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Wawrzyniak R, Grešner P, Lewicka E, Macioszek S, Furga A, Zieba B, J. Markuszewski M, Da̧browska-Kugacka A. Metabolomics Meets Clinics: A Multivariate Analysis of Plasma and Urine Metabolic Signatures in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:2795-2804. [PMID: 37827514 PMCID: PMC11302416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe, multifactorial, and frequently misdiagnosed disorder. The aim of this observational study was to compare the plasma and urine metabolomic profiles of PAH patients and healthy control subjects. Plasma and urine metabolomic profiles were analyzed using the GC-MS technique. Correlations between metabolite levels and clinical parameters among PAH patients, as well as the between-group differences, were evaluated. The linear discriminant analysis model, which allows for subject classification in terms of PAH with the highest possible precision, was developed and proposed. Plasma pyruvic acid, cholesterol, threonine, urine 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoic acid, butyric acid, 1,2-benzenediol, glucoheptonic acid, and 2-oxo-glutaric acid were found to build a relatively accurate classification model for PAH patients. The model reached an accuracy of 91% and significantly improved subject classification (OR = 119 [95% CI: 20.3-698.3], p < 0.0001). Five metabolites were detected in urine that provide easily available and noninvasive tests as compared to right heart catheterization. The selected panel of metabolites has potential for early recognition of patients with dyspnea and faster referral to a reference center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Wawrzyniak
- Department
of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Peter Grešner
- Laboratory
of Translational Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University
of Gdańsk, Dȩbinki
1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Lewicka
- Department
of Cardiology and Electrotherapy, Medical
University of Gdansk, Debinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Szymon Macioszek
- Department
of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Artur Furga
- Department
of General, Endocrine and Transplant Surgery, Invasive Medicine Center, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Bożena Zieba
- First
Department of Cardiology, Medical University
of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego
17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michał J. Markuszewski
- Department
of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Alicja Da̧browska-Kugacka
- Department
of Cardiology and Electrotherapy, Medical
University of Gdansk, Debinki 7, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
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Liao Y, Peng X, Yang Y, Zhou G, Chen L, Yang Y, Li H, Chen X, Guo S, Zuo Q, Zou J. Exploring ABHD5 as a Lipid-Related Biomarker in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Integrating Machine Learning, Bioinformatics, and In Vitro Experiments. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02107-1. [PMID: 39046603 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies increasingly suggest a connection between lipids and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This study was aimed at exploring potential lipid-related biomarkers for IPF and uncovering the mechanisms underlying pulmonary fibrosis. IPF-related datasets were retrieved from the GEO database, and the ComBat algorithm was used to merge multiple datasets and eliminate batch effects. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was utilized to identify modules and genes associated with IPF. Potential hub genes were determined by intersecting these genes with lipid-related genes from the GeneCards database. A machine learning-based integrative approach was developed to construct diagnostic and prognostic signatures, which were validated across several datasets. Additionally, single-cell sequencing data was used to validate the expression differences of core IPF-related genes across various cell types. The effect of ABHD5 on fibroblasts was assessed using the cell counting kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, and cell scratch assays. The expression levels of fibrotic factors were measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. WGCNA identified a red module potentially related to IPF, and the intersection with lipid-related genes yielded 51 hub genes. These genes were used to build diagnostic and prognostic models that demonstrated robust validation capabilities across multiple datasets. Single-cell sequencing analysis revealed low expression of ABHD5 in the lung tissues of IPF patients, with a higher proportion of fibroblasts exhibiting low ABHD5 expression. Cell experiments showed that under the influence of TGF-β1, knockdown of ABHD5 slightly promoted fibroblast proliferation. Additionally, fibroblasts with low ABHD5 expression exhibited enhanced migratory capabilities and secreted more fibrotic factors. Lipid-related diagnostic and prognostic models for IPF were developed, and ABHD5 may serve as a potential biomarker. Low ABHD5 expression could potentially accelerate the progression of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaying Peng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Guanghong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianxia Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujin Guo
- Department of Health Management &, Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiunan Zuo
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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Oh JH, Chae G, Song JW. Blood lipid profiles as a prognostic biomarker in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 2024; 25:285. [PMID: 39026259 PMCID: PMC11264581 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02905-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulation of lipid metabolism is implicated in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the association between the blood lipid profiles and the prognosis of IPF is not well defined. We aimed to identify the impacts of lipid profiles on prognosis in patients with IPF. METHODS Clinical data of 371 patients with IPF (145 and 226 in the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively), including serum lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-I [Apo A-I], and apolipoprotein B), were retrospectively collected. The association with mortality was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS In the derivation cohort, the mean age was 67.5 years, 86.2% were men, and 30.3% died during the follow-up (median: 18.0 months). Non-survivors showed lower lung function and greater gender-age-physiology scores than survivors. Among the serum lipid profiles, the levels of triglyceride and Apo A-I were significantly lower in non-survivors than in survivors. In the multivariate Cox analysis, low Apo A-I levels (< 140 mg/dL) were independently associated with the risk of mortality (hazard ratio 3.910, 95% confidence interval 1.170-13.069; P = 0.027), when adjusted for smoking history, body mass index, GAP score, and antifibrotic agent use. In both derivation and validation cohorts, patients with low Apo A-I levels (< 140 mg/dL) had worse survival (median survival: [derivation] 34.0 months vs. not reached, P = 0.003; [validation] 40.0 vs. 53.0 months, P = 0.027) than those with high Apo A-I levels in the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that low serum Apo A-1 levels are an independent predictor of mortality in patients with IPF, suggesting the utility of serum Apo A-I as a prognostic biomarker in IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hyun Oh
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ganghee Chae
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Song
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpagu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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Cheng KC, Chong PCT, Hsieh CC, Lin YT, Ye CH, Khumsupan D, Lu JJ, Yu WC, Cheng KW, Yap KY, Kou WS, Cheng MT, Hsu CC, Sheen LY, Lin SP, Wei AC, Yu SH. Identification of anti-fibrotic and pro-apoptotic bioactive compounds from Ganoderma formosanum and their possible mechanisms in modulating TGF-β1-induced lung fibrosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:118008. [PMID: 38458343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Compendium of Materia Medica and the Classic of Materia Medica, the two most prominent records of traditional Chinese medicine, documented the therapeutic benefits of Ganoderma sinense particularly in addressing pulmonary-related ailments. Ganoderma formosanum, an indigenous subspecies of G. sinense from Taiwan, has demonstrated the same therapeutic properties. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to identify bioactive compounds and evaluate the potential of G. formosanum extracts as a novel treatment to alleviate pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Using an in-house drug screening platform, two-stage screening was performed to determine their anti-fibrotic efficacy. METHODS AND MATERIALS G. formosanum was fractionated into four partitions by solvents of different polarities. To determine their antifibrotic and pro-apoptotic properties, the fractions were analyzed using two TGF-β1-induced pulmonary fibrosis cell models (NIH-3T3) and human pulmonary fibroblast cell lines, immunoblot, qRT-PCR, and annexin V assays. Subsequently, transcriptomic analysis was conducted to validate the findings and explore possible molecular pathways. The identification of potential bioactive compounds was achieved through UHPLC-MS/MS analysis, while molecular interaction study was investigated by multiple ligands docking and molecular dynamic simulations. RESULTS The ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) extracted from G. formosanum demonstrated substantial anti-fibrotic and pro-apoptotic effects on TGF-β1-induced fibrotic models. Moreover, the EAF exhibited no discernible cytotoxicity. Untargeted UHPLC-MS/MS analysis identified potential bioactive compounds in EAF, including stearic acid, palmitic acid, and pentadecanoic acid. Multiple ligands docking and molecular dynamic simulations further confirmed that those bioactive compounds possess the ability to inhibit TGF-β receptor 1. CONCLUSION Potential bioactive compounds in G. formosanum were successfully extracted and identified in the EAF, whose anti-fibrotic and pro-apoptotic properties could potentially modulate pulmonary fibrosis. This finding not only highlights the EAF's potential as a promising therapeutic candidate to treat pulmonary fibrosis, but it also elucidates how Ganoderma confers pulmonary health benefits as described in the ancient texts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C; Institute of Food Science Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C; Department of Optometry, Asia University, No. 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan. R.O.C; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Rd., Taichung, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Patrick Chun Theng Chong
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Chen-Che Hsieh
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Yu-Te Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Chih-Hung Ye
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Darin Khumsupan
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Jheng-Jhe Lu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Wei-Chieh Yu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Kai-Wen Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Kah Yi Yap
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Weng Si Kou
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Meng-Tsung Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.33, Linsen S. Rd., Taipei, 100025, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Cheng-Chih Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C; Leeuwenhoek Laboratories Co. Ltd., No. 71, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 106038, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Lee-Yan Sheen
- Institute of Food Science Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Shin-Ping Lin
- School of Food Safety, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - An-Chi Wei
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Shu-Han Yu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C.
