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Jervøe-Storm PM, Bunke J, Worthington HV, Needleman I, Cosgarea R, MacDonald L, Walsh T, Lewis SR, Jepsen S. Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for treating periodontal and peri-implant diseases. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2024; 7:CD011778. [PMID: 38994711 PMCID: PMC11240860 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011778.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis and peri-implant diseases are chronic inflammatory conditions occurring in the mouth. Left untreated, periodontitis progressively destroys the tooth-supporting apparatus. Peri-implant diseases occur in tissues around dental implants and are characterised by inflammation in the peri-implant mucosa and subsequent progressive loss of supporting bone. Treatment aims to clean the pockets around teeth or dental implants and prevent damage to surrounding soft tissue and bone, including improvement of oral hygiene, risk factor control (e.g. encouraging cessation of smoking) and surgical interventions. The key aspect of standard non-surgical treatment is the removal of the subgingival biofilm using subgingival instrumentation (SI) (also called scaling and root planing). Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) can be used an adjunctive treatment to SI. It uses light energy to kill micro-organisms that have been treated with a light-absorbing photosensitising agent immediately prior to aPDT. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of SI with adjunctive aPDT versus SI alone or with placebo aPDT for periodontitis and peri-implant diseases in adults. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Oral Health Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, two other databases and two trials registers up to 14 February 2024. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) (both parallel-group and split-mouth design) in participants with a clinical diagnosis of periodontitis, peri-implantitis or peri-implant disease. We compared the adjunctive use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), in which aPDT was given after subgingival or submucosal instrumentation (SI), versus SI alone or a combination of SI and a placebo aPDT given during the active or supportive phase of therapy. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard Cochrane methodological procedures, and we used GRADE to assess the certainty of the evidence. We prioritised six outcomes and the measure of change from baseline to six months after treatment: probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession (REC), pocket closure and adverse effects related to aPDT. We were also interested in change in bone level (for participants with peri-implantitis), and participant satisfaction and quality of life. MAIN RESULTS We included 50 RCTs with 1407 participants. Most studies used a split-mouth study design; only 18 studies used a parallel-group design. Studies were small, ranging from 10 participants to 88. Adjunctive aPDT was given in a single session in 39 studies, in multiple sessions (between two and four sessions) in 11 studies, and one study included both single and multiple sessions. SI was given using hand or power-driven instrumentation (or both), and was carried out prior to adjunctive aPDT. Five studies used placebo aPDT in the control group and we combined these in meta-analyses with studies in which SI alone was used. All studies included high or unclear risks of bias, such as selection bias or performance bias of personnel (when SI was carried out by an operator aware of group allocation). We downgraded the certainty of all the evidence owing to these risks of bias, as well as for unexplained statistical inconsistency in the pooled effect estimates or for imprecision when evidence was derived from very few participants and confidence intervals (CI) indicated possible benefit to both intervention and control groups. Adjunctive aPDT versus SI alone during active treatment of periodontitis (44 studies) We are very uncertain whether adjunctive aPDT during active treatment of periodontitis leads to improvement in any clinical outcomes at six months when compared to SI alone: PPD (mean difference (MD) 0.52 mm, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.74; 15 studies, 452 participants), BOP (MD 5.72%, 95% CI 1.62 to 9.81; 5 studies, 171 studies), CAL (MD 0.44 mm, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.64; 13 studies, 414 participants) and REC (MD 0.00, 95% CI -0.16 to 0.16; 4 studies, 95 participants); very low-certainty evidence. Any apparent differences between adjunctive aPDT and SI alone were not judged to be clinically important. Twenty-four studies (639 participants) observed no adverse effects related to aPDT (moderate-certainty evidence). No studies reported pocket closure at six months, participant satisfaction or quality of life. Adjunctive aPDT versus SI alone during supportive treatment of periodontitis (six studies) We were very uncertain whether adjunctive aPDT during active treatment of periodontitis leads to improvement in any clinical outcomes at six months when compared to SI alone: PPD (MD -0.04 mm, 95% CI -0.19 to 0.10; 3 studies, 125 participants), BOP (MD 4.98%, 95% CI -2.51 to 12.46; 3 studies, 127 participants), CAL (MD 0.07 mm, 95% CI -0.26 to 0.40; 2 studies, 85 participants) and REC (MD -0.20 mm, 95% CI -0.48 to 0.08; 1 study, 24 participants); very low-certainty evidence. These findings were all imprecise and included no clinically important benefits for aPDT. Three studies (134 participants) reported adverse effects: a single participant developed an abscess, though it is not evident whether this was related to aPDT, and two studies observed no adverse effects related to aPDT (moderate-certainty evidence). No studies reported pocket closure at six months, participant satisfaction or quality of life. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Because the certainty of the evidence is very low, we cannot be sure if adjunctive aPDT leads to improved clinical outcomes during the active or supportive treatment of periodontitis; moreover, results suggest that any improvements may be too small to be clinically important. The certainty of this evidence can only be increased by the inclusion of large, well-conducted RCTs that are appropriately analysed to account for change in outcome over time or within-participant split-mouth study designs (or both). We found no studies including people with peri-implantitis, and only one study including people with peri-implant mucositis, but this very small study reported no data at six months, warranting more evidence for adjunctive aPDT in this population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia-Merete Jervøe-Storm
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jennifer Bunke
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Helen V Worthington
- Cochrane Oral Health, Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ian Needleman
- Unit of Periodontology and International Centre for Evidence-Based Oral Health, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Raluca Cosgarea
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Periodontology and Peri-implant Diseases, Philips University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Clinic for Prosthetic Dentistry, University Iuliu-Hatieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laura MacDonald
- Cochrane Oral Health, Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Tanya Walsh
- Cochrane Oral Health, Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sharon R Lewis
- Cochrane Oral Health, Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Søren Jepsen
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Altalhi AM, AlNajdi LN, Al-Harbi SG, Aldohailan AM, Al-Ghadeer JY, Al-Bahrani JI, Al-Gahnem ZJ, Alenezi AH, Al-Majid A. Laser Therapy Versus Traditional Scaling and Root Planing: A Comparative Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e61997. [PMID: 38983988 PMCID: PMC11232094 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Scaling and root planing (SRP) removes bacterial plaque, calculus, and associated microorganisms from the surface of the tooth and the surrounding soft tissue. While complete eradication of pathogenic microbes is impossible, gross removal can lower the microbial load, which in turn reduces inflammation and contributes to positive clinical outcomes. Instrumentation in limited-access anatomic areas like furcation, grooves, deep pockets, concavities, and distal molar areas is technically demanding with traditional mechanical debridement. However, emerging advanced systems such as lasers with bactericidal and detoxification effects offer the benefit of reaching limited-access areas that traditional SRP cannot reach. A digitized search was done on PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Google Scholar using the keywords "lasers", "periodontal therapy", "scaling", and "root planing". Upon screening and reviewing, the shortlisted articles comprised narrative reviews, systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, comparative studies, split-mouth studies, case series, and reports of non-surgical laser therapy and lasers as an adjunct to SRP. This review presents a comprehensive comparative evaluation of different laser modalities utilized in non-surgical periodontal treatment in contrast to standard SRP, rather than an exhaustive article review. It delves into the history and development of lasers, highlighting key advancements made in the realm of periodontics and dental care. This review includes an elucidation of the theory behind laser operation, along with an exploration of its intrinsic characteristics and breakdown of the various types of lasers that are currently available, and an examination of existing literature in both present and historical contexts regarding the comparison of various types of lasers with traditional periodontal treatment.
