1
|
Zhou Y, Zheng M, Gong Y, Huang J, Wang J, Xu N, Tong Y, Chen Y, Jiang Q, Cai Y, Zhou Y. Changing seroprevalence of schistosomiasis japonica in China from 1982 to 2020: A systematic review and spatial analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012466. [PMID: 39226311 PMCID: PMC11398675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis is a global public health issue. In China, while the seroprevalence of Schistosomiasis japonica has currently reduced to a relatively low level, risk of infection still exists in certain areas. However, there has been a lack of comprehensive research on the long-term trends of national seroprevalence, changes across age groups, and characteristics in spatial distribution, which is crucial for effectively targeting interventions and achieving the goal of eliminating schistosomiasis by 2030. Our study aimed to address this gap by analyzing the long-term trends of Schistosomiasis japonica seroprevalence in China from 1982 to 2020 based on the data from diverse sources spanning a period of 39 years. METHODOLOGY Seroprevalence data were collected from literature databases and national schistosomiasis surveillance system. Meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence. Joinpoint model was used to identify changing trend and inflection point. Inverse distance weighted interpolation was used to determine the spatial distribution of seroprevalence. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The seroprevalence decreased from 34.8% in 1982 to 2.4% in 2020 in China. Before 2006, the seroprevalence was higher in the middle age group, and a pattern of increasing with age was observed afterwards. The areas with high seroprevalence existed in Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake, Jianghan Plain, the Anhui branch of the Yangtze River and some localized mountainous regions in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE There was a significant decline in the seroprevalence of Schistosomiasis japonica from 1982 to 2020 in China. Nevertheless, schistosomiasis has not been eradicated; thus, implementing precise and personalized monitoring measures is crucial for the elimination of schistosomiasis, especially in endemic areas and with a particular focus on the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Mao Zheng
- Hunan Institute for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yanfeng Gong
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhui Huang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiamin Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Xu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixin Tong
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Chen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Qingwu Jiang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Hunan Institute for Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yibiao Zhou
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Fudan University Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Adel Madbouly N, Emam M, Ayman M, Ayman M, Rabia I, El Amir A. In vitro and in vivo impacts of nifedipine and diltiazem on praziquantel chemotherapy in murine Schistosoma mansoni. Exp Parasitol 2022; 236-237:108256. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
3
|
Arndts K, Elfaki TEM, Doenhoff MJ, Katawa G, Goreish IA, Atti El Mekki MEYA, Hoerauf A, Ritter M, Layland LE. Distinct Schistosoma mansoni-Specific Immunoglobulin Subclasses Are Induced by Different Schistosoma mansoni Stages-A Tool to Decipher Schistosoma mansoni Infection Stages. Pathogens 2021; 11:pathogens11010019. [PMID: 35055967 PMCID: PMC8778779 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the existence of an effective medication against schistosomiasis, the disease remains a major health problem in affected areas, especially for those lacking appropriate sanitary facilities. Moreover, treatment cannot prevent re-infection since it is only effective on adult schistosome worms. Previous retrospective studies in the Sudan have discovered unique immuno-epidemiological profiles in uninfected individuals and those positive for Schistosoma mansoni via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) but egg-negative and those with eggs in their stool. Expanding on these data, serum samples from these individuals were further investigated for the presence of cercarial (SmCTF)-specific antibodies, which would indicate immune responses at the early stages of infection. Indeed, SmCTF IgG1, 2, 3 and 4 levels were significantly elevated in SmPCR+ individuals when compared to egg+ patients. Following multivariable regression analysis, including SmCTF-specific Igs, Schistosoma egg antigen (SEA)-specific and Schistosoma worm antigen (SWA)-specific immunoglobulins revealed a specific immunoglobulin (Ig) profile of individuals presenting different states of infection, which may be a useful future tool in order to identify egg− individuals and thereby prevent unnecessary treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Arndts
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn (UKB), 53127 Bonn, Germany; (K.A.); (A.H.); (M.R.)
| | - Tayseer E. M. Elfaki
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum 13311, Sudan; (T.E.M.E.); (M.E.Y.A.A.E.M.)
| | - Michael J. Doenhoff
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Gnatoulma Katawa
- Unité de Recherche en Immunologie et Immunomodulation (UR2IM), Ecole Supérieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires (ESTBA), University of Lome, Lomé BP 1515, Togo;
| | - Ibtisam A. Goreish
- Animal Resources Research Corporation, Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Rangelands, Khartoum 13311, Sudan;
| | - Misk El Yemen A. Atti El Mekki
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, College of Medical Laboratory Science, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum 13311, Sudan; (T.E.M.E.); (M.E.Y.A.A.E.M.)
| | - Achim Hoerauf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn (UKB), 53127 Bonn, Germany; (K.A.); (A.H.); (M.R.)
