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Eickhardt-Dalbøge CS, Nielsen HV, Fuursted K, Stensvold CR, Andersen LOB, Lilje B, Larsen MK, Kjær L, Christensen SF, Knudsen TA, Skov V, Sørensen AL, Ellervik C, Olsen LR, Christensen JJE, Nielsen XC, Hasselbalch HC, Ingham AC. JAK2V617F drives gut microbiota differences in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. Eur J Haematol 2024; 112:776-787. [PMID: 38226781 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.14169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Essential thrombocythemia (ET), polycythemia vera (PV), and primary myelofibrosis (MF) are myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Inflammation is involved in the initiation, progression, and symptomology of the diseases. The gut microbiota impacts the immune system, infection control, and steady-state hematopoiesis. METHODS We analyzed the gut microbiota of 227 MPN patients and healthy controls (HCs) using next-generation sequencing. We expanded our previous results in PV and ET patients with additional PV, pre-MF, and MF patients which allowed us to compare MPN patients collectively, MPN sub-diagnoses, and MPN mutations (separately and combined) vs. HCs (N = 42) and compare within MPN sub-diagnoses and MPN mutation. RESULTS MPN patients had a higher observed richness (median, 245 [range, 49-659]) compared with HCs (191.5 [range, 111-300; p = .003]) and a lower relative abundance of taxa within the Firmicutes phylum; for example, Faecalibacterium (6% vs. 14%, p < .001). The microbiota of CALR-positive patients (N = 30) resembled that of HCs more than that of patients with JAK2V617F (N = 177). In JAK2V617F-positive patients, only minor differences in the gut microbiota were observed between MPN sub-diagnoses, illustrating the importance of this mutation. CONCLUSION The gut microbiota in MPN patients differs from HCs and is driven by JAK2V617F, whereas the gut microbiota in CALR patients resembles HCs more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schjellerup Eickhardt-Dalbøge
- The Regional Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital of Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik V Nielsen
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kurt Fuursted
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lee O' Brien Andersen
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Berit Lilje
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Kranker Larsen
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lasse Kjær
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Trine Alma Knudsen
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Vibe Skov
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Christina Ellervik
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Data and Data Support, Region Zealand, Sorø, Denmark
| | - Lars Rønn Olsen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jens Jørgen Elmer Christensen
- The Regional Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital of Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xiaohui Chen Nielsen
- The Regional Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital of Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Hans Carl Hasselbalch
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Cäcilia Ingham
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Zheng K, Wei Z, Li W. Ecological insights into hematopoiesis regulation: unraveling the influence of gut microbiota. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2350784. [PMID: 38727219 PMCID: PMC11093038 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2350784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota constitutes a vast ecological system within the human body, forming a mutually interdependent entity with the host. In recent years, advancements in molecular biology technologies have provided a clearer understanding of the role of the gut microbiota. They not only influence the local immune status and metabolic functions of the host's intestinal tract but also impact the functional transformation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) through the gut-blood axis. In this review, we will discuss the role of the gut microbiota in influencing hematopoiesis. We analyze the interactions between HSCs and other cellular components, with a particular emphasis on the direct functional regulation of HSCs by the gut microbiota and their indirect influence through cellular components in the bone marrow microenvironment. Additionally, we propose potential control targets for signaling pathways triggered by the gut microbiota to regulate hematopoietic function, filling crucial knowledge gaps in the development of this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Zheng
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhifeng Wei
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Kolypetri P, Weiner HL. Monocyte regulation by gut microbial signals. Trends Microbiol 2023; 31:1044-1057. [PMID: 37271658 PMCID: PMC10524398 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Monocytes are innate immune cells that sense environmental changes and participate in the immunoregulation of autoimmune, neurologic, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases as well as cancer. Recent studies have suggested that the gut microbiome shapes the biology of monocytes via microbial signals at extraintestinal sites. Interestingly, in chronic diseases, communication between microbial signals and monocytes can either promote or inhibit disease activity, suggesting that some of these pathways can be harnessed for clinical therapies. In this review, we discuss the newer concepts of regulation of monocyte homeostasis and function by gut microbial signals during steady state and inflammation. We also highlight the therapeutic potential of microbial signal-based approaches for modulation in the context of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panayota Kolypetri
- Department of Neurology, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Howard L Weiner
- Department of Neurology, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Bono C, Guerrero P, Erades A, Jordán-Pla A, Yáñez A, Gil ML. Direct TLR2 signaling through mTOR and TBK1 induces C/EBPβ and IRF7-dependent macrophage differentiation in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Stem Cells 2022; 40:949-962. [PMID: 35861517 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
