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Romagnoli S, Krekeler N, de Cramer K, Kutzler M, McCarthy R, Schaefer-Somi S. WSAVA guidelines for the control of reproduction in dogs and cats. J Small Anim Pract 2024. [PMID: 38804079 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- S Romagnoli
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, Viale dell'Università 16, University of Padova, Legnaro, 35020, Italy
| | - N Krekeler
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - K de Cramer
- Department of Production Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - M Kutzler
- Dept of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, 112 Withycombe Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - R McCarthy
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA, 01536, United States
| | - S Schaefer-Somi
- Center for Reproduction, Vetmeduni Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna, 1210, Austria
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2
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Domosławska-Wyderska A, Zduńczyk S, Rafalska A. Potential role of oxidative stress in pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia in male dogs. Reprod Domest Anim 2024; 59:e14580. [PMID: 38698701 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in dogs is still not fully understood. Some studies suggest that oxidative stress may have a potential role in the pathogenesis of BPH in dogs. Age-related hormonal changes may activate a chronic inflammatory response in the prostate. This causes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and results in oxidative stress. Excessive production of ROS results in DNA damage and hyperplastic transformation of prostatic cells. The use of antioxidants for improvement of treatment outcomes for canine PBH has been discussed. Further research is needed on the importance of oxidative stress in the development of BPH in dogs and the usefulness of antioxidants in the supportive treatment of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sławomir Zduńczyk
- Department of Animal Reproduction with Clinic, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agata Rafalska
- Department of Animal Reproduction with Clinic, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
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3
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Banchi P, Spanoghe L, Maes D, Morrell J, Van Soom A. The reproductive microbiome in dogs: Friend or foe? Vet J 2024; 304:106100. [PMID: 38484870 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The microbiome of the reproductive tract is an area of research in full development. Specifically, the microbiome may be involved in reproductive health, disease, and pregnancy outcomes, as has been shown in humans and animals, including dogs. The aim of the present review was to summarize current knowledge on the microbiome of the canine reproductive tract, to expose the controversial role that some bacterial agents may play in canine subfertility, and to highlight future research perspectives. This review discussed whether the use of antimicrobials in dogs is appropriate to increase reproductive performance and to treat subfertility without proper diagnosis, and the possible use of probiotics to modulate the reproductive canine microbiome. Finally, we indicate areas in which scientific knowledge is currently lacking, and could be promising directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penelope Banchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium; Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco 10095, Italy.
| | - Lotte Spanoghe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium
| | - Dominiek Maes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium
| | - Jane Morrell
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala 75007, Sweden
| | - Ann Van Soom
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium
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Ploypetch S, Wongbandue G, Roytrakul S, Phaonakrop N, Prapaiwan N. Comparative Serum Proteome Profiling of Canine Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia before and after Castration. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3853. [PMID: 38136890 PMCID: PMC10740436 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BPH is the most prevalent prostatic condition in aging dogs. Nevertheless, clinical diagnosis and management remain inconsistent. This study employed in-solution digestion coupled with nano-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to assess serum proteome profiling of dogs with BPH and those dogs after castration. Male dogs were divided into two groups; control and BPH groups. In the BPH group, each dog was evaluated at two time points: Day 0 (BF subgroup) and Day 30 after castration (AT subgroup). In the BF subgroup, three proteins were significantly upregulated and associated with dihydrotestosterone: solute carrier family 5 member 5, tyrosine-protein kinase, and FRAT regulator of WNT signaling pathway 1. Additionally, the overexpression of polymeric immunoglobulin receptors in the BF subgroup hints at its potential as a novel protein linked to the BPH development process. Conversely, alpha-1-B glycoprotein (A1BG) displayed significant downregulation in the BF subgroup, suggesting A1BG's potential as a predictive protein for canine BPH. Finasteride was associated with increased proteins in the AT subgroup, including apolipoprotein C-I, apolipoprotein E, apolipoprotein A-II, TAO kinase 1, DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 16, PH domain and leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase 1, neuregulin 1, and pseudopodium enriched atypical kinase 1. In conclusion, this pilot study highlighted alterations in various serum proteins in canine BPH, reflecting different pathological changes occurring in this condition. These proteins could be a source of potential non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosing this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sekkarin Ploypetch
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (S.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Grisnarong Wongbandue
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (S.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Functional Proteomics Technology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (S.R.); (N.P.)
| | - Narumon Phaonakrop
- Functional Proteomics Technology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand; (S.R.); (N.P.)
| | - Nawarus Prapaiwan
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (S.P.); (G.W.)