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Radu CM, Radu CC, Arbănaşi EM, Hogea T, Murvai VR, Chiș IA, Zaha DC. Exploring the Efficacy of Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Periodontitis: A Literature Review. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:468. [PMID: 38672739 PMCID: PMC11050937 DOI: 10.3390/life14040468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, a prevalent oral condition, is facing difficulties in therapeutic approaches, sometimes leading to failure. This literature review was conducted to investigate the diversity of other therapeutic approaches and their potential contributions to the successful management of the disease. This research scrutinized the alterations in microbial diversity and imbalances in crucial microbial species, which contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Within the limitations of this study, we highlight the importance of understanding the treatment plan's role in periodontitis disease, opening the way for further research and innovative treatment plans to mitigate the impact of periodontitis on oral health. This will aid both healthcare professionals and patients in preventing and effectively treating periodontitis, ultimately improving oral health outcomes and overall systemic health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casandra-Maria Radu
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Carmen Corina Radu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, 540141 Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Emil-Marian Arbănaşi
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Clinic of Vascular Surgery, Mureș County Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- Department of Vascular Surgery, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Timur Hogea
- Department of Forensic Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, 540141 Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Viorela Romina Murvai
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1 December Sq, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Ioana-Andreea Chiș
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dana Carmen Zaha
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1 December Sq, 410028 Oradea, Romania
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Ponnaiyan D, Rughwani RR, Shetty G, Mahendra J. The effect of adjunctive LASER application on periodontal ligament stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 11:1341628. [PMID: 38283989 PMCID: PMC10811063 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1341628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal regeneration involves the composite action of cell, scaffolds and signaling molecules. There are numerous autologous sources of regenerative cells which are present close to the vicinity of the periodontally debilitated site, the primary one being the periodontal ligament stem cell, which is believed to have a key role in regeneration. Various methods can be harnessed to optimize and enhance the regenerative potential of PDLSCs such as the application of LASERs. In the last few years there have been various studies which have evaluated the effect of different types of LASERs on PDLSCs and the present review summarizes the photo-biomodulative activity of LASERs in general and its beneficial role in the stimulation of PDLSC specifically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jaideep Mahendra
- Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Deepthi M, Gowda TM, Shah R, Kumar ABT, Priya S. Salvaging the second molar with platelet-rich fibrin and photobiomodulation (970 nm diode laser) following third molar extraction. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2024; 28:129-131. [PMID: 38988962 PMCID: PMC11232804 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_28_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Second molars are more susceptible to periodontitis when present adjacent to periodontally hopeless third molars. It is crucial to restore the health of the second molar and to prevent a dry socket after third molar extraction. To ensure complete eradication of infection along with regeneration, mere nonsurgical periodontal therapy might be inadequate. Thus, in this case report, high-level laser therapy (HLLT), advanced-platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF), and low-level laser therapy (photobiomodulation [PBM]) were adapted to obtain a synergistic effect. HLLT was accomplished for decontamination and clot stabilization following the third molar extraction. Further, A-PRF was placed and irradiated with PBM on 3rd, 7th, 15th, and 21st days, postoperatively. There was reduced clinical probing depth and gain in clinical attachment level with a significant radiographic bone fill distal to second molar at 3 months follow-up. This combined use of HLLT, and PBM along with PRF could be a reliable treatment approach for regeneration, particularly in acute infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Deepthi
- Department of Periodontics, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Rucha Shah
- Department of Periodontics, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - A. B. Tarun Kumar
- Department of Periodontics, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - Saloni Priya
- Department of Periodontics, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
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Sologova D, Petukhova M, Podoplelova P, Davletshin D, Firsova A, Grishin A, Grin M, Suvorov N, Vasil’ev Y, Dydykin S, Rysanova E, Shchelkova V, Tarasenko S, Diachkova E. Effectiveness of Photodynamic Therapy as Antiseptic Measure for Oral Cavity and Pharynx: A Systematic Review. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:192. [PMID: 37623288 PMCID: PMC10453266 DOI: 10.3390/dj11080192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complex traditional treatment of inflammation diseases in oral cavity includes the prescription of antibiotic and antiseptic therapy. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of photodynamic therapy as a part of management of inflammatory diseases in oral cavity; Methods: The study is presented in accordance with the preferred reporting points for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). This systematic review was conducted using electronic databases such as Medline PubMed, Scopus and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. All the studies in this systematic review, were randomized, the risk of bias 2 (ROB 2) were assessed; Results: Considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we included 10 randomized clinical trials, published up to 2023 investigating the application of photodynamic therapy as a part of management of inflammatory diseases in oral cavity. The diode laser was used in the oral cavity in the zone of inflammatory process (gingivitis, mucositis, periimplantitis, marginal periodontitis, abscess, periostitis, osteomyelitis etc.) in nine studies or in the zone before surgical procedures in one study; Conclusion: Based on the results of clinical studies, it can be stated that photodynamic therapy shows good results for operations performed in the oral cavity and pharynx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sologova
- Department of Oral Surgery of the Institute of Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (P.P.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (S.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Marina Petukhova
- Department of Oral Surgery of the Institute of Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (P.P.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (S.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Polina Podoplelova
- Department of Oral Surgery of the Institute of Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (P.P.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (S.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Dinislam Davletshin
- Department of Oral Surgery of the Institute of Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (P.P.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (S.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Anna Firsova
- Department of Oral Surgery of the Institute of Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (P.P.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (S.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Andrey Grishin
- Maxillofacial Surgery Department, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Street 8\2, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Mikhail Grin
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Avenue, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (M.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Nikita Suvorov
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Avenue, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (M.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Yuriy Vasil’ev
- Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Street bldg. 8\2, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (Y.V.); (S.D.)
| | - Sergey Dydykin
- Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Street bldg. 8\2, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (Y.V.); (S.D.)
| | - Elena Rysanova
- Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Street Schepkina 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia; (E.R.); (V.S.)
| | - Victoria Shchelkova
- Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Street Schepkina 61/2, 129110 Moscow, Russia; (E.R.); (V.S.)
| | - Svetlana Tarasenko
- Department of Oral Surgery of the Institute of Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (P.P.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (S.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Ekaterina Diachkova
- Department of Oral Surgery of the Institute of Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119048 Moscow, Russia; (M.P.); (P.P.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (S.T.); (E.D.)
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Freire BL, Abreu LG, Costa FO, Cota LOM, Esteves-Lima RP. Effect of photobiomodulation adjunct to periodontal therapy on individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus regarding periodontal clinical parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:116. [PMID: 37140820 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03782-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the scientific evidence on the impact of photobiomodulation adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment on individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement was followed. A protocol was registered in the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO #CRD42022310756). The research was carried out in seven databases, with no restrictions regarding the year of publication. Our work included studies that compared periodontal clinical parameters among individuals undergoing non-surgical periodontal therapy associated with photobiomodulation and a control group of individuals undergoing non-surgical periodontal treatment. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment (RoB 2.0) were performed by two review authors. Meta-analysis was performed. Mean difference (MD) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) were provided. Three hundred forty-one studies were identified, of which eight studies were included. The meta-analysis demonstrated that photobiomodulation adjunctive to periodontal therapy in individuals with diabetes resulted in a greater reduction in probing depth and greater attachment gain in comparison to periodontal treatment alone (p < 0.05). The included studies exhibited a low risk of bias. Photobiomodulation adjunct to periodontal therapy contributes to the improvement of periodontal clinical parameters in individuals with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Lopes Freire
- Periodontology Division, Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University de Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Lucas Guimarães Abreu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Fernando Oliveira Costa
- Periodontology Division, Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University de Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Luís Otávio Miranda Cota
- Periodontology Division, Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University de Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rafael Paschoal Esteves-Lima
- Periodontology Division, Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University de Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Avenue 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
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A Novel Approach of Periodontal Osseous Wall Piezosplitting and Sequential Bone Expansion in Management of Localized Intra-Bony Defects with Wide Angulation—A Randomized Controlled Trial. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11060791. [PMID: 36981448 PMCID: PMC10047935 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11060791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Piezoelectric surgical instruments with various mini-sized tips and cutting technology offer a precise and thin cutting line that could allow the wider use of periodontal osseous wall swaging. This randomized controlled trial was designed to investigate the use of a minimally invasive piezo knife to harvest vascularized interseptal bone pedicles in treating intra-bony defects. Sixteen non-smoking patients (mean age 39.6 ± 3.9) with severe chronic periodontitis were randomly assigned into one of two groups (N = 8). The Group 1 (control) patients were treated by bone substitute grafting of the intra-bony defect, whereas the Group 2 patients were treated by intra-bony defect osseous wall swaging (OWS) combined with xenograft filling of the space created by bone tilting. In both groups, the root surfaces were treated with a neutral 24% EDTA gel followed by saline irrigation. Clinical and radiographic measurements were obtained at baseline and 6 months after surgery. The sites treated with osseous wall swaging showed a statistically significant probing-depth reduction and increase in clinical attachment compared with those of the Group 1 patients. The defect base level was significantly reduced for the OWS group compared to that of the Group 1 control. By contrast, the crestal bone level was significantly higher in the OWS group compared to Group 1. The crestal interseptal bone width was significantly higher in Group 2 at 6 months compared to the baseline value and to that of Group 1 (<0.001). The osseous wall swaging effectively improved the clinical hard- and soft-tissue parameters. The use of mini inserts piezo-cutting, sequential bone expanders for osseous wall redirection, and root surface EDTA etching appears to be a reliable approach that could allow the use of OWS at any interproximal dimension.