During an infection, hematopoiesis is altered to increase the output of mature myeloid cells to fight off the pathogen. Despite convincing evidence that hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) can sense pathogens directly, more mechanistic studies are needed to reveal whether pattern recognition receptor (PRR) signaling initiates myeloid development directly, or indirectly through the production of cytokines by HSPCs that can act in an autocrine/paracrine manner, or by a combination of both direct and indirect mechanisms. In this study, we have used an in vitro model of murine HSPCs to study myeloid differentiation in response to the TLR2 ligand Pam3CSK4 and showed that, besides indirect mechanisms, TLR2 stimulation of HSPCs promotes myelopoiesis directly by initiating a MyD88-dependent signaling. This direct differentiation program involves a combined activation of the transcription factors PU.1, C/EBPβ and IRF7 driven by TBK1 and PI3K/mTOR. Notably, downstream of MyD88, the activated TBK1 kinase can activate mTOR directly and IRF7 induction is mediated by both TBK1 and mTOR. TLR2 signaling also induces NF-κB dependent IL-6 production that may further induce indirect myeloid differentiation. Our results have identified the direct signaling pathways and the transcription factors involved in macrophage development from HSPCs in response to TLR2 engagement, a critical process to trigger a rapid immune response during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bono
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas and Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Paula Guerrero
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas and Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Ana Erades
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas and Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Antonio Jordán-Pla
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Biología Funcional y Antropología Física, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas and Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Alberto Yáñez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas and Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - María Luisa Gil
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas and Instituto de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
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Barman PK, Goodridge HS. Microbial Sensing by Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells. Stem Cells 2022; 40:14-21. [PMID: 35511863 PMCID: PMC9072977 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Balanced production of immune cells is critical for the maintenance of steady-state immune surveillance, and increased production of myeloid cells is sometimes necessary to eliminate pathogens. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) sensing of commensal microbes and invading pathogens has a notable impact on hematopoiesis. In this review, we examine how commensal microbes regulate bone marrow HSPC activity to maintain balanced hematopoiesis in the steady state, and how HSPCs proliferate and differentiate during emergency myelopoiesis in response to infection. HSPCs express a variety of pattern recognition receptors and cytokine receptors that they use to sense the presence of microbes, either directly via detection of microbial components and metabolites, or indirectly by responding to cytokines produced by other host cells. We describe direct and indirect mechanisms of microbial sensing by HSPCs and highlight evidence demonstrating long-term effects of acute and chronic microbial stimuli on HSPCs. We also discuss a possible connection between myeloid-biased hematopoiesis and elevated levels of circulating microbiome-derived components in the context of aging and metabolic stress. Finally, we highlight the prospect of trained immunity-based vaccines that could exploit microbial stimulation of HSPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pijus K Barman
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Research Division of Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Helen S Goodridge
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Research Division of Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Corresponding author: Helen S. Goodridge, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
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Lei X, Palomero J, de Rink I, de Wit T, van Baalen M, Xiao Y, Borst J. Flagellin/TLR5 Stimulate Myeloid Progenitors to Enter Lung Tissue and to Locally Differentiate Into Macrophages. Front Immunol 2021; 12:621665. [PMID: 33815375 PMCID: PMC8017192 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.621665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) is the receptor of bacterial Flagellin. Reportedly, TLR5 engagement helps to combat infections, especially at mucosal sites, by evoking responses from epithelial cells and immune cells. Here we report that TLR5 is expressed on a previously defined bipotent progenitor of macrophages (MΦs) and osteoclasts (OCs) that resides in the mouse bone marrow (BM) and circulates at low frequency in the blood. In vitro, Flagellin promoted the generation of MΦs, but not OCs from this progenitor. In vivo, MΦ/OC progenitors were recruited from the blood into the lung upon intranasal inoculation of Flagellin, where they rapidly differentiated into MΦs. Recruitment of the MΦ/OC progenitors into the lung was likely promoted by the CCL2/CCR2 axis, since the progenitors expressed CCR2 and type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) produced CCL2 upon stimulation by Flagellin. Moreover, CCR2 blockade reduced migration of the MΦ/OC progenitors toward lung lavage fluid (LLF) from Flagellin-inoculated mice. Our study points to a novel role of the Flagellin/TLR5 axis in recruiting circulating MΦ/OC progenitors into infected tissue and stimulating these progenitors to locally differentiate into MΦs. The progenitor pathway to produce MΦs may act, next to monocyte recruitment, to fortify host protection against bacterial infection at mucosal sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lei
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jara Palomero
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Iris de Rink
- Genomics Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tom de Wit
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Martijn van Baalen
- Flow Cytometry Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yanling Xiao
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jannie Borst
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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