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5
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Chronic Use of Deslorelin in Dogs: Six Cases (2005-2022). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13020265. [PMID: 36670804 PMCID: PMC9855145 DOI: 10.3390/ani13020265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Deslorelin is currently registered for the induction of temporary infertility in male dogs, male cats, male ferrets, and also prepubertal female dogs, but research has shown its usefulness for other conditions requiring chronic treatment. This paper presents six cases of dogs chronically treated with deslorelin for indications such as benign prostatic hyperplasia, control of fertility, abnormal reproductive behavior and urinary incontinence. All animals were in good health during treatment. Treatment duration was 2-9 years. No short-term side effects were observed except for flare-up reactions, which were observed only in 1/4 intact males. Two dogs developed a neoplasia: a spayed bitch treated for urinary incontinence developed a pituitary carcinoma, and an intact male dog implanted for control of fertility developed a bladder carcinoma. While the pituitary carcinoma seems unlikely to be related to deslorelin, the bladder carcinoma could be due to the neutered condition of the dog (which was treated for 9 years) as urinary tract neoplasia is more common in dogs following gonadectomy. Chronic treatment with deslorelin is regarded as safe when an animal is being treated for life. The possibility that a pause in the treatment might be helpful for the animal should be investigated.
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6
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Domoslawska A, Zduńczyk S, Kankofer M, Bielecka A. Oxidative stress biomarkers in dogs with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Ir Vet J 2022; 75:21. [PMID: 36517914 PMCID: PMC9753414 DOI: 10.1186/s13620-022-00228-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and biomarkers of lipid and protein peroxidation in the blood serum of dogs with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The study was conducted on 36 intact male dogs of various breeds. The dogs were assigned to two groups: BPH group (n = 18) and non-affected group (n = 18). Blood samples were collected from the cephalic vein. The antioxidant status of the serum was assessed using TAC. The levels of bityrosine, formylkynurenine and SH-groups were used as protein peroxidation biomarkers and the level of radical cations of N,N-diethyl-paraphenylene diamine (RC-DEPPD) was used as a marker for lipid peroxidation. TAC and the concentrations of SH-groups and RC-DEPPD in the serum were determined spectrophotometrically, the concentrations of bityrosine and formylokynurenine, were determined using spectrofluorimetric methods. RESULTS The mean value of TAC in the serum was significantly lower (P = 0.01) in BPH dogs than in non-affected dogs (3.10 ± 0.56 vs 4.20 ± 1.60 μmol/g protein). Mean levels of protein and lipid oxidation biomarkers showed a trend towards oxidative imbalance, but there were no statistically significant differences between dogs with BPH and controls (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION In conclusion, significantly lower serum TAC in dogs with BPH compared to non-affected dogs suggests a potential involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of BPH in dogs. More studies are needed to clarify the role of oxidative stress in the development of BPH in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Domoslawska
- grid.412607.60000 0001 2149 6795Department of Animal Reproduction with Clinic, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sławomir Zduńczyk
- grid.412607.60000 0001 2149 6795Department of Animal Reproduction with Clinic, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marta Kankofer
- grid.411201.70000 0000 8816 7059Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Arleta Bielecka
- grid.411201.70000 0000 8816 7059Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
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Cunto M, Ballotta G, Zambelli D. Benign prostatic hyperplasia in the dog. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 247:107096. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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8
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Schäfer-Somi S. Diseases of the Canine Prostate Gland. Vet Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.105835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In dogs, the most frequent diseases of the prostate gland are benign prostate gland hyperplasia (BPH), acute and chronic prostatitis, squamous metaplasia, and prostate tumors. New diagnostic tools comprise diagnostic markers in the blood and urine, as well as advanced imaging methods. The therapy can be initialized with the 5α-reductase-inhibitor finasteride or an anti-androgenic compound, and prolonged with a long-acting gonadotropin-releasing-hormone (GnRH)-agonist such as deslorelin. In case of prostatitis, effective antibiotics must be applied for weeks. Antibiotics must be able to penetrate into the prostate tissue; fluoroquinolones, clindamycin, and erythromycin are good choices and are in addition effective against mycoplasms. The chronical prostatitis cannot be differentiated from a neoplasia by sonography; a biopsy, histological, and bacteriological examination are required. Tumors of the prostate gland are seldom and mostly occur in castrated but in intact dogs. For the final diagnosis, a biopsy must be taken. Partial and total resection of the prostate gland by use of laser technique is possible but coincedes with many side effects and the prognosis is still futile. Immunotherapy combined with NSAIDs, targeted noninvasive thermotherapy, BRAF gene inhibitors, or prostate artery chemoembolization are promising methods.
