1
|
Wang XY, Lin JJ, Lu MK, Jang FL, Tseng HH, Chen PS, Chen PF, Chang WH, Huang CC, Lu KM, Tan HP, Lin SH. Development and validation of a web-based prediction tool on minor physical anomalies for schizophrenia. SCHIZOPHRENIA 2022; 8:4. [PMID: 35210439 PMCID: PMC8873231 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-021-00198-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn support of the neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia, minor physical anomalies (MPAs) have been suggested as biomarkers and potential pathophysiological significance for schizophrenia. However, an integrated, clinically useful tool that used qualitative and quantitative MPAs to visualize and predict schizophrenia risk while characterizing the degree of importance of MPA items was lacking. We recruited a training set and a validation set, including 463 schizophrenia patients and 281 healthy controls to conduct logistic regression and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression to select the best parameters of MPAs and constructed nomograms. Two nomograms were built to show the weights of these predictors. In the logistic regression model, 11 out of a total of 68 parameters were identified as the best MPA items for distinguishing between patients with schizophrenia and controls, including hair whorls, epicanthus, adherent ear lobes, high palate, furrowed tongue, hyperconvex fingernails, a large gap between first and second toes, skull height, nasal width, mouth width, and palate width. The Lasso regression model included the same variables of the logistic regression model, except for nasal width, and further included two items (interpupillary distance and soft ears) to assess the risk of schizophrenia. The results of the validation dataset verified the efficacy of the nomograms with the area under the curve 0.84 and 0.85 in the logistic regression model and lasso regression model, respectively. This study provides an easy-to-use tool based on validated risk models of schizophrenia and reflects a divergence in development between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls (https://www.szprediction.net/).
Collapse
|
2
|
Gur RE, Roalf DR, Alexander-Bloch A, McDonald-McGinn DM, Gur RC. Pathways to understanding psychosis through rare - 22q11.2DS - and common variants. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2021; 68:35-40. [PMID: 33571729 PMCID: PMC8728946 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome has significant impact on brain and behavior, with about 25% of individuals developing schizophrenia. The condition offers a model for prospective studies on the emergence of psychosis and advancing mechanistic hypotheses on gene-environment interactions, with magnified power for examining genome-phenome association. Here, we highlight findings that build on the International 22q11.2 Brain and Behavior Consortium and relate to several key domains in the study of psychosis-risk and schizophrenia. We examine neurocognition, olfaction and neuroimaging data that indicate similar impairment patterns in this rare syndrome and idiopathic presentation of schizophrenia. We conclude that the converging paradigms, studying psychosis dimensionally in rare and common variants samples, provide complementary approaches that will propel precision medicine in psychiatry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel E Gur
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Penn Medicine and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, the Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, and the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - David R Roalf
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Penn Medicine and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, the Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, and the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aaron Alexander-Bloch
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Penn Medicine and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, the Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, and the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Donna M McDonald-McGinn
- Division of Human Genetics and 22q and You Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Penn Medicine and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, the Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, and the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mobile RZ, de Araujo MR, Maciel JVB, de Lima AAS. Response to letter to the editor: Minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia: From oral biology and dental sciences perspective. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2021; 40:535-536. [PMID: 33448456 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Zancan Mobile
- Department of Stomatology, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tysiąc-Miśta M, Tanasiewicz M, Dziedzic A. Minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia: From oral biology and dental sciences perspective. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2021; 40:533-534. [PMID: 33448481 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Tysiąc-Miśta
- Department of Dental Prosthetics and Dental Materials, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marta Tanasiewicz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Dziedzic
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|