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Romeo D, Hischier R, Nowack B, Wick P. Approach toward In Vitro-Based Human Toxicity Effect Factors for the Life Cycle Impact Assessment of Inhaled Low-Solubility Particles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:8552-8560. [PMID: 35657801 PMCID: PMC9227749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Today's scarcity of animal toxicological data for nanomaterials could be lifted by substituting in vivo data with in vitro data to calculate nanomaterials' effect factors (EF) for Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Here, we present a step-by-step procedure to calculate in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation factors to estimate human Benchmark Doses and subsequently in vitro-based EFs for several inhaled nonsoluble nanomaterials. Based on mouse data, the in vitro-based EF of TiO2 is between 2.76 · 10-4 and 1.10 · 10-3 cases/(m2/g·kg intake), depending on the aerodynamic size of the particle, which is in good agreement with in vivo-based EFs (1.51 · 10-4-5.6 · 10-2 cases/(m2/g·kg intake)). The EF for amorphous silica is in a similar range as for TiO2, but the result is less robust due to only few in vivo data available. The results based on rat data are very different, confirming the importance of selecting animal species representative of human responses. The discrepancy between in vivo and in vitro animal data in terms of availability and quality limits the coverage of further nanomaterials. Systematic testing on human and animal cells is needed to reduce the variability in toxicological response determined by the differences in experimental conditions, thus helping improve the predictivity of in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daina Romeo
- Particles-Biology
Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal
Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Roland Hischier
- Technology and Society Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Technology and Society Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Peter Wick
- Particles-Biology
Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal
Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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De Luca Peña LV, Taelman SE, Préat N, Boone L, Van der Biest K, Custódio M, Hernandez Lucas S, Everaert G, Dewulf J. Towards a comprehensive sustainability methodology to assess anthropogenic impacts on ecosystems: Review of the integration of Life Cycle Assessment, Environmental Risk Assessment and Ecosystem Services Assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:152125. [PMID: 34871681 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, a variety of methodologies are available to assess local, regional and global impacts of human activities on ecosystems, which include Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) and Ecosystem Services Assessment (ESA). However, none can individually assess both the positive and negative impacts of human activities at different geographical scales in a comprehensive manner. In order to overcome the shortcomings of each methodology and develop more holistic assessments, the integration of these methodologies is essential. Several studies have attempted to integrate these methodologies either conceptually or through applied case studies. To understand why, how and to what extent these methodologies have been integrated, a total of 110 relevant publications were reviewed. The analysis of the case studies showed that the integration can occur at different positions along the cause-effect chain and from this, a classification scheme was proposed to characterize the different integration approaches. Three categories of integration are distinguished: post-analysis, integration through the combination of results, and integration through the complementation of a driving method. The literature review highlights that the most recurrent type of integration is the latter. While the integration through the complementation of a driving method is more realistic and accurate compared to the other two categories, its development is more complex and a higher data requirement could be needed. In addition to this, there is always the risk of double-counting for all the approaches. None of the integration approaches can be categorized as a full integration, but this is not necessarily needed to have a comprehensive assessment. The most essential aspect is to select the appropriate components from each methodology that can cover both the environmental and socioeconomic costs and benefits of human activities on the ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vittoria De Luca Peña
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
| | - Sue Ellen Taelman
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Nils Préat
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Lieselot Boone
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Katrien Van der Biest
- Ecosystem Management Research Group, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Marco Custódio
- Flanders Marine Institute, Wandelaarkaai 7, B8400 Ostend, Belgium
| | - Simon Hernandez Lucas
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Ghent University, BLUEGent Business Development Center in Aquaculture and Blue Life Sciences, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gert Everaert
- Flanders Marine Institute, Wandelaarkaai 7, B8400 Ostend, Belgium
| | - Jo Dewulf
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
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Vimercati L, Cavone D, Caputi A, De Maria L, Tria M, Prato E, Ferri GM. Nanoparticles: An Experimental Study of Zinc Nanoparticles Toxicity on Marine Crustaceans. General Overview on the Health Implications in Humans. Front Public Health 2020; 8:192. [PMID: 32509719 PMCID: PMC7253631 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of products containing nanoparticles or nanofibers is rapidly growing. Nanotechnology involves a wide spectrum of industrial fields. There is a lack of information regarding the toxicity of these nanoparticles in aqueous media. The potential acute toxicity of ZnO NPs using two marine crustacean species: the copepod Tigriopus fulvus and the amphypod Corophium insidiosum was evaluated. Acute tests were conducted on adults of T. Fulvus nauplii and C. insidiosum. Both test species were exposed for 96 h to 5 increasing concentrations of ZnO NPs and ZnSO4H2O, and the endpoint was mortality. Statistical analysis revealed that the mean LC50 values of both ZnO NPs and ZnSO4H2O (ZnO NPs: F = 59.42; P < 0.0015; ZnSO4H2O: F = 25.57; P < 0.0015) were significantly lower for Tigriopus fulvus than for Corophium insidiosum. This result confirms that the toxic effect could be mainly attributed to the Zn ions, confirming that the dissolution processes play a crucial role in the toxicity of the ZnO NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Vimercati