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Shi X, Chen Y, Shi M, Gao F, Huang L, Wang W, Wei D, Shi C, Yu Y, Xia X, Song N, Chen X, Distler JHW, Lu C, Chen J, Wang J. The novel molecular mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis: insight into lipid metabolism from reanalysis of single-cell RNA-seq databases. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:98. [PMID: 38570797 PMCID: PMC10988923 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a severe pulmonary disease with limited available therapeutic choices. Recent evidence increasingly points to abnormal lipid metabolism as a critical factor in PF pathogenesis. Our latest research identifies the dysregulation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a new risk factor for PF, contributing to alveolar epithelial and endothelial cell damage, and fibroblast activation. In this study, we first integrative summarize the published literature about lipid metabolite changes found in PF, including phospholipids, glycolipids, steroids, fatty acids, triglycerides, and lipoproteins. We then reanalyze two single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets of PF, and the corresponding lipid metabolomic genes responsible for these lipids' biosynthesis, catabolism, transport, and modification processes are uncovered. Intriguingly, we found that macrophage is the most active cell type in lipid metabolism, with almost all lipid metabolic genes being altered in macrophages of PF. In type 2 alveolar epithelial cells, lipid metabolic differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are primarily associated with the cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol pathway, cholesterol metabolism, and triglyceride synthesis. Endothelial cells are partly responsible for sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamines reprogramming as their metabolic genes are dysregulated in PF. Fibroblasts may contribute to abnormal cholesterol, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine metabolism in PF. Therefore, the reprogrammed lipid profiles in PF may be attributed to the aberrant expression of lipid metabolic genes in different cell types. Taken together, these insights underscore the potential of targeting lipid metabolism in developing innovative therapeutic strategies, potentially leading to extended overall survival in individuals affected by PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguang Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yahui Chen
- Human Phenome Institute, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengkun Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Wuxi Lung Transplant Center, Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lihao Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism & Integrative Biology, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Wuxi Lung Transplant Center, Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Wuxi Lung Transplant Center, Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chenyi Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuexin Yu
- Human Phenome Institute, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyi Xia
- Human Phenome Institute, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nana Song
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jörg H W Distler
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Chenqi Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Wuxi Lung Transplant Center, Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.
- Center for Lung Transplantation, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jiucun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Human Phenome Institute, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Research Unit of Dissecting the Population Genetics and Developing New Technologies for Treatment and Prevention of Skin Phenotypes and Dermatological Diseases (2019RU058), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Kim SJ, Jo Y, Park SJ, Ji E, Lee JY, Choi E, Baek JY, Jang IY, Jung HW, Kim K, Ryu D, Yoo HJ, Kim BJ. Metabolomic profiles of ovariectomized mice and their associations with body composition and frailty-related parameters in postmenopausal women. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02338-x. [PMID: 38493245 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02338-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menopause, a dramatical estrogen-deficient condition, is considered the most significant milestone in women's health. PURPOSE To investigate the metabolite changes attributed to estrogen deficiency using random forest (RF)-based machine learning (ML) modeling strategy in ovariectomized (OVX) mice as well as determine the clinical relevance of selected metabolites in older women. METHODS AND RESULTS Untargeted and targeted metabolomic analyses revealed that metabolites related to TCA cycle, sphingolipids, phospholipids, fatty acids, and amino acids, were significantly changed in the plasma and/or muscle of OVX mice. Subsequent ML classifiers based on RF algorithm selected alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), arginine, carnosine, ceramide C24, phosphatidylcholine (PC) aa C36:6, and PC ae C42:3 in plasma as well as PC aa 34:1, PC aa C34:3, PC aa C36:5, PC aa C32:1, PC aa C36:2, and sphingosine in muscle as top featured metabolites that differentiate the OVX mice from the sham-operated group. When circulating levels of AKG, arginine, and carnosine, which showed the most significant changes in OVX mice blood, were measured in postmenopausal women, higher plasma AKG levels were associated with lower bone mass, weak grip strength, poor physical performance, and increased frailty risk. CONCLUSIONS Metabolomics- and ML-based methods identified the key metabolites of blood and muscle that were significantly changed after ovariectomy in mice, and the clinical implication of several metabolites was investigated by looking at their correlation with body composition and frailty-related parameters in postmenopausal women. These findings provide crucial context for understanding the diverse physiological alterations caused by estrogen deficiency in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center,, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Y Jo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - S J Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - E Ji
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - E Choi
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - J-Y Baek
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - I Y Jang
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - H-W Jung
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - K Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - D Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea.
| | - H J Yoo
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center,, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
| | - B-J Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
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7
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Kwon SH, Chung H, Seo JW, Kim HS. Genistein alleviates pulmonary fibrosis by inactivating lung fibroblasts. BMB Rep 2024; 57:143-148. [PMID: 37817434 PMCID: PMC10979345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a serious lung disease that occurs predominantly in men. Genistein is an important natural soybeanderived phytoestrogen that affects various biological functions, such as cell migration and fibrosis. However, the antifibrotic effects of genistein on pulmonary fibrosis are largely unknown. The antifibrotic effects of genistein were evaluated using in vitro and in vivo models of lung fibrosis. Proteomic data were analyzed using nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS. Genistein significantly reduced transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced expression of collagen type I and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) in MRC-5 cells and primary fibroblasts from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Genistein also reduced TGF-β1-induced expression of p-Smad2/3 and p-p38 MAPK in fibroblast models. Comprehensive protein analysis confirmed that genistein exerted an anti-fibrotic effect by regulating various molecular mechanisms, such as unfolded protein response, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, cell death, and several metabolic pathways. Genistein was also found to decrease hydroxyproline levels in the lungs of BLM-treated mice. Genistein exerted an anti-fibrotic effect by preventing fibroblast activation, suggesting that genistein could be developed as a pharmacological agent for the prevention and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. [BMB Reports 2024; 57(3): 143-148].