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9
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Zdunczyk S, Domosławska A. Effect of drugs on fertility in male dogs: A review. Reprod Domest Anim 2022; 57:949-956. [PMID: 35662278 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this literature review is to present and discuss the available data on the effects of drugs on male dog fertility. Apart from hormones and antihormonal agents, there is still only little information available regarding the effect of other drugs on sexual function and fertility in male dogs. A negative impact on fertility in male dogs has been reported for vincristine, cyclophosphamide, tetracycline and ketoconazole. However, preclinical safety studies of drugs for human use indicated that spermatogenesis in dogs may be sensitive to a wide variety of drugs. Thus, in cases of reduced fertility or infertility in male dogs, medical treatment should always be considered. In most cases, the effects of drugs on sexual function and spermatogenesis are reversible after the discontinuation of the drug. Further studies on the effects of drugs on male dog fertility are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slawomir Zdunczyk
- Department of Animal Reproduction with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, , Oczapowskiego 14, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Anna Domosławska
- Department of Animal Reproduction with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, , Oczapowskiego 14, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
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10
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Urinary Tract Infections Treatment/Comparative Therapeutics. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2022; 52:581-608. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lea C, Walker D, Blazquez CA, Zaghloul O, Tappin S, Kelly D. Prostatitis and prostatic abscessation in dogs: retrospective study of 82 cases. Aust Vet J 2022; 100:223-229. [PMID: 35176814 DOI: 10.1111/avj.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe clinical signs, diagnostics, treatments and outcomes of prostatitis and prostatic abscesses of dogs in a referral population. ANIMALS Eighty-two dogs diagnosed with prostatitis and/or prostatic abscesses from three referral hospitals. PROCEDURES Retrospective case series. RESULTS A total of 82 dogs were included, and the median age was nine years. Acute prostatitis was diagnosed in 63% of cases, chronic prostatitis in 37% of cases and 40% of cases had prostatic abscessation. Prostatomegaly was the most common ultrasonographic finding. Mineralisation was identified in 20% of cases. The results of urine and prostatic bacterial culture were concordant in only 50% of cases. Antimicrobial resistance was encountered commonly, with 29% of cultures resistant to one antimicrobial and 52% resistant to two or more antimicrobials. Abscesses were treated with either antimicrobials alone, ultrasound-guided needle drainage or surgical drainage. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE With antimicrobial treatment and castration, the prognosis for canine prostatitis appears good. Prostatic abscessation is commonly encountered and does not appear to infer a worse prognosis and antimicrobials alone, ultrasound-guided needle drainage and surgical drainage all appear to be reasonable treatment options. Antimicrobial resistance is commonly encountered, and the results of urine culture and susceptibility testing are frequently discordant with those from samples from the prostate. Sampling of the prostate is required to confirm a diagnosis and exclude other pathologies such as neoplasia, particularly as mineralisation is seen in a reasonable number of cases of dogs with prostatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Counties Veterinary Specialists, Ringwood, UK
| | - D Walker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, Winchester, UK
| | - C A Blazquez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dick White Referrals, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - O Zaghloul
- Lawrence Veterinary Care, Nottingham, UK
| | - S Tappin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dick White Referrals, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - D Kelly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Counties Veterinary Specialists, Ringwood, UK
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12
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Ferré-Dolcet L, Frigotto L, Contiero B, Bedin S, Romagnoli S. Prostatic fluid composition and semen quality in dogs with benign prostatic hyperplasia undergoing treatment with osaterone acetate. Reprod Domest Anim 2021; 57:72-79. [PMID: 34706118 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) may alter prostatic fluid biochemical composition causing reduced fertility. Osaterone acetate (OA) is an androgen receptor antagonist marketed for treatment of canine BPH. Little information exists on effects of OA administration on biochemical composition of canine prostatic fluid and its role on fertility. The aim of this research was to study biochemical composition of prostatic fluid and its role on semen quality in dogs with BPH undergoing treatment with OA. Eight intact, 5-11-year-old dogs with benign prostatic hyperplasia were treated orally with OA at a dose of 0.25-0.5 mg/kg once daily for seven days. Prostatic volume, semen evaluation and a biochemical analysis of prostatic fluid were performed on the day before treatment (D0), D60, D120, D180 and D240. A significant reduction (57% and 61%) of prostatic volume was observed at D60 and D120, respectively, and a significant reduction (20%) of normal spermatozoa was observed at D60 coincident with a significant increase of sperm tail defects, which disappeared during the course of the treatment. Prostatic fluid composition did not vary during the OA treatment except for zinc (Zn2+ ) with a significant increase at D120 and D180 correlated with the return to normal sperm values. In conclusion, canine Zn2+ prostatic fluid concentrations decrease during development of BPH and return to normal during treatment with OA. Zn2+ is an important electrolyte for semen quality, suggesting that oral Zn2+ supplementation might be considered a treatment to improve semen quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluis Ferré-Dolcet
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Contiero
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Bedin
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Romagnoli
