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Kim J, Shin JY, Choi YH, Joo JH, Kwack MH, Sung YK, Kang NG. Hair Thickness Growth Effect of Adenosine Complex in Male-/Female-Patterned Hair Loss via Inhibition of Androgen Receptor Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6534. [PMID: 38928239 PMCID: PMC11204140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging (senescence) is an unavoidable biological process that results in visible manifestations in all cutaneous tissues, including scalp skin and hair follicles. Previously, we evaluated the molecular function of adenosine in promoting alopecia treatment in vitro. To elucidate the differences in the molecular mechanisms between minoxidil (MNX) and adenosine, gene expression changes in dermal papilla cells were examined. The androgen receptor (AR) pathway was identified as a candidate target of adenosine for hair growth, and the anti-androgenic activity of adenosine was examined in vitro. In addition, ex vivo examination of human hair follicle organ cultures revealed that adenosine potently elongated the anagen stage. According to the severity of alopecia, the ratio of the two peaks (terminal hair area/vellus hair area) decreased continuously. We further investigated the adenosine hair growth promoting effect in vivo to examine the hair thickness growth effects of topical 5% MNX and the adenosine complex (0.75% adenosine, 1% penthenol, and 2% niacinamide; APN) in vivo. After 4 months of administration, both the MNX and APN group showed significant increases in hair density (MNX + 5.01% (p < 0.01), APN + 6.20% (p < 0.001)) and thickness (MNX + 5.14% (p < 0.001), APN + 10.32% (p < 0.001)). The inhibition of AR signaling via adenosine could have contributed to hair thickness growth. We suggest that the anti-androgenic effect of adenosine, along with the evaluation of hair thickness distribution, could help us to understand hair physiology and to investigate new approaches for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyoon Kim
- LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H) R&D Center, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07795, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (J.y.S.); (Y.-H.C.); (J.H.J.)
| | - Jae young Shin
- LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H) R&D Center, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07795, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (J.y.S.); (Y.-H.C.); (J.H.J.)
| | - Yun-Ho Choi
- LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H) R&D Center, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07795, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (J.y.S.); (Y.-H.C.); (J.H.J.)
| | - Jang Ho Joo
- LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H) R&D Center, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07795, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (J.y.S.); (Y.-H.C.); (J.H.J.)
| | - Mi Hee Kwack
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; (M.H.K.); (Y.K.S.)
| | - Young Kwan Sung
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; (M.H.K.); (Y.K.S.)
| | - Nae Gyu Kang
- LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H) R&D Center, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07795, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (J.y.S.); (Y.-H.C.); (J.H.J.)
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Goh CF. Diversity of Asian skin: A review on skin biophysical properties. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e14959. [PMID: 37864434 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Asian is home to dozens of different ethnic groups that are characterised by fascinating social and cultural variations. Unfortunately, existing literature on the skin properties of Asians tends to group this diverse population solely based on skin colour, perpetuating the misconception and stereotype that all Asian skin is the same. While Asia is one of the largest continents in the world, the difference in the geographical location and climate have long shaped the population into various ethnic groups with significant differences in the collective and diverse customs, traditions, cultures and living habits. The diverse ethnic groups in this region hint us that their skin biophysical characteristics can be very different from each other. This review features the profiling of the distinctive skin biophysical properties of Asians. We learn more about the different ethnic groups in Asia and acknowledge the unique skin biophysical properties even from the same country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon Fu Goh
