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Dragone M, Bacchini D, Esposito C, Affuso G, De Angelis G, Stasolla F, De Luca Picione R. A Four-Wave Cross-Lagged Study of Exposure to Violent Contexts, Cognitive Distortions, and School Bullying during Adolescence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:883. [PMID: 39063460 PMCID: PMC11277227 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21070883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
School bullying represents a widespread expression of violence in the peer context. Guided by the social-ecological model, this study investigated the longitudinal and transactional pathways linking domestic and neighborhood/community violence exposure (through direct victimization and witnessing), self-serving cognitive distortions (CDs), and school bullying perpetration. Furthermore, consistent with the previous literature, we tested the cognitive desensitization process that could develop in response to chronically violent contexts. Two four-wave cross-lagged panel mediation models were tested in a sample of 778 high school students (28.1% males; Mage [Time 1; T1] = 14.20, SD = 0.58). The results showed differential effects of multiple contexts and forms of violence exposure, with domestic violence victimization and community violence witnessing being associated with self-serving CDs and bullying perpetration over time. Moreover, significant associations between CDs and bullying perpetration over time were found, with bidirectional effects for each of these longitudinal patterns. Finally, self-serving CDs significantly mediated the relationships between both domestic violence victimization and community violence witnessing and school bullying perpetration. These findings highlight the need to consider school bullying as a social phenomenon stemming from a complex and bidirectional interplay between individuals and the environments they inhabit, confirming a basic postulate that "violence breeds violence".
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella Dragone
- Faculty of Law, Giustino Fortunato University, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (M.D.); (F.S.); (R.D.L.P.)
| | - Dario Bacchini
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80133 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Concetta Esposito
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80133 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Gaetana Affuso
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
| | - Grazia De Angelis
- Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Pegaso University, 80143 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Stasolla
- Faculty of Law, Giustino Fortunato University, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (M.D.); (F.S.); (R.D.L.P.)
| | - Raffaele De Luca Picione
- Faculty of Law, Giustino Fortunato University, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (M.D.); (F.S.); (R.D.L.P.)
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Gubbels J, Assink M, van der Put CE. Protective Factors for Antisocial Behavior in Youth: What is the Meta-Analytic Evidence? J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:233-257. [PMID: 37794287 PMCID: PMC10764587 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01878-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Although both risk and protective factors are important components of etiological theories for antisocial behavior, far less is known about protective factors and their impact. This review summarized primary studies on the impact of different protective factors for antisocial behavior in youth. In total, 305 studies reporting on 1850 potentially protective factors were included. Each extracted factor was first classified into one of 77 mutually exclusive groups of similar factors (referred to as domains), after which a three-level meta-analysis was conducted to determine the protective effect of each domain. A significant and negative effect was found for 50 domains, which were therefore designated as being truly protective. The largest impact (r < -0.20) was found for higher levels of conservativeness, self-transcendence, life satisfaction, involvement in romantic relationships, the capacity to reflect or mentalize, peer relationships quality, prosocial peers, prosocial values, agreeableness, school self-esteem, parental control, general resilience, and social skills. Analyses revealed that the impact of some of the 77 domains was moderated by the youth's age (five domains) and gender (four domains) as well as the severity of antisocial behavior they exhibit (two domains), indicating that the impact of these domains differs across subgroups of antisocial youth. Given the substantial number of factors that were identified as being protective for antisocial behavior in youth, this study discusses implications for future directions, assessment strategies, and (preventive) interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Gubbels
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 127, 1018 WS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Mark Assink
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 127, 1018 WS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia E van der Put
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 127, 1018 WS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Do personal values have an effect on self-esteem in middle childhood? PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2022.111861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Xie JQ, Yin XQ, Qiu J, Yang J, Huang YY, Li M, Chen K, Xiong JR. Latent profile analysis of personal values among Chinese college students: associations with mental health disorders and life satisfaction. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-13. [PMID: 36277265 PMCID: PMC9575634 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03861-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Interindividual differences in personal values are prevalent both within and across societies. Interindividual differences in personal value and the relationships with mental health disorders and life satisfaction remain to be holistically considered, especially in China. The present study aims to characterize personal value profiles based on Schwartz's theory model and to examine differences in several mental health-related disorders and life satisfaction potentially across these profiles. Using convenience sampling, a sample of 8,540 Chinese college students (Mage = 18.89, SDage = 2.02, 57.7% male) from three universities completed a questionnaire assessing personal values, internalizing problems, externalizing problems, substance disorders, crime/violence, and life satisfaction. The latent profile analysis identified five personal value profiles, which were labelled as traditional social orientation, open personal orientation, open social orientation, moderate traditional social orientation, and average. Chinese college students in the three social orientation profiles reported low mental health disorders and high life satisfaction. In contrast, students in the personal orientation profile reported high mental health disorders and low life satisfaction. The results indicate the heterogeneity of Chinese college students' personal values and the positive relationship of social-oriented values with mental health and life satisfaction in collectivist cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qiong Xie
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044 China
| | - Xue-Qin Yin