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Phongphaew W, Kongtia M, Kim K, Sirinarumitr K, Sirinarumitr T. Association of bacterial isolates and antimicrobial susceptibility between prostatic fluid and urine samples in canine prostatitis with concurrent cystitis. Theriogenology 2021; 173:202-210. [PMID: 34399384 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Most old, intact male dogs usually have prostate disorders, especially benign prostatic hypertrophy and prostatitis with or without abscesses, and concurrent cystitis. The successful treatment of dogs with prostatitis concurrent with cystitis has relied on choosing an appropriate antimicrobial drug based on a bacterial culture and drug sensitivity testing. The objective of the study was to compare the prevalence of bacterial species and results of drug susceptibility testing of bacteria that were isolated from the prostatic fluids and urine samples that were collected from dogs with both prostatitis and cystitis. One hundred and sixty intact male dogs, who presented with both diseases, were recruited for the study. The disease diagnoses were based on clinical history notes, physical examinations, abdominal ultrasonography, prostatic fluid cytology, urinalysis and bacterial cultures from both prostatic fluid and urine samples. The bacterial culture results demonstrated that the major species that were detected in either the prostatic fluid or urine samples were Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp., Streptococcus spp., Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Staphylococcus spp. (26.5 %, 43/162) and Escherichia coli (26.1 %, 12/46) were the most prevalent species from the prostatic fluid and urine samples, respectively. Statistical tests revealed that there were no significantly different prevalence levels among the isolated bacteria between the prostatic fluid and urine samples. Imipenem and gentamicin were the most potent antimicrobial drugs tested against the bacterial isolates in the present study. However, the administration of imipenem to treat prostatitis and cystitis in dogs was of concern. Interestingly, there were no significant differences in the antimicrobial drug susceptibility trends between the prostatic fluid and urine samples. Based on these results, a urine sample might be considered as an optional sample for bacterial cultures and antimicrobial drug susceptibility testing when it is not possible to collect a prostatic fluid sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wallaya Phongphaew
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Mintraporn Kongtia
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University and Center for Theriogenology Unit at Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Kiyeon Kim
- Division of Bioinformatics, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Kaitkanoke Sirinarumitr
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University and Center for Theriogenology Unit at Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Theerapol Sirinarumitr
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
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14
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Werhahn Beining F, Schmicke M, Wilkens M, Wolf K, Rohn K, Günzel-Apel AR. An investigation on the relevance of prolactin, insulin-like growth factor-1 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 (25-OHD 3 ) in canine benign prostatic hyperplasia in a predisposed breed model. Vet Med Sci 2021; 7:1493-1503. [PMID: 34015193 PMCID: PMC8464227 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum concentrations of prolactin (PRL), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OHD3 ) were analysed to investigate their possible involvement in the pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). For this, dogs of the Rhodesian Ridgeback (RR) breed were used because of a verified breed disposition for the development of BPH. Labrador Retrievers (LR) served as controls. The prostate gland status was characterised by the prostate gland volume, clinical signs of BPH (haemospermia and sonographic findings) and the plasma concentration of canine prostate-specific arginine esterase (CPSE). Breed specificity in the RR was expressed by a correlation of PRL with breed (p < 0.05). Similar relationships existed in the dogs with normal CPSE (CPSEn) with respect to the IGF-1 concentrations (LR: p < 0.05). The latter were negatively correlated with prostatic volume and age (both p < 0.05). Concentrations of 25-OHD3 were tendentially (p = 0.18) lower in the RR with increased CPSE (CPSEi) compared with the CPSEn LR and RR showing clinical signs of BPH. A negative correlation between serum 25-OHD3 and age (p < 0.05) existed in the CPSEi RR. Proof of 25-OHD3 in prostatic secretion proved to be a breed specific feature in the RR (p < 0.0001). For all RR dogs showing clinical signs of BPH, a close to significant (p = 0.06) positive correlation with prostate gland volume was found. The results of the present study reveal no clear hints towards the significance of PRL and IGF-1 in the pathogenesis of canine BPH. In the RR breed there were indications of a causal relationship with age-dependent changes in the vitamin D metabolism. The data suggest the possibility of preventing or treating canine BPH by administering vitamin D or substances involved in the intraprostatic vitamin D metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Werhahn Beining
- Unit of Reproductive Medicine - Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marion Schmicke
- Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mirja Wilkens
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Karola Wolf
- Unit of Reproductive Medicine - Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Karl Rohn
- Institute for Biometry, Epidemiology and Information, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anne-Rose Günzel-Apel
- Unit of Reproductive Medicine - Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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15
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Ferré-Dolcet L, Sussan B. Acute colonic impaction and faecaloma due to canine benign prostatic hyperplasia - Case report. Acta Vet Hung 2021; 69:9-13. [PMID: 33844640 DOI: 10.1556/004.2021.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The present case report describes the clinical signs and case resolution of an intact 9-year-old male crossbreed dog with spontaneous constipation. The dog presented with abdominal pain, lack of appetite, tenesmus and without signs of defecation in the last 4 days. No important alterations were observed in the complete blood count and biochemistry. A substantial obstruction caused by a faecaloma and a prostate with increased size was observed on X-rays. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) was confirmed by ultrasonography (size: 48.29 cm3) and by testing the serum canine prostate-specific arginine esterase concentration (105.97 ng/mL). Colon impaction was resolved with rectal enemas within two days. BPH was treated with osaterone acetate. Ultrasonographic checks were performed after 60 and 180 days from the demission and a concrete constant reduction of prostatic volume and of the clinical signs was established. Faecaloma is an uncommon finding in male dogs, and it occurs especially as a consequence of BPH. Colon impaction in patients with BPH is usually subclinical, but it is important to underline how, in severe cases, perforation of the colon and faecal peritonitis can occur, leading to fatal conditions for the animal. In conclusion, prostatic enlargement should always be considered in male dogs suffering from colonic impaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluis Ferré-Dolcet
