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Zhu C, Lin Z, Liu Y, Li H, Di X, Li T, Wang J, Gao Z. A bamboo bHLH transcription factor PeRHL4 has dual functions in enhancing drought and phosphorus starvation tolerance. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 38644587 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
ROOTHAIRLESS (RHL) is a typical type of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor (TF), which has been reported to participate in various aspects of plant growth and in response to stress. However, the functions of RHL subfamily members in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) remain unknown. In this study, we identified 14 bHLH genes (PeRHL1-PeRHL14) in moso bamboo. Phylogenetic tree and conserved motif analyses showed that PeRHLs were clustered into three clades. The expression analysis suggested that PeRHL4 was co-expressed with PeTIP1-1 and PePHT1-1 in moso bamboo. Moreover, these three genes were all up-regulated in moso bamboo under drought stress and phosphate starvation. Y1H, DLR and EMSA assays demonstrated that PeRHL4 could activate the expression of PeTIP1-1 and PePHT1-1. Furthermore, overexpression of PeRHL4 could increase both drought and phosphate starvation tolerance in transgenic rice, in which the expression of OsTIPs and OsPHT1s was significantly improved, respectively. Overall, our results indicated that drought stress and phosphate starvation could induce the expression of PeRHL4, which in turn activated downstream genes involved in water and phosphate transport. Collectively, our findings reveal that PeRHL4 acting as a positive regulator contributes to enhancing the tolerance of moso bamboo under drought stress and phosphate starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Zeming Lin
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Di
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Tiankuo Li
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimin Gao
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
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Nasr Esfahani M, Sonnewald U. Unlocking dynamic root phenotypes for simultaneous enhancement of water and phosphorus uptake. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108386. [PMID: 38280257 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) and water are crucial for plant growth, but their availability is challenged by climate change, leading to reduced crop production and global food security. In many agricultural soils, crop productivity is confronted by both water and P limitations. The diminished soil moisture decreases available P due to reduced P diffusion, and inadequate P availability diminishes tissue water status through modifications in stomatal conductance and a decrease in root hydraulic conductance. P and water display contrasting distributions in the soil, with P being concentrated in the topsoil and water in the subsoil. Plants adapt to water- and P-limited environments by efficiently exploring localized resource hotspots of P and water through the adaptation of their root system. Thus, developing cultivars with improved root architecture is crucial for accessing and utilizing P and water from arid and P-deficient soils. To meet this goal, breeding towards multiple advantageous root traits can lead to better cultivars for water- and P-limited environments. This review discusses the interplay of P and water availability and highlights specific root traits that enhance the exploration and exploitation of optimal resource-rich soil strata while reducing metabolic costs. We propose root ideotype models, including 'topsoil foraging', 'subsoil foraging', and 'topsoil/subsoil foraging' for maize (monocot) and common bean (dicot). These models integrate beneficial root traits and guide the development of water- and P-efficient cultivars for challenging environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Nasr Esfahani
- Department of Biology, Chair of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Uwe Sonnewald
- Department of Biology, Chair of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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Liu T, Kreszies T. The exodermis: A forgotten but promising apoplastic barrier. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 290:154118. [PMID: 37871477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The endodermis and exodermis are widely recognized as two important barriers in plant roots that play a role in regulating the movement of water and ions. While the endodermis is present in nearly all plant roots, the exodermis, characterized by Casparian strips and suberin lamellae is absent in certain plant species. The exodermis can be classified into three types: uniform, dimorphic, and inducible exodermis. Apart from its role in water and ion transport, the exodermis acts as a protective barrier against harmful substances present in the external environment. Furthermore, the exodermis is a complex barrier influenced by various environmental factors, and its resistance to water and ions varies depending on the type of exodermis and the maturity of the root. Therefore, investigations concerning the exodermis necessitate a plant-specific approach. However, our current understanding of the exodermal physiological functions and molecular mechanisms governing its development is limited due to the absence of an exodermis in the model plant Arabidopsis. Due to that, unfortunately, the exodermis has been largely overlooked until now. In this review, we aim to summarize the current fundamental knowledge regarding the exodermis in common research used crop species and propose suggestions for future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- Institute of Applied Plant Nutrition, University of Göttingen, Carl-Sprengel-Weg 1, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tino Kreszies