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Effects of Temoporfin-Based Photodynamic Therapy on the In Vitro Antibacterial Activity and Biocompatibility of Gelatin-Hyaluronic Acid Cross-Linked Hydrogel Membranes. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112314. [PMID: 36365133 PMCID: PMC9699569 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to design a hydrogel membrane that exhibits antibacterial properties and guides different tissues. Gelatin and hyaluronic acid were used as the main structures, 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) was used as a cross-linker, and temoporfin was used as an antibacterial agent. The results revealed that the hydrogel membrane impregnated with temoporfin (HM-T) had a fixation index of >89%. Temoporfin was used in conjunction with a diode laser and did not significantly affect EDC-induced cross-linking. The inhibitory activity of temoporfin showed that HM-T15 and HM-T30 (light exposure for 15 and 30 min, respectively) had remarkable antibacterial properties. The cell survival rate of HM-T15 was 73% of that of the control group, indicating that temoporfin exposure for 15 min did not exert cytotoxic effects on L-929 cells. HM and HM-T15 hydrogel membranes showed good cell adhesion and proliferation after 14 days of dark incubation. However, the hydrogel membrane containing temoporfin significantly reduced pro-inflammatory gene expression. In summary, the HM-T15 group showed potential as a biodegradable material for biocompatible tissue-guarded regeneration membranes with antibacterial properties. This study demonstrated the potential of temoporfin for innovative biomaterials and delivery systems applied to new regenerative periodontal therapies.
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FAGGION CLOVISMARIANO. COMBINATION OF Nd:YAG AND Er:YAG LASERS MIGHT IMPROVE PERIODONTAL PROBING DEPTHS AND CLINICAL ATTACHMENT LEVELS, BUT THE LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IS VERY WEAK. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2022; 22:101753. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2022.101753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Rahman B, Acharya AB, Siddiqui R, Verron E, Badran Z. Photodynamic Therapy for Peri-Implant Diseases. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11070918. [PMID: 35884171 PMCID: PMC9311944 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11070918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peri-implant diseases are frequently presented in patients with dental implants. This category of inflammatory infections includes peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis that are primarily caused by the oral bacteria that colonize the implant and the supporting soft and hard tissues. Other factors also contribute to the pathogenesis of peri-implant diseases. Based on established microbial etiology, mechanical debridement has been the standard management approach for peri-implant diseases. To enhance the improvement of therapeutic outcomes, adjunctive treatment in the form of antibiotics, probiotics, lasers, etc. have been reported in the literature. Recently, the use of photodynamic therapy (PDT)/antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) centered on the premise that a photoactive substance offers benefits in the resolution of peri-implant diseases has gained attention. Herein, the reported role of PDT in peri-implant diseases, as well as existing observations and opinions regarding PDT, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Rahman
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (B.R.); (A.B.A.)
| | - Anirudh Balakrishna Acharya
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (B.R.); (A.B.A.)
| | - Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- College of Arts and Sciences, University City, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Elise Verron
- CNRS, UMR 6230, CEISAM, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université de Nantes, 2, rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, CEDEX 3, 44322 Nantes, France;
| | - Zahi Badran
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (B.R.); (A.B.A.)
- Correspondence:
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12
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A histological evaluation of the mice oral mucosal tissue wounds excised with diode laser, Er:YAG laser, and cold scalpel. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2707-2715. [PMID: 35298731 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03544-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Laser has been considered to show many favorable characteristics, including wound healing acceleration, hemostasis, biostimulation, and microbial inhibition. Previous studies have investigated the effect of laser treatment during the process of wound healing, with conflicting results. To date, there is still no unified conclusion on the effect and application principle of clinical laser therapy. This study evaluated the incision morphology, wound healing speed, and histological changes in mice oral mucosal wounds excised with diode laser, Er:YAG laser, and cold scalpel. The results showed that compared with the cold scalpel group, laser treatments caused more tissue thermal damage and carbonization, which led to a healing delay. However, lasers also showed some advantages, including hemostasis, regular incision, and immune response mobilization, suggesting that lasers may be beneficial in some specific cases, such as reducing intraoperative accidents and wound tissue laceration and controlling bleeding and postoperative infection. This study provides a theoretical basis for clarifying the effect of laser treatments and their clinical application principle.
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Song J, Zheng H, Wu M, Guo X, Liu T. Effect of Twinlight Laser on the Attachment of Human Gingival Fibroblasts to the Root Surface In Vitro. MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR : INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2022; 28:e932191. [PMID: 34983919 PMCID: PMC8744363 DOI: 10.12659/msm.932191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of subgingival scaling and root planing with the Twinlight laser, Er: YAG laser, and hand instrumentation on the removal of endotoxin and attachment of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) to cementum surfaces in vitro. Material/Methods Single-rooted teeth extracted for periodontal disease were collected and divided into 3 groups: group A, root planing with Gracey curet no. 5/6; group B, irradiation with Er: YAG laser; group C, irradiation with Er: YAG laser and Nd: YAG laser. Endotoxins were determined by the limulus amebocyte lysate test. Cell attachment and proliferation of HGFs on root specimens were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 assay. The root surface and cell morphology were observed by scanning electron microscope. Results A flat root surface with scratches was found in group A, Group B had a homogeneous rough morphology without carbonization, and group C had a non-homogeneous rough morphology with ablation. The endotoxin concentration was highest in group A (P<0.05) and lowest in group C (P>0.05). HGFs cultured in group B showed significantly increased adhesion and proliferation compared with groups A and C (P<0.05). HGFs in group B were well attached, covered densely by pseudopodia. HGFs in group A were round with poor extension and short pseudopodia, while the cells in the group C were in narrow, triangular, or polygonal shapes. Conclusions Twinlight laser-assisted periodontal treatment effectively improved the biocompatibility of root surface and promoted the attachment and proliferation of fibroblasts by removing calculus and reducing the concentration of endotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Song
- Department of Periodontology (II), Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland).,Department of Laser Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Han Zheng
- Department of Periodontology, Hefei Stomatological Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Mingxuan Wu
- Department of Periodontology (II), Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland).,Department of Laser Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoman Guo
- Department of Periodontology (II), Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland).,Department of Laser Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Taohong Liu
- Department of Periodontology (II), Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland).,Department of Laser Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
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14
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Alizadeh Tabari Z, Pournasir L, Mohammadreza S, Anbari F. Clinical Efficacy of the 940-nm Diode Laser in the Treatment of Recurrent Pockets in the Periodontal Maintenance Phase. J Lasers Med Sci 2021; 12:e68. [DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2021.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The basis of periodontal treatments is the mechanical removal of bacterial biofilm, which is often not sufficient. Therefore, laser therapy can be effective as an adjunct treatment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the 940-nm diode laser in the treatment of recurrent pockets of patients in the periodontal maintenance phase. Methods: The present clinical trial study was performed on 20 patients. Clinical indices, including bleeding index (BI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) of the studied teeth were recorded before the test. The different quadrants were randomly divided into two experimental (scaling and root planing (SRP)+Laser) and control groups (SRP alone). Both groups were matched in terms of plaque index (PI). Clinical indices were re-recorded using therapeutic methods 30 and 90 days after the treatment, and data analysis was carried out using the t test and LSD. Results: There were no significant differences in PI, PPD, CAL, and BI in both groups before the treatment (P>0.05). However, there were significant differences in PPD, CAL, and BI in the two groups one month after the treatment (P<0.05); it means that improvements were more significant in the experimental group than in the control group. Comparing experimental and control groups, we found that there were no significant differences in PPD and CAL indices three months after the treatment (P>0.05); however, there were significant improvements in the BI index in both groups (P<0.05), so that the improvement was better in the experimental group than the control group. Conclusion: Both SRP+Laser and SRP alone improved clinical indices in patients. In short-term follow-up, the effect of SRP+Laser treatment on BI, CAL, PPD was significantly superior to SRP treatment alone, but in long-term follow-up, SRP+laser was more effective than SRP alone in improving the BI index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Alizadeh Tabari
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | | | - Sadegh Mohammadreza
