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Li XJ, Yin Y, Xiao SJ, Chen J, Zhang R, Yang T, Zhou TY, Zhang SY, Hu P, Zhang X. Extraction, structural characterization and immunoactivity of glucomannan type polysaccahrides from Lilium brownii var. viridulum Baker. Carbohydr Res 2024; 536:109046. [PMID: 38335805 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Homogeneous polysaccharide (LBP) was extracted and purified from the bulblets of Lilium brownii var. viridulum Baker with a molecular weight of 312 kDa. The monosaccharides are composed of mannose and glucose, and the corresponding molar ratios are 0.582 and 0.418, respectively. FT-IR, LC-MS, NMR, GC-MS and HPAEC were used to analyze the functional groups, glycosidic linkages and chemical structure of LBP, which was a 1-4-linked glucomannan and contained a dodecasaccharide repeating units of →4)-β-D-Manp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Manp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Manp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Manp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Manp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Manp-(1 → 4)-β-D-Manp-(1 → . In vitro experimental results showed that LBP had noble biocompatibility, and a low dose of 5 μg/mL LBP significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression of TNF-α, iNOS, IL-6, IL-1β and Toll-like receptors family (TLRs) in RAW 264.7 cells. In conclusion, LBP played an important role in immunomodulation, and further studies on the specific immunomodulatory mechanisms of LBP on RAW 264.7 cells are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jun Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Yuan Yin
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Shi-Jun Xiao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Jiang Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Tong Yang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Tong-Yu Zhou
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Si-Yan Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Pei Hu
- Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., No.1899 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330103, PR China.
| | - Xue Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China.
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Wang C, Luo J, He W, Huang A, Lu W, Lin Y, Ou Y. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of GDP-D-mannose pyrophosphorylase and KATANIN in Corymbia citriodora. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1308354. [PMID: 38186597 PMCID: PMC10766700 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1308354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The GDP-D-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GMP) and microtubule severing enzyme KATANIN (KTN) are crucial for wood formation. Although functional identification has been performed in Arabidopsis, few comprehensive studies have been conducted in forest trees. In this study, we discovered 8 CcGMP and 4 CcKTN genes by analyzing the whole genome sequence of Corymbia citriodora. The chromosomal location, genome synteny, phylogenetic relationship, protein domain, motif identification, gene structure, cis-acting regulatory elements, and protein-interaction of CcGMP and CcKTN were all investigated. KTN has just one pair of segmentally duplicated genes, while GMP has no duplication events. According to gene structure, two 5' UTRs were identified in CcGMP4. Furthermore, there is no protein-interaction between KTN and GMP. Based on real-time PCR, the expression of most genes showed a positive connection with DBH diameters. In addition, the expression of CcGMP4 and CcKTN4 genes were greater in different size tree, indicating that these genes are important in secondary xylem production. Overall, this findings will enhance our comprehension of the intricacy of CcGMP&CcKTN across diverse DBHs and furnish valuable insights for future functional characterization of specific genes in C. citriodora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chubiao Wang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jianzhong Luo
- Research Institute of Fast-Growing Trees, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wenliang He
- Research Institute of Fast-Growing Trees, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Anying Huang
- Research Institute of Fast-Growing Trees, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wanhong Lu
- Research Institute of Fast-Growing Trees, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Research Institute of Fast-Growing Trees, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuduan Ou
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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Xu Y, Hu R, Li S. Regulation of seed coat mucilage production and modification in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 328:111591. [PMID: 36623642 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis seed coat mucilage is a polysaccharide-rich matrix synthesized by the seed coat epidermal cells. It is a specialized cell wall mainly composed of three types of polysaccharides (i. e. pectin, hemicellulose, and cellulose), and represents as an ideal model system for plant cell wall research. A large number of genes responsible for the synthesis and modification of cell wall polysaccharides have been identified using this model system. Moreover, a subset of regulators controlling mucilage production and modification have been characterized, and the underlying transcriptional regulatory mechanisms have been elucidated. This substantially contributes to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying mucilage synthesis and modification. In this review, we concisely summarize the various genes and regulators involved in seed coat cell differentiation, mucilage biosynthesis and modification, and secondary cell wall formation. In particular, we put emphasis on the latest knowledge gained regarding the transcriptional regulation of mucilage production, which is composed of a hierarchal cascade with three-layer transcriptional regulators. Collectively, we propose an updated schematic framework of the genetic regulatory network controlling mucilage production and modification in the Arabidopsis mucilage secretory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, PR China
| | - Ruibo Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, PR China.
| | - Shengjun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, PR China.