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-hyun Kwon
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Korea
| | - Hyunju Chung
- Core Research Laboratory, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 05278, Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Seo
- Core Research Laboratory, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 05278, Korea
| | - Hak Su Kim
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Korea
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8
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Wang L, Yuan H, Li W, Yan P, Zhao M, Li Z, Zhao H, Wang S, Wan R, Li Y, Yang J, Pan X, Rosas I, Yu G. ACSS3 regulates the metabolic homeostasis of epithelial cells and alleviates pulmonary fibrosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166960. [PMID: 37979225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology. The emerging evidence demonstrates that metabolic homeostatic imbalance caused by repetitive injuries of the alveolar epithelium is the potential pathogenesis of IPF. Proteomic analysis identified that Acetyl-CoA synthetase short chain family member 3 (ACSS3) expression was decreased in IPF patients and mice with bleomycin-induced fibrosis. ACSS3 participated in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Increased expression of ACSS3 downregulated carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT-1A) and resulted in the accumulation of lipid droplets, while enhanced glycolysis which led to an increase in extracellular lactic acid levels in A549 cells. ACSS3 increases the production of succinyl-CoA through propionic acid metabolism, and decreases the generation of acetyl-CoA and ATP in alveolar epithelial cells. Overexpression of Acss3 inhibited the excessive deposition of ECM and attenuated the ground-glass opacity which determined by micro-CT in vivo. In a nutshell, our findings demonstrate that ACSS3 decreased the fatty acid oxidation through CPT1A deficiency and enhanced anaerobic glycolysis, this metabolic reprogramming deactivate the alveolar epithelial cells by lessen mitochondrial fission and fusion, increase of ROS production, suppression of mitophagy, promotion of apoptosis, suggesting that ACSS3 might be potential therapeutic target in pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Hongmei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Peishuo Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Mengxia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Zhongzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Huabin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Shenghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Ruyan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yajun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Juntang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Ivan Rosas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Guoying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Organ Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal university, Xinxiang 453007, China.
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9
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Wu W, Wang Z, Zhang H, Zhang X, Tian H. circGRHPR inhibits aberrant epithelial-mesenchymal transformation progression of lung epithelial cells associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:7. [PMID: 38267743 PMCID: PMC10808371 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Air pollution has greatly increased the risk of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been found to play a significant role in the advancement of IPF, but there is limited evidence of correlation between circRNAs and lung epithelial cells (LECs) in IPF. This research aimed to explore the influence of circRNAs on the regulation of EMT progression in LECs, with the objective of elucidating its mechanism and establishing its association with IPF. Our results suggested that the downregulation of circGRHPR in peripheral blood of clinical cases was associated with the diagnosis of IPF. Meanwhile, we found that circGRHPR was downregulated in transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1)-induced A549 and Beas-2b cells. It is a valid model to study the abnormal EMT progression of IPF-associated LECs in vitro. The overexpression of circGRHPR inhibited the abnormal EMT progression of TGF-β1-induced LECs. Furthermore, as the sponge of miR-665, circGRHPR released the expression of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4-like (NEDD4L), thus promoting its downstream transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TGFBR2) ubiquitination. It is helpful to reduce the response of LECs to TGF-β1 signaling. In summary, circGRHPR/miR-665/NEDD4L axis inhibited the abnormal EMT progression of TGF-β1-induced LECs by promoting TGFBR2 ubiquitination, which provides new ideas and potential targets for the treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensi Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107, Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, No. 107, Yanjiang West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiying Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107, Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107, Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107, Wenhua West Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Lam G, Noirez P, Djemai H, Youssef L, Blanc E, Audouze K, Kim MJ, Coumoul X, Li SFY. The effects of pollutant mixture released from grafted adipose tissues on fatty acid and lipid metabolism in the skeletal muscles, kidney, heart, and lungs of male mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122387. [PMID: 37591324 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) accumulated in the adipose tissue can affect the fatty acid and lipid metabolism in the body. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics analysis was carried out to study the metabolic changes induced by internal exposure to the POPs in mouse skeletal muscle (soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius), kidney, heart, and lungs. Male donor mice were injected with a mixture of 10 POPs at concentrations of 0 × and 5 × lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL). Their adipose tissue (AT) containing the POP was then grafted onto the host mice and the metabolic change of the host mice was monitored for 3 or 21 days. The metabolites related to fatty acid and lipid metabolism were studied. For the host mice engrafted with POP-containing fat pad, there was dysregulation of the fatty acids and glycerides observed in all the organs studied 3 days after the graft. However, there was no longer a significant change in the metabolites 21 days after the graft. The difference in significant values and metabolite regulation in each of the skeletal muscles showed that the POP mixture affects different types of skeletal muscle in a heterogeneous manner. Fold change analysis showed that certain metabolites in the kidney of host mice exposed to POPs for 3 days were greatly affected. Using multivariate analysis, apart from the plantaris, most treated groups exposed to POPs for 3 days are well distinguished from the control groups. However, for host mice exposed to POPs for 21 days, apart from the kidney and heart, groups are not well-distinguished from the control group. This study helps bring new insight into the effects of the pollutants mixture released from AT on fatty acid and lipid metabolism at different periods and how the dysregulation of metabolites might result in diseases associated with the organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Lam
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Phillipe Noirez
- Université Paris Cité, 45 Rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France; UMR-S1124, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherché Médicale (Inserm), T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France; PSMS, Performance Santé Métrologie Société, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Haidar Djemai