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- School of Literature and Journalism, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067 China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Southwest University Branch, Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality at Beijing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044 China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Huang
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044 China
| | - Mei Li
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044 China
| | - Ke Chen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044 China
| | - Jian-Ru Xiong
- Department of Student Affairs, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044 China
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Abstract
Values play an outsized role in the visions, critiques, and discussions of politics, religion, education, and family life. Despite all the attention values receive in everyday discourse, their systematic study took hold in mainstream psychology only in the 1990s. This review discusses the nature of values and presents the main contemporary value theories, focusing on the theory of basic personal values. We review evidence for the content and the structure of conflict and compatibility among values found across cultures. We discuss the assumptions underlying the many instruments developed to measure values. We then consider the origins of value priorities and their stability or change over time. The remainder of the review presents the evidence for the ways personal values relate to personality traits, subjective well-being, and the implications of value differences for religiosity, prejudice, pro- and antisocial behavior, political and environmental behavior, and creativity, concluding with a discussion of mechanisms that link values to behavior. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Psychology, Volume 73 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilach Sagiv
- Jerusalem Business School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91905, Israel
| | - Shalom H Schwartz
- Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91905, Israel
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Danioni F, Ranieri S, Villani D. The Role of Personal Values in Gambling: A Preliminary Study with Italian Adolescents. The Journal of Genetic Psychology 2020; 181:413-426. [PMID: 32643594 DOI: 10.1080/00221325.2020.1790491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Values have been defined as trans-situational goals that serve as guiding principles in people's life to select modes, means, and actions. Despite values being relevant predictors of behaviors, their role in shaping adolescents' gambling ones has been under investigated. Specifically, the present study aimed at exploring whether and which values may be protective or risk factors for gambling behaviors, this also considering gender differences. Respondents were 237 adolescents (aged from 14 to 19; 58.2% female), recruited from three Italian high schools, who were asked to fill in a self-report and anonymous online questionnaire investigating their values and gambling behaviors. Specifically, the Portrait Values Questionnaire and the South Oaks Gambling Screen: Revised for Adolescents were used. Results showed that males were keener to adopt more frequently gambling behaviors, this also being more problematic, compared to their female counterparts. Despite conservation and openness to change values seem not to influence gambling behaviors, self-transcendence and self-enhancement values respectively negatively and positively predict gambling problems. More interestingly, self-transcendence values seem to work better as protective factors toward the severity of this risk behavior especially for the male subsample. Implications for preventive and promotional interventions with adolescents are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Danioni
- Family Studies and Research University Centre, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sonia Ranieri
- Family Studies and Research University Centre, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Piacenza and Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Villani
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Esposito C, Affuso G, Miranda MC, Bacchini D. A new dimensional measure of antisocial behaviour evaluation (ASBE). EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/17405629.2020.1785858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Esposito
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gaetana Affuso
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Miranda
- Department of Adolescence Psychopathology, Local Health Authority (ASL) Napoli 2 Nord, Napoli,Italy
| | - Dario Bacchini
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
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Dragone M, Esposito C, De Angelis G, Affuso G, Bacchini D. Pathways Linking Exposure to Community Violence, Self-serving Cognitive Distortions and School Bullying Perpetration: A Three-Wave Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 17:E188. [PMID: 31888112 PMCID: PMC6981769 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
School bullying is a social phenomenon stemming from a complex interrelationship between the individuals and their environments. Underpinned by the social-ecological models, this study investigated the mediation of self-serving cognitive distortions (CDs) in the relationship between community violence exposure, as a victim and as a witness, and bullying perpetration. Bidirectional associations between violence exposure and bullying perpetration, and between CDs and bullying perpetration over time were also hypothesized. The study used a three-waves cross-lagged panel modeling in a sample of 829 Italian high school adolescents (46% males; Mage [Time 1; T1] = 12.71; Standard deviation [SD] = 1.68). The results showed that being exposed to community violence as a witness at T1 increased the development of CDs at Time 2 (T2), which in turn promoted the bullying perpetration at Time 3 (T3). Being exposed to community violence as a victim was not a significant predictor of CDs and bullying perpetration over time. Bidirectional associations were found between witnessing violence and bullying perpetration, and between CDs and bullying perpetration. The association between community violence exposure and individual moral cognitions over time plays a crucial role in predicting bullying perpetration. These findings highlight the need to consider both contextual and individual factors in understanding and preventing bullying perpetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella Dragone
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (C.E.); (D.B.)
| | - Concetta Esposito
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (C.E.); (D.B.)
| | - Grazia De Angelis
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (G.D.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Gaetana Affuso
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (G.D.A.); (G.A.)
| | - Dario Bacchini
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (C.E.); (D.B.)
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Benish‐Weisman M. What Can We Learn About Aggression From What Adolescents Consider Important in Life? The Contribution of Values Theory to Aggression Research. CHILD DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/cdep.12344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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