- Plant Nutrition and Crop Physiology, University of Göttingen, Carl-Sprengel-Weg 1, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
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Khan F, Siddique AB, Shabala S, Zhou M, Zhao C. Phosphorus Plays Key Roles in Regulating Plants' Physiological Responses to Abiotic Stresses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2861. [PMID: 37571014 PMCID: PMC10421280 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P), an essential macronutrient, plays a pivotal role in the growth and development of plants. However, the limited availability of phosphorus in soil presents significant challenges for crop productivity, especially when plants are subjected to abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity and extreme temperatures. Unraveling the intricate mechanisms through which phosphorus participates in the physiological responses of plants to abiotic stresses is essential to ensure the sustainability of agricultural production systems. This review aims to analyze the influence of phosphorus supply on various aspects of plant growth and plant development under hostile environmental conditions, with a special emphasis on stomatal development and operation. Furthermore, we discuss recently discovered genes associated with P-dependent stress regulation and evaluate the feasibility of implementing P-based agricultural practices to mitigate the adverse effects of abiotic stress. Our objective is to provide molecular and physiological insights into the role of P in regulating plants' tolerance to abiotic stresses, underscoring the significance of efficient P use strategies for agricultural sustainability. The potential benefits and limitations of P-based strategies and future research directions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Khan
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (F.K.); (A.B.S.); (M.Z.)
| | - Abu Bakar Siddique
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (F.K.); (A.B.S.); (M.Z.)
| | - Sergey Shabala
- School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (F.K.); (A.B.S.); (M.Z.)
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia; (F.K.); (A.B.S.); (M.Z.)
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5
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Lu Y, Fricke W. Diurnal changes in apoplast bypass flow of water and ions in salt-stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13955. [PMID: 37323067 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to quantify the contribution of apoplastic bypass flow to the uptake of water and salt across the root cylinder of wheat and barley during day and night. Plants were grown on hydroponics until they were 14-17 days old and then analysed over a single day (16 h) or night (8 h) period while being exposed to different concentrations of NaCl (50, 100, 150 and 200 mM NaCl). Exposure to salt started just before the experiment (short-term stress) or had started 6d before (longer-term stress). Bypass flow was quantified using the apoplastic tracer dye 8-hydroxy-1,3,6-pyrenesulphonic acid (PTS). The percent contribution of bypass flow to root water uptake increased in response to salt stress and during the night and amounted to up to 4.4%. Bypass flow across the root cylinder of Na+ and Cl- made up 2%-12% of the net delivery of these ions to the shoot; this percentage changed little (wheat) or decreased (barley) during the night. Changes in the contribution of bypass flow to the net uptake of water, Na+ and Cl- in response to salt stress and day/night are the combined result of changes in xylem tension, the contribution of alternative cell-to-cell flow path and the requirement to generate xylem osmotic pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Lu
- School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Wieland Fricke
- School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
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Vysotskaya L, Akhiyarova G, Seldimirova O, Nuzhnaya T, Galin I, Ivanov R, Kudoyarova G. Effect of ipt Gene Induction in Transgenic Tobacco Plants on Hydraulic Conductance, Formation of Apoplastic Barriers and Aquaporin Activity under Heat Shock. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9860. [PMID: 37373010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokinins are known to keep stomata open, which supports gas exchange and correlates with increased photosynthesis. However, keeping the stomata open can be detrimental if the increased transpiration is not compensated for by water supply to the shoots. In this study, we traced the effect of ipt (isopentenyl transferase) gene induction, which increases the concentration of cytokinins in transgenic tobacco plants, on transpiration and hydraulic conductivity. Since water flow depends on the conductivity of the apoplast, the deposition of lignin and suberin in the apoplast was studied by staining with berberine. The effect of an increased concentration of cytokinins on the flow of water through aquaporins (AQPs) was revealed by inhibition of AQPs with HgCl2. It was shown that an elevated concentration of cytokinins in ipt-transgenic plants increases hydraulic conductivity by enhancing the activity of aquaporins and reducing the formation of apoplastic barriers. The simultaneous effect of cytokinins on both stomatal and hydraulic conductivity makes it possible to coordinate the evaporation of water from leaves and its flow from roots to leaves, thereby maintaining the water balance and leaf hydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiya Vysotskaya
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Octyabrya 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Guzel Akhiyarova
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Octyabrya 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Oksana Seldimirova
