children hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infections in Hunan, China. J Med Virol 2018; 91:392-400. [PMID: 30286268 PMCID: PMC7159165 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the current genotypes of circulating human adenovirus (HAdV) strains, we molecularly genotyped HAdV in the nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) of patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTIs) and attempted to determine their associations with clinical symptoms. A total of 4751 NPA samples were collected from 4751 patients admitted to Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from September 2007 to March 2014, of which 447 (9.4%) samples were HAdV positive. Fourteen different HAdV types were identified; HAdV types 1 to 7 (HAdV 1‐7) were identified in 95.7% of the 447 NPA samples with HAdV‐7 and HAdV‐3 being the most prevalent. In addition, 93.3% (417 of 447) of patients were younger than 5 years. The incidence of HAdV infection peaked in summer. Different HAdV types showed a predilection for different age groups and different seasonal distribution patterns. Coinfection of HAdVs and other respiratory viruses was detected in 63.3% (283 of 447) of the HAdV‐positive samples. The most common clinical diagnosis was pneumonia and the most common symptoms were fever and cough. In comparison with children infected with HAdV‐3 alone, those infected with HAdV‐7 alone had an increased frequency of severe pneumonia involvement (11.6% vs 32.4%; P = 0.031), higher intensive care unit admission rates (7.0% vs 26.5%; P = 0.019), and a longer length of hospital stay (P = 0.03). Mixed infections in younger children were associated with a longer hospital stay (P = 0.023). Our results demonstrate the recent changes in the trends of circulating HAdV genotypes associated with ALRTIs in Hunan China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyun Xie
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Children's Medical Center, Changsha, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Children's Medical Center, Changsha, China
| | - Niguang Xiao
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Children's Medical Center, Changsha, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Children's Medical Center, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Children's Medical Center, Changsha, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Children's Medical Center, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiping Xie
- Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, Ministry of Health, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Hanchun Gao
- Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, Ministry of Health, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaojun Duan
- Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, Ministry of Health, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Zhong
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Children's Medical Center, Changsha, China
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Kim JH, Kang HR, Kim SY, Ban JE. Discrimination of Kawasaki disease with concomitant adenoviral detection differentiating from isolated adenoviral infection. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2018; 61:43-48. [PMID: 29563943 PMCID: PMC5854841 DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2018.61.2.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Human adenovirus infection mimics Kawasaki disease (KD) but can be detected in KD patients. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical differences between KD with adenovirus infection and only adenoviral infection and to identify biomarkers for prediction of adenovirus-positive KD from isolated adenoviral infection. Methods A total of 147 patients with isolated adenovirus were identified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, 11 patients having KD with adenovirus, who were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin therapy during the acute phase of KD were also evaluated. Results Compared with the adenoviral infection group, the KD with adenovirus group was significantly associated with frequent lip and tongue changes, skin rash and changes in the extremities. In the laboratory parameters, higher C-reactive protein (CRP) level and presence of hypoalbuminemia and sterile pyuria were significantly associated with the KD group. In the multivariate analysis, lip and tongue changes (odds ratio [OR], 1.416; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.151–1.741; P=0.001), high CRP level (OR, 1.039; 95% CI 1.743–1.454; P= 0.021) and sterile pyuria (OR 1.052; 95% CI 0.861–1.286; P=0.041) were the significant predictive factors of KD. In addition, the cutoff CRP level related to KD with adenoviral detection was 56 mg/L, with a sensitivity of 81.8% and a specificity of 75.9%. Conclusion Lip and tongue changes, higher serum CRP level and sterile pyuria were significantly correlated with adenovirus-positive KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Han Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Ree Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Yeong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Ban
