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Kharouba HM. Shifting the paradigm: The role of introduced plants in the resiliency of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17319. [PMID: 38804095 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Current ecological communities are in a constant state of flux from climate change and from species introductions. Recent discussion has focused on the positive roles introduced species can play in ecological communities and on the importance of conserving resilient ecosystems, but not how these two ideas intersect. There has been insufficient work to define the attributes needed to support ecosystem resilience to climate change in modern communities. Here, I argue that non-invasive, introduced plant species could play an important role in supporting the resilience of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change. Using examples from multiple taxonomic groups and ecosystems, I discuss how introduced plants can contribute to ecosystem resilience via their roles in plant and insect communities, as well as their associated ecosystem functions. I highlight the current and potential contributions of introduced plants and where there are critical knowledge gaps. Determining when and how introduced plants are contributing to the resilience of ecosystems to climate change will contribute to effective conservation strategies.
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DiManno N, Ostertag R, Uowolo A, Durham A, Blakemore K, Cordell S, Vitousek P. Functional trait-based restoration alters nutrient cycling and invasion rates in Hawaiian lowland wet forest. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 33:e2894. [PMID: 37282355 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Many degraded ecosystems have altered nutrient dynamics due to invaders' possessing a suite of traits that allow them to both outcompete native species and alter the environment. In ecosystems where invasive species have increased nutrient turnover rates, it can be difficult to reduce nutrient availability. This study examined whether a functional trait-based restoration approach involving the planting of species with conservative nutrient-use traits could slow rates of nutrient cycling and consequently reduce rates of invasion. We examined a functional trait restoration initiative in a heavily invaded lowland wet forest site in Hilo, Hawai'i. Native and introduced species were chosen to create four experimental hybrid forest communities, in comparison to the invaded forest, with a factorial design in which communities varied in rates of carbon turnover (slow or moderate [SLOW, MOD]), and in the relationship of species in trait space (redundant or complementary [RED, COMP]). After the first 5 years, we evaluated community-level outcomes related to nutrient cycling: carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) via litterfall, litter decomposition, and outplant productivity and rates of invasion. We found that (1) regardless of treatment, the experimental communities had low rates of nutrient cycling through litterfall relative to the invaded reference forest, (2) the MOD communities had greater nutrient release via litterfall than the SLOW communities, (3) introduced species had greater nutrient release than native species in the two MOD experimental communities, and (4) within treatments, there was a positive relationship between nutrient levels and outplant basal area, but outplant basal area was negatively associated with rates of invasion. The negative relationships among basal area and weed invasion, particularly for the two COMP treatments, suggest species existing in different parts of trait space may help confer some degree of invasion resistance. The diversification of trait space was facilitated by the use of introduced species, a new concept in Hawaiian forest management. Although challenges remain in endeavors to restore this heavily degraded ecosystem, this study provides evidence that functional trait-based restoration approaches using carefully crafted hybrid communities can reduce rates of nutrient cycling and invasion in order to reach management goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole DiManno
- Department of Biology, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii, USA
| | - Rebecca Ostertag
- Department of Biology, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii, USA
| | - Amanda Uowolo
- Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Hilo, Hawaii, USA
| | - Amy Durham
- Department of Biology, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii, USA
| | - Kaikea Blakemore
- Department of Biology, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii, USA
| | - Susan Cordell
- Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Hilo, Hawaii, USA
| | - Peter Vitousek
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Ssekuubwa E, van Goor W, Snoep M, Riemer K, Wanyama F, Waiswa D, Yikii F, Tweheyo M. Tree functional composition, functional diversity, and aboveground biomass show dissimilar trajectories in a tropical secondary forest restored through assisted natural regeneration. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9870. [PMID: 36919016 PMCID: PMC10008352 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing trend of agricultural abandonment requires an understanding of the development of secondary forests on old fields in the context of restoration. However, few studies examine the regeneration trajectories of functional composition and functional diversity in afrotropical secondary forests. We tested how functional composition, diversity, and aboveground biomass (AGB) change with age and determined restoration success for a secondary forest restored through assisted natural regeneration in Uganda. We assessed the influence of distance to forests on regeneration. We sampled trees in 63 plots (2000 m2 each) in the secondary forest (16-22-year old) and five plots in an old-growth forest in 2011, 2014 and 2017. We computed functional composition (community-weighted means-CWM) and diversity using categorical (habitat type, dispersal mode, fruit size, and successional group) and continuous traits (wood density and maximum height) of the species and calculated AGB. The secondary forest showed dissimilar trajectories of functional composition, diversity, and AGB. After 16-22 years, the secondary forest had not yet reached equivalent values of most attributes of functional composition, diversity and AGB in the old-growth forest. The distance to forests had a negative effect on CWM of forest-dependent species, nonpioneer light demanders, and functional divergence and a positive effect on CWM of pioneer species. We show that assisted natural regeneration can enhance the functional composition, functional diversity, and AGB of degraded forests and that continued monitoring is needed to attain full recovery. In planning passive restoration, sites closer to existing forests should be prioritized in order to achieve faster recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enock Ssekuubwa