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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Kim YJ, Lee JO, Kim SY, Lee JM, Lee E, Na J, Yoo KH, Park SJ, Kim BJ. Effect of A. polygama APEE (Actinidia polygama ethanol extract) or APWE (Actinidia polygama water extract) on wrinkle formation in UVB-irradiated hairless mice. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:311-319. [PMID: 35302698 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Actinidia polygama (silver vine) is considered a medical plant which has been used in oriental medicine. It has been used for the treatment of pain, gout, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammation. Few studies reported on the effect of Actinidia polygama (silver vine) on skin photoaging. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the anti-photoaging effect of the ethanol and water extracts of A. polygama (APEE and APWE, respectively) in UVB-irradiated hairless mice. METHODS SKH-1 hairless mice were exposed to UVB irradiation (30-60 mJ/cm2 ), following orally APEE or APWE oral administration for 10 weeks. We examined the effect on winkle improvement by a measuring Fullscope, PRIMOS, Craniometer, and Cutometer. Furthermore, we analyzed histological changes in mouse dorsal skin through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome (MT) staining. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase (1, 3, and 9) was analyzed by immunoblotting. RESULTS Oral administration of APEE or APWE at 100 or 200 mg/kg in UVB-irradiated mice alleviated the symptoms of skin aging, such as wrinkling, epidermal hyperplasia, and water loss. In addition, the APEE or APWE oral administration increased skin elasticity by enhancing the production of type I collagen, elastin, and hyaluronic acid synthase and downregulating matrix metalloproteinase (1, 3, and 9) expression. CONCLUSION Based on results for our study, APEE or APWE could protect the UVB-mediated skin wrinkle and is new target for the developing anti-wrinkle cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Kim
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, R&D Center, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Ok Lee
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su-Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Min Lee
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, R&D Center, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Esther Lee
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungtae Na
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Yoo
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medicine, R&D Center, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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4
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Amano S, Yoshikawa T, Ito C, Mabuchi I, Kikuchi K, Ooguri M, Yasuda C. Prediction and association analyses of skin phenotypes in Japanese females using genetic, environmental, and physical features. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13231. [PMID: 36437544 PMCID: PMC9838785 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin characteristics show great variation from person to person and are affected by multiple factors, including genetic, environmental, and physical factors, but details of the involvement and contributions of these factors remain unclear. OBJECTIVES We aimed to characterize genetic, environmental, and physical factors affecting 16 skin features by developing models to predict personal skin characteristics. METHODS We analyzed the associations of skin phenotypes with genetic, environmental, and physical features in 1472 Japanese females aged 20-80 years. We focused on 16 skin characteristics, including melanin, brightness/lightness, yellowness, pigmented spots, wrinkles, resilience, moisture, barrier function, texture, and sebum amount. As genetic factors, we selected 74 single-nucleotide polymorphisms of genes related to skin color, vitamin level, hormones, circulation, extracellular matrix (ECM) components and ECM-degrading enzymes, inflammation, and antioxidants. Histories of ultraviolet (UV) exposure and smoking as environmental factors and age, height, and weight as physical factors were acquired by means of a questionnaire. RESULTS A linear association with age was prominent for increase in the area of crow's feet, increase in number of pigmented spots, decrease in forehead sebum, and increase in VISIA wrinkle parameters. Associations were analyzed by constructing linear regression models for skin feature changes and logistic regression models to predict whether subjects show lower or higher skin measurement values in the same age groups. Multiple genetic factors, history of UV exposure and smoking, and body mass index were statistically selected for each skin characteristic. The most important association found for skin spots, such as lentigines and wrinkles, was adolescent sun exposure. CONCLUSION Genetic, environmental, and physical factors associated with interindividual differences of the selected skin features were identified. The developed models should be useful to predict the skin characteristics of individuals and their age-related changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Amano