- Université Paris Cité, 45 Rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France; UMR-S1124, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherché Médicale (Inserm), T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France
| | - Layale Youssef
- Université Paris Cité, 45 Rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France; UMR-S1124, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherché Médicale (Inserm), T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Blanc
- Université Paris Cité, 45 Rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France; UMR-S1124, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherché Médicale (Inserm), T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France
| | - Karine Audouze
- Université Paris Cité, 45 Rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France; UMR-S1124, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherché Médicale (Inserm), T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France
| | - Min Ji Kim
- UMR-S1124, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherché Médicale (Inserm), T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France; Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- Université Paris Cité, 45 Rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France; UMR-S1124, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherché Médicale (Inserm), T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France
| | - Sam Fong Yau Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
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11
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Washimkar KR, Tomar MS, Kulkarni C, Verma S, Shrivastava A, Chattopadhyay N, Mugale MN. Longitudinal assessment of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by evaluating TGF-β1/Smad2, Nrf2 signaling and metabolomic analysis in mice. Life Sci 2023; 331:122064. [PMID: 37657527 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is characterized by an increase in collagen synthesis and deposition of extracellular matrix. Several factors, including transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), mothers against decapentaplegic homolog family proteins (Smad), and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) trigger extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, fibroblast to myofibroblasts conversion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) leading to PF. However, the role of cellular defense mechanisms such as the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling during the onset and progression of PF is not understood completely. AIM The present study aims to analyze the involvement of TGF-β1/Smad signaling, and Nrf2 in the EMT and metabolic alterations that promote fibrosis in a time-dependent manner using bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF model in C57BL/6 mice. KEY FINDINGS Histopathological studies revealed loss of lung architecture and increased collagen deposition in BLM-exposed mice. BLM upregulated TGF-β1/Smad signaling and α-SMA at all time-points. The gradual increase in the accumulation of α-SMA and collagen implied the progression of PF. BLM exposure raises Nrf2 throughout each specified time-point, which suggests that Nrf2 activation might be responsible for TGF-β1-induced EMT and the development of PF. Further, metabolomic studies linked the development of PF to alterations in metabolic pathways. The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) was consistently enriched across all the time-points. Additionally, alterations in 22 commonly enriched pathways, associated with fatty acid (FA) and amino acid metabolism were observed in 30- and 60-days. SIGNIFICANCE This study elucidates the association of TGF-β1/Smad and Nrf2 signaling in the EMT and metabolic alterations associated with the etiology and progression of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveri R Washimkar
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Manendra Singh Tomar
- Centre for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Chirag Kulkarni
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shobhit Verma
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ashutosh Shrivastava
- Centre for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Madhav Nilakanth Mugale
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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12
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Kim TY, Kim JM, Lee HL, Go MJ, Joo SG, Kim JH, Lee HS, Jeong WM, Lee DY, Kim HJ, Heo HJ. Codium fragile Suppressed Chronic PM 2.5-Exposed Pulmonary Dysfunction via TLR/TGF-β Pathway in BALB/c Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1743. [PMID: 37760047 PMCID: PMC10525573 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the ameliorating effect of the aqueous extract of Codium fragile on PM2.5-induced pulmonary dysfunction. The major compounds of Codium fragile were identified as palmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleamide using GC/MS2 and hexadecanamide, oleamide, and 13-docosenamide using UPLC-Q-TOF/MSE. Codium fragile improved pulmonary antioxidant system deficit by regulating SOD activities and reducing GSH levels and MDA contents. It suppressed pulmonary mitochondrial dysfunction by regulating ROS contents and mitochondrial membrane potential levels. It regulated the inflammatory protein levels of TLR4, MyD88, p-JNK, p-NF-κB, iNOS, Caspase-1, TNF-α, and IL-1β. In addition, it improved the apoptotic protein expression of BCl-2, BAX, and Caspase-3 and attenuated the fibrous protein expression of TGF-β1, p-Smad-2, p-Smad-3, MMP-1, and MMP-2. In conclusion, this study suggests that Codium fragile might be a potential material for functional food or pharmaceuticals to improve lung damage by regulating oxidative stress inflammation, cytotoxicity, and fibrosis via the TLR/TGF-β1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Yoon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeonsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.Y.K.); (J.M.K.); (H.L.L.); (M.J.G.); (S.G.J.); (J.H.K.); (H.S.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Jong Min Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeonsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.Y.K.); (J.M.K.); (H.L.L.); (M.J.G.); (S.G.J.); (J.H.K.); (H.S.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Hyo Lim Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeonsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.Y.K.); (J.M.K.); (H.L.L.); (M.J.G.); (S.G.J.); (J.H.K.); (H.S.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Min Ji Go
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeonsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.Y.K.); (J.M.K.); (H.L.L.); (M.J.G.); (S.G.J.); (J.H.K.); (H.S.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Seung Gyum Joo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeonsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.Y.K.); (J.M.K.); (H.L.L.); (M.J.G.); (S.G.J.); (J.H.K.); (H.S.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Ju Hui Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeonsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.Y.K.); (J.M.K.); (H.L.L.); (M.J.G.); (S.G.J.); (J.H.K.); (H.S.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Han Su Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeonsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.Y.K.); (J.M.K.); (H.L.L.); (M.J.G.); (S.G.J.); (J.H.K.); (H.S.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Won Min Jeong
- Research & Development Team, Gyeongnam Anti-Aging Research Institute, Sancheong 52215, Republic of Korea; (W.M.J.); (D.Y.L.)
| | - Dong Yeol Lee
- Research & Development Team, Gyeongnam Anti-Aging Research Institute, Sancheong 52215, Republic of Korea; (W.M.J.); (D.Y.L.)
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeonsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.Y.K.); (J.M.K.); (H.L.L.); (M.J.G.); (S.G.J.); (J.H.K.); (H.S.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Ho Jin Heo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeonsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (T.Y.K.); (J.M.K.); (H.L.L.); (M.J.G.); (S.G.J.); (J.H.K.); (H.S.L.); (H.-J.K.)