- Department of Forestry, Biodiversity and Tourism Makerere University Kampala Uganda
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Waiswa
- Department of Geography, Geo-informatics and Climatic Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda
| | - Fred Yikii
- Department of Environmental Management Makerere University Kampala Uganda
| | - Mnason Tweheyo
- Department of Forestry, Biodiversity and Tourism Makerere University Kampala Uganda
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Ellsworth E, Li Y, Chari LD, Kron A, Moyo S. Tangled in a Web: Management Type and Vegetation Shape the Occurrence of Web-Building Spiders in Protected Areas. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13121129. [PMID: 36555039 PMCID: PMC9784479 DOI: 10.3390/insects13121129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Land management of parks and vegetation complexity can affect arthropod diversity and subsequently alter trophic interactions between predators and their prey. In this study, we examined spiders in five parks with varying management histories and intensities to determine whether certain spider species were associated with particular plants. We also determined whether web architecture influenced spider occurrence. Our results showed that humpbacked orb-weavers (Eustala anastera) were associated with an invasive plant, Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense). This study revealed how invasive plants can potentially influence certain spider communities, as evidenced by this native spider species only occurring on invasive plants. Knowing more about spider populations-including species makeup and plants they populate-will give insights into how spider populations are dealing with various ecosystem changes. While we did not assess the effect of invasive plants on the behavior of spiders, it is possible that invasive species may not always be harmful to ecosystems; in the case of spiders, invasive plants may serve as a useful environment to live in. More studies are needed to ascertain whether invasive plants can have adverse effects on spider ecology in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- El Ellsworth
- Department of Biology and Program in Environmental Studies and Sciences, Rhodes College, Memphis, TN 38112, USA
| | - Yihan Li
- Department of Biology and Program in Environmental Studies and Sciences, Rhodes College, Memphis, TN 38112, USA
| | - Lenin D. Chari
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Aidan Kron
- Department of Biology and Program in Environmental Studies and Sciences, Rhodes College, Memphis, TN 38112, USA
| | - Sydney Moyo
- Department of Biology and Program in Environmental Studies and Sciences, Rhodes College, Memphis, TN 38112, USA
- Correspondence:
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5
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Shifting Limitations to Restoration across Dryland Ecosystems in Hawaiʻi. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14095421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Hawaiian dryland ecosystems are important for global biodiversity conservation and contain numerous species threatened with extinction. Over the past century, wildfire frequency and size have increased dramatically because of invasion by fire-promoting non-native invasive species, greatly threatening these ecosystems. Native species restoration is a tool that can disrupt the cycle of increased fire and invasion in lowland dry forest communities, but restoration prescriptions have not been studied systematically in other dryland plant communities. We examined the restoration of three Hawaiian dryland plant communities (a high-productivity Diospyros sandwicensis and Metrosideros polymorpha lowland dry forest (HP), a moderate-productivity Myoporum sandwicense and Sophora chrysophylla dry forest/woodland (MP), and a low-productivity Dodonaea viscosa shrubland (LP)), using a community-assembly framework to understand the abiotic and biotic constraints to species establishment and growth in each community. Because active restoration methods are often needed, at both high and low levels of productivity, we also examined restoration treatments and outcomes across the three sites, which spanned a gradient of rainfall and substrate age. At each site, we used the same factorial field experiment with three factors: habitat quality (high or low), weed control (yes or no), and species addition (none, seeding, or outplanting). Outplants (cohort 1) and seeds were added in the winter of 2009–2010, and outplants were added again in March 2011 (cohort 2). Dispersal limitation was apparent at the LP and HP sites, but was not observed in the MP site, which had, overall, greater native diversity and abundance. Outplant survival was greater in high-quality habitats at the HP site, likely due to reduced abiotic stress. Invasive species were found in greater abundance in certain types of microsites at the LP and MP sites, suggesting that shade or topography can be used to plan restoration and weed-control activities. Overall, active restoration methods improved restoration outcomes at the high- and low-productivity sites, and less so at the moderately productive site. Weed removal and outplanting were effective restoration prescriptions at the LP and HP sites, and habitat quality could also be used to increase survival at the HP site. Active restoration could be a lower priority for moderately invaded, moderate-productivity communities, which have the capability to maintain a native ecosystem state.