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Legnaro, 35020, Italy
| | - Beatrice Sussan
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Legnaro, 35020, Italy
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16
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Socha P, Janowski T, Zduńczyk S. [Development of a large intraprostatic cyst following the use of a GnRH agonist-implant in a male dog with benign prostatic hyperplasia]. TIERAERZTLICHE PRAXIS AUSGABE KLEINTIERE HEIMTIERE 2020; 48:443-446. [PMID: 33276394 DOI: 10.1055/a-1295-2748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A male dog with benign prostatic hyperplasia and several small intraprostatic cysts was treated with a GnRH-agonist implant containing 4,7 mg deslorelin (Suprelorin®). Within 2 weeks after the implantation, the prior urethral bleeding worsened. A large intraprostatic cyst was detected sonographically. The patient was subsequently treated with osaterone acetate (0.4 mg/kg p. o. once a day for 7 days) and enrofloxacin (5 mg/kg p. o. once a day for 21 days). The clinical symptoms receded within 10 days. Within one month, the cyst regressed completely. The mechanisms of cyst enlargement are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Socha
- Department für Reproduktion der Tiere, Ermländisch-Masurische Universität in Olsztyn
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17
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Rosa B. Equine Drug Transporters: A Mini-Review and Veterinary Perspective. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12111064. [PMID: 33171593 PMCID: PMC7695171 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Xenobiotic transport proteins play an important role in determining drug disposition and pharmacokinetics. Our understanding of the role of these important proteins in humans and pre-clinical animal species has increased substantially over the past few decades, and has had an important impact on human medicine; however, veterinary medicine has not benefitted from the same quantity of research into drug transporters in species of veterinary interest. Differences in transporter expression cause difficulties in extrapolation of drug pharmacokinetic parameters between species, and lack of knowledge of species-specific transporter distribution and function can lead to drug–drug interactions and adverse effects. Horses are one species in which little is known about drug transport and transporter protein expression. The purpose of this mini-review is to stimulate interest in equine drug transport proteins and comparative transporter physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brielle Rosa
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, TRW 2D01, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada
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18
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Niżański W, Ochota M, Fontaine C, Pasikowska J. Comparison of Clinical Effectiveness of Deslorelin Acetate and Osaterone Acetate in Dogs with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10101936. [PMID: 33096806 PMCID: PMC7593919 DOI: 10.3390/ani10101936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The article compares the treatment efficacy and adverse effects of two drugs used for benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) therapy in dogs: YpozaneTM (osaterone acetate) and SuprelorinTM (deslorelin acetate). YpozaneTM is a registered medication for this condition in dogs, whereas SuprelorinTM is registered for pharmacological castration in dogs. The clinical trial proved both drugs to be safe and effective in reducing BPH-related symptoms in dogs, and the noted adverse effects were only mild—mostly weight gain. With osaterone acetate the clinical improvement was noted sooner (from day 7 onwards) than with SuprelorinTM (from day 21 onwards), but it lasted shorter up to 24 weeks, while in the SuprelorinTM group, clinical effect remained stable until the end of the study (36 weeks). Both medications can be recommended for treatment of symptoms related to BPH in dogs, as none of the drugs had serious influence on the general health status and both provided substantial clinical improvement. Abstract This article presents the results of a randomized clinical trial, designed to compare the efficacy and therapeutic profiles of YpozaneTM (osaterone acetate—OA) or SuprelorinTM (deslorelin acetate—DA) in male dogs with clinical signs of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Forty-five intact male dogs were used in the study. The Group I (negative control) included 10 healthy dogs, the Group II (positive control) included 10 dogs with confirmed BPH and no treatment, whereas Group III and IV consisted of dogs with BPH and treated either with DA (15 dogs) or OA (10 dogs). The clinical response, testosterone and estradiol levels, hematology, biochemistry, and adverse effects incidence were evaluated. Both OA and DA proved to be effective for BPH treatment in dogs, as they allowed for the clinical remission in all treated dogs. The complete alleviation of BPH symptoms was noticed sooner with the use of OA (in 80% of dogs from day 7) compared to DA (in 40% of dogs within the first 21 days). The recurrence of clinical signs related to BPH was observed from week 24 in dogs treated with OA, whereas no relapse was noticed in dogs treated with DA at the end of the 36 weeks of the observation period. In 5 dogs (33%) treated with DA, a flare-up effect (increase in the clinical signs associated with BPH) was noticed on day 7. Despite individual differences in the clinical action, both medications were effective and safe options for the treatment of symptoms related to BPH in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Niżański
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 49, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Małgorzata Ochota
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 49, 50-366 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Christelle Fontaine
- Virbac Group, Global Marketing and Business Optimization Department, Companion Animals Veterinary Exclusive Ranges Section, 13ème rue LID, 06511 Carros, France;
| | - Joanna Pasikowska
- Veterinary Clinic, B. Krzywoustego Str. 105/22, 51-166 Wroclaw, Poland;