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yoshikawa
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Chiaki Ito
- DYNACOM Co. Ltd., World Business Garden, Mihama-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ikumi Mabuchi
- DYNACOM Co. Ltd., World Business Garden, Mihama-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kumiko Kikuchi
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Motoki Ooguri
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Chie Yasuda
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Di Lorenzo R, Grumetto L, Sacchi A, Laneri S, Dini I. Dermocosmetic evaluation of a nutricosmetic formulation based on Curcuma. Phytother Res 2022; 37:1900-1910. [PMID: 36510399 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous and exogenous factors can alter the skin layer and appearance, determining skin aging. The extracts and isolated molecules from food matrixes can be used to formulate "healthy" antiaging cosmetics. Two different cosmetic approaches can be used to achieve the antiaging effect. It is possible to use topical products based on food extract (cosmeceutical approach) or take a food supplement and apply a topical cosmetic product based on food extract on the surface to be treated (nutricosmetic approach). This work evaluated in vivo the antiaging potential of a nutricosmetic formulation (cream + food supplement) and a cosmeceutical cream based on Curcuma. The choice of the commercial Curcuma extract to be used for experimental purposes was based on the curcuminoid content determined by an HPLC test. Curcuminoids are the bioactive compounds responsible for Curcuma's antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties. Their levels in Curcuma extracts vary according to the storage condition, variety, and pedoclimatic cultivation conditions. The Tewameter® TM300 was used to evaluate the Trans Epidermal Water Loss (TEWL), the Corneometer® CM 825 to determine the moisturizing effect, the Cutometer® to estimate the skin firmness and elasticity, the Dermascan to assess the collagen index, and the Visioface® 1000D to evaluate the wrinkles. The nutricosmetic product showed potential as moisturizing, anti-age, and anti-wrinkle action better than the cosmeceutical product alone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucia Grumetto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonia Sacchi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sonia Laneri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Irene Dini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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6
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Obaíd ML, Carvajal F, Camacho JP, Corrales-Orovio R, Martorell X, Varas J, Calderón W, Guzmán CD, Brenet M, Castro M, Orlandi C, San Martín S, Eblen-Zajjur A, Egaña JT. Case report: Long-term follow-up of a large full-thickness skin defect treated with a photosynthetic scaffold for dermal regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1004155. [DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1004155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
It is broadly described that almost every step of the regeneration process requires proper levels of oxygen supply; however, due to the vascular disruption in wounds, oxygen availability is reduced, being detrimental to the regeneration process. Therefore, the development of novel biomaterials combined with improved clinical procedures to promote wound oxygenation is an active field of research in regenerative medicine. This case report derives from a cohort of patients enrolled in a previously published ongoing phase I clinical trial (NCT03960164), to assess safety of photosynthetic scaffolds for the treatment of full skin defects. Here, we present a 56 year old patient, with a scar contracture in the cubital fossa, which impaired the elbow extension significantly affecting her quality of life. As part of the treatment, the scar contracture was removed, and the full-thickness wound generated was surgically covered with a photosynthetic scaffold for dermal regeneration, which was illuminated to promote local oxygen production. Then, in a second procedure, an autograft was implanted on top of the scaffold and the patient’s progress was followed for up to 17 months. Successful outcome of the whole procedure was measured as improvement in functionality, clinical appearance, and self-perception of the treated area. This case report underscores the long-term safety and applicability of photosynthetic scaffolds for dermal regeneration and their stable compatibility with other surgical procedures such as autograft application. Moreover, this report also shows the ability to further improve the clinical outcome of this procedure by means of dermal vacuum massage therapy and, more importantly, shows an overall long-term improvement in patient´s quality of life, supporting the translation of photosynthetic therapies into human patients.