- Post Graduate Student of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Anbari
- Oral Medicine Department, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Tonin MH, Brites FC, Mariano JR, Freitas KMS, Ortiz MAL, Salmeron S. Low-Level Laser and Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Reduce Peri-implantitis-related Microorganisms Grown In Vitro. Eur J Dent 2021; 16:161-166. [PMID: 34598294 PMCID: PMC8890912 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Currently, dental implants are a predictable treatment option for oral rehabilitation; however, complications such as peri-implant diseases are increasing every day. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify the efficacy, in vitro, of two protocols against cultures of periodontal biofilm and Staphylococcus aureus. MATERIAL AND METHODS Petri dishes for each of the following groups were used: control groups (C)-plates inoculated with periodontal biofilm (C.B; n = 4) or S. aureus (C.SA; n = 4) without any treatment; laser groups-plates inoculated with periodontal biofilm (low-level laser therapy [LLLT].B; n = 4) or S. aureus (LLLT.SA; n = 4) and treated with LLLT (660 nm, 30 mW, 50 J/cm2, and 47 seconds); antimicrobial photodynamic therapy groups (aPDT)-plates inoculated with periodontal biofilm (aPDT.B; n = 4) or S. aureus (aPDT.SA; n = 4) and treated with aPDT (red laser 660 nm, 30 mW, 50 J/cm2, 47 seconds + toluidine blue O (TBO) 100 µg/mL, and 1 minute). After treatments were performed, the contents of all plates were diluted and seeded for counting colony-forming units (CFUs). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Results were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey's test, comparison of percentages, and independent t-tests with a 5% significance level. RESULTS Both treatments, LLLT and aPDT, significantly reduced the number of CFUs for the two types of culture, LLLT.B (3.69 × 106 ± 0.20), aPDT.B (2.79 × 106 ± 0.13), LLLT.SA (4.10 × 106 ± 0.12), and aPDT.SA (3.23 × 106 ± 0.10) when compared with control groups C.B (5.18 × 106 ± 0.43) and C.SA (5.81 × 106 ± 0.16; p = 0.000). When treatment groups were compared separately, there was also a statistically significant difference (p = 0.000). None of the protocols were able to eliminate cultured microorganisms. CONCLUSION The LLLT and aPDT protocols effectively reduced cultures of periodontal biofilm and S. aureus in vitro, with the superiority of aPDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo H Tonin
- Department of Implantology, Ingá University Center, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fabiano C Brites
- Department of Implantology, Ingá University Center, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - José R Mariano
- Department of Implantology, Unieuro University Center, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Karina M S Freitas
- Department of Orthodontics, Ingá University Center, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mariana A L Ortiz
- Department of Microbiology, Ingá University Center, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Samira Salmeron
- Department of Periodontics and Implant Dentistry, Ingá University Center, Maringá, Brazil
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16
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Yu S, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Li A, Pei D. Clinical effectiveness of adjunctive diode laser on scaling and root planing in the treatment of periodontitis: is there an optimal combination of usage mode and application regimen? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:759-769. [PMID: 34536183 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03412-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to evaluate the adjunctive clinical effectiveness of diode laser (DL) to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of periodontitis, and identify the optimal combination of usage mode and application regimen of DL. Eight electronic databases were searched up to January 2021. Probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque index (PI), and gingival index (GI) were assessed at short-term (4-6 weeks), 3-month, and 6-month follow-ups. Based on DL usage mode, studies were divided into three groups: inside, outside pocket, and combined modes. As for application regimen, studies in each group were further subdivided into single- and multiple-session subgroups. Thirty randomized controlled trials with 825 participants were included. For inside mode, single-session DL showed significant improvements for PPD (short-term, and 3-month, p < 0.05), CAL (short-term, and 3-month, p < 0.05), PI (3- and 6-month, p < 0.05), and GI (short-term, 3-month, and 6-month, p < 0.05). For outside mode, multiple-session DL showed notable improvements for most clinical outcomes (p < 0.05). The effect of combined mode was still uncertain. Adjunctive DL had additional clinical benefits in the treatment of periodontitis. One session laser treatment is suggested when DL is applied inside pocket in future clinical practice. Meanwhile, more than one session laser treatment presents better outcomes when DL is used outside pocket. PROSPERO: CRD42020156162.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Yujiao Liu
- School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ang Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, China. .,Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Dandan Pei
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, China. .,Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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da Cruz Galhardo Camargo GA, de Oliveira Barbosa LM, Stumbo MB, Thurler Júnior JC, da Costa GRM, Domingos-Vieira ADC, Pascoal VDB, Robbs BK, Lopes RT, de Araujo OMO, Capelo LP. Effects of infrared light laser therapy in vivo and in vitro periodontitis models. J Periodontol 2021; 93:308-319. [PMID: 34050677 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated the effects of infrared light laser therapy (ILLT) on ligature-induced periodontitis in rats using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), histology, fibroblast migration, and viability analysis. METHODS Forty-eight rats were randomly distributed into three groups: control (no periodontitis), PDC (periodontitis without laser therapy), and PD+L (periodontitis with laser therapy). Periodontitis was induced by ligature placement for 4 weeks. The 12-week-old rats (baseline) were subjected to laser treatment and euthanized 30 days after. After treatment, the mandibular first molars were prepared for micro-CT scanning, and histological sections were assessed as to the cementoenamel junction, alveolar bone crest, and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell infiltration. In vitro assays were carried out to examine NIH/3T3 fibroblast viability after laser therapy. RESULTS Migration and cell viability assays revealed that the ILLT maintained fibroblast cell viability with 4 J/cm2 , reaching 100% healing. The control group (at baseline and 30 days) presented a statistically significant difference from the PDC group at 30 days in terms of distance from the cementoenamel junction to the alveolar bone crest (CEJ-ABC). The PD+L group showed a statistically substantial difference from the PDC group at 30 days in terms of trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), degree of anisotropy (DA), and closed porosity percentage (Po%). CONCLUSION ILLT seemed to preserve the bone structure in the in vivo periodontitis induction model at 30 days and did not reduce cell viability or increase fibroblast migration in vitro. The ILLT provides positive effects on mandibular bone microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Alessandra da Cruz Galhardo Camargo
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Health Institute of Nova Friburgo, PPGO-ISNF, Specific Formation Department, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Milla Bonecini Stumbo
- Department of Basic Sciences, Federal Fluminense University, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Andréa de Castro Domingos-Vieira
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Kaufmann Robbs
- Postgraduate Program in Applied Science for Health Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Health Institute of Nova Friburgo, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Tadeu Lopes
- Nuclear Engineering Program (PEN/COPPE), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Olga Maria Oliveira de Araujo
- Nuclear Engineering Program (PEN/COPPE), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciane Portas Capelo
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Silveira GRC, de Lima DC, Cintra LTÂ, Brigagão MRPL, Ervolino E, Fernandes LA. Influence of Doxycycline and InGaAlP Diode Laser at 660 nm Wavelength in the Treatment of Periodontitis Induced in Rats: In Vivo Study. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:1104-1115. [PMID: 33713346 DOI: 10.1111/php.13414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the influence of Doxycycline (DOX) and Low-Intensity Laser (LIL) (InGaAlP diode laser) as scaling and root planing (SRP) adjuvants in the treatment of periodontitis induced in rats. The rats received periodontal disease induction, and after 7 days, the ligature was removed, and the animals were divided into groups/treatments: NT-receive no treatment; SRP-submitted only to SRP; DOX-submitted to SRP and DOX irrigation; LIL-submitted to SRP and LIL irradiation; and DOX + LIL-submitted to SRP treatments, DOX irrigation and LIL irradiation. The animals were sacrificed at 7, 15 and 30 days, and then, the analyses were performed. A lower concentration of Alpha-glycoprotein acid and Complement 3 was observed in the DOX + LIL group compared to all the other groups in all the periods, and for Complement 4 at 15 and 30 days (P < 0.01). A lower bone loss (BL) was observed in the DOX + LIL group compared to all the other groups in all the periods (P < 0.01). It can be concluded that LIL was effective in the reduction of proteins, and its association with DOX was effective in the reduction of proteins and BL, in the treatment of periodontal induction in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Coelho de Lima
- Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luciano Tavares Ângelo Cintra
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Edílson Ervolino
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Optimization of treatment and prevention of generalized periodontal diseases with the use of transgingival photoactived disinfection. EUREKA: HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.21303/2504-5679.2021.001614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study is to develop protocols for the treatment and prevention of generalized periodontal disease using a nozzle that designed for transgingival photosensitizer activation.
Methods. Analysis of available variants of irradiation nozzles for photoactivated disinfection. Circuit design and construction of authors’ irradiation nozzle for transgingival photosensitizer activation.