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19
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Angrimani DSR, Brito MM, Rui BR, Nichi M, Vannucchi CI. Reproductive and endocrinological effects of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and finasteride therapy in dogs. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14834. [PMID: 32908208 PMCID: PMC7481189 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71691-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most important reproductive disorders in aging dogs. Therapeutic measures include orchiectomy and pharmacological treatment, leading to reduction of prostate volume and clinical signs. One of the most common drugs used in BPH treatment is finasteride, but data regarding its possible side effects are scarce. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of BPH and short-term (2 months) finasteride therapy on clinical, endocrinological, and reproductive parameters in dogs. Dogs were allocated into four experimental groups: Non-affected (n = 5), BPH (n = 5), Non-Affected-Finasteride (n = 5) and BPH-Finasteride (n = 5) groups. Dogs were evaluated monthly during 2 months by a complete breeding soundness examination, B-mode ultrasound and Doppler ultrasonography of the testicular artery, hormonal profile (testosterone, estrogen and dihydrotestosterone) and oxidative profile of the prostatic fluid. After 2 months, dogs were gonadectomized and testicles were subjected to histologic analysis. Finasteride treatment reduced dihydrotestosterone concentrations, without negative influence on semen quality and also reverted testicular hemodynamics changes of BPH. On the other hand, BPH was accompanied by significant changes in testosterone and estrogen concentrations and semen quality, mainly related to sperm kinetics alterations. In conclusion, BPH dogs have important hormonal and sperm alterations, however, short-term finasteride treatment (2 months) was able to reduce overall effects of BPH, thus representing a method of therapy for BPH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S R Angrimani
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo, 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Maíra M Brito
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo, 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Bruno R Rui
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo, 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Marcílio Nichi
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo, 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Camila I Vannucchi
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo, 05508-270, Brazil.
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20
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Harrer J, Dorsch R. [Bacterial urinary tract infection and subclinical bacteriuria in the dog: a current review]. TIERAERZTLICHE PRAXIS AUSGABE KLEINTIERE HEIMTIERE 2020; 48:270-284. [PMID: 32823350 DOI: 10.1055/a-1220-1950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common clinical presentation in dogs and a frequent reason for the prescription of antimicrobial drugs. UTI refers to adherence, multiplication and persistence of an infectious agent within the urogenital system. This causes an associated inflammatory response as well as the pertaining clinical signs. Depending on the site of infection, UTI's may be classified as bacterial cystitis, prostatitis or pyelonephritis. In contrast, subclinical bacteriuria (SB) is defined as the presence of a significant number of bacteria in the urine of an individual not showing clinical signs referrable to UTI. UTI's typically occur as a consequence of ascending pathogen migration from the host's own fecal or distal urogenital microbial flora. The most commonly isolated pathogen in cases of UTI and SB is Escherichia coli. The diagnosis is based on clinical signs and the results of urine examination and culture. The recently revised guidelines of the International Society for Companion Animal Infectious Diseases provide detailed recommendations for diagnosis and management of different forms of bacterial UTI's in dogs. Adherence to treatment guidelines will improve treatment success and is imperative in avoiding further deterioration of the antimicrobial resistance situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Harrer
- Medizinische Kleintierklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
| | - Roswitha Dorsch
- Medizinische Kleintierklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
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21
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Tunikowska J, Prządka P, Kiełbowicz Z. Lasers in the surgical treatment of canine prostatic neoplasia and selected tumours of the male reproductive system. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55 Suppl 2:32-37. [PMID: 32011789 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Light-based technologies are applied in various fields of medicine: for example optical diagnostics, light-activated therapy and surgery. Although light-based surgical procedures had hardly been a novelty, the revolutionizing moment for surgery came with the first use of light to cut tissue. Nowadays, surgical lasers are routinely used across numerous medical specialties, including gynaecology and urology. They are a part of the surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate carcinoma, penis carcinoma, genital skin lesions and orchidectomy. While in human urology lasers continue to establish their position as one of the standard surgical tools, veterinary patients are rarely treated with what here is still considered a technical innovation. However, through research on laser treatment of the prostate hyperplasia conducted on a canine model, veterinary medicine has gained a massive portion of data. It may prove beneficial for our clinical patients. In this review, we introduce the very principles of laser surgery as well as its current and future applications in oncologic surgery of the canine prostate gland and the male reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Tunikowska
- Surgery Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Przemysław Prządka
- Surgery Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Zdzisław Kiełbowicz
- Surgery Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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22
