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Shuler SL, Klimczak K, Pollitt AM. Queer in the Latter Days: An Integrated Model of Sexual and Religious Identity Development Among Former Mormon Sexual Minority Adults. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2024; 71:1201-1230. [PMID: 36715727 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2023.2169087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sexual minority individuals often have complicated relationships with conservative religion, including conflicts between their sexual and religious identities. Sexual minority members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (CJCLDS) experience unique struggles, given the policies and doctrine of the CJCLDS and its commitment to heteronormative family structures and gender roles. A better understanding of the identity development trajectory for sexual minority individuals formerly involved in the church can deepens our understanding of sexual identity development in constrained contexts and help promote successful identity integration within this subpopulation. Transcripts from semi-structured interviews with thirty-four sexual minority individuals who identified as former members of the CJCLDS were analyzed using an inductive thematic approach, followed by a deductive theory-building process in which Cass's Homosexual Identity Formation Model and Genia's Religious Identity Development Model were overlaid on themes. We present a model that captures the trajectory of sexual and religious identity development that captures the experiences of sexual minority adults within the constraints of the CJCLDS, a non-affirming religious denomination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shay L Shuler
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Connecticut, USA
| | - Korena Klimczak
- Department of Clinical and Counseling Psychology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Amanda M Pollitt
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
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Gibbs JJ, O'Shields J, DeVane R, Purcell A. Religious Identity Dissonance: Examining the Path of Religious Factors to Depression in Sexual Minority Men in the USA. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024:10.1007/s10943-024-02025-4. [PMID: 38517583 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-024-02025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Little is known about the religious factors that contribute to religious identity dissonance (ID) for sexual minority men. Our aim was to model the path of religious factors to depression symptoms through ID and internalized stigma (IS). US sexual minority men (N = 168) participated in a survey about religious factors and mental health. Serial mediation of religious factors through ID and IS to depression symptoms was assessed using Hayes PROCESS macro. Results indicate that two religious factors significantly increase depression through ID and IS. Negative parental religious messages about LGBTQ people play a meaningful role in ID and increasing depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy J Gibbs
- School of Social Work, University of Georgia, 279 Williams Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
| | - Jay O'Shields
- School of Social Work, University of Georgia, 279 Williams Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Ryan DeVane
- School of Social Work, University of Georgia, 279 Williams Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Anna Purcell
- School of Social Work, University of Georgia, 279 Williams Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
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Johnson L, Lukert B. Science, Scripture, and Sexuality: The US United Methodist Church at Crossroads. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023:10.1007/s10943-023-01806-7. [PMID: 37079172 PMCID: PMC10117265 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01806-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
During the past 50 years, medical and behavioral scientists have made great progress in understanding the variables which influence the development of sexual orientation, identity, and consequent behavior. In most instances, homosexuality is influenced by hormonal, genetic, and immunologic variables during fetal development, and the effects cannot usually be altered without consequence. The recent struggle within The United Methodist Church in the USA reflects the difficulty that society in general has with accepting homosexuality as part of the spectrum of sexuality. Hopefully, understanding the factors influencing sexual orientation will aid in reducing prejudice and eventually bring an end to the pain endured by the LGBTQ community, and the conflict within The United Methodist Church, a prototype of the struggle.
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Wang W, Zhang J, Thompson WL. Confucianism and Gender Ratios of Suicide in the World: A WHO Data-Based Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2188. [PMID: 36767554 PMCID: PMC9915370 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study explores how Confucianism affects suicide rates by gender. Data for the study come from the World Health Organization document "Suicide Worldwide in 2019", which provides frequency and gender ratios for suicide rates in 183 member countries. One-way ANOVA and multiple linear regression analysis were used to examine potential differences in suicide rates and male to female ratio of suicides. Independent variables include region, income level, culture, and Confucian values that may be related to suicide. Suicide rates for Confucian countries do not show significant differences from European countries. However, these countries have lower suicide gender ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Department of Sociology, State University of New York at Buffalo State, Buffalo, NY 14222, USA
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Euseche M, Muñoz-García A. An Exploration of Spirituality, Religion, and Suicidal Ideation Among Colombian Adolescents. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2022:302228221125968. [PMID: 36069760 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221125968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study seeks to know if there is a relationship between measures of suicidal ideation and cognitive orientation towards spirituality, religious attitudes and beliefs, and religious practice. A non-experimental, descriptive, and correlational design, cross-sectional and quantitative approach was used. The sample was made up of 1372 adolescents, 59.2% female, 40.8% male, mean age 14.57, s = 1.75, range 12-17 years old, students from public schools in two cities in Colombia. The results indicated an inverse relationship between negative suicidal ideation (NSI) and cognitive orientation towards spirituality, beliefs and attitudes, and religious practice, and a positive relationship between them and positive suicidal ideation. The regression analysis showed the contribution of spirituality, religious beliefs, and attitudes in the prediction of NSI. In conclusion, the dimensions of spirituality and religiosity can help reduce suicidal thinking, acting as protective factors. The cultivation of a spiritual and/or religious life can be suitable and complementary ways as measures of prevention of suicidal behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Euseche
- PhD Student of the Doctoral Programme in Education Sciences (University of Granada), Researcher Red de Docentes Investigadores REDDI, Node of Educational Orientation, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Muñoz-García
- Department of Education and Developmental Psychology (University of Granada), Faculty of Education Sciences, Cartuja University Campus, Granada, Spain
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Oh H, Goehring J, Smith L, Zhou S, Blosnich J. Sexual minority status, religiosity, and suicidal behaviors among college students in the United States. J Affect Disord 2022; 305:65-70. [PMID: 35257693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.02.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Religiosity has been protective against suicidal behaviors, though it is unclear whether the protective effects extend to the high-risk group of sexual minorities. METHODS We analyzed data from the Healthy Minds Study, which was administered to college students enrolled in one of 140 campuses across the United States (N = 104,463) from September through December 2020, and from January to June 2021. We limited the sample to emerging adulthood (i.e., ages 18-30). We calculated the prevalence of suicidal behaviors and the mean of importance of religion, stratifying by sexual minority status. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the associations between predictors (sexual minority status, importance of religion) and outcomes (suicidal ideation, suicide plan, and suicide attempt), adjusting for age, gender, and race/ethnicity. We then tested to see whether the association between importance of religion and suicidal behaviors was conditional on sexual minority status. RESULTS Significantly larger proportions of sexual minority students reported suicidal behaviors than heterosexual students. A larger proportion of heterosexual students viewed religion to be very important in their lives when compared with sexual minority students. Being a sexual minority was associated with greater odds of all suicidal behaviors, and greater importance of religion was associated with lower odds. The importance of religion was significantly associated with lower odds of suicidal behaviors for heterosexual students when compared with sexual minority students. CONCLUSION The association between importance of religion and suicidal behaviors was conditional on sexual minority status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, United States of America.
