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Alijani S, Raji MR, Bistgani ZE, Ehtesham Nia A, Farajpour M. Mitigation of salinity stress in yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) plants through spermidine application. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304831. [PMID: 38923971 PMCID: PMC11206933 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the mitigating effects of spermidine on salinity-stressed yarrow plants (Achillea millefolium L.), an economically important medicinal crop. Plants were treated with four salinity levels (0, 30, 60, 90 mM NaCl) and three spermidine concentrations (0, 1.5, 3 μM). Salinity induced electrolyte leakage in a dose-dependent manner, increasing from 22% at 30 mM to 56% at 90 mM NaCl without spermidine. However, 1.5 μM spermidine significantly reduced leakage across salinities by 1.35-11.2% relative to untreated stressed plants. Photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids) also exhibited salinity- and spermidine-modulated responses. While salinity decreased chlorophyll a, both spermidine concentrations increased chlorophyll b and carotenoids under most saline conditions. Salinity and spermidine synergistically elevated osmoprotectants proline and total carbohydrates, with 3 μM spermidine augmenting proline and carbohydrates up to 14.4% and 13.1% at 90 mM NaCl, respectively. Antioxidant enzymes CAT, POD and APX displayed complex regulation influenced by treatment factors. Moreover, salinity stress and spermidine also influenced the expression of linalool and pinene synthetase genes, with the highest expression levels observed under 90 mM salt stress and the application of 3 μM spermidine. The findings provide valuable insights into the responses of yarrow plants to salinity stress and highlight the potential of spermidine in mitigating the adverse effects of salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajedeh Alijani
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Raji
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Zohreh Emami Bistgani
- Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abdollah Ehtesham Nia
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Farajpour
- Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Sari, Iran
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Ranjbar M, Khakdan F, Ghorbani A, Zargar M, Chen M. The variations in gene expression of GAPDH in Ocimum basilicum cultivars under drought-induced stress conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:119187-119203. [PMID: 37919503 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30549-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) holds a pivotal role within the glycolytic pathway of higher plants. It has garnered attention as a significant target protein in instances of oxidative stress, where it can engage in thiolation reactions within its active site. Numerous genes encoding cytosolic iterations of GAPDH have been identified and analyzed in specific plant species. This investigation was conducted to gain insights into GAPDH's function amidst drought-induced stress. Within this framework, the basil plant (Ocimum basilicum) was chosen for focused exploration, encompassing the cloning of the comprehensive cDNA of basil GAPDH (ObGAPDH) and scrutinizing its patterns of expression. The complete sequence of Ob-GAPDH spanned 1315 base pairs. The resultant protein derived from this sequence comprised 399 amino acids, projecting a molecular weight of approximately 42.54 kDa and an isoelectric point (pI) of 6.01. An examination of the evolutionary connections among various GAPDH proteins unveiled ObGAPDH's shared lineage with GAPDH proteins sourced from other plants, such as Salvia splendens and Sesamum indicum. Furthermore, computational methodologies were harnessed to predict the potential oxidative role of ObGAPDH in response to external signals. Molecular docking simulations illuminated the interaction between ObGAPDH and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a ligand. Scrutinizing the expression patterns of the ObGAPDH gene under conditions of water scarcity stress brought to light diverse levels of transcriptional activity. Collectively, these findings underscore the notion that the regulation of ObGAPDH expression is contingent upon both the specific plant cultivar and the presence of stress stemming from drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Ranjbar
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | | | - Abazar Ghorbani
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Meisam Zargar
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Agriculture, RUDN University, 117198, Moscow, Russia
| | - Moxian Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Cella W, Rahal IL, Silva GCC, Jacomassi E, Piau Junior R, Gonçalves JE, Gonçalves DD, Gazim ZC. Activity of essential oils from leaves, flower buds and stems of Tetradenia riparia on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus larvae. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA = BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY : ORGAO OFICIAL DO COLEGIO BRASILEIRO DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2023; 32:e013522. [PMID: 36820731 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612023011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Around the world, the main problems of livestock are caused by ectoparasites, however, commercial acaracide are toxic to the environment and detrimental to One Health. Therefore, research has increasingly focused on development of natural products as alternatives for tick control. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal effect on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, through use of essential oils (EOs) extracted from the leaves, flower buds and stems of Tetradenia riparia. The chemical composition of these EOs was determined through gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). They were tested on larvae at concentrations of 100.000 to 40 µg/mL, using the larval packet test and under semi-natural conditions. The main class of compounds in the chemical composition was sesquiterpenes (both oxygenates and hydrocarbons), whereas the predominant compounds in the leaves, flower buds and stems were 14-hydroxy-9-epi-caryophyllene, T-cadinol and 6-7-dehydroroyleanone, respectively. The leaves proved to be the most effective, with highest larvicidal activity (LC99.9 = 83.53 µg/mL). When tested under semi-natural conditions, the oils obtained efficiency above 98% in all compound tests. The results indicated that these EOs were effective against R. (B.) microplus larvae in vitro and ex-situ, proving that this plant has bioactive molecules with significant larvicidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilsandrei Cella
- Laboratório de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Pública, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal com Ênfase em Produtos Bioativos, Universidade Paranaense - Unipar, Umuarama, PR, Brasil.,Centro de Estudos Superiores de Tefé, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas - UEA, Tefé, AM, Brasil
| | - Isabelle Luiz Rahal
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agricultura, Universidade Paranaense - Unipar, Umuarama, PR, Brasil
| | - Gabriela Catuzo Canônico Silva
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agricultura, Universidade Paranaense - Unipar, Umuarama, PR, Brasil
| | - Ezilda Jacomassi
- Laboratório de Botânica e Horto de Plantas Medicinais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos na Atenção Básica, Universidade Paranaense - Unipar, Umuarama, PR, Brasil
| | - Ranulfo Piau Junior
- Laboratório de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Pública, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal com Ênfase em Produtos Bioativos, Universidade Paranaense - Unipar, Umuarama, PR, Brasil
| | - José Eduardo Gonçalves
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Análises Biológicas e Químicas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Tecnologias Limpas, Centro Universitário Cesumar - UniCesumar, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Daniela Dib Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Pública, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal com Ênfase em Produtos Bioativos, Universidade Paranaense - Unipar, Umuarama, PR, Brasil.,Laboratório de Botânica e Horto de Plantas Medicinais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos na Atenção Básica, Universidade Paranaense - Unipar, Umuarama, PR, Brasil
| | - Zilda Cristiani Gazim
- Laboratório de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Pública, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal com Ênfase em Produtos Bioativos, Universidade Paranaense - Unipar, Umuarama, PR, Brasil.,Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agricultura, Universidade Paranaense - Unipar, Umuarama, PR, Brasil
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Zhan X, Chen Z, Chen R, Shen C. Environmental and Genetic Factors Involved in Plant Protection-Associated Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis Pathways. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:877304. [PMID: 35463424 PMCID: PMC9024250 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.877304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Plant specialized metabolites (PSMs) play essential roles in the adaptation to harsh environments and function in plant defense responses. PSMs act as key components of defense-related signaling pathways and trigger the extensive expression of defense-related genes. In addition, PSMs serve as antioxidants, participating in the scavenging of rapidly rising reactive oxygen species, and as chelators, participating in the chelation of toxins under stress conditions. PSMs include nitrogen-containing chemical compounds, terpenoids/isoprenoids, and phenolics. Each category of secondary metabolites has a specific biosynthetic pathway, including precursors, intermediates, and end products. The basic biosynthetic pathways of representative PSMs are summarized, providing potential target enzymes of stress-mediated regulation and responses. Multiple metabolic pathways share the same origin, and the common enzymes are frequently to be the targets of metabolic regulation. Most biosynthetic pathways are controlled by different environmental and genetic factors. Here, we summarized the effects of environmental factors, including abiotic and biotic stresses, on PSM biosynthesis in various plants. We also discuss the positive and negative transcription factors involved in various PSM biosynthetic pathways. The potential target genes of the stress-related transcription factors were also summarized. We further found that the downstream targets of these Transcription factors (TFs) are frequently enriched in the synthesis pathway of precursors, suggesting an effective role of precursors in enhancing of terminal products. The present review provides valuable insights regarding screening targets and regulators involved in PSM-mediated plant protection in non-model plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaori Zhan
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhehao Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Chen
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Rong Chen,
| | - Chenjia Shen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chenjia Shen,
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