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Golchin-Rad K, Mogheiseh A, Nazifi S, Ahrari Khafi MS, Derakhshandeh N, Abbaszadeh-Hasiri M. Changes in the Serum Prostatic Biomarkers During the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia with a 5alpha-reductase Inhibitor: Finasteride. Top Companion Anim Med 2020; 38:100405. [PMID: 32115076 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2020.100405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The monitoring of serum prostatic biomarkers during the treatment will help clinicians to know the statement of the response to finasteride in dogs affected by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The present study was aimed to assess changes in the serum canine prostate-specific esterase (CPSE), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and prostate volume evaluation using ultrasonographic examination during the treatment with finasteride in BPH-induced dogs. Twenty dogs were divided into 4 groups (n = 5): BPH + finasteride group, dogs which were induced for BPH and received oral finasteride once daily for 1 month; BPH group, dogs which were induced for BPH and received placebo; finasteride group, normal dogs which received finasteride; and normal group, normal intact dogs which did not receive treatment. Blood sampling and ultrasonography examination were performed on days 0, 14, and 28. The administration of finasteride led to a significant decrease in the concentration of the prostate-specific biomarkers (PSA, CPSE), DHT, testosterone, and the volume of the prostate in BPH + finasteride group compared with the BPH group during 1 month. Interestingly, the PAP concentration did not change in the BPH-induced dogs and in dogs treated with finasteride. It seems that the monitoring of serum PSA and CPSE levels and ultrasonographic examination of the prostate are useful methods for following up the response to finasteride treatment in dogs affected by BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Golchin-Rad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Asghar Mogheiseh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars, Iran.
| | - Saeed Nazifi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | | | - Nooshin Derakhshandeh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
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23
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Ibrahim M, Ahmad F, Yaqub B, Ramzan A, Imran A, Afzaal M, Mirza SA, Mazhar I, Younus M, Akram Q, Ali Taseer MS, Ahmad A, Ahmed S. Current trends of antimicrobials used in food animals and aquaculture. ANTIBIOTICS AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE GENES IN THE ENVIRONMENT 2020. [PMCID: PMC7153328 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818882-8.00004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Human population has been increasing rapidly, which ultimately increases human consumption, especially, animal protein requirements. Therefore, demands of animal protein consumption are increasing worldwide at an extraordinary rate. In order to meet the protein demand, intensive animal and aquaculture farming are considered. Like livestock farming (poultry, pigs, sheep, livestock, horses, rabbits, etc.), aquaculture farming (fish, crustaceans, mollusks, etc.) is also becoming the globe's emergent protein production sector. More than 580 aquaculture species are farmed worldwide. Current food animal and aquaculture farming are coupled with standard usage of antimicrobials. The antimicrobial drugs are major solutions for the management of contagious illnesses in food animals and aquaculture. In animal husbandry, antimicrobials are widely utilized for animal therapy, prophylaxis, or as growth promoters. Imprudent usage of these antimicrobials in food animals and aquaculture is a major contributing factor in the spread of antimicrobial resistance. The widespread use of veterinary medicines is considered to signify a frightening population health threat. It not only results in the disclosure and escalation of resistant microbes but also causes other individual, animal, and ecological deterioration. The contribution of resistant microbes from various sources seems to be the major base of resistance in the environment. However, strict policies and regulations for antimicrobial usage in food animals and aquaculture must be made and applied. It is important to prevent their negative effects in humans, food animals, aquaculture, and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Fiaz Ahmad
- Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Yaqub
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Ramzan
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Imran
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzaal
- Sustainable development study center GC University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Iqra Mazhar
- Sustainable development study center GC University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Younus
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Qaisar Akram
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Ali Ahmad
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Narowal, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sarfraz Ahmed
- Department of Basic Siences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, Narowal, Punjab, Pakistan
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24
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Dearakhshandeh N, Mogheiseh A, Nazifi S, Ahrari Khafi MS, Abbaszadeh Hasiri M, Golchin-Rad K. Treatment of experimentally induced benign prostatic hyperplasia with Tadalafil and castration in dogs. Theriogenology 2019; 142:236-245. [PMID: 31711694 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
New methods are being developed for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in dogs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Tadalafil on the treatment of experimentally induced BPH in dogs. Twenty-five adult intact male dogs were randomly divided into five groups (n = 5): normal group; dogs induced with BPH and treated with Tadalafil (5 mg/day p.o.); dogs which received Tadalafil (5 mg/day p.o.); dogs induced with BPH and treated with castration; and dogs induced with BPH. For 4 sequential weeks, the hematologic and prostate-specific factors (dihydrotestosterone (DHT), serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), serum prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), and canine prostatic specific esterase (CPSE)) were measured. Significant differences were observed in the level of PSA, CPSE, and PAP concentration between the normal vs. BPH-Tadalafil, BPH-castrated, and BPH groups. Treating BPH-induced dogs with Tadalafil or castration significantly declined the serum PSA, CPSE, and PAP levels compared to those of the untreated BPH-induced group. The treatment of normal dogs with Tadalafil did not affect prostate-specific biomarkers in comparison with normal dogs. In conclusion, and according to the prostatic indices, it could be stated that Tadalafil, compared with castration, could be used for the treatment of BPH in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nooshin Dearakhshandeh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Asghar Mogheiseh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars, Iran.
