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Yang X, Zhang X, Zhang P, Bidegain G, Dong J, Hu C, Li M, Zhang Z, Guo H. Ensemble habitat suitability modeling for predicting optimal sites for eelgrass (Zostera marina) in the tidal lagoon ecosystem: Implications for restoration and conservation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 330:117108. [PMID: 36584472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Seagrass systems are in decline, mainly due to anthropogenic pressures and ongoing climate change. Implementing seagrass protection and restoration measures requires accurate assessment of suitable habitats. Commonly, such assessments have been performed using single-algorithm habitat suitability models, nearly always based on low environmental resolution information and short-term species data series. Here we address eelgrass (Zoostera marina) meadows' large-scale decline (>80%) in Shandong province (Yellow Sea, China) by developing an ensemble habitat model (EHM) to inform eelgrass conservation and restoration strategies in the Swan Lake (SL). For this, we applied a weighted EHM derived from ten single-algorithm models including profile, regression, classification, and machine learning methods to generate a high-resolution habitat suitability map. The EHM was constructed based on the predictive performances of each model, by combining a series of present-absent eelgrass datasets from recent years coupled with oceanographic and sediment data. The model was cross-validated with independent historical datasets, and a final habitat suitability map for conservation and restoration was generated. Our EHM scheme outperformed all single models in terms of habitat suitability, scoring ∼0.95 for both true statistic skill (TSS) and area under the curve (AUC) performance criteria. Machine learning methods outperformed profile, regression and classification methods. Regarding model explanatory variables, overall, topographic characteristics such as depth (DEP) and seafloor slope (SSL) are the most significant factors determining the distribution of eelgrass. The EHM predicted that the overlapping area was almost 90% of the current eelgrass habitat. Using results from our EHM, a LOESS regression model for the relationship of the habitat suitability to both the biomass and density of Z. marina outperformed better than the classic Ordinary Least Squares regression model. The EHM is a promising tool for supporting eelgrass protection and restoration areas in temperate lagoons as data availability improves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Yang
- Fishery College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiumei Zhang
- Fishery College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China.
| | - Peidong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Gorka Bidegain
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Engineering School of Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Ingeniero Torres Quevedo s/n, 48013, Bilbao, Spain; Research Center for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Plentzia Marine Station, University of the Basque Country (PiE-UPV/EHU), Areatza Pasealekua, 48620, Plentzia, Spain
| | - Jianyu Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Chengye Hu
- Fishery College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
| | - Min Li
- The Institute for Advanced Study of Coastal Ecology, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Zhixin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Hao Guo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, 116023, China
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Benjamin ED, Handley SJ, Jeffs A, Olsen L, Toone TA, Hillman JR. Testing habitat suitability for shellfish restoration with small‐scale pilot experiments. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emilee D. Benjamin
- Institute of Marine Science The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Nelson New Zealand
| | - Sean J. Handley
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Nelson New Zealand
| | - Andrew Jeffs
- Institute of Marine Science The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Louis Olsen
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Nelson New Zealand
| | - Trevyn A. Toone
- Institute of Marine Science The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Nelson New Zealand
| | - Jenny R. Hillman
- Institute of Marine Science The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
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Cardini U, Marín-Guirao L, Montilla LM, Marzocchi U, Chiavarini S, Rimauro J, Quero GM, Petersen JM, Procaccini G. Nested interactions between chemosynthetic lucinid bivalves and seagrass promote ecosystem functioning in contaminated sediments. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:918675. [PMID: 35937361 PMCID: PMC9355091 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.918675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In seagrass sediments, lucinid bivalves and their chemoautotrophic bacterial symbionts consume H2S, relying indirectly on the plant productivity for the presence of the reduced chemical. Additionally, the role of lucinid bivalves in N provisioning to the plant (through N2 fixation by the symbionts) was hypothesized. Thus, lucinids may contribute to sediment detoxification and plant fitness. Seagrasses are subject to ever-increasing human pressure in coastal environments. Here, disentangling nested interactions between chemosynthetic lucinid bivalves and seagrass exposed to pollution may help to understand seagrass ecosystem dynamics and to develop successful seagrass restoration programs that consider the roles of animal-microbe symbioses. We evaluated the capacity of lucinid bivalves (Loripes orbiculatus) to promote nutrient cycling and seagrass (Cymodocea nodosa) growth during a 6-week mesocosm experiment. A fully crossed design was used to test for the effect of sediment contamination (metals, nutrients, and hydrocarbons) on plant and bivalve (alone or interacting) fitness, assessed by mortality, growth, and photosynthetic efficiency, and for the effect of their nested interaction on sediment biogeochemistry. Plants performed better in the contaminated sediment, where a larger pool of dissolved nitrogen combined with the presence of other trace elements allowed for an improved photosynthetic efficiency. In fact, pore water nitrogen accumulated during the experiment in the controls, while it was consumed in the contaminated sediment. This trend was accentuated when lucinids were present. Concurrently, the interaction between clams and plants benefitted both organisms and promoted plant growth irrespective of the sediment type. In particular, the interaction with lucinid clams resulted in higher aboveground biomass of C. nodosa in terms of leaf growth, leaf surface, and leaf biomass. Our results consolidate the notion that nested interactions involving animal-microbe associations promote ecosystem functioning, and potentially help designing unconventional seagrass restoration strategies that exploit chemosynthetic symbioses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulisse Cardini
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn - National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Naples, Italy
| | - Lazaro Marín-Guirao
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn - National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Naples, Italy
- Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografia (IEO-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
| | - Luis M. Montilla
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn - National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Naples, Italy
| | - Ugo Marzocchi
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn - National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Naples, Italy
- Department of Biology, Center for Water Technology (WATEC), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Salvatore Chiavarini
- Division Protection and Enhancement of the Natural Capital - Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Rome, Italy
| | - Juri Rimauro
- Division Protection and Enhancement of the Natural Capital - Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Rome, Italy
| | - Grazia Marina Quero
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn - National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Naples, Italy
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology, National Research Council (IRBIM-CNR), Ancona, Italy
| | - Jillian M. Petersen
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriele Procaccini
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn - National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Naples, Italy
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