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Impact of PCV13 on community-acquired pneumonia by C-reactive protein and procalcitonin levels in children. Vaccine 2017; 35:5058-5064. [PMID: 28778617 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many countries have observed an early and strong impact of implementation of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). High levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) are considered biomarkers of bacterial infection (particularly infection due to pneumococcus); therefore, PCV13 implementation should have different effectiveness on CAP depending on the levels of these two biomarkers. To demonstrate this assumption, we analyzed the evolution of number of CAP cases seen in pediatric emergency departments in France after PCV13 implementation (in 2010) by levels of these two biomarkers. METHODS From June 2009 to May 2015, 8 pediatric emergency units prospectively enrolled all children (1month to 15years) with radiologically confirmed CAP. RESULTS A cohort of 9586 children with CAP was enrolled (median age 3years). CAP with pleural effusion (PE-CAP) and proven pneumococcal pneumonia (PP-CAP) accounted for 5.5% and 2.0% of cases. During the study period, the number of cases of overall CAP decreased by 25.4%, hospitalized CAP by 30.5%, PE-CAP by 63.4%, CAP with CRP level≥100mg/L by 50.9%, CAP with PCT level≥4ng/L by 60.4% and PP-CAP by 86.4%. We found no change in number of cases of CAP with low levels of CRP (<20 or <40mg/L) or PCT (<0.5ng/mL). The number of cases of CAP overall increased (20.0%) in the last year of the study as compared with the preceeding year but not cases with CRP level≥100mg/L and/or PCT level≥4ng/mL. CONCLUSION PCV13 implementation has had a strong impact on number of CAP cases with high levels of CRP and/or PCT in children but no impact on that with low levels of these two biomarkers. Five years after PCV13 implementation, a sustained reduction in CAP cases is observed.
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Lee HJ, Seo YE, Han SB, Jeong DC, Kang JH. Clinical Impact of Mixed Respiratory Viral Infection in Children with Adenoviral Infection. Infect Chemother 2016; 48:309-316. [PMID: 27883373 PMCID: PMC5204010 DOI: 10.3947/ic.2016.48.4.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although adenovirus (ADV) infection occurs steadily all year round in Korea and the identification of respiratory viral coinfections has been increasing following the introduction of multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction tests, the clinical impact of viral coinfection in children with ADV infection has rarely been reported. Materials and Methods Medical records of children diagnosed with ADV infection were retrospectively reviewed. The enrolled children were divided into two groups based on the identified respiratory viruses: ADV group and coinfection group. Clinical and laboratory parameters were compared between the two groups. Results In total, 105 children (60 males and 45 females) with a median age of 29 months (range: 0-131 months) diagnosed with an ADV infection were enrolled. Fever (99.0%) was by far the most frequent symptom, followed by respiratory (82.9%), and gastrointestinal (22.9%) symptoms. Upper and lower respiratory tract infections were diagnosed in 56 (53.3%), and 32 (30.5%) children, respectively. Five (4.8%) children received oxygen therapy, and no child died due to ADV infection. Coinfection was diagnosed in 32 (30.5%) children, with rhinovirus (46.9%), and respiratory syncytial virus (21.9%) being the most frequent. The proportions of children younger than 24 months (P <0.001), with underlying medical conditions (P = 0.020), and diagnosed with lower respiratory tract infection (P = 0.011) were significantly higher in the coinfection group than in the ADV group. In a multivariate analysis, only the younger age was significantly associated with coinfection (P <0.001). Although more children in the coinfection group received oxygen therapy (P = 0.029), the duration of fever and hospitalization was not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion Respiratory viral coinfection with ADV occurred more frequently in children younger than 24 months of age compared with children aged 24 months or older. Respiratory viral coinfection may increase the severity of ADV infection, however, appropriate therapy prevented prolonged hospitalization and poor prognosis due to coinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Eun Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Beom Han
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,The Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Dae Chul Jeong
