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García-Buendía G, Rodríguez-Perea Á, Chirosa-Ríos I, Chirosa-Ríos LJ, Martínez-García D. Reliability of Dynamic Shoulder Strength Test Battery Using Multi-Joint Isokinetic Device. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3568. [PMID: 38894359 PMCID: PMC11175324 DOI: 10.3390/s24113568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the absolute and relative reliability of concentric and eccentric flexion, extension, horizontal abduction, and adduction movements of the shoulder using a functional electromechanical dynamometer (FEMD). Forty-three active male university students (23.51 ± 4.72 years) were examined for concentric and eccentric strength of shoulder flexion, extension, horizontal abduction, and horizontal adduction with an isokinetic test at 0.80 m·s-1. Relative reliability was determined by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) with 95% confidence intervals. Absolute reliability was quantified by the standard error of measurement (SEM) and coefficient of variation (CV). Reliability was very high to extremely high for all movements on concentric and eccentric strength measurements (ICC: 0.76-0.94, SEM: 0.63-6.57%, CV: 9.40-19.63%). The results of this study provide compelling evidence for the absolute and relative reliability of concentric and eccentric flexion, extension, horizontal abduction, and horizontal adduction shoulder isokinetic strength tests in asymptomatic adults. The mean concentric force was the most reliable strength value for all tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo García-Buendía
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain; (G.G.-B.); (I.C.-R.); (D.M.-G.)
- Strength & Conditioning Laboratory, CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18001 Granada, Spain
| | - Ángela Rodríguez-Perea
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain; (G.G.-B.); (I.C.-R.); (D.M.-G.)
- Strength & Conditioning Laboratory, CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18001 Granada, Spain
- Department Physical and Sport Education, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Ignacio Chirosa-Ríos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain; (G.G.-B.); (I.C.-R.); (D.M.-G.)
- Strength & Conditioning Laboratory, CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18001 Granada, Spain
| | - Luis Javier Chirosa-Ríos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain; (G.G.-B.); (I.C.-R.); (D.M.-G.)
- Strength & Conditioning Laboratory, CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18001 Granada, Spain
| | - Darío Martínez-García
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain; (G.G.-B.); (I.C.-R.); (D.M.-G.)
- Strength & Conditioning Laboratory, CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18001 Granada, Spain
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2
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Lou J, Li J, Fan Y, Zhang C, Huang N. Effects of Virtual Reality on Analgesia in Wound Care and Physical Therapy for Burn Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Pain Manag Nurs 2024:S1524-9042(24)00100-0. [PMID: 38702259 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) in alleviating pain and improving the experience of burn patients during wound care and physical therapy. DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Database, and the Web of Science. REVIEW/ANALYSIS METHODS We searched four electronic databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from the earliest available date up to March 1, 2022. The primary outcome was worst pain intensity, while secondary outcomes encompassed pain unpleasantness intensity, time spent thinking about pain, and fun experience intensity. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool. RESULTS This study included 21 trials. The combined data revealed that the VR group experienced a significant reduction in worst pain intensity, pain unpleasantness intensity, and time spent thinking about pain compared to the control group. Moreover, VR treatment was associated with a significant increase in the fun experience intensity. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Virtual reality has the potential value of auxiliary analgesia in burn care, and exploring a more perfect scheme of VR-assisted analgesia is worthwhile. CONCLUSIONS The results of this meta-analysis indicate that VR can effectively reduce worst pain intensity, pain unpleasantness intensity, and time spent thinking about pain during wound care and physical therapy for burn patients. Additionally, it enhances fun experience intensity of the treatment period. Therefore, VR shows promise as a valuable complementary pain management intervention for burn patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Lou
- Burn Department, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, No. 41 Northwest Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - JiLiang Li
- Burn Department, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, No. 41 Northwest Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Youfen Fan
- Burn Department, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, No. 41 Northwest Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Burn Department, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, No. 41 Northwest Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Neng Huang
- Burn Department, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, No. 41 Northwest Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Muller MR, Lemes ÍR, Silva MSDC, Silva NS, Hernández AGM, Pinto RZ. The efficacy of neuromuscular training, with minimal or no equipment, on performance of youth athletes: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Phys Ther Sport 2023; 64:104-116. [PMID: 37820456 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of neuromuscular training, with minimal or no equipment, on physical performance of youth athletes. DESIGN Systematic review with meta-analysis. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, PEDro and SportDiscuss from inception to March/2022. SELECTION CRITERIA youth athletes (15-24years), from Olympic team sports; used neuromuscular training 2-3 times/week for, at least, 6 weeks; had a control group/usual training group; physical performance as outcomes; randomized controlled trial. DATA SYNTHESIS Pooled estimate of standardized mean difference (SMD), and 95% confidence interval (95%CI). RESULTS Thirty-four studies (1111 participants) were included. Results showed that neuromuscular training improved power (SMD: 0.84 [95%CI: 0.58, 1.10]; n = 805; I2 = 64%), speed (SMD: -1.12 [95%CI: -1.68, -0.57]; n = 688; I2 = 90%) and agility (SMD: -1.21 [95%CI: -1.60, -0.83]; n = 571; I2 = 76%) compared to control group, but showed no difference between groups for muscle strength (Quadriceps SMD: 0.34 [95%CI: -0.02, 0.69]; n = 132; I2 = 0%, Hamstrings: SMD: 0.64 [95%CI: -0.04, 1.33]; n = 132; I2 = 71%), balance and flexibility. CONCLUSION Clinically, neuromuscular training with minimal equipment may be useful for teams with limited resources to improve mainly athletes' power and agility, including those interventions that were designed to injury prevention. Future high-quality studies are likely to change these estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina R Muller