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7
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Gutierrez-Ontalvilla P, Giner F, Vidal L, Iborra M. The Effect of Lipofilling and Platelet-Rich Plasma on Patients with Moderate-Severe Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus who were Non-Responders to Topical Clobetasol Propionate: A Randomized Pilot Study. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2022; 46:2469-2479. [PMID: 35048150 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-021-02718-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first-line treatment for vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is 3 months of topical corticosteroid therapy. However, limited evidence is available concerning the use of fat grafting and platelet-rich plasma as a second-line treatment for patients who do not respond to first-line treatment. METHODS This prospective single-center randomized pilot trial included 20 patients with a clinical and histological diagnosis of moderate to severe VLS. The patients in the treatment group (TG) received two infiltrations (at 3-month intervals) of nanofat mixed with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) into the vulvar area, while the control group (CG) received standard topical corticosteroid therapy. Fat was aspirated from the medial thigh or lower abdomen regions. Microfat was obtained after centrifugation and was emulsified to obtain a nanofat suspension. Treatment efficacy was determined by measuring changes in the vulvar skin elasticity, histopathology, and clinical signs, symptoms, and patient quality of life at after 1 year. RESULTS A total of 19 patients were finally assessed (9 TG and 10 CG). At the end of the study (1 year), there had been no significant improvement in vulvar skin elasticity. However, patients in the TG showed a significant improvement in their symptoms (itching, pain, burning, and dyspareunia) and clinical signs (cervical erosions, fissures, stenosis, and leukoderma). Analysis of skin biopsies revealed a significant decrease in all inflammatory cell types in the TG. No adverse events related to the autologous treatment were recorded. CONCLUSIONS Compared with topical corticosteroids, two infiltrations delivered 3 months apart decreased the inflammation of the vulva and improved most of the clinical signs and symptoms associated with VLS. Nonetheless, no improvement in vulvar skin elasticity was derived from the autologous treatment. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE I This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gutierrez-Ontalvilla
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital University La Fe, Avda Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
| | - F Giner
- Department of Histology, Hospital University La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - L Vidal
- Fidia Farmacéutica S.L.U, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Iborra
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Unit of inflammatory bowel disease, Hospital University La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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Abbas DB, Lavin CV, Fahy EJ, Griffin M, Guardino N, King M, Chen K, Lorenz PH, Gurtner GC, Longaker MT, Momeni A, Wan DC. Standardizing Dimensionless Cutometer Parameters to Determine In Vivo Elasticity of Human Skin. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2022; 11:297-310. [PMID: 34470542 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2021.0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Skin fibrosis places an enormous burden on patients and society, but disagreement exists over methods to quantify severity of skin scarring. A suction cutometer measures skin elasticity in vivo, but it has not been widely adopted because of inconsistency in data produced. We investigated variability of several dimensionless parameters generated by the cutometer to improve their precision and accuracy. Approach: Twenty adult human subjects underwent suction cutometer measurement of normal skin (NS) and fibrotic scars (FS). Using Mode 1, each subject underwent five trials with each trial containing four curves. R0/2/5/6/7 and Q1/2/3 data were collected. Analyses were performed on these calculated parameters. Results: R0/2/5/6/7 and Q1/2 parameters from curves 1 to 4 demonstrated significant differences, whereas these same parameters were not significantly different when only using curves 2-4. Individual analysis of all parameters between curve 1 and every subsequent curve was statistically significant for R0, R2, R5, R6, R7, Q1, and Q2. No differences were appreciated for parameter Q3. Comparison between NS and FS were significantly different for parameters R5, Q1, and Q3. Innovation: Our study is the first demonstration of accurate comparison between NS and FS using the dimensionless parameters of a suction cutometer. Conclusions: Measured parameters from the first curve of each trial were significantly different from subsequent curves for both NS and FS. Precision and reproducibility of data from dimensionless parameters can therefore be improved by removing the first curve. R5, Q1, and Q3 parameters differentiated NS as more elastic than FS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren B. Abbas
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Christopher V. Lavin
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Evan J. Fahy
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Michelle Griffin
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Nicholas Guardino
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Megan King
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kellen Chen
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - P. Hermann Lorenz
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Geoffrey C. Gurtner
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Michael T. Longaker
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Arash Momeni
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Derrick C. Wan
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical scales are useful to assess skin laxity in different areas of the body. OBJECTIVE To elaborate and validate a photonumeric scale to assess buttocks skin laxity. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Buttocks' Skin Laxity Severity Scale (SLSS) was developed based on a sample of 120 patients. The SLSS validity and reliability were assessed in 2 validation cycles, performed by 8 dermatologists assessing 50 clinical cases. Both criteria and construct validity were tested. RESULTS The Buttocks' SLSS is composed by 5 clinical aspects of skin laxity graded from absent (0) to severe (3): buttocks ptosis, skin scalloped appearance, infragluteal fold, localized fat on the lower third of the buttocks, and linear depressed lesions. Final skin laxity classification results from the sum of each item grade multiplied by its weight and varies from 0 to 24. Overall, Kendall, weighted kappa, and intraclass correlation coefficients indicated very good reliability and consistent interrater and intrarater agreement (p < .001). Cronbach alpha of 0.82 indicates high scale reliability. The scale validity was confirmed by criteria validity tests (rs: 0.72, p < .05). CONCLUSION Buttocks' SLSS is a reliable and valid scale to identify skin laxity severity and its different features, and it is an accurate tool for clinical research.