Results. Based on the analysis of data, there was developed a nozzle design that allows treating periodontium areas within 4-6 teeth, evenly distributes the required power of laser radiation, and can be used in hard-to-reach areas of the oral cavity. Based on the above calculations, a nozzle for transgingival photosensitizer activation was created (jointly with Fotonika Plus, PE). To optimize the PAD procedure, there was created a protocol of transgingival photoactivated disinfection to be applied at the stage of professional oral hygiene, using the created irradiation nozzle NOU-9 of authors’ design, and diode 2 W laser LIKA-surgeon with a wavelength of 660 nm. The result is the accelerated procedure of transgingival photoactivated disinfection.
Conclusions. The development of photoactivated disinfection technology allows supplementing the traditional treatment of generalized periodontal diseases. Studies of non-invasive, transgingival method of photosensitizer activation have recently become popular. This, in turn, carries a lower probability of cross-infection and less traumatization of periodontal tissues during the manipulation. The use of PAD cannot lead to resistance of the microflora in contrast to pharmacological antibacterial preparations. Carrying out PAD does not require any complex manual skills, the purchase of expensive equipment, provides an opportunity for widespread introduction of technology. The use of the therapeutic complex and protocols of PAD that were developed can significantly reduce the duration of the procedure, resulting in improved comfort for both the doctor and the patient. The NOU-9 irradiation nozzle allows reaching hard-to-reach areas of the oral cavity, distributing laser radiation efficiently and evenly on periodontal tissues. The LIKA-surgeon 2 W laser with a wavelength of 660 nm provides the operating parameters required to activate the photosensitizer. Due to low-intensity radiation, it is possible to enhance regenerative processes in the periodontium after traumatic intervention. Clinical studies on the antibacterial efficacy of the technology are ongoing
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Silveira GRC, de Lima DC, Cintra LTÂ, Brigagão MRPL, Ervolino E, Fernandes LA. Systemic and local effects of doxycycline and low-intensity laser treatment on periodontitis in rats. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2021; 52:39-53. [PMID: 35187872 PMCID: PMC8860759 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2100420021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study evaluated the systemic and local effects of doxycycline (DOX) and low-intensity laser (LIL) treatment as adjuvants to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of experimental periodontitis in rats. Methods The sample consisted of 180 male rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus, Wistar), of which 30 did not receive induction of periodontal disease (negative control [NC] group) and 150 received induction of periodontal disease in the lower first molar. After 7 days, the ligature was removed, and the animals were divided into the following groups: NT (no treatment), SRP (SRP), DOX (SRP and DOX irrigation), LIL (SRP and laser irradiation), and DOX+LIL (SRP, DOX, and LIL). The animals were euthanized at 7, 15, and 30 days; thereafter, biochemical, radiographic, histological, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. Results In the intragroup analysis, lower concentrations of α-1-glycoprotein acid (α-1-Ga) and complement 3 (C3) were observed in the DOX+LIL group than in all other groups at all time points, as well as lower levels of complement 4 (C4) at 15 and 30 days (P<0.001). Less bone loss was observed in the DOX, LIL, and DOX+LIL groups than in the NC and SRP groups at all time points (P<0.001). There was a smaller number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells in the DOX+LIL group than in the other groups at all time points (P<0.001). Positive correlations were observed between the systemic levels of α-1-Ga, C3, and C4 and the number of TRAP-positive cells. Conclusions The combination of DOX with LIL as SRP adjuvants was effective both systemically and locally for the treatment of experimental periodontitis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Edilson Ervolino
- Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP) Faculty of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Brazil
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21
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Liu Y, Duan D, Ma R, Ding Y, Xu Y, Zhou X, Zhao L, Xu X. The combined use of salivary biomarkers and clinical parameters to predict the outcome of scaling and root planing: A cohort study. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47:1379-1390. [PMID: 32935363 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore the application of the combined use of baseline salivary biomarkers and clinical parameters in predicting the outcome of scaling and root planing (SRP). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty patients with advanced periodontitis were included. Baseline saliva samples were analysed for interleukin-1β (IL-1β), matrix metalloproteinase-8 and the loads of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Tannerella forsythia. After SRP, pocket closure and further attachment loss at 6 months post-treatment were chosen as outcome variables. Models to predict the outcomes were established by generalized estimating equations. RESULTS The combined use of baseline clinical attachment level (CAL), site location and IL-1β (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.764) better predicted pocket closure than probing depth (AUC = 0.672), CAL (AUC = 0.679), site location (AUC = 0.654) or IL-1β (AUC = 0.579) alone. The combination of site location, tooth loss, percentage of deep pockets, detection of A. actinomycetemcomitans and T. forsythia load (AUC = 0.842) better predicted further clinical attachment loss than site location (AUC = 0.715), tooth loss (AUC = 0.530), percentage of deep pockets (AUC = 0.659) or T. forsythia load (AUC = 0.647) alone. CONCLUSION The combination of baseline salivary biomarkers and clinical parameters better predicted SRP outcomes than each alone. The current study indicates the possible usefulness of salivary biomarkers in addition to tooth-related parameters in predicting SRP outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dingyu Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
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22
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Sopi M, Koçani F, Bardhoshi M, Meqa K. Clinical and Biochemical Evaluation of the Effect of Diode Laser Treatment Compared to the Non-surgical and Surgical Treatment of Periodontal Diseases. Open Dent J 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210602014010281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Periodontal therapy consists of eliminating the inflammation, treating periodontal pockets, motivating the patient for oral hygiene, and, if necessary, for surgical treatment. Recently, the application of a diode laser is widely being investigated for periodontal disease treatment.
Objective:
The analysis and evaluation of the clinical and biochemical impact of diode laser periodontal treatment, compared to either surgical or non-surgical, therapy, was the aim of this study.
Methods:
The study involved 80 patients older than 18 with at least 20 teeth. Evaluation of periodontal parameters was done conveniently on a single-rooted tooth (incisive, canine, premolar) on six surfaces, before the start of periodontal therapy, and after three, and six months. The laser used in the study was a diode laser with a wavelength of 980 nm. Digital X-rays were taken for bone level evaluation before and after the treatment. The presence of a bone destruction mediator (Matrix metalloproteinase-8 - MMP-8) was evaluated by the dipstick immunoassay test. Biochemical analysis and radiographic measurements were evaluated at the baseline and six months after the treatment. The statistical analysis included χ2-test and one-way ANOVA.
Results:
The results of this study showed that diode laser treatment was more effective in reducing periodontal clinical parameters, lowering MMP-8 levels and reducing the bone loss, compared to the group treated with scaling and root planning, or with a surgical approach.
Conclusion:
Diode laser may be considered as an effective alternative for periodontal treatment, with benefits in clinical and biochemical parameters.
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23
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Cardoso MV, do Vale Placa R, Sant'Ana ACP, Greghi SLA, Zangrando MSR, de Rezende MLR, Oliveira RC, Damante CA. Laser and LED photobiomodulation effects in osteogenic or regular medium on rat calvaria osteoblasts obtained by newly forming bone technique. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:541-553. [PMID: 32514865 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The purposes of this study are to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) with laser and LED on rat calvaria osteoblasts (rGO lineage), cultured in osteogenic (OST) or regular (REG) medium, after induction of a quiescent state and to test if PBM is capable of osteogenic induction and if there is a sum of effects when combining OST medium with PBM. Before irradiation, the cells were put in a quiescent state (1% FBS) 24 h, when red (AlGaInP-660 nm) and infrared laser (GaAlAs-808 nm) and LED (637 ± 15 nm) were applied. The groups were as follows: red laser (RL3-5 J/cm2, 3 s and RL5-8.3 J/cm2, 5 s, 1.66 W/cm2); infrared laser (IrL3-5 J/cm2, 3 s and IrL5-8.3 J/cm2, 5 s); LED (LED3-3 s and LED5-5 s, 0.02 J/cm2, 0.885 W/cm2); positive (C+, 10% FBS) and negative control (C-, 1% FBS). For alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and mineralization assays, the cells were cultured in REG (DMEM 10% FBS) and OST medium (DMEM 10% FBS, 50 μg/mL ascorbic acid, 10 mM β-glycerophosphate). Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey's tests (p < 0.05). RL5 and LED5 increased proliferation, in vitro wound closure, ALP, and mineralization in rGO cells (p < 0.05). PBM with red laser and LED induced mineralization by itself, without osteogenic medium, not observed for infrared laser (p < 0.05). A sum of effects was observed in osteogenic medium and PBM by infrared, red laser, and LED (5 s). Red laser and LED increased proliferation, migration, and secretory phases in rGO cells in a dose-dependent manner. PBM with red laser and LED promotes osteogenic induction by itself. PBM with infrared laser and osteogenic medium potentializes mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Völz Cardoso
- Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil.