- Autonomous University of Querétaro (UAQ) - Faculty of Nursing, Master of Science in the Rehabilitation of the Human Movement, Research Line: Sports, Queretaro, Queretaro, Mexico.
| | - Ítalo R Lemes
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Applied Physiology & Nutrition Research Group, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michelle S de C Silva
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nayara S Silva
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Arely G M Hernández
- Coordination of the Master of Science in Rehabilitation of the Human Movement - Autonomous University of Querétaro (UAQ), Queretaro, Queretato, Mexico
| | - Rafael Z Pinto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Liaghat B, Pedersen JR, Husted RS, Pedersen LL, Thorborg K, Juhl CB. Diagnosis, prevention and treatment of common shoulder injuries in sport: grading the evidence - a statement paper commissioned by the Danish Society of Sports Physical Therapy (DSSF). Br J Sports Med 2023; 57:408-416. [PMID: 36261251 PMCID: PMC10086287 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-105674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
This statement paper summarises and appraises the evidence on diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of common shoulder injuries in sports. We systematically searched Medline and Embase. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation tool was applied to evaluate the overall quality of evidence.For diagnosis, we included 19 clinical tests from mixed populations. Tests for anterior instability, biceps-labrum complex injuries and full subscapularis rupture had high diagnostic accuracy (low to moderate quality of evidence).For prevention, the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, the Shoulder Control, the FIFA 11+ shoulder injury prevention programmes, and a baseball-specific programme (range of motion, stretching, dynamic stability and strengthening exercises) showed moderate to large effect size in reducing the risk of shoulder injury compared with no intervention (very low to moderate quality of evidence).For treatment, a rehabilitation programme including stretching, ice packs, electrotherapy and compression, and strengthening exercises showed a large effect size in reducing pain and disability compared with no intervention in athletes with subacromial impingement syndrome (very low to moderate quality of evidence). For the treatment of supraspinatus tendinopathy, hyperthermia treatment (heating the skin to 38°C-40°C) resulted in large effect size in reducing pain and disability compared with ultrasound or pendular swinging and stretching exercises (moderate quality of evidence). Strengthening exercise alone or in combination with stretching exercises promoted a large effect in reducing shoulder pain (cohort studies, no comparators) (very low quality of evidence). The quality of evidence for most estimates was low to moderate, indicating that future high-quality research may alter our recommendations for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Liaghat
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Centre for Evidence-Based Orthopaedics (CEBO), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | - Julie Rønne Pedersen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Skov Husted
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Research - Copenhagen (PMR-C), Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Physical Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Center for General Practice, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Orthopedic Research Hvidovre (CORH), Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager-Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- The Research Unit PROgrez, Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Næstved-Slagelse-Ringsted Hospitals, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Lund Pedersen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Danish Society of Sports Physical Therapy, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kristian Thorborg
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Research - Copenhagen (PMR-C), Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Physical Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sports Orthopedic Research Center - Copenhagen (SORC-C), Amager-Hvidovre Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten B Juhl
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte, Denmark
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Hanna MHZ, RezkAllah SS, Shalaby AS, Hanna MZ. Efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on pain and shoulder range of motion in post-mastectomy pain syndrome patients: a randomized-control trial. BULLETIN OF FACULTY OF PHYSICAL THERAPY 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s43161-022-00116-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Post-mastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) is a highly prevalent complication after surgical treatment for breast cancer, and it affects the patient’s quality of life in aspects of losing shoulder full range of motion, pain, and depression. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is non-invasive brain stimulation technique that was used in numerous clinical applications and in pain reduction in cancer patients. However, the effectiveness of tDCS on PMPS has never been evaluated in an experimental study.