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13
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Chen R, Dai J. Lipid metabolism in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: From pathogenesis to therapy. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:905-915. [PMID: 37289208 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02336-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic irreversible interstitial lung disease characterized by a progressive decline in lung function. The etiology of IPF is unknown, which poses a significant challenge to the treatment of IPF. Recent studies have identified a strong association between lipid metabolism and the development of IPF. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of small molecule metabolites using lipidomics reveals that lipid metabolic reprogramming plays a role in the pathogenesis of IPF. Lipids such as fatty acids, cholesterol, arachidonic acid metabolites, and phospholipids are involved in the onset and progression of IPF by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress, promoting cell apoptosis, and enhancing the expression of pro-fibrotic biomarkers. Therefore, targeting lipid metabolism can provide a promising therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis. This review focuses on lipid metabolism in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranxun Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinghong Dai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
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14
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Jang HJ, Lee DY, Loloci G, Jeong J, Choi WI. Association between the use of statins and risk of interstitial lung disease/idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: time-dependent analysis of population-based nationwide data. Eur Respir J 2023; 62:2300291. [PMID: 37202155 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00291-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to study whether statin use is associated with lowering the development of interstitial lung disease (ILD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). METHODS The study population was the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort. ILD and IPF cases were identified using diagnosis codes (J84.1 for ILD and J84.1A as a special code for IPF) based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision. The study participants were followed up from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2015. Statin use was defined by the cumulative defined daily dose (cDDD) per 2-year interval and participants were categorised into never-users, <182.5, 182.5-365.0, 365.0-547.5 and ≥547.5 by cDDD. A Cox regression was used to fit models with time-dependent variables of statin use. RESULTS Incidence rates for ILD with and without statin use were 20.0 and 44.8 per 100 000 person-years, respectively, and those for IPF were 15.6 and 19.3 per 100 000 person-years, respectively. The use of statins was independently associated with a lower incidence of ILD and IPF in a dose-response manner (p-values for trend <0.001). ILD showed respective adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of 1.02 (95% CI 0.87-1.20), 0.60 (95% CI 0.47-0.77), 0.27 (95% CI 0.16-0.45) and 0.24 (95% CI 0.13-0.42) according to the increasing category of statin use compared with never-users. IPF showed respective aHRs of 1.29 (95% CI 1.07-1.57), 0.74 (95% CI 0.57-0.96), 0.40 (95% CI 0.25-0.64) and 0.21 (95% CI 0.11-0.41). CONCLUSION A population-based cohort analysis found that statin use is independently associated with a decreased risk of ILD and IPF in a dose-response manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Dong Yoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Gjustina Loloci
- Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyeon Jeong
- Department of Statistics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Il Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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15
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Ba X, Wang H, Huang Y, Yan J, Han L, Lin W, Shen P, Huang Y, Yang S, Qin K, Tu S, Chen Z. Simiao pill attenuates collagen-induced arthritis and bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by suppressing the JAK2/STAT3 and TGF-β/Smad2/3 signalling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 309:116274. [PMID: 36841380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHAMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Simiao Pill (SM) as a classic prescription of traditional Chinese medicine treatment of damp-heat arthralgia, the earliest from 'Cheng Fan Bian Du ', written by the Qing Dynasty doctor Zhang Bingcheng. Previous studies have shown that SM has obvious curative effect on rheumatoid arthritis, which provides a basis for the application of SM in rheumatoid arthritis related complications. AIM OF THE STUDY Interstitial lung disease (ILD), as the most severe complication of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), lacks effective clinical treatments and a corresponding animal model. Simiao pill (SM) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription extensively used as a complementary and alternative treatment for RA. However, the effect and mechanism of SM on RA-ILD have not yet been reported. This study aimed to investigate an appropriate animal model that can simulate RA-ILD, and the efficacy, safety, and mechanism of SM on RA-ILD. METHODS Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model were combined to construct the CIA-BLM model. After the intervention of SM, the protective effects of SM on RA-ILD were determined by detecting the CIA mouse arthritis index (AI), Spleen index, and the extent of pulmonary fibrosis. The joint inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis were detected by immunohistochemistry, H&E staining, safranin- O fast green Sirius red staining, trap staining, and Masson staining. Finally, the mechanism was verified by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Our work showed that SM significantly reduced joint swelling, arthritis index, pulmonary fibrosis score, and spleen index in CIA mice. The pathological examination results indicated Si-Miao Pill suppressed inflammation, pulmonary fibrosis, bone erosion, and cartilage degradation of the ankle joint. Besides, SM up-regulated expressions of E-cadherin, whereas down-regulated expressions of α-SMA. Further studies confirmed that SM regulated JAK2/STAT3 and TGF-β/SMAD2/3. CONCLUSION SM can not only effectively improve joint inflammation by JAK2/STAT3 Pathway but also inhibit pulmonary fibrosis by TGF-β/SMAD2/3. The fibrosis induced by CIA-BLM model was more stable and obvious than that induced by CIA model alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ba
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yao Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - JiaHui Yan
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Han
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - WeiJi Lin
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Shen
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - SiSi Yang
- Division of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Qin
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - ShengHao Tu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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16
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Liu PF, Chang YF. The Controversial Roles of Areca Nut: Medicine or Toxin? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108996. [PMID: 37240342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Areca nut (AN) is used for traditional herbal medicine and social activities in several countries. It was used as early as about A.D. 25-220 as a remedy. Traditionally, AN was applied for several medicinal functions. However, it was also reported to have toxicological effects. In this review article, we updated recent trends of research in addition to acquire new knowledge about AN. First, the history of AN usage from ancient years was described. Then, the chemical components of AN and their biological functions was compared; arecoline is an especially important compound in AN. AN extract has different effects caused by different components. Thus, the dual effects of AN with pharmacological and toxicological effects were summarized. Finally, we described perspectives, trends and challenges of AN. It will provide the insight of removing or modifying the toxic compounds of AN extractions for enhancing their pharmacological activity to treat several diseases in future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Feng Liu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Fu Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Translational Research Center of Neuromuscular Diseases, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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17
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Viera W, Gaona P, Samaniego I, Sotomayor A, Viteri P, Noboa M, Merino J, Mejía P, Park CH. Mineral Content and Phytochemical Composition of Avocado var. Hass Grown Using Sustainable Agriculture Practices in Ecuador. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091791. [PMID: 37176848 PMCID: PMC10180668 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Avocado demand has increased in recent years due to the nutraceutical properties that this fruit has and its positive impacts on human health; however, avocado production also requires sustainable alternatives to improve its cultivation. The objective of this study was to carry out characterization of the mineral content and phytochemical compounds in avocado fruit of the Hass variety grown using sustainable agricultural practices in Ecuador. Our results show an increase in fruit quality traits, such as firmness, and in the content of soluble solids, protein, fiber, fat, carotenoids, Ca, Mg, Zn and stearic acid in the pulp of the avocado Hass variety, as well as an initial trend of yield increase with the application of sustainable practices. Moreover, antioxidant activity was associated with polyphenol content. There were positive correlations of Mg with K and Ca, and of flavonoids with linolelaidic, linoleic and linolenic acids. Overall, our results indicate that avocado can be used as a functional and nutritional food due to its phytochemical composition and the mineral content of its pulp, which contributes to the promotion of its consumption and encourages healthy eating. In addition, the use of sustainable practices, such as fertigation and the application of microorganisms, is also promoted for growing avocado.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Viera
- Fruit Program, Tumbaco Experimental Farm, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP), Av. Interoceánica Km. 15 and Eloy Alfaro, Quito 170902, Ecuador
| | - Pablo Gaona
- KOPIA Center Ecuador, Panamericana Sur Km. 1, Cutuglahua 171107, Ecuador
| | - Iván Samaniego