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Rosicka K, Mierzejewska-Krzyżowska B, Mrówczyński W. Skin biomechanical and viscoelastic properties measured with MyotonPRO in different areas of human body. Skin Res Technol 2021; 28:236-245. [PMID: 34751466 PMCID: PMC9907614 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is still a lack of clinically practical device, which allows to perform rapid and accurate examination of the skin condition. For this reason, suitability of the MyotonPRO for the assessment of skin biomechanical and viscoelastic parameters was evaluated in this study. The aim of the study was to establish the reference values of five parameters measured by MyotonPRO various locations of human skin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Oscillation frequency, dynamic stiffness, logarithmic decrement, mechanical stress relaxation and creep were measured at three different skin locations (clavicula, volar forearm and shin), using L-shape short and medium arm probes in 32 young female volunteers. Mean values of obtained parameters recorded by both probes were compared among three skin locations while reliabilities of measurements were assessed. Additionally, relationships between all recorded parameters were examined RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between the mean values of five measured parameters obtained with both probes in all investigated areas. However, statistically significant differences of mean values of almost all parameters measured among three places examined were found. Despite considerable differences in mean values of obtained parameters, there were visible strong correlations between some studied parameters in all three investigated areas of skin. CONCLUSION It was demonstrated in all locations studied that the higher value of oscillation frequency corresponds to the higher value of dynamic stiffness, moreover such tissue recovers faster to its initial shape, and it was characterized by lower creep values. Such results indicate the existence of identical relationships between the same studied parameters in different areas of skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Rosicka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Physical Culture, Poznań University of Physical Education, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland
| | - Barbara Mierzejewska-Krzyżowska
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Physical Culture, Poznań University of Physical Education, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Mrówczyński
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
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11
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Langeveld M, van de Lande LS, O' Sullivan E, van der Lei B, van Dongen JA. Skin measurement devices to assess skin quality: A systematic review on reliability and validity. Skin Res Technol 2021; 28:212-224. [PMID: 34751474 PMCID: PMC9299221 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Many treatments aim to slow down or reverse the visible signs of skin aging and thereby improve skin quality. Measurement devices are frequently employed to measure the effects of these treatments to improve skin quality, for example, skin elasticity, color, and texture. However, it remains unknown which of these devices is most reliable and valid. Materials and methods MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched. Instruments were scored on reporting construct validity by means of convergent validity, interobserver, intraobserver, and interinstrument reliability. Results For the evaluation of skin color, 11 studies were included describing 16 measurement devices, analyzing 3172 subjects. The most reliable device for skin color assessment is the Minolta Chromameter CR‐300 due to good interobserver, intraobserver, and interinstrument reliability. For skin elasticity, seven studies assessed nine types of devices analyzing 290 subjects in total. No intra and interobserver reliability was reported. Skin texture was assessed in two studies evaluating 72 subjects using three different types of measurement devices. The PRIMOS device reported excellent intra and interobserver reliability. None of the included reviewed devices could be determined to be valid based on construct validity. Conclusion The most reliable devices to evaluate skin color and texture in ordinary skin were, respectively, the Minolta Chromameter and PRIMOS. No reliable device is available to measure skin elasticity in ordinary skin and none of the included devices could be determined to be designated as valid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirte Langeveld
- Medical Faculty, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lara S van de Lande
- Craniofacial Unit Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children and UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Eimear O' Sullivan