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Machado R, Neto Duarte L, Gil A, Sousa‐Neves N, Pirnat J, Santos P. Supporting the spatial management of invasive alien plants through assessment of landscape dynamics and connectivity. Restor Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Machado
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Instituto de Investigacão e Formação Avançada Universidade de Évora Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94 Évora 7006‐554 Portugal
| | - Liliana Neto Duarte
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences University of Coimbra Calçada Martim de Freitas Coimbra 3000‐456 Portugal
| | - Artur Gil
- IVAR—Research Institute for Volcanology and Risks Assessment University of the Azores Ponta Delgada 9500‐321 Portugal
- cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & ABG—Azorean Biodiversity Group, Faculty of Sciences and Technology University of the Azores Ponta Delgada 9500‐321 Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa‐Neves
- Departamento de Paisagem, Ambiente e Ordenamento, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada, Universidade de Évora Rua Romão Ramalho, No. 59 Évora 7000‐671 Portugal
- e‐GEO—Research Centre for Geography and Regional Planning, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas Universidade Nova de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal
| | - Janez Pirnat
- Department for Forestry and Renewable Forest Resources University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty Večna Pot 83 Ljubljana 1000 Slovenia
| | - Pedro Santos
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development and Departamento de Paisagem, Ambiente e Ordenamento, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada Universidade de Évora Rua Romão Ramalho, No. 59 Évora 7000‐671 Portugal
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Cordell S, Bardwell-Jones C, Ostertag R, Uowolo A, DiManno N. Species Home-Making in Ecosystems: Toward Place-Based Ecological Metrics of Belonging. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.726571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Globalization has undeniably impacted the Earth’s ecosystems, but it has also influenced how we think about natural systems. Three fourths of the world’s forests are now altered by human activity, which challenges our concepts of native ecosystems. The dichotomies of pristine vs. disturbed as well as our view of native and non-native species, have blurred; allowing us to acknowledge new paradigms about how humans and nature interact. We now understand that the use of militaristic language to define the perceived role of a plant species is holding us back from the fact that novel systems (new combinations of all species) can often provide valuable ecosystem services (i.e., water, carbon, nutrients, cultural, and recreation) for creatures (including humans). In reality, ecosystems exist in a gradient from native to intensely managed – and “non-nativeness” is not always a sign of a species having negative effects. In fact, there are many contemporary examples of non-native species providing critical habitat for endangered species or preventing erosion in human-disturbed watersheds. For example, of the 8,000–10,000 non-native species introduced to Hawai‘i, less than 10% of these are self-sustaining and 90 of those pose a danger to native biota and are considered invasive. In this paper, we explore the native/non-native binary, the impacts of globalization and the political language of invasion through the lens of conservation biology and sociology with a tropical island perspective. This lens gives us the opportunity to offer a place-based approach toward the use of empirical observation of novel species interactions that may help in evaluating management strategies that support biodiversity and ecosystem services. Finally, we offer a first attempt at conceptualizing a site-specific approach to develop “metrics of belonging” within an ecosystem.