| | - Saeed Nazifi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | | | | | - Kamran Golchin-Rad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
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25
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Cunto M, Mariani E, Anicito Guido E, Ballotta G, Zambelli D. Clinical approach to prostatic diseases in the dog. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 54:815-822. [PMID: 30974484 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In small animal practice, prostatic diseases are increasingly encountered. All dogs may experience prostatic disease, but particular care should be addressed to breeding dogs, in which prostatic affection may lead to decrease in semen quality and fertility. The most common prostatic disease is the benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) followed by prostatitis, prostatic neoplasia and prostate squamous metaplasia. These diseases do not have pathognomonic symptoms, therefore, making a correct diagnosis may not be easy. An accurate clinical examination and a correct diagnostic protocol are essential in order to begin the most appropriate treatment, and also to do a good prophylaxis where it is possible. BPH therapy is usually recommended when mild-severe signs are present or if symptoms disturb the patient. New therapeutic approaches, both medical and surgical, allow to maintain fertility in most animals with prostatic disorders. Prostate cancer is relatively infrequent. Elective therapy is the surgical one, but it is considered palliative and can result in important post-operative complications. The aim of this paper is to lay down the most appropriate diagnostic process describing the aetiologies of prostatic disease, their symptoms, the right investigative tools and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cunto
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Elisa Mariani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Anicito Guido
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Giulia Ballotta
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Daniele Zambelli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
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26
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International Society for Companion Animal Infectious Diseases (ISCAID) guidelines for the diagnosis and management of bacterial urinary tract infections in dogs and cats. Vet J 2019; 247:8-25. [PMID: 30971357 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Urinary tract disease is a common clinical presentation in dogs and cats, and a common reason for antimicrobial prescription. This document is a revision and expansion on the 2011 Antimicrobial Use Guidelines for Treatment of Urinary Tract Disease in Dogs and Cats, providing recommendations for diagnosis and management of sporadic bacterial cystitis, recurrent bacterial cystitis, pyelonephritis, bacterial prostatitis, and subclinical bacteriuria. Issues pertaining to urinary catheters, medical dissolution of uroliths and prophylaxis for urological procedures are also addressed.
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27
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Rodak O, Dzimira S, Podolak A, Płóciennik M, Niżański W. Accuracy of ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of prostate diseases in dogs. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 53 Suppl 3:79-84. [PMID: 30474330 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Clinical signs of prostatic diseases in dogs are often non-specific. Appropriate treatment should be based on a detailed investigation using reliable diagnostic tools. The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography (US) and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology in dogs' prostate diseases. The mean accuracy of FNA cytology and US were 0.72 and 0.88 (n = 13), respectively. US gland size measurements and actual gland dimensions were highly concordant. Obtained results confirm the high diagnostic value of US and FNA biopsy and in prostatic diseases. Diagnosis based on US is highly reliable; however, it should be combined with clinical signs. Therefore, cytological evaluation of prostate gland material may be performed to differentiate or confirm presumptive diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Rodak
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Stanisław Dzimira
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Podolak
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Michał Płóciennik
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Niżański
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, Wroclaw, Poland
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28
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Abstract
The study is aiming to evaluate the treatment safety and efficacy of greenlight laser photovaporization of the prostate (PVP) combined with transurethral electrovaporization resection (TUVP) for elderly (≥ 70 years) men with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH/LUTS) with a large prostate volume (≥ 80 mL). One hundred twelve BPH/LUTS patients treated with PVP were divided into 2 groups according to prostate volume (PV), the outcomes of the 2 groups were assessed at 12 months after the operation. Patients in the PV ≥ 80 group (n = 51) had a higher level of maximum detrusor pressure (Pdet.max) than those in the PV < 80 group (n = 61) (97.14 ± 36.68 vs 70.70 ± 32.55, P < .001). Pdet.max level of the 2 groups was significantly decreased at the end of follow-up. International Prostate Symptom Score questionnaires (IPSS) score, maximum flow rate (Qmax), and residual urine volume (PVR) were significantly improved in comparison to the preoperative status (P < .001). PVP combined with TUVP can significantly improve outcomes (IPSS, Qmax, PVR) and is a safe and effective technique for elderly BPH/LUTS patients with a large prostate volume.
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29
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DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA IN A PIED TAMARIN (SAGUINUS BICOLOR). J Zoo Wildl Med 2016; 47:609-13. [DOI: 10.1638/2015-0215.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly J Olin
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
| | - Joseph W Bartges
- Cornell University Veterinary Specialists, 880 Canal Street, Stamford, CT 06902, USA
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