- Craniofacial Unit Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children and UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Berend van der Lei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Joris A van Dongen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Rosicka K, Hill M, Wdowski MM. Skin anisotropy: Finding the optimal incision line for volar forearm in males and females. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 124:104805. [PMID: 34474321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Proper understanding of skin biomechanics, viscoelasticity and investigation of skin tension vectors is necessary to find optimal incision lines. Great tension across a healing wound after any surgical procedure might lead to forming hypertrophic scars. The aim of the study was to investigate tension lines in volar forearm skin in young males and females, in order to ensure best incision line. METHODS Five biomechanical and viscoelastic parameters were measured using a hand-held myotonometer: Oscillation Frequency [Hz], Dynamic Stiffness [N/m], Logarithmic Decrement of tissue's natural oscillation, Mechanical Stress Relaxation Time [ms], and Creep. Measurements were taken in four different directions; Along Forearm, Across Forearm, Along Langer's Line and Across Langer's Line. RESULTS Significant main effects for direction were found for Oscillation Frequency (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.371) [Hz], Dynamic Stiffness (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.522) [N/m], Logarithmic Decrement (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.083), Mechanical Stress Relaxation Time (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.494) [ms] and Creep (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.480). For each parameter except for logarithmic decrement results obtained Along Langers Line and Across Forearm were significantly different to Across Langers Line and Along Forearm (p < 0.001, d = -2.76 - 2.66). Significant main effects for sex were found for logarithmic decrement Along Forearm (p < 0.001, d = 1.698) and Across Langer's Line (p = 0.021, d = 1.697). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that optimal incision line for this age group in males and females could potentially be performed diagonally i.e. Across Langer's Line or parallel i.e. Along Forearm to forearm axis. These directions would provide the lowest tension across a healing wound and possibly minimalize the risk of hypertrophic scarring post incision.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rosicka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Physical Culture in Gorzów Wlkp., Poznań University of Physical Education, Gorzów Wlkp, Poland.
| | - M Hill
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Coventry University, United Kingdom
| | - M M Wdowski
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Coventry University, United Kingdom
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13
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Baumann L, Bernstein EF, Weiss AS, Bates D, Humphrey S, Silberberg M, Daniels R. Clinical Relevance of Elastin in the Structure and Function of Skin. Aesthet Surg J Open Forum 2021; 3:ojab019. [PMID: 34195612 PMCID: PMC8239663 DOI: 10.1093/asjof/ojab019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Elastin is the main component of elastic fibers, which provide stretch, recoil, and elasticity to the skin. Normal levels of elastic fiber production, organization, and integration with other cutaneous extracellular matrix proteins, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans are integral to maintaining healthy skin structure, function, and youthful appearance. Although elastin has very low turnover, its production decreases after individuals reach maturity and it is susceptible to damage from many factors. With advancing age and exposure to environmental insults, elastic fibers degrade. This degradation contributes to the loss of the skin's structural integrity; combined with subcutaneous fat loss, this results in looser, sagging skin, causing undesirable changes in appearance. The most dramatic changes occur in chronically sun-exposed skin, which displays sharply altered amounts and arrangements of cutaneous elastic fibers, decreased fine elastic fibers in the superficial dermis connecting to the epidermis, and replacement of the normal collagen-rich superficial dermis with abnormal clumps of solar elastosis material. Disruption of elastic fiber networks also leads to undesirable characteristics in wound healing, and the worsening structure and appearance of scars and stretch marks. Identifying ways to replenish elastin and elastic fibers should improve the skin's appearance, texture, resiliency, and wound-healing capabilities. However, few therapies are capable of repairing elastic fibers or substantially reorganizing the elastin/microfibril network. This review describes the clinical relevance of elastin in the context of the structure and function of healthy and aging skin, wound healing, and scars and introduces new approaches being developed to target elastin production and elastic fiber formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Baumann
- Corresponding Author: Dr Leslie Baumann, 4500 Biscayne Blvd., Miami, FL 33137, USA. E-mail:
| | | | - Anthony S Weiss
- Biochemistry and Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Shannon Humphrey
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | | | - Robert Daniels
- Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie Company, Gordon, NSW, Australia