- Nutrition and Quality Department, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP), Panamericana Sur Km. 1, Cutuglahua 171107, Ecuador
| | - Andrea Sotomayor
- Fruit Program, Tumbaco Experimental Farm, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP), Av. Interoceánica Km. 15 and Eloy Alfaro, Quito 170902, Ecuador
| | - Pablo Viteri
- Fruit Program, Tumbaco Experimental Farm, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP), Av. Interoceánica Km. 15 and Eloy Alfaro, Quito 170902, Ecuador
| | - Michelle Noboa
- Fruit Program, Tumbaco Experimental Farm, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP), Av. Interoceánica Km. 15 and Eloy Alfaro, Quito 170902, Ecuador
| | - Jorge Merino
- Fruit Program, Tumbaco Experimental Farm, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP), Av. Interoceánica Km. 15 and Eloy Alfaro, Quito 170902, Ecuador
| | - Paúl Mejía
- Fruit Program, Tumbaco Experimental Farm, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP), Av. Interoceánica Km. 15 and Eloy Alfaro, Quito 170902, Ecuador
| | - Chang Hwan Park
- KOPIA Center Ecuador, Panamericana Sur Km. 1, Cutuglahua 171107, Ecuador
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El Husseini K, Poté N, Jaillet M, Mordant P, Mal H, Frija-Masson J, Borie R, Cazes A, Crestani B, Mailleux A. [Adipocytes, adipokines and metabolic alterations in pulmonary fibrosis]. Rev Mal Respir 2023; 40:225-229. [PMID: 36740493 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2023.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal respiratory disease characterized by severe remodeling of the lung parenchyma, with an accumulation of activated myofibroblasts and extracellular matrix, along with aberrant cellular differentiation. Within the subpleural fibrous zones, ectopic adipocyte deposits often appear. In addition, alterations in lipid homeostasis have been associated with IPF pathophysiology. In this mini-review, we will discuss the potential involvement of the adipocyte secretome and its paracrine or endocrine-based contribution to the pathophysiology of IPF, via protein or lipid mediators in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- K El Husseini
- Service de pneumologie A, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP ; Inserm Unit 1152, Université de Paris, Paris, France; Inserm Unité 1152 - PHERE, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - N Poté
- Service d'anatomopathologie, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP ; Inserm Unité 1152 - PHERE, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - M Jaillet
- Inserm Unité 1152 - PHERE, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - P Mordant
- Service de chirurgie vasculaire et thoracique, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - H Mal
- Service de pneumologie B, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP ; Inserm Unité 1152 - PHERE, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - J Frija-Masson
- Service de physiologie-explorations fonctionnelles respiratoires, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - R Borie
- Service de pneumologie A, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP ; Inserm Unit 1152, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - A Cazes
- Service d'anatomopathologie, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP ; Inserm Unité 1152 - PHERE, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - B Crestani
- Service de pneumologie A, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP ; Inserm Unit 1152, Université de Paris, Paris, France; Inserm Unité 1152 - PHERE, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - A Mailleux
- Inserm Unité 1152 - PHERE, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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19
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Bao L, Ye J, Liu N, Shao Y, Li W, Fan X, Zhao D, Wang H, Chen X. Resveratrol Ameliorates Fibrosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease via the Autophagy-Lysosome Pathway. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238475. [PMID: 36500562 PMCID: PMC9740423 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Interstitial lung disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA-ILD) can lead to interstitial fibrosis and even lung failure as a complication of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and there is currently no effective treatment and related basic research. Studies have found that resveratrol (Res) can improve the progression of RA by regulating autophagy, and increasing evidence supports the connection between autophagy and common interstitial lung disease (ILD). We explored changes in autophagy levels in fibrotic lungs in RA-ILD and found that the level of autophagy is enhanced in the early stage but inhibited in the late stage. However, resveratrol treatment improved the level of autophagy and reversed the inhibition of autophagy, and attenuated fibrosis. We created corresponding cell models that exhibited the same phenotypic changes as animal models; under the effect of resveratrol, the level of fibrosis changed accordingly, and the fusion process of lysosomes and autophagosomes in autophagy was liberated from the inhibition state. Resveratrol effects were reversed by the addition of the late autophagy inhibitor chloroquine. These results suggest that resveratrol attenuates pulmonary fibrosis, increases autophagic flux, and modulates the autophagy-lysosome pathway, and particularly it may work by improving the formation of autophagic lysosomes, which may be an effective treatment for induced RA-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxin Bao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Nannan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yubao Shao
- Microscopic Morphological Center Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wenhao Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xuefei Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Dahai Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
- Correspondence: (D.Z.); (H.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
- Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Correspondence: (D.Z.); (H.W.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
- Microscopic Morphological Center Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Correspondence: (D.Z.); (H.W.); (X.C.)
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20
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Yang F, Ma Z, Li W, Kong J, Zong Y, Wendusu B, Wu Q, Li Y, Dong G, Zhao X, Wang J. Identification and immune characteristics of molecular subtypes related to fatty acid metabolism in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:992331. [PMID: 36211517 PMCID: PMC9537386 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.992331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although fatty acid metabolism has been confirmed to be involved in the pathological process of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), systematic analyses on the immune process mediated by fatty acid metabolism-related genes (FAMRGs) in IPF remain lacking. Methods The gene expression data of 315 patients with IPF were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus database and were divided into the training and verification sets. The core FAMRGs of the training set were identified through weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Then, the fatty acid metabolism-related subtypes in IPF were identified on the basis of k-means unsupervised clustering. The scores of fatty acid metabolism and the expression of the fibrosis biomarkers in different subtypes were compared, and functional enrichment analysis was carried out on the differentially expressed genes between subtypes. A random forest model was used to select important FAMRGs as diagnostic markers for distinguishing between subtypes, and a line chart model was constructed and verified by using other datasets and rat models with different degrees of pulmonary fibrosis. The difference in immune cell infiltration among subtypes was evaluated with CIBERSORT, and the correlation between core diagnostic markers and immune cells were analyzed. Results Twenty-four core FAMRGs were differentially expressed between the training set and normal samples, and IPF was divided into two subtypes. Significant differences were observed between the two subtypes in biological processes, such as linoleic acid metabolism, cilium movement, and natural killer (NK) cell activation. The subtype with high fatty acid metabolism had more severe pulmonary fibrosis than the other subtype. A reliable construction line chart model based on six diagnostic markers was constructed, and ABCA3 and CYP24A1 were identified as core diagnostic markers. Significant differences in immune cell infiltration were found between the two subtypes, and ABCA3 and CYP24A1 were closely related to NK cells. Conclusion Fatty acid metabolism and the immune process that it mediates play an important role in the occurrence and development of IPF. The analysis of the role of FAMRGs in IPF may provide a new potential therapeutic target for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaotian Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Ethnic Medicine, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wanyang Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan Campus), Beijing, China
| | - Jingwei Kong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhan Zong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bilige Wendusu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Ethnic Medicine, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qinglu Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yao Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guangda Dong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Wang
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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21
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Deng X, Hao C, Li Y, Guo Y, Si H, He J, Deng M, Niu Z, Wang C, Xu X, Dai K, Yao W. Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 alleviates silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by modulating lipid metabolism. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113638. [PMID: 36099794 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is an incurable lung disease that can progress even when exposure to silica dust has ended. Lipid metabolism plays an important role in the occurrence and development of silicosis. However, the mechanistic details have not been fully elucidated. This was investigated in the current study by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based lipidomic analysis of lung tissue in a mouse model of silicosis. Lipid profiles and key metabolic enzymes were compared between silica and control groups. The lipidomic analysis revealed differentially-expressed lipids in the lungs of silicosis mice compared with controls. Among the identified lipid metabolism-related enzymes, the expression of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) was significantly down-regulated at the transcript and protein levels. LPCAT1 overexpression in vivo using adeno-associated virus altered the balance between phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine and inhibited the development of silicosis in mice. These results indicate that LPCAT1 dysregulation leads to abnormal lipid metabolism and silicosis, and is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedan Deng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Changfu Hao