| | - Rebeca do Vale Placa
- Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | | | - Sebastião Luiz Aguiar Greghi
- Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Lucia Rubo de Rezende
- Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Cardoso Oliveira
- Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Carla Andreotti Damante
- Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
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24
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Erbil D, Nazaroglu K, Baser U, İssever H, Mese S, İsik AG. Clinical and Immunological Effects of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser in Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2020; 38:316-322. [PMID: 32427555 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and immunological results of nonsurgical periodontal treatment with or without the erbium, chromium:yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser. Background data: As lasers have begun to be used in dentistry, the Er,Cr:YSGG laser has started to attract attention in the field of periodontology. Materials and methods: Fifty-nine nonsmoking patients with advanced chronic periodontitis were randomly allocated to a test group (full-mouth ultrasonic supra- and subgingival debridement+Er,Cr:YSGG laser application) and a control group (full-mouth ultrasonic supra- and subgingival debridement+root planing with Gracey curettes). The laser parameters were set as follows: 1.5 W output power, pulse mode H (pulse duration of 140 μs), pulse frequency of 20 Hz, and an air-water spray ratio of 10% air and 15% water. The instrumentation was performed until the operator felt that the root surfaces were adequately debrided. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque index, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and MMP-8/TIMP-1 levels in gingival crevicular fluid were evaluated at baseline, 6 weeks, and 3 months postoperatively. Results: There were statistically significant differences in PD, which was our primary outcome, and BOP between the groups at both examinations [p < 0.001 and p < 0.001 (for PD) and p = 0.048 and p < 0.001 (for BOP), respectively], in favor of the laser group. However, there were no significant differences among groups at any time for CAL gain (p = 563 and p = 369, respectively). No significant differences in MMP-8, TIMP-1, and MMP-8/TIMP-1 levels were detected among groups. There was a statistically significant difference for IL-1β levels among groups at 3-month evaluations in favor of the laser group. Conclusions: Using the Er,Cr:YSGG laser instead of hand instruments in nonsurgical periodontal treatment has shown additional improvements in terms of pocket reduction and gingival bleeding compared with traditional nonsurgical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Erbil
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Ulku Baser
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Halim İssever
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevim Mese
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysen G İsik
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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25
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Gou H, Fan R, Chen X, Li L, Wang X, Xu Y, Svensson P, Wang K. Adjunctive effects of laser therapy on somatosensory function and vasomotor regulation of periodontal tissues in patients with periodontitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Periodontol 2020; 91:1307-1317. [PMID: 32146720 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this prospective study was to compare the changes in periodontal somatosensory function and microcirculation in patients with periodontitis following initial treatment with scaling and root planing (SRP) with or without adjuvant laser therapy. METHODS Twenty-four patients suffering from periodontitis were recruited and randomly allocated into a split-mouth design to either SRP combined laser therapy side (test side) or SRP only side (control side). All treatments were performed by the same investigator at a single visit. Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF) and Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) were performed at baseline (W0), 1 week (1W), 2 weeks (2W), and 4 weeks (4W) after treatment on both sides of the attached gingiva of the maxillary lateral incisor. Clinical examination including probing depth (PD) and bleeding on probing (BOP) was performed at W0, 2W, and 4W on both sides. Data were analyzed with two-way analysis of variance. RESULTS PD and BOP significantly improved after treatment (P <0.001). LDF values were significantly decreased on both sides at all follow-up time points (P <0.001), temperature was increased only on the test side (P = 0.017) whereas there was no significant change on the control side (P = 0.792). Significantly less sensitivity was observed for all QST parameters (P <0.030) except for warmth detection after treatment. CONCLUSION Adjunctive use of laser therapy did not provide any significant clinical advantage or additional effects on the recovery of periodontal somatosensory function or gingival microcirculation in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Gou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruyi Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peter Svensson
- Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Faculty of Odontology, Malmø University, Malmø, Sweden.,Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kelun Wang
- Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction (SMI), Department of Health Science & Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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26
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Murakami-Malaquias-da-Silva F, Rosa EP, Oliveira JG, Avelar IS, Palma-Cruz M, Fernandes Silva JG, Rigonato-Oliveira NC, Bussadori SK, Negreiros RM, Ligeiro-de-Oliveira AP, Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco A, Horliana AC. The role of periodontal treatment associated with photodynamic therapy on the modulation of systemic inflammation in the experimental model of asthma and periodontitis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 29:101619. [PMID: 31841684 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.101619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of Periodontitis (P) with several systemic diseases, among them asthma (A), has been previously studied. As periodontal treatment (TTO) associated with photodynamic therapy (PDT) is able to treat P, the aim of this study is to verify whether periodontitis exerts systemic effects on asthma, and whether TTO, associated or not with PDT, is capable of altering the systemic course of both pathologies. METHODS 64 male Balb/c mice were divided into 8 groups (n = 8): Basal (B), P, P + TTO, P + TTO + PDT, Asthma, A + P, A + P + TTO, A + P + TTO + PDT. After 43 days, all animals were euthanized. The total and differential leukocyte count in serum, platelet count, alveolar bronchial lavage cell count, femoral lavage cell count in addition to the reactivity of the trachea, lung edema and gingiva cytokines were analyzed. The frequency of inflammatory cells was assessed via flow cytometry. One-way ANOVA test was used, followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls post-test. RESULTS There was an increase in the number of blood circulating eosinophils in group A when compared to group B (p < 0.01); this characterized the asthma experimental model. P (p < 0.05) presented a lower amount of cytokine TNF-α in the gingiva when compared to the Asthma group. Apart from that, there was no statistical difference found for the other analyzed parameters. CONCLUSION These data contributed to elucidate that P and A, associated or not with TTO and PDT, are not able to interfere with the systemic parameters of Balb/c mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ellen Perim Rosa
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jessica Gonzaga Oliveira
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Isabella Sena Avelar
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marlon Palma-Cruz
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Joao Gabriel Fernandes Silva
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Renata Matalon Negreiros
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula Ligeiro-de-Oliveira
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Anna Carolina Horliana
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil.
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27
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Impact of tooth-related factors on photodynamic therapy effectiveness during active periodontal therapy: A 6-months split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 27:167-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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28
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Root surface demineralization by citric acid/tetracycline gel and aPDT associated to subepithelial connective tissue graft improves root coverage outcomes. A 12-month preliminary randomized clinical trial. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 197:111528. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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29
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Clinical and Microbiological Effects of the Use of Erbium: Yttrium–Aluminum–Garnet Laser on Chronic Periodontitis in Addition to Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial—6 Months Follow-Up. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2019; 37:182-190. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2018.4510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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30
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Ma L, Zhang X, Ma Z, Shi H, Zhang Y, Wu M, Cui W. Clinical Effectiveness of Er: YAG Lasers Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in Non-Surgical Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:7090-7099. [PMID: 30289123 PMCID: PMC6186153 DOI: 10.12659/msm.911863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Er: YAG lasers (ERLs) show suitable characteristics for scaling and root planing, but previous studies have drawn conflicting conclusions. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically appraise the available evidence concerning the effectiveness of ERLs as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) for non-surgical periodontal treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing ERLs+SRP with SRP alone for the treatment of chronic periodontitis were searched in 9 electronic biomedical databases up to January 2018. The weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were counted for probing depth (PD) reduction, clinical attachment level (CAL) gain, and visual analog scale (VAS) score. Heterogeneity was evaluated with the I² statistic for interstudy comparisons and the χ²-based Q statistic for intra-study comparisons. Sensitivity analysis was conducted by switching to a random or fixed effect model based on the heterogeneity. Publication bias was measured by Begg's test. RESULTS Ten related RCTs met the inclusion criteria. There were statistically significant differences in the assessed clinical parameters at the three-month follow-up: PD reduction (WMD=0.32, 95%CI range from 0.14 to 0.51, p<0.001; p=0.003, I²=69.7%); CAL gain (WMD=0.31, 95%CI range from 0.22 to 0.40, p<0.001; p=0.209, I²=28.8%); and VAS scores (WMD=-1.38, 95%CI range from -2.45 to -0.31, p<0.001; p=0.182, I²=44%). There were no significant differences at the six- and twelve-month follow-ups. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the results were consistent. No evidence of publication bias was detected. CONCLUSIONS This systematic analysis demonstrated that ERLs+SRP provides additional short-term effectiveness and that patients experience less pain compared to SRP. There were no significant differences at the medium-term and long-term follow-ups. Long-term well-designed RCTs are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ma
- College and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University; Hebei Province Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Zhe Ma
- College and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Hong Shi
- College and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Yanning Zhang
- College and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Mingxuan Wu
- College and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Stomatology, No. 2 Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei, China (mainland)
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31
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Yildiz MS, Gunpinar S. Free gingival graft adjunct with low-level laser therapy: a randomized placebo-controlled parallel group study. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:1845-1854. [PMID: 30218227 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2608-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in terms of enhancing wound healing, reducing free gingival graft (FGG) shrinkage and postoperative pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty patients were randomly assigned to receive either FGG + LLLT (test, n = 15) or FGG + plasebo LLLT (control, n = 15). In the test group, a diode laser (810 nm, 0.1 W, energy density 6 J/cm2) was applied immediately after surgery and 1, 3, 7, and 14 days later. Measurements of the graft surface areas of the groups were made with an image-analyzing software at baseline and first, third, and sixth months. Complete wound epithelialization and visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain score were evaluated after surgery. RESULTS Shrinkage of the graft was statistically higher in the control than the test group at third and sixth months (p < 0.05). In terms of epithelization of the graft area, the test and control groups did not show any significant difference during the 28-day period (p > 0.05). Besides this, statistically significant differences were observed for VAS pain score and the number of analgesic used (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The use of an 810-nm diode laser provided additional benefits to FGG in terms of less shrinkage of the graft dimensions and postoperative pain. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Low-level laser therapy reduced the shrinkage of free gingival graft's surface area after 6 months and enhanced postoperative pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Selim Yildiz
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Sadiye Gunpinar
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey.