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Octyabrya 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Tatiana Nuzhnaya
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Octyabrya 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Ilshat Galin
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Octyabrya 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Ruslan Ivanov
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Octyabrya 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Guzel Kudoyarova
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Octyabrya 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
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Akhtyamova Z, Martynenko E, Arkhipova T, Seldimirova O, Galin I, Belimov A, Vysotskaya L, Kudoyarova G. Influence of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria on the Formation of Apoplastic Barriers and Uptake of Water and Potassium by Wheat Plants. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1227. [PMID: 37317202 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of apoplastic barriers is important for controlling the uptake of water and ions by plants, thereby influencing plant growth. However, the effects of plant growth-promoting bacteria on the formation of apoplastic barriers, and the relationship between these effects and the ability of bacteria to influence the content of hormones in plants, have not been sufficiently studied. The content of cytokinins, auxins and potassium, characteristics of water relations, deposition of lignin and suberin and the formation of Casparian bands in the root endodermis of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) plants were evaluated after the introduction of the cytokinin-producing bacterium Bacillus subtilis IB-22 or the auxin-producing bacterium Pseudomonas mandelii IB-Ki14 into their rhizosphere. The experiments were carried out in laboratory conditions in pots with agrochernozem at an optimal level of illumination and watering. Both strains increased shoot biomass, leaf area and chlorophyll content in leaves. Bacteria enhanced the formation of apoplastic barriers, which were most pronounced when plants were treated with P. mandelii IB-Ki14. At the same time, P. mandelii IB-Ki14 caused no decrease in the hydraulic conductivity, while inoculation with B. subtilis IB-22, increased hydraulic conductivity. Cell wall lignification reduced the potassium content in the roots, but did not affect its content in the shoots of plants inoculated with P. mandelii IB-Ki14. Inoculation with B. subtilis IB-22 did not change the potassium content in the roots, but increased it in the shoots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarina Akhtyamova
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Elena Martynenko
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Tatiana Arkhipova
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Oksana Seldimirova
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Ilshat Galin
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Andrey Belimov
- Group of Culture of Beneficial Microorganisms, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Podbelskogo sh. 3, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Lidiya Vysotskaya
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Guzel Kudoyarova
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
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Martynenko E, Arkhipova T, Akhiyarova G, Sharipova G, Galin I, Seldimirova O, Ivanov R, Nuzhnaya T, Finkina E, Ovchinnikova T, Kudoyarova G. Effects of a Pseudomonas Strain on the Lipid Transfer Proteins, Appoplast Barriers and Activity of Aquaporins Associated with Hydraulic Conductance of Pea Plants. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:208. [PMID: 36837711 PMCID: PMC9959925 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) are known to be involved in suberin deposition in the Casparian bands of pea roots, thereby reinforcing apoplast barriers. Moreover, the Pseudomonas mandelii IB-Ki14 strain accelerated formation of the Casparian bands in wheat plants, although involvement of LTPs in the process was not studied. Here, we investigated the effects of P. mandelii IB-Ki14 on LTPs, formation of the Casparian bands, hydraulic conductance and activity of aquaporins (AQPs) in pea plants. RT PCR showed a 1.6-1.9-fold up-regulation of the PsLTP-coding genes and an increase in the abundance of LTP proteins in the phloem of pea roots induced by the treatment with P. mandelii IB-Ki14. The treatment was accompanied with increased deposition of suberin in the Casparian bands. Hydraulic conductance did not decrease in association with the bacterial treatment despite strengthening of the apoplast barriers. At the same time, the Fenton reagent, serving as an AQPs inhibitor, decreased hydraulic conductance to a greater extent in treated plants relative to the control group, indicating an increase in the AQP activity by the bacteria. We hypothesize that P. mandelii IB-Ki14 stimulates deposition of suberin, in the biosynthesis of which LTPs are involved, and increases aquaporin activity, which in turn prevents a decrease in hydraulic conductance due to formation of the apoplast barriers in pea roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Martynenko
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, RAS, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Tatiana Arkhipova
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, RAS, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Guzel Akhiyarova
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, RAS, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Guzel Sharipova
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, RAS, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Ilshat Galin