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Lamb N, Havens K, Holloway J, Steffen JF, Zeldin J, Kramer AT. Low passive restoration potential following invasive woody species removal in oak woodlands. Restor Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Lamb
- Chicago Botanic Garden Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action Glencoe IL 60022 U.S.A
- Program in Plant Biology and Conservation Northwestern University 2205 Tech Drive Evanston IL 60208 U.S.A
| | - Kayri Havens
- Chicago Botanic Garden Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action Glencoe IL 60022 U.S.A
- Program in Plant Biology and Conservation Northwestern University 2205 Tech Drive Evanston IL 60208 U.S.A
| | - Jalen Holloway
- Chicago Botanic Garden Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action Glencoe IL 60022 U.S.A
| | - James F. Steffen
- Chicago Botanic Garden Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action Glencoe IL 60022 U.S.A
| | - Jacob Zeldin
- Chicago Botanic Garden Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action Glencoe IL 60022 U.S.A
| | - Andrea T. Kramer
- Chicago Botanic Garden Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action Glencoe IL 60022 U.S.A
- Program in Plant Biology and Conservation Northwestern University 2205 Tech Drive Evanston IL 60208 U.S.A
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Ostertag R, Sebastián-González E, Peck R, Hall T, Kim J, DiManno N, Rayome D, Cordell S, Banko P, Uowolo A. Linking plant and animal functional diversity with an experimental community restoration in a Hawaiian lowland wet forest. FOOD WEBS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2020.e00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Bierzychudek P. Passive recovery of an urban forest in the Pacific Northwest after removal of invasive plants. Urban Ecosyst 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-020-00966-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Hallett LM, Hobbs RJ. Thinking systemically about ecological interventions: what do system archetypes teach us? Restor Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. Hallett
- Environmental Studies Program and Department of Biology University of Oregon Eugene OR 97403 U.S.A
| | - Richard J. Hobbs
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Western Australia Crawley WA 6009 Australia
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12
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Hastings Z, Ticktin T, Botelho M, Reppun N, Kukea‐Shultz K, Wong M, Melone A, Bremer L. Integrating co‐production and functional trait approaches for inclusive and scalable restoration solutions. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Hastings
- Department of BotanyUniversity of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Honolulu Hawaiʻi USA
| | - Tamara Ticktin
- Department of BotanyUniversity of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Honolulu Hawaiʻi USA
| | | | | | - Kanekoa Kukea‐Shultz
- Kākoʻo ʻŌiwi Kāneʻohe Hawaiʻi USA
- The Nature Conservancy of Hawaiʻi Honolulu Hawaiʻi USA
| | - Maile Wong
- Department of BotanyUniversity of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Honolulu Hawaiʻi USA
- University of Hawaiʻi Economic Research OrganizationUniversity of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Honolulu Hawaiʻi USA
| | - Angelica Melone
- University of Hawaiʻi Economic Research OrganizationUniversity of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Honolulu Hawaiʻi USA
- Department of Natural Resource and Environmental ManagementUniversity of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Honolulu Hawaiʻi USA
- Heʻeia National Estuarine Research Reserve Kāneʻohe Hawaiʻi USA
| | - Leah Bremer
- University of Hawaiʻi Economic Research OrganizationUniversity of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Honolulu Hawaiʻi USA
- Water Resources Research CenterUniversity of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Honolulu Hawaiʻi USA
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13
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Tielke A, Karreman J, Vos M. Mild cycles open closed communities to ecological restoration. Restor Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ann‐Kathrin Tielke
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology Theoretical and Applied Biodiversity Research Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Germany
| | - Japke Karreman
- Institute of Environmental Sciences Leiden University PO Box 9518 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Vos
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology Theoretical and Applied Biodiversity Research Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Germany
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14
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Buma B, Schultz C. Disturbances as opportunities: Learning from disturbance‐response parallels in social and ecological systems to better adapt to climate change. J Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Buma
- Department of Integrative Biology University of Colorado Denver Denver CO USA
| | - Courtney Schultz
- Department of Forest and Rangeland Stewardship Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA
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15
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Hart PJ, Ibanez T, Uehana S, Pang‐Ching J. Forest regeneration following ungulate removal in a montane Hawaiian wet forest. Restor Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. Hart
- Department of Biology University of Hawaii at Hilo 200 West Kāwili Street Hilo HI 96720 U.S.A
| | - Thomas Ibanez
- Department of Biology University of Hawaii at Hilo 200 West Kāwili Street Hilo HI 96720 U.S.A
| | - Shea Uehana
- Department of Biology University of Hawaii at Hilo 200 West Kāwili Street Hilo HI 96720 U.S.A
| | - Joshua Pang‐Ching
- Department of Biology University of Hawaii at Hilo 200 West Kāwili Street Hilo HI 96720 U.S.A