Aim
To investigate the effect of bilateral anodal tDCS of motor cortex (M1) on pain, depression, and shoulder range of motion (ROM) in post-mastectomy pain syndrome.
Study design
Randomized controlled trial.
Methods
A total of 30 female patients with post-mastectomy neuropathic pain were randomized into two groups; the intervention group which received bilateral tDCS on motor cortex (M1) and the control group that received sham bilateral tDCS on M1. As pain affects shoulder range of motion (ROM), shoulder ROM was measured by electronic goniometer pre- and post-tDCS application. In addition, the levels of pain and depression have been measured pre and post treatment. Pain has been measured with visual analogue scale (VAS) and depression with Beck-Depression-Inventory-BDI questionnaire (BDI).
Results
A significant difference was noted in group A regarding pain, depression and shoulder ROM (p= 0.001, p= 0.003, and p= 0.003, respectively). Between group comparison revealed a significant difference of VAS scores and shoulder flexion ROM between groups, the study group and the control group (p=0.041 and 0.048, respectively). Pain decreased by 32% and Shoulder flexion increased by 4.8% post-treatment while there were no significant difference in group B (p=0.567 and p=0.866, respectively).
Conclusions
The application of tDCS decreases the severity of pain and improves shoulder range of motion suffered by breast cancer patients after total mastectomy surgery.
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Gibson ES, Cairo A, Räisänen AM, Kuntze C, Emery CA, Pasanen K. The Epidemiology of Youth Sport-Related Shoulder Injuries: A Systematic Review. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8791398. [PMID: 38655170 PMCID: PMC11022765 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8791398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Background Youth around the globe place their shoulders at risk for injury when participating in sports. Shoulder injuries may vary in severity, produce the potential for time-loss from sport, and result in functional disability. We sought to explore sport-related shoulder injuries in youth by identifying injury rates, risk factors, injury mechanisms, and injury prevention strategies. Methods All relevant full-text articles were identified by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Sport Discus, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry. No date restrictions were used. All full-text studies reporting original research describing sport-related shoulder injury among female and/or male youth from 5 to 18 years old were included. Results Of 3,889 studies screened, 97 described shoulder injury in youth sports. Shoulder injuries were identified in 24 unique sports. The median seasonal prevalence of shoulder injury was 10.9% (range 1.2-28.2%). The most common injury mechanisms identified were contacted with another player, contact with the playing environment, and falling to the ground. Risk factors for shoulder injury identified were side-to-side strength imbalances, weak external rotator muscles, and scapular dyskinesia. One study evaluated a successful training strategy to prevent shoulder injuries, but two other interventions demonstrated no effect. Conclusions Sport-related shoulder injuries are prevalent among youth athletes. Injury risk factors identified included modifiable intrinsic factors such as strength, range of motion, and training load. The most common injury mechanism was direct contact with either another person or an object in the playing environment. Innovative shoulder-specific strategies are needed to reduce shoulder injuries in this population. Trial Registration: PROSPERO ID: CRD42020189142.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S. Gibson
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Alexis Cairo
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Anu M. Räisänen
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy Education, College of Health Sciences - Northwest, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, Oregon, USA
| | - Colleen Kuntze
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Carolyn A. Emery
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Kati Pasanen
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland
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7
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Vetter S, Schleichardt A, Köhler HP, Witt M. The Effects of Eccentric Strength Training on Flexibility and Strength in Healthy Samples and Laboratory Settings: A Systematic Review. Front Physiol 2022; 13:873370. [PMID: 35574461 PMCID: PMC9100951 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.873370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The risk of future injury appears to be influenced by agonist fascicle length (FL), joint range of motion (ROM) and eccentric strength. Biomechanical observations of the torque-angle-relationship further reveal a strong dependence on these factors. In practice, a longer FL improves sprinting performance and lowers injury risk. Classical stretching is a popular and evidenced-based training for enhancing ROM but does not have any effects on FL and injury risk. However, recent studies show that eccentric-only training (ECC) improves both flexibility and strength, and effectively lowers risk of injury. Objectives: To review the evidence on benefits of ECC for flexibility and strength. Methods: COCHRANE, PUBMED, SCOPUS, SPOLIT, and SPONET were searched for laboratory trials that compare ECC to at least one comparison group. Studies were eligible if they examined both strength and flexibility metrics in a healthy sample (<65 years) and met criteria for controlled or randomized clinical trials (CCT, RCT). 