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Kanapin A, Rozhmina T, Bankin M, Surkova S, Duk M, Osyagina E, Samsonova M. Genetic Determinants of Fiber-Associated Traits in Flax Identified by Omics Data Integration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:14536. [PMID: 36498863 PMCID: PMC9738745 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we explore potential genetic factors in control of flax phenotypes associated with fiber by mining a collection of 306 flax accessions from the Federal Research Centre of the Bast Fiber Crops, Torzhok, Russia. In total, 11 traits were assessed in the course of 3 successive years. A genome-wide association study was performed for each phenotype independently using six different single-locus models implemented in the GAPIT3 R package. Moreover, we applied a multivariate linear mixed model implemented in the GEMMA package to account for trait correlations and potential pleiotropic effects of polymorphisms. The analyses revealed a number of genomic variants associated with different fiber traits, implying the complex and polygenic control. All stable variants demonstrate a statistically significant allelic effect across all 3 years of the experiment. We tested the validity of the predicted variants using gene expression data available for the flax fiber studies. The results shed new light on the processes and pathways associated with the complex fiber traits, while the pinpointed candidate genes may be further used for marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kanapin
- Centre for Computational Biology, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatyana Rozhmina
- Laboratory of Breeding Technologies, Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops, 172002 Torzhok, Russia
| | - Mikhail Bankin
- Mathematical Biology & Bioinformatics Laboratory, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Svetlana Surkova
- Mathematical Biology & Bioinformatics Laboratory, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria Duk
- Mathematical Biology & Bioinformatics Laboratory, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Theoretical Department, Ioffe Institute, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Osyagina
- Mathematical Biology & Bioinformatics Laboratory, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria Samsonova
- Mathematical Biology & Bioinformatics Laboratory, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Zhu Y, Li Z, Shen J, Wu K, Zhao P, Wu Z, Liu Z, Yang J, Liu H, Rensing C, Feng R. Toxicity of different forms of antimony to rice plants: Photosynthetic electron transfer, gas exchange, photosynthetic efficiency, and carbon assimilation combined with metabolome analysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 437:129433. [PMID: 35897190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) is a toxic metalloid, and excess Sb causes damage to the plant photosynthetic system. However, the underlying mechanisms of Sb toxicity in the plant photosynthetic system are not clear. Hydroponic culture experiments were conducted to illustrate the toxicity differences of antimonite [Sb(III)] and antimonate [Sb(V)] to the photosynthetic system in a rice plant (Yangdao No. 6). The results showed that Sb(III) showed a higher toxicity than Sb(V), judging from (1) lower shoot and root biomass, leaf water moisture content, water use efficiency, stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic rate, and transpiration rate; (2) higher water vapor deficit, soluble sugar content, starch content, and oligosaccharide content (sucrose, stachyose, and 1-kestose). To further analyze the direction of the photosynthetic products, we conducted a metabonomic analysis. More glycosyls were allocated to the synthesis pathways of oligosaccharides (sucrose, stachyose, and 1-kestose), anthocyanins, salicylic acid, flavones, flavonols, and lignin under Sb stress to quench excess oxygen free radicals (ROS), strengthen the cell wall structure, rebalance the cell membrane, and/or regulate cell permeability. This study provides a complete mechanism to elucidate the toxicity differences of Sb(III) and Sb(V) by exploring their effects on photosynthesis, saccharide synthesis, and the subsequent flow directions of glycosyls.
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Affiliation(s)
- YanMing Zhu
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - ZengFei Li
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - KongYuan Wu
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - PingPing Zhao
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - ZiHan Wu
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - ZiQing Liu
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - JiGang Yang
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - RenWei Feng
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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Zhang C, Zhao S, Li YS, He C, Wang X, Liu L. Crystal Structures of Arabidopsis thaliana GDP-D-Mannose Pyrophosphorylase VITAMIN C DEFECTIVE 1. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:899738. [PMID: 35677252 PMCID: PMC9168903 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.899738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant GDP-D-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GMPase) catalyzes a committed step in ascorbic acid biosynthesis pathway. Arabidopsis thaliana VTC1 is the first genetically characterized plant GMPase and has unique properties when compared with bacterial and animal homologs. Here we present the crystal structures of VTC1 in the unliganded and product-bound states at resolutions of 2.8 and 3.0 Å, respectively. VTC1 dimerizes in a same way like other known GMPases, but dodecamerizes in a previously unobserved arrangement. The interactions to GDP-D-mannose and inorganic pyrophosphate are revealed by the product-bound VTC1 structure. An in vitro GMPase activity assay confirms the regulatory role of the C-terminal left-handed β-helix domain, and structural analyses suggest the models of VTC1 hetero-complex with its interacting proteins. The structural information advances our insights into the different mechanisms involved in VTC1 regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Shun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Shuai Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Chao He
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Lin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, Hefei, China
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Voiniciuc C. Modern mannan: a hemicellulose's journey. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:1175-1184. [PMID: 35285041 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hemicellulosic polysaccharides built of β-1,4-linked mannose units have been found throughout the plant kingdom and have numerous industrial applications. Here, I review recent advances in the biosynthesis and modification of plant β-mannans. These matrix polymers can associate with cellulose bundles to impact the mechanical properties of plant fibers or biocomposites. In certain algae, mannan microfibrils even replace cellulose as the dominant structural component of the cell wall. Conversely, patterned galactoglucomannan found in Arabidopsis thaliana seed mucilage significantly modulates cell wall architecture and abiotic stress tolerance despite its relatively low content. I also discuss the subcellular requirements for β-mannan biosynthesis, the increasing number of carbohydrate-active enzymes involved in this process, and the players that continue to be puzzling. I discuss how cellulose synthase-like enzymes elongate (gluco)mannans in orthogonal hosts and highlight the discoveries of plant enzymes that add specific galactosyl or acetyl decorations. Hydrolytic enzymes such as endo-β-1,4-mannanases have recently been involved in a wide range of biological contexts including seed germination, wood formation, heavy metal tolerance, and defense responses. Synthetic biology tools now provide faster tracks to modulate the increasingly-relevant mannan structures for improved plant traits and bioproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cătălin Voiniciuc
- Independent Junior Research Group-Designer Glycans, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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