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, RAS, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Oksana Seldimirova
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, RAS, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Ruslan Ivanov
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, RAS, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Tatiana Nuzhnaya
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, RAS, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Finkina
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Ovchinnikova
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Guzel Kudoyarova
- Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Centre, RAS, Prospekt Oktyabrya, 69, 450054 Ufa, Russia
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Nezamivand-Chegini M, Metzger S, Moghadam A, Tahmasebi A, Koprivova A, Eshghi S, Mohammadi-Dehchesmeh M, Kopriva S, Niazi A, Ebrahimie E. Integration of transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses provides insights into response mechanisms to nitrogen and phosphorus deficiencies in soybean. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 326:111498. [PMID: 36252857 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are two essential plant macronutrients that can limit plant growth by different mechanisms. We aimed to shed light on how soybean respond to low nitrogen (LN), low phosphorus (LP) and their combined deficiency (LNP). Generally, these conditions triggered changes in gene expression of the same processes, including cell wall organization, defense response, response to oxidative stress, and photosynthesis, however, response was different in each condition. A typical primary response to LN and LP was detected also in soybean, i.e., the enhanced uptake of N and P, respectively, by upregulation of genes for the corresponding transporters. The regulation of genes involved in cell wall organization showed that in LP roots tended to produce more casparian strip, in LN more secondary wall biosynthesis occurred, and in LNP reduction in expression of genes involved in secondary wall production accompanied by cell wall loosening was observed. Flavonoid biosynthesis also showed distinct pattern of regulation in different conditions: more anthocyanin production in LP, and more isoflavonoid production in LN and LNP, which we confirmed also on the metabolite level. Interestingly, in soybean the nutrient deficiencies reduced defense response by lowering expression of genes involved in defense response, suggesting a role of N and P nutrition in plant disease resistance. In conclusion, we provide detailed information on how LN, LP, and LNP affect different processes in soybean roots on the molecular and physiological levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabine Metzger
- MS Platform, Institute for Plant Sciences, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute for Plant Sciences, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ali Moghadam
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Anna Koprivova
- Institute for Plant Sciences, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Saeid Eshghi
- Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Stanislav Kopriva
- Institute for Plant Sciences, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ali Niazi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Esmaeil Ebrahimie
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5371, Australia; La Trobe Genomics Research Platform, School of Life Sciences, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia.
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10
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Liu X, Wang P, An Y, Wang CM, Hao Y, Zhou Y, Zhou Q, Wang P. Endodermal apoplastic barriers are linked to osmotic tolerance in meso-xerophytic grass Elymus sibiricus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1007494. [PMID: 36212320 PMCID: PMC9539332 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1007494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Drought is the most serious adversity faced by agriculture and animal husbandry industries. One strategy that plants use to adapt to water deficits is modifying the root growth and architecture. Root endodermis has cell walls reinforced with apoplastic barriers formed by the Casparian strip (CS) and suberin lamellae (SL) deposits, regulates radial nutrient transport and protects the vascular cylinder from abiotic threats. Elymus sibiricus is an economically important meso-xerophytic forage grass, characterized by high nutritional quality and strong environmental adaptability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the drought tolerance of E. sibiricus genotypes and investigate the root structural adaptation mechanism of drought-tolerant genotypes' responding to drought. Specifically, a drought tolerant (DT) and drought sensitive (DS) genotype were screened out from 52 E. sibiricus genotypes. DT showed less apoplastic bypass flow of water and solutes than DS under control conditions, as determined with a hydraulic conductivity measurement system and an apoplastic fluorescent tracer, specifically PTS trisodium-8-hydroxy-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulphonic acid (PTS). In addition, DT accumulated less Na, Mg, Mn, and Zn and more Ni, Cu, and Al than DS, regardless of osmotic stress. Further study showed more suberin deposition in DT than in DS, which could be induced by osmotic stress in both. Accordingly, the CS and SL were deposited closer to the root tip in DT than in DS. However, osmotic stress induced their deposition closer to the root tips in DS, while likely increasing the thickness of the CS and SL in DT. The stronger and earlier formation of endodermal barriers may determine the radial transport pathways of water and solutes, and contribute to balance growth and drought response in E. sibiricus. These results could help us better understand how altered endodermal apoplastic barriers in roots regulate water and mineral nutrient transport in plants that have adapted to drought environments. Moreover, the current findings will aid in improving future breeding programs to develop drought-tolerant grass or crop cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongping An
- Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chun-Mei Wang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanbo Hao
- Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingping Zhou
- Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
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The Effects of Rhizosphere Inoculation with Pseudomonas mandelii on Formation of Apoplast Barriers, HvPIP2 Aquaporins and Hydraulic Conductance of Barley. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10050935. [PMID: 35630379 PMCID: PMC9147626 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10050935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas mandelii strain IB-Ki14 has recently been shown to strengthen the apoplastic barriers of salt-stressed plants, which prevents the entry of toxic sodium. It was of interest to find out whether the same effect manifests itself in the absence of salinity and how this affects the hydraulic conductivity of barley plants. Berberine staining confirmed that the bacterial treatment enhanced the deposition of lignin and suberin and formation of Casparian bands in the roots of barley plants. The calculation of hydraulic conductance by relating transpiration to leaf water potential showed that it did not decrease in bacteria-treated plants. We hypothesized that reduced apoplastic conductivity could be compensated by the higher conductivity of the water pathway across the membranes. This assumption was confirmed by the results of the immunolocalization of HvPIP2;5 aquaporins with specific antibodies, showing their increased abundance around the areas of the endodermis and exodermis of bacteria-treated plants. The immunolocalization with antibodies against auxins and abscisic acid revealed elevated levels of these hormones in the roots of plants treated with bacteria. This root accumulation of hormones is likely to be associated with the ability of Pseudomonas mandelii IB-Ki14 to synthesize these hormones. The involvement of abscisic acid in the control of aquaporin abundance and auxins—in the regulation of and formation of apoplast barriers—is discussed.
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Yang H, Wang C, Chen F, Yue L, Cao X, Li J, Zhao X, Wu F, Wang Z, Xing B. Foliar carbon dot amendment modulates carbohydrate metabolism, rhizospheric properties and drought tolerance in maize seedling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:151105. [PMID: 34688768 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Improving maize drought tolerance is of great importance for scaling up production due to food security and population growth. Carbon dots (CDs) were synthesized by hydrothermal method with citric acid and ethylenediamine as carbon sources. Then, CDs (5 ml, 5 mg‧L-1) were sprayed on 25th day-old maize (Zea mays L., drought-stress, 35% soil moisture) for seven consecutive days (spraying ultra-pure water as control), after which the physiological parameters and rhizospheric properties of maize under drought were evaluated. Foliar sprayed CDs (5 mg‧L-1) could increase root exudates (e.g., succinic acid (14.5 folds), pyruvic acid (10.0 folds), and betaine (11.8 folds)), and modify microbial community. Particularly, the relative abundance of Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, Nitrospira, and Conocybe were significantly increased by 344.4%, 233.3%, 126.2%, and 122.6%, respectively. The altered microbial abundance could improve soil available nitrogen and phosphorus by 33.5% and 16.8%, respectively, and increase plant water uptake by 37.2%. The change of exudate synthesis and microbial abundance could be driven by the significantly increased in net photosynthesis rate by 122.9%, and carbohydrate content by 35.4% in shoots and 113.6% in roots, respectively upon foliar application of CDs. Meanwhile, fresh weight of shoots and roots were increased by 62.1% and 50.6%, and dry weight of shoots and roots were increased by 29.2% and 37.5%, respectively. These results demonstrated that foliar application of CDs could improve the rhizosphere environment to enhance maize drought tolerance and even growth. Therefore, foliar application of CDs would be a promising strategy for sustainable nano-agriculture in response to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyue Yang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Chuanxi Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Feiran Chen
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Le Yue