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Neglected Tropical Disease, Partner Site, Bonn-Cologne, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- German-West African Centre for Global Health and Pandemic Prevention (G-WAC), Partner Site Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Manuel Ritter
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn (UKB), 53127 Bonn, Germany; (K.A.); (A.H.); (M.R.)
| | - Laura E. Layland
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn (UKB), 53127 Bonn, Germany; (K.A.); (A.H.); (M.R.)
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Neglected Tropical Disease, Partner Site, Bonn-Cologne, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-228-287-11387; Fax: +49-228-287-19573
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Panzner U, Excler JL, Kim JH, Marks F, Carter D, Siddiqui AA. Recent Advances and Methodological Considerations on Vaccine Candidates for Human Schistosomiasis. FRONTIERS IN TROPICAL DISEASES 2021; 2:719369. [PMID: 39280170 PMCID: PMC11392908 DOI: 10.3389/fitd.2021.719369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis remains a neglected tropical disease of major public health concern with high levels of morbidity in various parts of the world. Although considerable efforts in implementing mass drug administration programs utilizing praziquantel have been deployed, schistosomiasis is still not contained. A vaccine may therefore be an essential part of multifaceted prevention control efforts. In the 1990s, a joint United Nations committee promoting parasite vaccines shortlisted promising candidates including for schistosomiasis discussed below. After examining the complexity of immune responses in human hosts infected with schistosomes, we review and discuss the antigen design and preclinical and clinical development of the four leading vaccine candidates: Sm-TSP-2 in Phase 1b/2b, Sm14 in Phase 2a/2b, Sm-p80 in Phase 1 preparation, and Sh28GST in Phase 3. Our assessment of currently leading vaccine candidates revealed some methodological issues that preclude a fair comparison between candidates and the rationale to advance in clinical development. These include (1) variability in animal models - in particular non-human primate studies - and predictive values of each for protection in humans; (2) lack of consensus on the assessment of parasitological and immunological parameters; (3) absence of reliable surrogate markers of protection; (4) lack of well-designed parasitological and immunological natural history studies in the context of mass drug administration with praziquantel. The controlled human infection model - while promising and unique - requires validation against efficacy outcomes in endemic settings. Further research is also needed on the impact of advanced adjuvants targeting specific parts of the innate immune system that may induce potent, protective and durable immune responses with the ultimate goal of achieving meaningful worm reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Panzner
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, South Korea
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jerome H Kim
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Florian Marks
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, South Korea
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | - Afzal A Siddiqui
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Panzner U, Boissier J. Natural Intra- and Interclade Human Hybrid Schistosomes in Africa with Considerations on Prevention through Vaccination. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9071465. [PMID: 34361901 PMCID: PMC8305539 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Causal agents of schistosomiasis are dioecious, digenean schistosomes affecting mankind in 76 countries. Preventive measures are manifold but need to be complemented by vaccination for long-term protection; vaccine candidates in advanced pre-clinical/clinical stages include Sm14, Sm-TSP-2/Sm-TSP-2Al®, Smp80/SchistoShield®, and Sh28GST/Bilhvax®. Natural and anthropogenic changes impact on breaking species isolation barriers favoring introgressive hybridization, i.e., allelic exchange among gene pools of sympatric, interbreeding species leading to instant large genetic diversity. Phylogenetic distance matters, thus the less species differ phylogenetically the more likely they hybridize. PubMed and Embase databases were searched for publications limited to hybridale confirmation by mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (COX) and/or nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS). Human schistosomal hybrids are predominantly reported from West Africa with clustering in the Senegal River Basin, and scattering to Europe, Central and Eastern Africa. Noteworthy is the dominance of Schistosoma haematobium interbreeding with human and veterinary species leading due to hybrid vigor to extinction and homogenization as seen for S. guineensis in Cameroon and S. haematobium in Niger, respectively. Heterosis seems to advantage S. haematobium/S. bovis interbreeds with dominant S. haematobium-ITS/S. bovis-COX1 profile to spread from West to East Africa and reoccur in France. S. haematobium/S. mansoni interactions seen among Senegalese and Côte d’Ivoirian children are unexpected due to their high phylogenetic distance. Detecting pure S. bovis and S. bovis/S. curassoni crosses capable of infecting humans observed in Corsica and Côte d’Ivoire, and Niger, respectively, is worrisome. Taken together, species hybridization urges control and preventive measures targeting human and veterinary sectors in line with the One-Health concept to be complemented by vaccination protecting against transmission, infection, and disease recurrence. Functional and structural diversity of naturally occurring human schistosomal hybrids may impact current vaccine candidates requiring further research including natural history studies in endemic areas targeted for clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Panzner
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-176-6657-2910
| | - Jerome Boissier