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Abstract
This volume of Periodontology 2000 represents the 25th anniversary of the Journal, and uses the occasion to assess important advancements in periodontology over the past quarter-century as well as the hurdles that remain. Periodontitis is defined by pathologic loss of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. The disease involves complex dynamic interactions among active herpesviruses, specific bacterial pathogens and destructive immune responses. Periodontal diagnostics is currently based on clinical rather than etiologic criteria, and provides limited therapeutic guidance. Periodontal causative treatment consists of scaling, antiseptic rinses and occasionally systemic antibiotics, and surgical intervention has been de-emphasized, except perhaps for the most advanced types of periodontitis. Plastic surgical therapy includes soft-tissue grafting to cover exposed root surfaces and bone grafting to provide support for implants. Dental implants are used to replace severely diseased or missing teeth, but implant overuse is of concern. The utility of laser treatment for periodontitis remains unresolved. Host modulation and risk-factor modification therapies may benefit select patient groups. Patient self-care is a critical part of periodontal health care, and twice-weekly oral rinsing with 0.10-0.25% sodium hypochlorite constitutes a valuable adjunct to conventional anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis treatments. A link between periodontal herpesviruses and systemic diseases is a strong biological plausibility. In summary, research during the past 25 years has significantly changed our concepts of periodontitis pathobiology and has produced more-effective and less-costly therapeutic options.
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33
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Diener VN, Gay A, Soyka MB, Attin T, Schmidlin PR, Sahrmann P. What is the influence of tonsillectomy on the level of periodontal pathogens on the tongue dorsum and in periodontal pockets. BMC Oral Health 2018; 18:62. [PMID: 29625605 PMCID: PMC5889595 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-018-0521-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For periodontal treatment, the full mouth disinfection approach suggests disinfection of oral soft tissues, such as tongue and tonsils concomitant to scaling and root planning since patients might benefit from treatment of these oral niches either. Periodontopathogenes in tonsillar tissue support this hypothesis. This prospective controlled clinical study investigated the change in the oral flora of patients who underwent tonsillectomy. Pockets were tested for eleven bacterial species before and six weeks after the surgical intervention. METHODS Fifty generally healthy adults were included in this study. The test group consisted of 25 patients with tonsillectomy. The control group included 25 patients with otorhinolarynologic surgery without involvement of the oral cavity. Clinical parameters such as probing pocket depth, bleeding-on-probing index and plaque index were registered the evening before surgery. Also bacterial samples from the gingival sulcus and dorsum linguae were taken, and an additional sample from the removed tonsils in the test group. Six weeks after the intervention microbial samples of pockets and tongue were taken again. Data were tested for significant differences using Wilcoxon rank and Whitney-u-test. RESULTS No relevant intra- or intergroup differences were found for the change of the eleven investigated species. CONCLUSION Based on the results of the present study, tonsillectomy does not seem to have an immediate relevant effect on the bacterial flora of tongue or periodontium. This study design was approved by the ethical committee of Zurich (KEK-ZH-Nr.2013-0419). TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was retrospectively registered in the German Clinical Trials Register ( DRK00014077 ) on February 20, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- V N Diener
- Clinic for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariologiy, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - A Gay
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M B Soyka
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T Attin
- Clinic for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariologiy, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P R Schmidlin
- Clinic for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariologiy, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P Sahrmann
- Clinic for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariologiy, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Petrović MS, Kannosh IY, Milašin JM, Mihailović DS, Obradović RR, Bubanj SR, Kesić LG. Clinical, microbiological and cytomorphometric evaluation of low-level laser therapy as an adjunct to periodontal therapy in patients with chronic periodontitis. Int J Dent Hyg 2018; 16:e120-e127. [DOI: 10.1111/idh.12328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- MS Petrović
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Dental Clinic; Faculty of medicine; University of Niš; Niš Serbia
| | - IY Kannosh
- Department of Human Genetics; School of Dental medicine; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - JM Milašin
- Department of Human Genetics; School of Dental medicine; University of Belgrade; Belgrade Serbia
| | - DS Mihailović
- Institute of Pathological Anatomy; Medical Faculty Nis; University of Niš; Niš Serbia
| | - RR Obradović
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Dental Clinic; Faculty of medicine; University of Niš; Niš Serbia
| | - SR Bubanj
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education; Department of applied kinesiology; University of Niš; Niš Serbia
| | - LG Kesić
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Dental Clinic; Faculty of medicine; University of Niš; Niš Serbia
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Comparison of the effect of root surface modification with citric acid, EDTA, and aPDT on adhesion and proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts and osteoblasts: an in vitro study. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 33:533-538. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2395-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Cobb CM. Lasers and the treatment of periodontitis: the essence and the noise. Periodontol 2000 2017; 75:205-295. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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37
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Abbaszadeh HA, Peyvandi AA, Sadeghi Y, Safaei A, Zamanian-Azodi M, Khoramgah MS, Rezaei-Tavirani M. Er:YAG Laser and Cyclosporin A Effect on Cell Cycle Regulation of Human Gingival Fibroblast Cells. J Lasers Med Sci 2017; 8:143-149. [PMID: 29123635 DOI: 10.15171/jlms.2017.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Periodontitis is a set of inflammatory disorders characterized by periodontal attachment loss and alveolar bone resorption. Because of deficiency in periodontitis mechanical therapy, this study was aimed to explore the molecular influence of the erbiumdoped: yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser and cyclosporin A (CsA) on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) for improvement in periodontal diseases therapy. Methods: We focused on articles that studied the proteome profiles of HGFs after treatment with laser irradiation and application of CsA. The topological features of differentially expressed proteins were analyzed using Cytoscape Version 3.4.0 followed by module selection from the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network using Cluster ONE plugin. In addition, we performed gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis for the densely connected region and key proteins in both PPI networks. Results: Analysis of PPI network of Er:YAG laser irradiation on HGFs lead to introducing YWHAZ, VCP, HNRNPU, YWHAE, UBA52, CLTC, FUS and IGHG1 as key proteins while similar analysis revealed that ACAT1, CTSD, ALDOA, ANXA2, PRDX1, LGALS3, ARHGDI and EEF1A1 are the crucial proteins related to the effect of drug. GO enrichment analysis of hubbottleneck proteins of the 2 networks showed the different significant biological processes and cellular components. The functional enrichments of module of Er:YAG laser network are included as fatty acid transmembrane transport, cytokinesis, regulation of RNA splicing and asymmetric protein localization. There are not any significant clusters in network of HGF treated by CsA. Conclusion: The results indicate that there are 2 separate biomarker panels for the 2 treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojjat-Allah Abbaszadeh
- Hearing Disorders Research Center and Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Peyvandi
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Sadeghi
- Hearing Disorders Research Center and Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Safaei
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Zamanian-Azodi
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Sadat Khoramgah
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Periodontal diseases comprise a wide range of inflammatory conditions that affect the supporting structures of the teeth (the gingiva, bone and periodontal ligament), which could lead to tooth loss and contribute to systemic inflammation. Chronic periodontitis predominantly affects adults, but aggressive periodontitis may occasionally occur in children. Periodontal disease initiation and propagation is through a dysbiosis of the commensal oral microbiota (dental plaque), which then interacts with the immune defences of the host, leading to inflammation and disease. This pathophysiological situation persists through bouts of activity and quiescence, until the affected tooth is extracted or the microbial biofilm is therapeutically removed and the inflammation subsides. The severity of the periodontal disease depends on environmental and host risk factors, both modifiable (for example, smoking) and non-modifiable (for example, genetic susceptibility). Prevention is achieved with daily self-performed oral hygiene and professional removal of the microbial biofilm on a quarterly or bi-annual basis. New treatment modalities that are actively explored include antimicrobial therapy, host modulation therapy, laser therapy and tissue engineering for tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis F Kinane