- Department of Child and Adolescence Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yiping Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yonghua Guo
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Huifang Si
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Meng Deng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Zhuoya Niu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Kai Dai
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Wu Yao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
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22
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Zhang Y, Li T, Pan M, Wang W, Huang W, Yuan Y, Xie Z, Chen Y, Peng J, Li X, Meng Y. SIRT1 prevents cigarette smoking-induced lung fibroblasts activation by regulating mitochondrial oxidative stress and lipid metabolism. J Transl Med 2022; 20:222. [PMID: 35568871 PMCID: PMC9107262 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03408-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking (CS) is a strong risk factor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). It can activate lung fibroblasts (LF) by inducing redox imbalance. We previously showed that clearing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) protects against CS-induced pulmonary fibrosis. However, the precise mechanisms of mtROS in LF need further investigation. Here we focused on mtROS to elucidate how it was regulated by CS in LF and how it contributed to LF activation. METHODS We treated cells with 1% cigarette smoking extract (CSE) and examined mtROS level by MitoSOX™ indicator. And the effect of CSE on expression of SIRT1, SOD2, mitochondrial NOX4 (mtNOX4), fatty acid oxidation (FAO)-related protein PPARα and CPT1a and LF activation marker Collagen I and α-SMA were detected. Nile Red staining was performed to show cellular lipid content. Then, lipid droplets, autophagosome and lysosome were marked by Bodipy 493/503, LC3 and LAMP1, respectively. And lipophagy was evaluated by the colocalization of lipid droplets with LC3 and LAMP1. The role of autophagy on lipid metabolism and LF activation were explored. Additionally, the effect of mitochondria-targeted ROS scavenger mitoquinone and SIRT1 activator SRT1720 on mitochondrial oxidative stress, autophagy flux, lipid metabolism and LF activation were investigated in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We found that CS promoted mtROS production by increasing mtNOX4 and decreasing SOD2. Next, we proved mtROS inhibited the expression of PPARα and CPT1a. It also reduced lipophagy and upregulated cellular lipid content, suggesting lipid metabolism was disturbed by CS. In addition, we showed both insufficient FAO and lipophagy resulted from blocked autophagy flux caused by mtROS. Moreover, we uncovered decreased SIRT1 was responsible for mitochondrial redox imbalance. Furthermore, we proved that both SRT1720 and mitoquinone counteracted the effect of CS on NOX4, SOD2, PPARα and CPT1a in vivo. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that CS decreased SIRT1 to activate LF through dysregulating lipid metabolism, which was due to increased mtROS and impaired autophagy flux. These events may serve as therapeutic targets for IPF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Miaoxia Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yafei Yuan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhanzhan Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yixin Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
| | - Ying Meng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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23
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McCarthy C, Keane MP. Contemporary Concise Review 2021: Interstitial lung disease. Respirology 2022; 27:539-548. [PMID: 35513341 PMCID: PMC9320947 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The last 2 years have presented previously unforeseen challenges in pulmonary medicine. Despite the significant impact of the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic on patients, clinicians and communities, advances in the care and understanding of interstitial lung disease (ILD) continued unabated. Recent studies have led to improved guidelines, better understanding of the role for antifibrotics in fibrosing ILDs, prognostic indicators and novel biomarkers. In this concise contemporary review, we summarize many of the important studies published in 2021, highlighting their relevance and impact to the management and knowledge of ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cormac McCarthy
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael P Keane
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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24
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Extracellular Lipids in the Lung and Their Role in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071209. [PMID: 35406772 PMCID: PMC8997955 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids are major actors and regulators of physiological processes within the lung. Initial research has described their critical role in tissue homeostasis and in orchestrating cellular communication to allow respiration. Over the past decades, a growing body of research has also emphasized how lipids and their metabolism may be altered, contributing to the development and progression of chronic lung diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we first describe the current working model of the mechanisms of lung fibrogenesis before introducing lipids and their cellular metabolism. We then summarize the evidence of altered lipid homeostasis during pulmonary fibrosis, focusing on their extracellular forms. Finally, we highlight how lipid targeting may open avenues to develop therapeutic options for patients with lung fibrosis.
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25
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Hu X, Zou M, Ni L, Zhang M, Zheng W, Liu B, Cheng Z. Dec1 Deficiency Ameliorates Pulmonary Fibrosis Through the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/β-Catenin Integrated Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:829673. [PMID: 35355710 PMCID: PMC8959854 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.829673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue remodeling/fibrosis is a main feature of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which results in the replacement of normal lung parenchyma with a collagen-rich extracellular matrix produced by fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in type 2 lung epithelial cells is a key process in IPF, which leads to fibroblasts and myofibroblasts accumulation and excessive collagen deposition. DEC1, a structurally distinct class of basic helix-loop-helix proteins, is associated with EMT in cancer. However, the functional role of DEC1 in pulmonary fibrosis (PF) remains elusive. Herein, we aimed to explore DEC1 expression in IPF and bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF in mice and the mechanisms underlying the fibrogenic effect of DEC1 in PF in vivo and in vitro by Dec1-knockout (Dec1 -/-) mice, knockdown and overexpression of DEC1 in alveolar epithelial cells (A549 cells). We found that the expression of DEC1 was increased in IPF and BLM-injured mice. More importantly, Dec1 -/- mice had reduced PF after BLM challenge. Additionally, DEC1 deficiency relieved EMT development and repressed the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin integrated signaling pathway in mice and in A549 cells, whereas DEC1 overexpression in vitro had converse effects. Moreover, the PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitors, LY294002 and XAV-939, ameliorated BLM-meditated PF in vivo and relieved EMT in vivo and in vitro. These pathways are interconnected by the GSK-3β phosphorylation status. Our findings indicated that during PF progression, DEC1 played a key role in EMT via the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin integrated signaling pathway. Consequently, targeting DEC1 may be a potential novel therapeutic approach for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Menglin Zou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lan Ni
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingyang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weishuai Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenshun Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Based on the Network Pharmacology to Investigate the Mechanism of Qingjie Fuzheng Granules against Colorectal Cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7242640. [PMID: 35280511 PMCID: PMC8916896 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7242640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Qingjie Fuzheng granules (QFG) exert an anticancer effect against colorectal cancers (CRC). However, the pharmacological molecular mechanisms are still unclear. This study was aimed to establish a simple method to predict targets of QFG against CRC by the network pharmacology strategy. 461 compounds and 1559 targets in QFG were enriched by BATMAN-TCM. 21 of the common targets were obtained by the groups of “Jun,” “Chen,” “Zuo,” and “Shi” medicine in QFG. The enrichment analyses of GO functional terms, KEGG pathway, and OMIM/TTD diseases displayed the targets in the different and complementary effects of four functional medicines in QFG. Then, 613 differential targets for QFG in CRC were identified. GO functional terms and KEGG pathway analyses showed that QFG regulated the inflammatory function and lipid metabolic process. There were also targets that played a role in the binding to the receptors in membranes, in the activation of the transportation signal, and provided pain relief by regulation of the neural related pathways. Next, the protein-protein interaction network was analyzed, and the levels of the predicted targets in CRC primary tumor were explored, and 7 candidate targets of QFG against CRC were obtained. Furthermore, with real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis, downregulation of dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and upregulation of interleukin-10 (IL-10) were identified following the treatment of QFG. At last, the survival and prognosis of the potential targets of QFG in CRC patients were analyzed by GenomicScape, and IL-6 was suggested to be an index for the regulation of QFG in CRC. These results might elucidate the possible antitumor mechanism of QFG and highlight the candidate therapeutic targets and the application direction in clinical treatment for QFG.