18 studies have been included and successfully rated using the PEDro scale. Results: 16 of 18 studies show strong evidence of strength and flexibility enhancements for the lower limb. While improvements between ECC and concentric training (CONC) were similar for eccentric (+19 ± 10% vs. +19 ± 11%) and isometric strength (+16 ± 10% vs. +13 ± 6%), CONC showed larger improvements for concentric strength (+9 ± 6% vs. +16 ± 7%). While for ROM ECC showed improvements (+9 ± 7%), no results could be found for CONC. The overall effectiveness of ECC seems to be higher than of CONC. Conclusion: There is clear evidence that ECC is an effective method for changes in muscle architecture, leading to both flexibility and strength improvements for the lower limb. Due to limited data no shoulder study could be included. Further research is needed for the upper body joints with a focus on functional and structural adaptions. Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021283248, identifier CRD42021283248
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Vetter
- Department of Biomechanics in Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Axel Schleichardt
- Department of Biomechanics, Institute for Applied Training Science, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Köhler
- Department of Biomechanics in Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maren Witt
- Department of Biomechanics in Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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Ageberg E, Brodin EM, Linnéll J, Moesch K, Donaldson A, Adébo E, Benjaminse A, Ekengren J, Granér S, Johnson U, Lucander K, Myklebust G, Møller M, Tranaeus U, Bunke S. Cocreating injury prevention training for youth team handball: bridging theory and practice. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2022; 8:e001263. [PMID: 35505981 PMCID: PMC8984048 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is advocated that end-users are engaged in developing evidence-based injury prevention training to enhance the implementation, this rarely happens. The ‘Implementing injury Prevention training ROutines in TEams and Clubs in youth Team handball (I-PROTECT)’ uses an ecological participatory design incorporating the perspectives of multiple stakeholders throughout the project. Within the I-PROTECT project, the current study aimed to describe the development of holistic injury prevention training specifically for youth handball players through using knowledge from both end-users (coaches and players) and researchers/handball experts. Employing action evaluation within participatory action research, the cyclical development process included three phases: research team preparation, handball expert-based preparation and end-user evaluation to develop injury prevention training incorporating both physical and psychological perspectives. To grow the knowledge of the interdisciplinary research team, rethinking was conducted within and between phases based on participants’ contributions. Researchers and end-users cocreated examples of handball-specific exercises, including injury prevention physical principles (movement technique for upper and lower extremities, respectively, and muscle strength) combined with psychological aspects (increase end-user motivation, task focus and body awareness) to integrate into warm-up and skills training within handball practice. A cyclical development process that engaged researchers/handball experts and end-users to cocreate evidence-based, theory-informed and context-specific injury prevention training specifically for youth handball players generated a first pilot version of exercises including physical principles combined with psychological aspects to be integrated within handball practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Ageberg
- Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eva M Brodin
- Department of Educational Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Centre for Higher and Adult Education (CHAE), Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Jennie Linnéll
- Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Moesch
- Department of Psychology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alex Donaldson
- Centre for Sport and Social Impact (CSSI), La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emme Adébo
- Regional Handball Federation in South Sweden, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anne Benjaminse
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,School of Sport Studies, Hanze University Groningen School of Social Studies, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Ekengren
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Simon Granér
- Department of Psychology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Urban Johnson
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | | | - Grethe Myklebust
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Merete Møller
- Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ulrika Tranaeus
- Department of physiology, nutrition and biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sofia Bunke
- Department of Psychology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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9