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xuesong Cao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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Bechtaoui N, Rabiu MK, Raklami A, Oufdou K, Hafidi M, Jemo M. Phosphate-Dependent Regulation of Growth and Stresses Management in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:679916. [PMID: 34777404 PMCID: PMC8581177 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.679916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The importance of phosphorus in the regulation of plant growth function is well studied. However, the role of the inorganic phosphate (Pi) molecule in the mitigation of abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, heavy metal, heat, and acid stresses are poorly understood. We revisited peer-reviewed articles on plant growth characteristics that are phosphorus (P)-dependently regulated under the sufficient-P and low/no-P starvation alone or either combined with one of the mentioned stress. We found that the photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance decreased under Pi-starved conditions. The total chlorophyll contents were increased in the P-deficient plants, owing to the lack of Pi molecules to sustain the photosynthesis functioning, particularly, the Rubisco and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase function. The dry biomass of shoots, roots, and P concentrations were significantly reduced under Pi starvation with marketable effects in the cereal than in the legumes. To mitigate P stress, plants activate alternative regulatory pathways, the Pi-dependent glycolysis, and mitochondrial respiration in the cytoplasm. Plants grown under well-Pi supplementation of drought stress exhibited higher dry biomass of shoots than the no-P treated ones. The Pi supply to plants grown under heavy metals stress reduced the metal concentrations in the leaves for the cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), but could not prevent them from absorbing heavy metals from soils. To detoxify from heavy metal stress, plants enhance the catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activity that prevents lipid peroxidation in the leaves. The HvPIP and PHO1 genes were over-expressed under both Pi starvation alone and Pi plus drought, or Pi plus salinity stress combination, implying their key roles to mediate the stress mitigations. Agronomy Pi-based interventions to increase Pi at the on-farm levels were discussed. Revisiting the roles of P in growth and its better management in agricultural lands or where P is supplemented as fertilizer could help the plants to survive under abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura Bechtaoui
- AgroBiosciences Program, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Muhammad Kabir Rabiu
- AgroBiosciences Program, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Benguerir, Morocco
- Centre for Dryland Agriculture, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Anas Raklami
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Agrosciences, and Environment (BioMAgE), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Khalid Oufdou
- AgroBiosciences Program, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Benguerir, Morocco
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Agrosciences, and Environment (BioMAgE), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Hafidi
- AgroBiosciences Program, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Benguerir, Morocco
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Agrosciences, and Environment (BioMAgE), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Martin Jemo
- AgroBiosciences Program, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Benguerir, Morocco
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Barzana G, Rios JJ, Lopez-Zaplana A, Nicolas-Espinosa J, Yepes-Molina L, Garcia-Ibañez P, Carvajal M. Interrelations of nutrient and water transporters in plants under abiotic stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 171:595-619. [PMID: 32909634 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental changes cause abiotic stress in plants, primarily through alterations in the uptake of the nutrients and water they require for their metabolism and growth and to maintain their cellular homeostasis. The plasma membranes of cells contain transporter proteins, encoded by their specific genes, responsible for the uptake of nutrients and water (aquaporins). However, their interregulation has rarely been taken into account. Therefore, in this review we identify how the plant genome responds to abiotic stresses such as nutrient deficiency, drought, salinity and low temperature, in relation to both nutrient transporters and aquaporins. Some general responses or regulation mechanisms can be observed under each abiotic stress such as the induction of plasma membrane transporter expression during macronutrient deficiency, the induction of tonoplast transporters and reduction of aquaporins during micronutrients deficiency. However, drought, salinity and low temperatures generally cause an increase in expression of nutrient transporters and aquaporins in tolerant plants. We propose that both types of transporters (nutrients and water) should be considered jointly in order to better understand plant tolerance of stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Barzana
- Aquaporins Group, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo - 25, Murcia, E-30100, Spain
| | - Juan J Rios
- Aquaporins Group, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo - 25, Murcia, E-30100, Spain
| | - Alvaro Lopez-Zaplana
- Aquaporins Group, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo - 25, Murcia, E-30100, Spain
| | - Juan Nicolas-Espinosa
- Aquaporins Group, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo - 25, Murcia, E-30100, Spain
| | - Lucía Yepes-Molina
- Aquaporins Group, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo - 25, Murcia, E-30100, Spain
| | - Paula Garcia-Ibañez
- Aquaporins Group, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo - 25, Murcia, E-30100, Spain
| | - Micaela Carvajal
- Aquaporins Group, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo - 25, Murcia, E-30100, Spain
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15