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27
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Geng J, Liu Y, Dai H, Wang C. Fatty Acid Metabolism and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Physiol 2022; 12:794629. [PMID: 35095559 PMCID: PMC8795701 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.794629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid metabolism, including the de novo synthesis, uptake, oxidation, and derivation of fatty acids, plays several important roles at cellular and organ levels. Recent studies have identified characteristic changes in fatty acid metabolism in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) lungs, which implicates its dysregulation in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Here, we review the evidence for how fatty acid metabolism contributes to the development of pulmonary fibrosis, focusing on the profibrotic processes associated with specific types of lung cells, including epithelial cells, macrophages, and fibroblasts. We also summarize the potential therapeutics that target this metabolic pathway in treating IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Geng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huaping Dai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Huaping Dai,
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Chen Wang,
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Lyu Y, Guo C, Zhang H. Fatty acid metabolism-related genes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid unveil prognostic and immune infiltration in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1001563. [PMID: 36267568 PMCID: PMC9576944 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1001563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive condition with an unfavorable prognosis. A recent study has demonstrated that IPF patients exhibit characteristic alterations in the fatty acid metabolism in their lungs, suggesting an association with IPF pathogenesis. Therefore, in this study, we have explored whether the gene signature associated with fatty acid metabolism could be used as a reliable biological marker for predicting the survival of IPF patients. METHODS Data on the fatty acid metabolism-related genes (FAMRGs) were extracted from databases like Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Hallmark, and Reactome pathway. The GSE70866 dataset with information on IPF patients was retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Next, the consensus clustering method was used to identify novel molecular subgroups. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to understand the mechanisms involved. The Cell-type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) algorithm was used to evaluate the level of immune cell infiltration in the identified subgroups based on gene expression signatures of immune cells. Finally, the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to develop a prognostic risk model. RESULTS The gene expression signature associated with fatty acid metabolism was used to create two subgroups with significantly different prognoses. GSEA reveals that immune-related pathways were significantly altered between the two subgroups, and the two subgroups had different metabolic characteristics. High infiltration of immune cells, mainly activated NK cells, monocytes, and activated mast cells, was observed in the subgroup with a poor prognosis. A risk model based on FAMRGs had an excellent ability to predict the prognosis of IPF. The nomogram constructed using the clinical features and the risk model could accurately predict the prognosis of IPF patients. CONCLUSION The fatty acid metabolism-related gene expression signature could be used as a potential biological marker for predicting clinical outcomes and the level of infiltration of immune cells. This could eventually enhance the accuracy of the treatment of IPF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Lyu
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chen Guo
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Zhang,
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Bragagnolo FS, Funari CS, Ibáñez E, Cifuentes A. Metabolomics as a Tool to Study Underused Soy Parts: In Search of Bioactive Compounds. Foods 2021; 10:foods10061308. [PMID: 34200265 PMCID: PMC8230045 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The valorization of agri-food by-products is essential from both economic and sustainability perspectives. The large quantity of such materials causes problems for the environment; however, they can also generate new valuable ingredients and products which promote beneficial effects on human health. It is estimated that soybean production, the major oilseed crop worldwide, will leave about 597 million metric tons of branches, leaves, pods, and roots on the ground post-harvesting in 2020/21. An alternative for the use of soy-related by-products arises from the several bioactive compounds found in this plant. Metabolomics studies have already identified isoflavonoids, saponins, and organic and fatty acids, among other metabolites, in all soy organs. The present review aims to show the application of metabolomics for identifying high-added-value compounds in underused parts of the soy plant, listing the main bioactive metabolites identified up to now, as well as the factors affecting their production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Sanchez Bragagnolo
- School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, SP, Brazil; (F.S.B.); (C.S.F.)
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Cristiano Soleo Funari
- School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, SP, Brazil; (F.S.B.); (C.S.F.)
| | - Elena Ibáñez
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Alejandro Cifuentes
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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Kim HS, Moon SJ, Lee SE, Hwang GW, Yoo HJ, Song JW. The arachidonic acid metabolite 11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid alleviates pulmonary fibrosis. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:864-874. [PMID: 33990688 PMCID: PMC8178404 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00618-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are metabolites of arachidonic acid that are rapidly metabolized into diols by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). sEH inhibition has been shown to increase the biological activity of EETs, which are known to have anti-inflammatory properties. However, the role of EETs in pulmonary fibrosis remains unexplored. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to analyze EETs in the lung tissues of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF, n = 29) and controls (n = 15), and the function of 11,12-EET was evaluated in in vitro and in vivo in pulmonary fibrosis models. EET levels in IPF lung tissues, including those of 8,9-EET, 11,12-EET, and 14,15-EET, were significantly lower than those in control tissues. The 11,12-EET/11,12-DHET ratio in human lung tissues also differentiated IPF from control tissues. 11,12-EET significantly decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) and collagen type-I in MRC-5 cells and primary fibroblasts from IPF patients. sEH-specific siRNA and 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU; sEH inhibitor) also decreased TGF-β1-induced expression of α-SMA and collagen type-I in fibroblasts. Moreover, 11,12-EET and TPPU decreased TGF-β1-induced p-Smad2/3 and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) expression in primary fibroblasts from patients with IPF and fibronectin expression in Beas-2B cells. TPPU decreased the levels of hydroxyproline in the lungs of bleomycin-induced mice. 11,12-EET or sEH inhibitors could inhibit pulmonary fibrosis by regulating TGF-β1-induced profibrotic signaling, suggesting that 11,12-EET and the regulation of EETs could serve as potential therapeutic targets for IPF treatment. Signaling molecules called eicosanoids, which are derived from fatty acids, can suppress lung damage in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a chronic, progressive disease in which scar tissue builds up in the lungs, making it hard to breathe. The causes of IPF are unknown. Eicosanoids, which have anti-inflammatory properties, have been studied in various lung diseases. Jin Woo Song at the University of Ulsan College of Medicine in Seoul, South Korea, and co-workers investigated how they might affect IPF. They found that eicosanoid levels were lower in lung tissues from patients with IPF than in healthy tissues. Further investigation showed eicosanoid levels could be boosted by suppressing an enzyme called sEH that degrades them. Thus, suppression of sEH and boosting of eicosanoid levels show promise as therapeutic targets for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak Su Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Moon
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Eun Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Won Hwang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Yoo
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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31
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McManus B, Knight D. Long-chain fatty acids are bad in IPF, or are they? Respirology 2020; 26:220-221. [PMID: 33225574 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce McManus
- Prevention of Organ Failure (PROOF) Centre of Excellence, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Darryl Knight
- Providence Health Care Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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