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Achenbach L, Huppertz G, Zeman F, Weber J, Luig P, Rudert M, Krutsch W. Multicomponent stretching and rubber band strengthening exercises do not reduce overuse shoulder injuries: a cluster randomised controlled trial with 579 handball athletes. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2022; 8:e001270. [PMID: 35342642 PMCID: PMC8919472 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Handball is associated with a high risk of overuse shoulder injury. This study investigated if an injury prevention programme effectively reduces overuse injury to the throwing shoulder of handball athletes. Methods 61 men’s and women’s handball teams (u-19 and senior athletes) were cluster-randomised into an intervention and a control group in the 2019–2020 season. Players of the intervention group regularly carried out an injury prevention programme. Both groups documented overuse shoulder injuries via an online questionnaire every second week. The primary endpoint was the prevalence of overuse injury to the throwing shoulder. Secondary endpoints were the influence of compliance on the primary endpoint and intensity of overuse shoulder symptoms measured by a shortened, handball-specific Western Ontario Shoulder Index (WOSI). Results 31 teams (295 players) in the intervention group and 30 teams (284 players) in the control group were included for analyses. The overall questionnaire response rate was 61%. The average prevalence of overuse shoulder injury did not significantly differ between the intervention group (n=109, 38.4% (95% CI 32.9% to 44.2%)) and the control group (n=106, 35.9% (95% CI 30.7% to 41.6%), p=0.542). Compliance with the intervention programme did not significantly affect overuse shoulder injury (p=0.893). Using generalised estimating equations for WOSI, the estimated mean for the intervention group was 44.6 points (95% CI 42.0 to 47.1) and 47.6 points for the control group (95% CI 44.9 to 50.3, p=0.111). Conclusions A multicomponent exercise programme using rubber bands and stretching did not significantly reduce the prevalence or symptoms of overuse throwing shoulder injury in handball athletes of both sexes. Randomised controlled study; level of evidence I. Trial registration number ISRCTN99023492.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Achenbach
- Department of Orthopedics, König-Ludwig-Haus, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gunnar Huppertz
- Center for Clinical Studies, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Florian Zeman
- Center for Clinical Studies, University Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Weber
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Maximilian Rudert
- Department of Orthopedics, König-Ludwig-Haus, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Werner Krutsch
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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10
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Swart JJW, Olivier B. Effectiveness of exercise interventions to prevent shoulder injuries in athletes: a systematic review protocol. JBI Evid Synth 2021; 19:2847-2856. [PMID: 34054035 DOI: 10.11124/jbies-20-00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review will evaluate the effectiveness of exercise intervention versus no intervention or alternate intervention to prevent shoulder injuries in athletes. INTRODUCTION Injury-prevention research has proven the effectiveness of exercise in preventing sports injuries in general and in the lower limb specifically. However, the results have been extrapolated to sport-related shoulder injuries from limited evidence. Similar reviews have been faced with insufficient high-quality evidence and limited studies due to restrictive target populations, resulting in reduced generalizability. INCLUSION CRITERIA Peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials, with adequate control arms, investigating shoulder-injury events after exercise intervention in athletes, both training or competing in sports, will be included. Studies with substitute end points for injury events and non-self-propelled athletes, or vehicle-assisted athletes, will be excluded. METHODS A comprehensive search of multiple databases will be used to find relevant studies. The databases will be searched from inception to April 2021, with no language restrictions imposed. Keywords and derivatives of "sport," "exercise intervention," "prevention," "shoulder injury," and "randomized controlled trials" will be used.Sources will include Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), CINAHL Plus (EBSCO), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Wiley), MasterFILE Premier (EBSCO), MEDLINE (PubMed), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), ProQuest Health and Medical Complete and Nursing and Allied Health Source (ProQuest Complete), ScienceDirect (Elsevier), Scopus (Elsevier), SPORTDiscus (EBSCO), and Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics). Data appraisal, extraction, and synthesis will follow JBI guidance for systematic reviews of effectiveness. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42020204141.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Jacobus Wessel Swart
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Benita Olivier