- University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Panagiota G Stathopoulou
- University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Panos N Papapanou
- Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Karam PSBH, Ferreira R, Oliveira RC, Greghi SLA, de Rezende MLR, Sant'Ana ACP, Zangrando MSR, Damante CA. Stimulation of human gingival fibroblasts viability and growth by roots treated with high intensity lasers, photodynamic therapy and citric acid. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 81:1-6. [PMID: 28456059 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the effect of root biomodification by lasers, citric acid and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on viability and proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts (FGH). DESIGN Groups were divided in control (CC - only cells), and root fragments treated by: scaling and root planing (positice control - SC), Er:YAG (ER-60mJ,10pps,10Hz,10s,2940nm), Nd:YAG (ND-0.5W,15Hz,10s,1640nm), antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT-InGaAIP,30mW,45J/cm2,30s,660nm,toluidine blue O), citric acid plus tetracycline (CA). Fibroblasts (6th passage, 2×103) were cultivated in a 24-h conditioned medium by the treated root fragments. Cell viability was measured by MTT test at 24, 48, 72 and 96h. In a second experiment, FGH cells (104) were cultivated on root fragments which received the same treatments. After 24, 48, 72h the number of cells was counted in SEM pictures. In addition, chemical elements were analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Data was analyzed by two-way ANOVA (first experiment), repeated measures ANOVA (second experiment) and ANOVA (EDS experiment) tests complemented by Tukey's test (p<0.05). RESULTS ND, PDT and CA promoted higher cell viability (p<0.05). ND and ER groups presented higher number of cells on root surfaces (p<0.05). ER group presented higher calcium and CA group a higher carbon percentages (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS All treatments but scaling and root planing stimulated fibroblast viability while Er:YAG and Nd:YAG treated root surfaces presented higher number of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Ferreira
- Discipline of Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
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40
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Eick S, Meier I, Spoerlé F, Bender P, Aoki A, Izumi Y, Salvi GE, Sculean A. In Vitro-Activity of Er:YAG Laser in Comparison with other Treatment Modalities on Biofilm Ablation from Implant and Tooth Surfaces. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171086. [PMID: 28125700 PMCID: PMC5268770 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Bacterial biofilms play a major role in the etiology of periodontal and peri-implant diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the removal of bacterial biofilms and attachment of epithelial cells (EC), gingival fibroblasts (GF) and osteoblast-like cells (OC) to dentin and titanium surfaces after Er:YAG laser (Er:YAG) in comparison with other treatment methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS Multi-species bacterial biofilms were grown on standardized dentin and titanium specimens with a sand-blasted and acid etched (SLA) surface for 3.5 d. Thereafter, the specimens were placed into artificially-created pockets. The following methods for biofilm removal were used: 1) Gracey (dentin) or titanium curettes (CUR), 2) Er:YAG, 3) photodynamic therapy (PDT) and 4) CUR with adjunctive PDT (CUR/PDT). Colony forming units (CFUs) of the remaining biofilms and attachment of EC, GF and OC were determined. Statistical analysis was performed by means of ANOVA with post-hoc LSD. RESULTS All treatment methods decreased statistically significantly (p<0.001) total CFUs in biofilms compared with untreated dentin and titanium surfaces respectively. On dentin, Er:YAG was equally efficient as CUR and PDT but inferior to CUR/PDT (p = 0.005). On titanium, surfaces, the use of Er:YAG resulted in statistically significantly superior biofilm removal compared to the 3 other treatments (each p<0.001). Counts of attached EC, GF and OC were the lowest on untreated contaminated dentin and titanium surfaces each. After CUR/PDT higher EC counts were found on dentin (p = 0.006). On titanium, all decontamination methods statistically significantly increased (p<0.001) the counts of attached EC without differences between groups. Statistically significantly higher counts of GF (p = 0.024) and OC (p<0.001) were observed after Er:YAG decontamination compared with untreated surfaces. CONCLUSION Ablation of subgingival biofilms and in particular decontamination of titanium implant surfaces with an Er:YAG laser seem to be a promising approach and warrants further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrun Eick
- School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Ivan Meier
- School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Florian Spoerlé
- School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philip Bender
- School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Akira Aoki
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Izumi
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Giovanni E. Salvi
- School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anton Sculean
- School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Cobb CM. Commentary: Is There Clinical Benefit From Using a Diode or Neodymium:Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet Laser in the Treatment of Periodontitis? J Periodontol 2016; 87:1117-31. [PMID: 27181116 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.160134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite a quarter of a century of laser research, there is a persistent debate regarding the efficacy of dental lasers in the treatment of periodontitis or periodontal maintenance therapy. There are many claims and much hyperbole surrounding the use of lasers, either as a monotherapy or adjunctive to scaling and root planing, to treat periodontitis. There is little evidence that using a diode or neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser adds clinical value over and above conventional non-surgical or surgical periodontal treatment. There is a significant need for better designed human clinical trials. Data from such trials should be analyzed according to initial probing depth and characteristics of the treated sites, such as non-molar, molar flat surfaces, and molar furcations, and evaluated for long-term post-treatment results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles M Cobb
- Department of Periodontics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO
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Kikuchi T, Mogi M, Okabe I, Okada K, Goto H, Sasaki Y, Fujimura T, Fukuda M, Mitani A. Adjunctive Application of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment: A Review of Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:24111-26. [PMID: 26473843 PMCID: PMC4632741 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161024111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is caused by dental plaque biofilms, and the removal of these biofilms from the root surface of teeth plays a central part in its treatment. The conventional treatment for periodontal disease fails to remove periodontal infection in a subset of cases, such as those with complicated root morphology. Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been proposed as an additional treatment for this infectious disease. Many periodontal pathogenic bacteria are susceptible to low-power lasers in the presence of dyes, such as methylene blue, toluidine blue O, malachite green, and indocyanine green. aPDT uses these light-activated photosensitizer that is incorporated selectively by bacteria and absorbs a low-power laser/light with an appropriate wavelength to induce singlet oxygen and free radicals, which are toxic to bacteria. While this technique has been evaluated by many clinical studies, some systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported controversial results about the benefits of aPDT for periodontal treatment. In the light of these previous reports, the aim of this review is to provide comprehensive information about aPDT and help extend knowledge of advanced laser therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kikuchi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan.
| | - Makio Mogi
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8650, Japan.
| | - Iichiro Okabe
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Okada
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Goto
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan.
| | - Yasuyuki Sasaki
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan.
| | - Takeki Fujimura
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan.
| | - Mitsuo Fukuda
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan.
| | - Akio Mitani
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8651, Japan.
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Abstract
Periodontal diseases occur worldwide, and Latin American populations are significantly affected by different manifestations of periodontal disease. The interest in periodontics and periodontal therapy first developed in the early 1930s in the southernmost countries of Latin America, and spread, as the years went by, throughout the region. Today, periodontal research is vibrant in Latin America. The aim of this volume of Periodontology 2000 was to present an overview of the periodontal research currently being performed in different countries of Latin America. The epidemiology of periodontal diseases in adults, children and adolescents, and the pathogenesis of such diseases (including microbiological characteristics and risk factors), are discussed. The role of systemic antibiotic therapy and the effect of smoking are discussed in relation to the progression and the treatment of periodontitis. In addition, the benefit of lasers in periodontal therapy is evaluated. Latin American research groups have been active in exploring new venues of regenerative periodontal treatment, addressing the role of cementum proteins, growth factors and oral mesenchymal stem cells in tissue engineering. Finally, basic research to study cancerization is reported.
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