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,The Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Han Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,The Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Cheng J, Qi X, Chen D, Xu X, Wang G, Dai Y, Cui D, Chen Q, Fan P, Ni L, Liu M, Zhu F, Yang M, Wang C, Li Y, Sun C, Wang Z. Epidemiology and transmission characteristics of human adenovirus type 7 caused acute respiratory disease outbreak in military trainees in East China. Am J Transl Res 2016; 8:2331-2342. [PMID: 27347341 PMCID: PMC4891446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human adenovirus type 7 (HAdV7) is globally attracting great concern as its high morbidity and severity in respiratory diseases, especially in Asia. OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of HAdV7 infection outbreak in East China. METHODS The clinical samples were collected from the patients of an ARD outbreak in East Chinafor the detection of causative pathogens by multiplex PCR. The molecular type of human adenovirus isolates were identified by sequencing and homologous comparison based on their hexon genes. The spatiotemporal dynamics of global HAdV7 was investigated using the phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses. Total 67 referenced HAdV7 hexon sequences (>800 bp) from GenBank were selected for constructing the maximum likelihood tree by MEGA 5.1.0, grouped according to the tree topology for the further migration analysis by PAUP* 4.0 and MigraPhyla 1.0 b to understand the transmission patterns of HAdV7 in global epidemics. RESULTS The results showed HAdV7 as the causative pathogen in this outbreak, and the outbreak strains had the hexon sequences highly identical with the isolates in Shaanxi (2012). The origin of HAdV7 was inferred as California, meanwhile a total of 21 migration routes were acquired. HAdV7 in this outbreak was statistically proven dispersed from Shaanxi province (2012). CONCLUSIONS The analyses of epidemiology and transmission pattern of HAdV7 would not only enrich the molecular biological basic database but also provide theoretical basis for HAdV7 prevention and control strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, The 117th Hospital of PLAHangzhou,China
| | - Xiaoping Qi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The 117th Hospital of PLAHangzhou, China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The 117th Hospital of PLAHangzhou, China
| | - Xujian Xu
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
| | - Guozheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, The 117th Hospital of PLAHangzhou,China
| | - Yuzhu Dai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, The 117th Hospital of PLAHangzhou,China
| | - Dawei Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Qingyong Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The 117th Hospital of PLAHangzhou, China
| | - Ping Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The 113rd Hospital of PLANingbo, China
| | - Liuda Ni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The 85th Hospital of PLAShanghai, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Radio Diagnosis and Imaging, The 117th Hospital of PLAHangzhou, China
| | - Feiyan Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The 117th Hospital of PLAHangzhou, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Infection Control, The 117th Hospital of PLAHangzhou, China
| | - Changjun Wang
- Institute of Military Medical Sciences of Nanjing Military CommandNanjing, China
| | - Yuexi Li
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Military CommandNanjing, China
| | - Changgui Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, The 117th Hospital of PLAHangzhou,China
| | - Zhongyong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou, China
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Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are an important cause of infections in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals, and they continue to provide clinical challenges pertaining to diagnostics and treatment. The growing number of HAdV types identified by genomic analysis, as well as the improved understanding of the sites of viral persistence and reactivation, requires continuous adaptions of diagnostic approaches to facilitate timely detection and monitoring of HAdV infections. In view of the clinical relevance of life-threatening HAdV diseases in the immunocompromised setting, there is an urgent need for highly effective treatment modalities lacking major side effects. The present review summarizes the recent progress in the understanding and management of HAdV infections.
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Kim TH, Yim CH, Ahn SY, Kang KJ, Choi YM, Ko JH, Choi KE, Lee JH, Lee WW. Clinical features of respiratory adenovirus infections in pediatric inpatients in a single medical center. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2015. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2015.3.6.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Gwangmyeong Sungae Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | - Chung Hyuk Yim
- Department of Pediatrics, Gwangmyeong Sungae Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | - Sung Yoon Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Gwangmyeong Sungae Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | - Kook Jin Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Gwangmyeong Sungae Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | - Yu Mi Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Gwangmyeong Sungae Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Gwangmyeong Sungae Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | - Kyong Eun Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Gwangmyeong Sungae Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Gwangmyeong Sungae Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | - Won Wook Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Gwangmyeong Sungae Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Korea
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