- IHPE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, University of Perpignan, 66860 Perpignan, France;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gaspard J, Usey MM, Fredericks-James M, Sanchez-Martin MJ, Atkins L, Campbell CH, Corstjens PLAM, van Dam GJ, Colley DG, Secor WE. Survey of Schistosomiasis in Saint Lucia: Evidence for Interruption of Transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 102:827-831. [PMID: 32043449 PMCID: PMC7124901 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Saint Lucia at one time had levels of schistosomiasis prevalence and morbidity as high as many countries in Africa. However, as a result of control efforts and economic development, including more widespread access to sanitation and safe water, schistosomiasis on the island has practically disappeared. To evaluate the current status of schistosomiasis in Saint Lucia, we conducted a nationally representative school-based survey of 8–11-year-old children for prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infections using circulating antigen and specific antibody detection methods. We also conducted a questionnaire about available water sources, sanitation, and contact with fresh water. The total population of 8–11-year-old children on Saint Lucia was 8,985; of these, 1,487 (16.5%) provided urine for antigen testing, 1,455 (16.2%) provided fingerstick blood for antibody testing, and 1,536 (17.1%) answered the questionnaire. Although a few children were initially low positives by antigen or antibody detection methods, none could be confirmed positive by follow-up testing. Most children reported access to clean water and sanitary facilities in or near their homes and 48% of the children reported contact with fresh water. Together, these data suggest that schistosomiasis transmission has been interrupted on Saint Lucia. Additional surveys of adults, snails, and a repeat survey among school-age children will be necessary to verify these findings. However, in the same way that research on Saint Lucia generated the data leading to use of mass drug administration for schistosomiasis control, the island may also provide the information needed for guidelines to verify interruption of schistosomiasis transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Madelaine M Usey
- Integrated Life Sciences Program, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | | | - Maria J Sanchez-Martin
- Neglected Infectious Diseases, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Lydia Atkins
- Ministry of Health and Wellness, Castries, Saint Lucia
| | - Carl H Campbell
- Schistosomiasis Consortium for Operational Research and Evaluation, Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Paul L A M Corstjens
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Govert J van Dam
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Daniel G Colley
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Schistosomiasis Consortium for Operational Research and Evaluation, Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - W Evan Secor
- Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mogeni P, Vandormael A, Cuadros D, Appleton C, Tanser F. Impact of community piped water coverage on re-infection with urogenital schistosomiasis in rural South Africa. eLife 2020; 9:54012. [PMID: 32178761 PMCID: PMC7108860 DOI: 10.7554/elife.54012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated that coverage of piped water in the seven years preceding a parasitological survey was strongly predictive of Schistosomiasis haematobium infection in a nested cohort of 1976 primary school children (Tanser, 2018). Here, we report on the prospective follow up of infected members of this nested cohort (N = 333) for two successive rounds following treatment. Using a negative binomial regression fitted to egg count data, we found that every percentage point increase in piped water coverage was associated with 4.4% decline in intensity of re-infection (incidence rate ratio = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93–0.98, p=0.004) among the treated children. We therefore provide further compelling evidence in support of the scaleup of piped water as an effective control strategy against Schistosoma haematobium transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Polycarp Mogeni
- Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.,School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.,KwaZulu-Natal Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Alain Vandormael
- Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.,School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.,KwaZulu-Natal Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.,Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Diego Cuadros
- Department of Geography and Geographic Information Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States.,Health Geography and Disease Modeling Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Christopher Appleton
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Frank Tanser
- Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.,School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.,Lincoln International Institute for Rural Health, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fukushige M, Mutapi F, Woolhouse ME. Population level changes in schistosome-specific antibody levels following chemotherapy. Parasite Immunol 2019; 41:e12604. [PMID: 30467873 PMCID: PMC6492179 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Previous studies have reported that chemotherapy of schistosomiasis by praziquantel in humans boosts protective antibody responses against S mansoni and S haematobium. A number of studies have reported schistosome-specific antibody levels before and after chemotherapy. Using these reports, a meta-analysis was conducted to identify predictors of population level change in schistosome-specific antibody levels after chemotherapy. METHODS AND RESULTS Following a systematic review, 92 observations from 26 articles published between 1988 and 2013 were included in this study. Observations were grouped by antigen type and antibody isotypes for the classification and regression tree (CART) analysis. The study showed that the change in antibody levels was variable: (a) between different human populations and (b) according to the parasite antigen and antibody isotypes. Thus, while anti-worm responses predominantly increased after chemotherapy, anti-egg responses decreased or did not show a significant trend. The change in antibody levels depended on a combination of age and infection intensity for anti-egg IgA, IgM, IgG1, IgG2 and anti-worm IgM and IgG. CONCLUSION The study results are consistent with praziquantel treatment boosting anti-worm antibody responses. However, there is considerable heterogeneity in post-treatment changes in specific antibody levels that is related to host age and pre-treatment infection intensity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mizuho Fukushige
- Present address:
Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
- Centre for ImmunityInfection & EvolutionCollege of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Francisca Mutapi
- Institute of Immunology and Infection ResearchCentre for ImmunityInfection & EvolutionSchool of Biological SciencesNIHR Global Health Research Unit Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa (TIBA)University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Mark E.J. Woolhouse
- Centre for ImmunityInfection & Evolution, and Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences & InformaticsCollege of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| |
Collapse
|