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Pejchar L, Lepczyk CA, Fantle-Lepczyk JE, Hess SC, Johnson MT, Leopold CR, Marchetti M, McClure KM, Shiels AB. Hawaii as a Microcosm: Advancing the Science and Practice of Managing Introduced and Invasive Species. Bioscience 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biz154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Invasive species are a leading driver of global change, with consequences for biodiversity and society. Because of extraordinary rates of endemism, introduction, and extinction, Hawaii offers a rich platform for exploring the cross-disciplinary challenges of managing invasive species in a dynamic world. We highlight key successes and shortcomings to share lessons learned and inspire innovation and action in and beyond the archipelago. We then discuss thematic challenges and opportunities of broad relevance to invaded ecosystems and human communities. Important research needs and possible actions include eradicating mammals from mainland island sanctuaries, assessing hidden threats from poorly known introduced species, harnessing genomic tools to eradicate disease vectors, structured decision-making to achieve common objectives among diverse stakeholders, and enhancing capacity through nontraditional funding streams and progressive legislation. By shining a spotlight on invasive species at the front lines in Hawaii, we hope to catalyze strategic research and practice to help inform scientists and policymakers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Steven C Hess
- US Geological Survey Pacific Islands Ecosystems Research Station, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii
| | - M Tracy Johnson
- US Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii
| | | | | | - Katherine M McClure
- University of California Santa Cruz when this project began and is now a postdoctoral fellow at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York
| | - Aaron B Shiels
- USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado
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17
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Gardiner R, Shoo LP, Dwyer JM. Look to seedling heights, rather than functional traits, to explain survival during extreme heat stress in the early stages of subtropical rainforest restoration. J Appl Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Gardiner
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Luke P. Shoo
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - John M. Dwyer
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia
- CSIRO Land and Water Brisbane QLD Australia
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18
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Shackelford N, Murray SM, Bennett JR, Lilley PL, Starzomski BM, Standish RJ. Ten years of pulling: Ecosystem recovery after long‐term weed management in Garry oak savanna. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Shackelford
- School of Environmental StudiesUniversity of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada
- Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado
| | - Sean M. Murray
- School of Environmental StudiesUniversity of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada
| | | | | | - Brian M. Starzomski
- School of Environmental StudiesUniversity of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada
- Hakai Institute Heriot Bay British Columbia Canada
| | - Rachel J. Standish
- School of Veterinary and Life SciencesMurdoch University Murdoch Western Australia Australia
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19
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Drescher M, Epstein GB, Warriner GK, Rooney RC. An investigation of the effects of conservation incentive programs on management of invasive species by private landowners. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Drescher
- School of PlanningUniversity of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada
- Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis, Indiana University Bloomington Bloomington Indiana
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20
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Chazdon RL. Towards more effective integration of tropical forest restoration and conservation. Biotropica 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin L. Chazdon
- Tropical Forests and People Research Centre University of the Sunshine Coast Sippy Downs Queensland Australia
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Connecticut Storrs Connecticut
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21
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Gastauer M, Souza Filho PWM, Ramos SJ, Caldeira CF, Silva JR, Siqueira JO, Furtini Neto AE. Mine land rehabilitation in Brazil: Goals and techniques in the context of legal requirements. AMBIO 2019; 48:74-88. [PMID: 29644620 PMCID: PMC6297110 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-018-1053-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental legislation in many countries demands the rehabilitation of degraded areas to minimize environmental impacts. Brazilian laws require the restitution of self-sustaining ecosystems to historical conditions but ignore the emergence of novel ecosystems due to large-scale changes, such as species invasions, extinctions, and land-use or climate changes, although these novel ecosystems might fulfill ecosystem services in similar ways as historic ecosystems. Thorough discussions of rehabilitation goals, target ecosystems, applied methods, and approaches to achieving mine land rehabilitation, as well as dialogues about the advantages and risks of chemical inputs or non-native, non-invasive species that include all political, economic, social, and academic stakeholders are necessary to achieve biological feasibility, sociocultural acceptance, economic viability, and institutional tractability during environmental rehabilitation. Scientific knowledge of natural and rehabilitating ecosystems is indispensable for advancing these discussions and achieving more sustainable mining. Both mining companies and public institutions are responsible for obtaining this knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Gastauer
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Nazaré, Belém, CEP 66055-090 Brazil
| | - Pedro Walfir Martins Souza Filho
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Nazaré, Belém, CEP 66055-090 Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Geosciences Institute, Av. Augusto Correa 1, Belém, CEP 66075-110 Brazil