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Kong SL, Abdullah SNA, Ho CL, Musa MHB, Yeap WC. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals novel insights into transcriptional responses to phosphorus starvation in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) root. BMC Genom Data 2021; 22:6. [PMID: 33568046 PMCID: PMC7863428 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-021-00962-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphorus (P), in its orthophosphate form (Pi) is an essential macronutrient for oil palm early growth development in which Pi deficiency could later on be reflected in lower biomass production. Application of phosphate rock, a non-renewable resource has been the common practice to increase Pi accessibility and maintain crop productivity in Malaysia. However, high fixation rate of Pi in the native acidic tropical soils has led to excessive utilization of P fertilizers. This has caused serious environmental pollutions and cost increment. Even so, the Pi deficiency response mechanism in oil palm as one of the basic prerequisites for crop improvement remains largely unknown. RESULTS Using total RNA extracted from young roots as template, we performed a comparative transcriptome analysis on oil palm responding to 14d and 28d of Pi deprivation treatment and under adequate Pi supply. By using Illumina HiSeq4000 platform, RNA-Seq analysis was successfully conducted on 12 paired-end RNA-Seq libraries and generated more than 1.2 billion of clean reads in total. Transcript abundance estimated by fragments per kilobase per million fragments (FPKM) and differential expression analysis revealed 36 and 252 genes that are differentially regulated in Pi-starved roots at 14d and 28d, respectively. Genes possibly involved in regulating Pi homeostasis, nutrient uptake and transport, hormonal signaling and gene transcription were found among the differentially expressed genes. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that the molecular response mechanism underlying Pi starvation in oil palm is complexed and involved multilevel regulation of various sensing and signaling components. This contribution would generate valuable genomic resources in the effort to develop oil palm planting materials that possess Pi-use efficient trait through molecular manipulation and breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze-Ling Kong
- Laboratory of Sustainable Agronomy and Crop Protection, Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nor Akmar Abdullah
- Laboratory of Sustainable Agronomy and Crop Protection, Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Agriculture Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Chai-Ling Ho
- Laboratory of Sustainable Agronomy and Crop Protection, Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Hanafi Bin Musa
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan-Chin Yeap
- Sime Darby Technology Centre Sdn. Bhd., Block A, UPM-MTDC Technology Centre III, Lebuh Silikon, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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16
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Melino VJ, Plett DC, Bendre P, Thomsen HC, Zeisler-Diehl VV, Schreiber L, Kronzucker HJ. Nitrogen depletion enhances endodermal suberization without restricting transporter-mediated root NO 3- influx. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 257:153334. [PMID: 33373827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Roots vary their permeability to aid radial transport of solutes towards xylem vessels in response to nutritional cues. Nitrogen (N) depletion was previously shown to induce early suberization of endodermal cell walls and reduce hydraulic conductivity of barley roots suggesting reduced apoplastic transport of ions (Armand et al., 2019). Suberization may also limit transcellular ion movement by blocking access to transporters (Barberon et al., 2016). The aim of this study was to confirm that N depletion induced suberization in the roots of barley and demonstrate that this was a specific effect in response to NO3- depletion. Furthermore, in roots with early and enhanced suberization, we assessed their ability for transporter-mediated NO3- influx. N depletion induced lateral root elongation and early and enhanced endodermal suberization of the seminal root of each genotype. Both root to shoot NO3- translocation and net N uptake was half that of plants supplied with steady-state NO3-. Genes with predicted functions in suberin synthesis (HvHORST) and NO3- transport (HvNRT2.2) were induced under N-deplete conditions. N-deplete roots had a higher capacity for high-affinity NO3- influx in early suberized roots than under optimal NO3-. In conclusion, NO3- depletion induced early and enhanced suberization in the roots of barley, however, suberization did not restrict transcellular NO3- transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- V J Melino
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia; Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - D C Plett
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia; School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia.
| | - P Bendre
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - H C Thomsen
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia; Carlsberg Research Laboratory, J.C. Jacobsens Gade 4, 1799, Copenhagen V, Denmark.
| | - V V Zeisler-Diehl
- Department of Ecophysiology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - L Schreiber
- Department of Ecophysiology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - H J Kronzucker
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia; Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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17
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Torres-Ruiz JM. Virtual issue on Plant hydraulics: update on the recent discoveries. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 168:758-761. [PMID: 32237154 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José M Torres-Ruiz
- Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, PIAF, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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