| | - Jessica Goehring
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, United States of America
| | - Lee Smith
- Anglia Ruskin University, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Sasha Zhou
- Department of Public Health, Wayne State University, United States of America
| | - John Blosnich
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, United States of America
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Marchi M, Arcolin E, Fiore G, Travascio A, Uberti D, Amaddeo F, Converti M, Fiorillo A, Mirandola M, Pinna F, Ventriglio A, Galeazzi GM. Self-harm and suicidality among LGBTIQ people: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Rev Psychiatry 2022; 34:240-256. [PMID: 36151841 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2022.2053070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Research evidence has consistently documented a higher risk of suicidality in the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex, and Queer (LGBTIQ) population. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to report a detailed description of research data regarding the risk of Attempted Suicide (SA), Suicide Ideation (SI), and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) behaviours for LGBTIQ people and their subgroups. Medline, Scopus, PsycINFO, and EMBASE were searched for studies reporting a comparative estimation of SA, SI, and NSSI rates among LGBTIQ population and the general population (i.e. heterosexual/cisgender), without restrictions on participants' age and setting for the enrolment. Pooled analyses were based on odds ratios (ORs, with 95% CIs), estimated through inverse variance models with random effects. Fifty studies were selected for the quantitative synthesis and included fifty samples involving 3.735.601 controls and 87.252 LGBTIQ people. LGBTIQ people reported an increased risk of SA (OR:4.36[95%CI:3.32;5.71]), SI (OR:3.76[95%CI:3.02;4.69]), and NSSI (OR:4.24[95%CI:3.23;5.55]). Among LGBTIQ subgroups, the Bisexual group has shown the highest risk of suicidality (SA, OR:6.71; SI, OR:5.04; NSSI, OR: 5.03), followed by the Lesbian-Gay for attempted suicide (SA, OR:6.03), and the Transgender-Intersex-Queer for suicide ideation and non-suicidal self-injury (SI and NSSI, OR:3.42). The quality of the evidence ranged from low to moderate. Our findings have shown that LGBTIQ people report a higher risk of suicidality compared with their cisgender/heterosexual peers. This evidence may contribute to the public awareness on LGBTQI mental health needs and suggest supportive strategies as well as preventive interventions (e.g. supportive programs, counselling, and destigmatizing efforts) as parts of a tailored health-care planning aimed to reduce psychiatric morbidity and mortality in this at-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Marchi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Department of Mental Health and Drug Abuse, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elisa Arcolin
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Gianluca Fiore
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Antonio Travascio
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Daniele Uberti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Amaddeo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Mirandola
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Infectious Diseases Section, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,School of Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Federica Pinna
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Ventriglio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Galeazzi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Department of Mental Health and Drug Abuse, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Poorolajal J, Goudarzi M, Gohari-Ensaf F, Darvishi N. Relationship of religion with suicidal ideation, suicide plan, suicide attempt, and suicide death: a meta-analysis. J Res Health Sci 2021; 22:e00537. [PMID: 36511249 PMCID: PMC9315464 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2022.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is a significant public health problem and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The effect of religion on suicidal behaviors (i.e., ideation, plan, attempt, and death) is an important issue worthy of consideration. METHODS Major electronic databases, including MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus, were searched for the articles published until 26 April 2021. Reference lists were also screened. Observational studies addressing the associations between religion and suicidal behaviors were also examined. Between-study heterogeneity was investigated using the χ2, τ2, and I2 statistics. The probability of publication bias was explored using the Begg and Egger tests, as well as trim-and-fill analysis. The effect size was expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a random-effects model. RESULTS Out of 11 389 identified studies, 63 articles were eligible, involving 8,053,697 participants. There was an inverse association between religion and suicidal ideation OR = 0.83 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.88; P < 0.001), suicidal plan OR = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.83, 1.04; P = 0.200), suicide attempt OR = 0.84 (95% CI: 0.79, 0.89; P < 0.001), and completed suicide OR = 0.31 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.72; P = 0.006). There was a no evidence of publication bias. CONCLUSIONS The results of this meta-analysis support the notion that religion can play a protective role against suicidal behaviors. Nonetheless, the effect of religion on suicidal behaviors varies across countries with different religions and cultures. Although this association does not necessarily imply causation, an awareness of the relationship between religion and suicide risk can be of great help in suicide prevention policies and programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Poorolajal
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran,Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Goudarzi
- Department of Family Counseling, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Gohari-Ensaf
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Nahid Darvishi
- Department of Psychology, School of Human Sciences, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran,Corresponding author: Nahid Darvishi (MSc) E-mail: Zipcode: 6616935391 Tel:+98 87 3328 8661
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