Social self-efficacy associated with HbA1c through physical activity and diabetes quality of life: A serial mediation study

Quality of life related to the clinical and sociodemographic profile of adolescents with type 1 diabetes

OBJECTIVE

To describe the clinical and sociodemographic profile and associate them with the quality of life of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus being followed up in a public hospital in an inner city of the state of São Paulo.

METHOD

Quantitative, cross-sectional, and analytical study, performed with 80 dyads. Data were collected through a clinical/sociodemographic form and a Quality of Life Instrument. For analysis, descriptive statistics were used, and Pearson's Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were applied to assess the association between quality of life and clinical/sociodemographic variables.

RESULTS

Out of the total participants, the ones who scored high quality of life were mostly, female (52.5%), in the age group 15 to 17 years old (56.3%), 51.3% self-identified as white, and 40.1% were attending high school. In the preoccupation domain, a significant association was found to the time since diagnosis (p=0.035), demonstrating that young adolescents with a longer time of diagnosis had a worse quality of life.

CONCLUSION

The majority of adolescents in this study (51.3%) had been living with diabetes for 10 or more years. It was identified that the duration of the diagnosis has the potential to interfere with the quality of life of these young individuals.

Influence of Family Social Support and Diabetes Self-Efficacy on the Emotional Wellbeing of Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: A Longitudinal Study

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic disease that is usually diagnosed in childhood, underscoring the importance of early disease control for overall wellbeing. Our aim was to design an explanatory model of subjective emotional wellbeing in children and adolescents with T1D. A longitudinal study was conducted at the Reina Sofia University Hospital in Cordoba (Spain). A total of 151 patients (mean age = 14.50, SD = 2.67; 41.1% girls) participated at T1, while 97 participated at T2 (mean age = 14.93, SD = 2.56; 39.2% girls). Participants completed a self-report questionnaire. Descriptive, reliability, correlation, path, and mediation analyses were performed. The explanatory model showed excellent fit indices [χ² (10) = 8.62, p = 0.57, RMSEA = 0.00, 95% [0.00, 0.10], CFI = 1.00, GFI = 0.98, AGFI = 0.93, and TLI = 1.01]. The results showed significant and positive relationships between family social support and subjective emotional wellbeing and improved self-care skills. Self-efficacy presented a mediating role between family social support and subjective emotional wellbeing. Given that self-efficacy is a self-regulatory mechanism and a determinant of health, it is argued that future psychoeducational interventions could aim to improve self-efficacy to manage chronic diseases, to achieve greater emotional wellbeing in children and adolescents with T1D.

Mediating effect of kinesiophobia between self-efficacy and physical activity levels in post-CABG patients: protocol for a prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional study in China

INTRODUCTION

Physical activity (PA) can improve cardiac function, exercise capacity, and quality of life, in addition to reducing mortality by 20%-30% and preventing the recurrence of adverse cardiovascular events in patients following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). However, PA levels are low in patients after CABG. This study intends to explore the mediating effect of kinesiophobia between self-efficacy and PA levels in patients following CABG.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS

The proposed study constitutes a prospective, multicentre and cross-sectional study comprising 413 patients. Four teaching hospitals with good reputations in CABG will be included in the study. All of them are located in Beijing, China, and provide medical service to the whole country. This study will assess the following patient-reported outcome measures: demographic information, International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long, Social Support Rating Scale, Cardiac Exercise Self-Efficacy Instrument, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia Heart.

ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION

This study conforms to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant ethical guidelines. Ethical approval has been obtained from the Ethics Committee of The Sixth Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital (approval number: HZKY-PJ-2022-2). All study participants will provide written informed consent. Findings from this study will be published in Chinese or English for widespread dissemination of the results.

TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER

Chinese Clinical Trial Register, ChiCTR2100054098.