| | - Silvio Junio Ramos
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Nazaré, Belém, CEP 66055-090 Brazil
| | - Cecílio Frois Caldeira
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Nazaré, Belém, CEP 66055-090 Brazil
| | - Joyce Reis Silva
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Nazaré, Belém, CEP 66055-090 Brazil
| | - José Oswaldo Siqueira
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Nazaré, Belém, CEP 66055-090 Brazil
| | - Antonio Eduardo Furtini Neto
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva, 955, Nazaré, Belém, CEP 66055-090 Brazil
- Present Address: Agro Up Consultoria Agropecuária Ltda, R Lazaro Azevedo Melo, 457, Anisio Alves De Abreu, Lavras, MG CEP 37200-000 Brazil
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22
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Abella SR, Chiquoine LP. The good with the bad: when ecological restoration facilitates native and non-native species. Restor Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott R. Abella
- School of Life Sciences; University of Nevada Las Vegas; Las Vegas NV 89154-4004 U.S.A
| | - Lindsay P. Chiquoine
- School of Life Sciences; University of Nevada Las Vegas; Las Vegas NV 89154-4004 U.S.A
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23
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D'Antonio CM, Ostertag R, Cordell S, Yelenik S. Interactions Among Invasive Plants: Lessons from Hawai‘i. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY, EVOLUTION, AND SYSTEMATICS 2017. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110316-022620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Most ecosystems have multiple-plant invaders rather than single-plant invaders, yet ecological studies and management actions focus largely on single invader species. There is a need for general principles regarding invader interactions across varying environmental conditions, so that secondary invasions can be anticipated and managers can allocate resources toward pretreatment or postremoval actions. By reviewing removal experiments conducted in three Hawaiian ecosystems (a dry tropical forest, a seasonally dry mesic forest, and a lowland wet forest), we evaluate the roles environmental harshness, priority effects, productivity potential, and species interactions have in influencing secondary invasions, defined here as invasions that are influenced either positively (facilitation) or negatively (inhibition/priority effects) by existing invaders. We generate a conceptual model with a surprise index to describe whether long-term plant invader composition and dominance is predictable or stochastic after a system perturbation such as a removal experiment. Under extremely low resource availability, the surprise index is low, whereas under intermediate-level resource environments, invader dominance is more stochastic and the surprise index is high. At high resource levels, the surprise index is intermediate: Invaders are likely abundant in the environment but their response to a perturbation is more predictable than at intermediate resource levels. We suggest further testing across environmental gradients to determine key variables that dictate the predictability of postremoval invader composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla M. D'Antonio
- Environmental Studies Program and Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
| | - Rebecca Ostertag
- Department of Biology, University of Hawai‘i, Hilo, Hawai‘i 96720
| | - Susan Cordell
- Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Hilo, Hawai‘i 96720
| | - Stephanie Yelenik
- USGS Pacific Islands Ecosystem Research Center, Volcano, Hawai‘i 96718
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24
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Carvalho JM, Ramos SJ, Furtini Neto AE, Gastauer M, Caldeira CF, Siqueira JO, Silva MLS. Influence of nutrient management on growth and nutrient use efficiency of two plant species for mineland revegetation. Restor Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- João M. Carvalho
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo; Universidade Federal de Lavras; Lavras Minas Gerais 37200-000 Brazil
| | - Silvio J. Ramos
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale; Rua Boaventura da Silva; 955 Belém, Pará 66055-090 Brazil
- Departamento de Botânica Aplicada; Universidade Federal de Lavras; Lavras Minas Gerais 37200-000 Brazil
| | | | - Markus Gastauer
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale; Rua Boaventura da Silva; 955 Belém, Pará 66055-090 Brazil
| | - Cecilio F. Caldeira
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale; Rua Boaventura da Silva; 955 Belém, Pará 66055-090 Brazil
| | - José O. Siqueira
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo; Universidade Federal de Lavras; Lavras Minas Gerais 37200-000 Brazil
- Instituto Tecnológico Vale; Rua Boaventura da Silva; 955 Belém, Pará 66055-090 Brazil
| | - Maria L. S. Silva
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo; Universidade Federal de Lavras; Lavras Minas Gerais 37200-000 Brazil
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25
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Wardle DA, Peltzer DA. Impacts of invasive biota in forest ecosystems in an aboveground–belowground context. Biol Invasions 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-017-1372-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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26
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Chazdon RL, Guariguata MR. Natural regeneration as a tool for large‐scale forest restoration in the tropics: prospects and challenges. Biotropica 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin L. Chazdon
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Connecticut 75 N. Eagleville Road, Unit 3043, 06269‐3043 Storrs CT USA
- International Institute for Sustainability Estrada Dona Castorina 124 Horto, 22460‐320 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Manuel R. Guariguata
- Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) Av. La Molina 1895 La Molina Lima Perú
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