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), School of Medicine, University Hospital “Policlinico”, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenica Cavone
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), School of Medicine, University Hospital “Policlinico”, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Caputi
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), School of Medicine, University Hospital “Policlinico”, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi De Maria
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), School of Medicine, University Hospital “Policlinico”, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Tria
- Marine Environment and Pollution Prevention, Department of Prevention, ASL TA Health Company, Taranto, Italy
| | - Ermelinda Prato
- Institute for the Coastal Marine Environment of the Italian National Research Council (IAMC-CNR), Taranto, Italy
| | - Giovanni Maria Ferri
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), School of Medicine, University Hospital “Policlinico”, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Bari, Italy
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Solaiman SM, Algie J, Bakand S, Sluyter R, Sencadas V, Lerch M, Huang XF, Konstantinov K, Barker PJ. Nano-sunscreens – a double-edged sword in protecting consumers from harm: viewing Australian regulatory policies through the lenses of the European Union. Crit Rev Toxicol 2019; 49:122-139. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2019.1579780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Solaiman
- School of Law, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Jennifer Algie
- School of Management, Operations and Marketing, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Shahnaz Bakand
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Ronald Sluyter
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Vitor Sencadas
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Michael Lerch
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, School of Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Konstantin Konstantinov
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Philip J. Barker
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
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Dimou K, Emond C. Nanomaterials, and Occupational Health and Safety—A Literature Review About Control Banding and a Semi-Quantitative Method Proposed for Hazard Assessment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/838/1/012020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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van Harmelen T, Zondervan-van den Beuken EK, Brouwer DH, Kuijpers E, Fransman W, Buist HB, Ligthart TN, Hincapié I, Hischier R, Linkov I, Nowack B, Studer J, Hilty L, Som C. LICARA nanoSCAN - A tool for the self-assessment of benefits and risks of nanoproducts. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 91:150-160. [PMID: 26949868 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The fast penetration of nanoproducts on the market under conditions of significant uncertainty of their environmental properties and risks to humans creates a need for companies to assess sustainability of their products. Evaluation of the potential benefits and risks to build a coherent story for communication with clients, authorities, consumers, and other stakeholders is getting to be increasingly important, but SMEs often lack the knowledge and expertise to assess risks and communicate them appropriately. This paper introduces LICARA nanoSCAN, a modular web based tool that supports SMEs in assessing benefits and risks associated with new or existing nanoproducts. This tool is unique because it is scanning both the benefits and risks over the nanoproducts life cycle in comparison to a reference product with a similar functionality in order to enable the development of sustainable and competitive nanoproducts. SMEs can use data and expert judgment to answer mainly qualitative and semi-quantitative questions as a part of tool application. Risks to public, workers and consumers are assessed, while the benefits are evaluated for economic, environmental and societal opportunities associated with the product use. The tool provides an easy way to visualize results as well as to identify gaps, missing data and associated uncertainties. The LICARA nanoSCAN has been positively evaluated by several companies and was tested in a number of case studies. The tool helps to develop a consistent and comprehensive argument on the weaknesses and strengths of a nanoproduct that may be valuable for the communication with authorities, clients and among stakeholders in the value chain. LICARA nanoSCAN identifies areas for more detailed assessments, product design improvement or application of risk mitigation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toon van Harmelen
- TNO, Climate, Air and Sustainability, P.O. Box 80015, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Derk H Brouwer
- TNO, Risk Analysis for Products In Development, P.O. Box 360, NL-3700 AJ Zeist, The Netherlands; University of the Witwatersrand, School of Public Health, 27 St Andrews Road, Parktown, 2193 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Eelco Kuijpers
- TNO, Risk Analysis for Products In Development, P.O. Box 360, NL-3700 AJ Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Fransman
- TNO, Risk Analysis for Products In Development, P.O. Box 360, NL-3700 AJ Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Harrie B Buist
- TNO, Risk Analysis for Products In Development, P.O. Box 360, NL-3700 AJ Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Tom N Ligthart
- TNO, Climate, Air and Sustainability, P.O. Box 80015, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Hincapié
- Technology and Society Lab, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Roland Hischier
- Technology and Society Lab, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Igor Linkov
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, 696 Virginia Rd., Concord, MA 01742, USA; Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Technology and Society Lab, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Studer
- Informatics and Sustainability Research Group, Department of Informatics, University of Zurich, Binzmühlestrasse 14, CH-8050 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lorenz Hilty
- Technology and Society Lab, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland; Informatics and Sustainability Research Group, Department of Informatics, University of Zurich, Binzmühlestrasse 14, CH-8050 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Som
- Technology and Society Lab, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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