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,The Wits-JBI Centre for Evidenced-Based Practice: A JBI Affiliated Group, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Wright AA, Ness BM, Donaldson M, Hegedus EJ, Salamh P, Cleland JA. Effectiveness of shoulder injury prevention programs in an overhead athletic population: A systematic review. Phys Ther Sport 2021; 52:189-193. [PMID: 34560586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the effectiveness of shoulder injury prevention programs in overhead athletes. DESIGN Systematic Review. METHODS CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, and SPORTDiscus electronic databases were searched from database inception through December 2020 for randomized controlled or prospective cohort studies that implemented shoulder injury prevention programs in overhead athletes and reported shoulder injury incidence rates. RESULTS Seven studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Two studies reported on odds ratios (OR) that resulted in a reduction of shoulder injuries in overhead athletes following shoulder strengthening and flexibility exercises (OR, 0.72; 95% CI; 0.52, 0.98; OR, 0.22; 95% CI; 0.06, 0.75). One study reported on hazard ratio (HR) that resulted in a reduction of shoulder injuries following stretching of the posterior capsule (HR, 0.36; 95% CI; 0.13, 0.95). CONCLUSION There is limited research surrounding the effectiveness of shoulder injury prevention programs in overhead athletes specific to injury reduction. Only three studies reported a favorable effect in terms of injury prevention, with only one study at low risk of bias. At present, no conclusions can be made regarding the effectiveness of shoulder injury prevention programs in the overhead athlete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis A Wright
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| | - Brandon M Ness
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Megan Donaldson
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Eric J Hegedus
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Paul Salamh
- Krannert School of Physical Therapy, University of Indianapolis, 1400 East Hanna Ave, Indianapolis, IN, 46227, USA
| | - Joshua A Cleland
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
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No Added Benefit of 8 Weeks of Shoulder External Rotation Strength Training for Youth Handball Players Over Usual Handball Training Alone: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021; 51:174-187. [PMID: 33789429 DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2021.9957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of a short (5-10 minutes) shoulder external rotation (ER) strength program, using elastic bands, in adolescent handball players. DESIGN Randomized controlled trial. METHODS The sample included 6 adolescent handball teams (3 female, 3 male) with a total of 92 players and a mean age of 16.6 years. Players were randomized within teams to an intervention group, which completed a shoulder ER strengthening program of 2 exercises performed 3 times per week after handball training for 8 weeks, or a control group of no treatment. The primary outcome was the between-group difference in shoulder ER strength change, measured as isometric strength using a handheld dynamometer from preintervention to postintervention (8 weeks). Secondary outcomes were between-group differences in internal rotation (IR) strength and the ER/IR strength ratio from preintervention to postintervention. RESULTS The estimated between-group difference in dominant-shoulder ER strength was 0.06 N/kg (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.01, 0.14) in favor of the intervention group. The estimated between-group differences in the ER/IR ratio and IR strength were 0.03 (95% CI: -0.02, 0.08) and 0.02 (95% CI: -0.08, 0.13), respectively. CONCLUSION The ER strength program improved neither the ER strength nor the ER:IR ratio. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021;51(4):174-187. doi:10.2519/jospt.2021.9957.
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Raya-González J, Clemente FM, Beato M, Castillo D. Injury Profile of Male and Female Senior and Youth Handball Players: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17113925. [PMID: 32492922 PMCID: PMC7312653 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Handball is a team sport in which players are exposed to high physical conditioning requirements and several contacts and collisions, so they must face various musculoskeletal injuries throughout their career. The aim of this study was to summarize the characteristics of handball injuries both in training and in competition contexts, differentiating by gender and age. A systematic review was conducted and a total of 15 studies (33 cohorts) met the inclusion criteria. Higher injury incidence was reported during matches compared to training sessions in all groups (i.e., male and female senior and youth players), with male senior players presenting the greatest values. Lower extremities were more frequently injured, being contusions and sprains the most common type of injuries. Females reported more serious injuries than males, who presented a higher percentage of acute injuries caused by direct contact, while in female players these injuries were not caused by direct contact actions. Wings and backs presented the highest injury incidence; additionally, players registered higher match incidence during international championships compared to national leagues. Due to the differences in the injury profile of handball players, specific preventive strategies should be implemented for each group to optimize the injury prevention process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal;
| | - Marco Beato
- School of Health and Sports Science, University of Suffolk, Ipswich IP4 1QJ, UK;
| | - Daniel Castillo
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Isabel I, 09001 Burgos, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-947671731
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