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14
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Myoung J, Jeong ET, Kim M, Lim JM, Kang NG, Park SG. Validation of the elastic angle for quantitative and visible evaluation of skin elasticity in vivo. Skin Res Technol 2021; 27:1017-1022. [PMID: 34080757 PMCID: PMC9292868 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Reduction in skin elasticity due to aging causes skin sagging and wrinkles. Although there are various objective and reliable techniques for measuring skin elasticity, it is difficult to obtain a visual representation of skin elasticity with them. Therefore, we developed a novel device, the Swing anglemeter, and analyzed its effectiveness for measuring skin elasticity of the cheek. Materials and Methods Forty‐five healthy Korean women (age, 23‐60 years) participated. The Swing anglemeter works by dropping a rubber ball on a subject's cheek, which draws a curve as it collides with the cheek. After recording the movement of the ball using the slow‐motion function on a mobile phone, we defined the maximum angle at which the ball bounces off the skin as the elastic angle, using frame‐by‐frame video analysis. Changes in the elastic angle were assessed according to age, and correlation with the Ballistometer® results (Dia‐stron Ltd., Andover, UK) was analyzed for validation. Results Elastic angles differed significantly (P < .001) according to age. A negative correlation was found between the elastic angle and age (r = −.799, P < .001). Compared with the Ballistometer® measurements, the elastic angle was negatively correlated with alpha (r = −.570, P < .001); it was positively correlated with the mean coefficient of restitution and area (r = .602, P < .001 and r = .535, P < .001, respectively). Conclusion The elastic angle is a useful parameter for reflecting skin elasticity, both quantitatively and visually. Our method can help subjects understand their skin elasticity status. Therefore, we expect the device will be utilized in various fields within the cosmetic industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mina Kim
- LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H), Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Man Lim
- LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H), Seoul, Korea
| | - Nae Gyu Kang
- LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H), Seoul, Korea
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15
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Fossa Shirata MM, Maia Campos PMBG. Sunscreens and Cosmetic Formulations Containing Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate and Rice Peptides for the Improvement of Skin Photoaging: A Double-blind, Randomized Placebo-controlled Clinical Study. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:805-815. [PMID: 33529350 DOI: 10.1111/php.13390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Photoprotective formulations containing substances with antioxidant properties in combination have been used as a strategy for the improvement of photoaged skin conditions. However, there is a lack of studies evaluating the clinical efficacy of these substances in young women with signs of photoaging. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of sunscreens and cosmetic formulations containing ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate and rice peptides for the improvement of skin photoaging in young women. A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled clinical efficacy study was conducted on 60 female subjects aged 20-30 years with skin changes related to photoaging and without photoprotective habits. The hydrolipidic layer conditions and structural and morphological characteristics of the skin were evaluated by biophysical and skin imaging techniques. The results showed that the daily use of the formulations under study improved the skin conditions by increasing skin hydration and dermis echogenicity. In addition, the application of the active substances reduced skin hyperpigmentation and increased epidermal cell renewal. In summary, the present study showed the importance of daily application of sunscreens and formulations with antioxidant properties for the prevention and attenuation of skin changes related to photoaging in young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Mendes Fossa Shirata
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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16
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Yang Z, Duan X, Wang X, Li D, Xu Q, Xiang S, Guo B, He L. The effect of Q-switched 1064-nm dymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser on the skin barrier and collagen synthesis through miR-24-3p. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:205-214. [PMID: 33400013 PMCID: PMC8803697 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03214-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Due to the increase of the world’s population aging, how to restore youthfulness to the skin has attracted much attention. It is well known that collagen synthesis and changes in skin barrier play an important role in the process of skin aging. However, whether Q-switched 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser (1064-QSNYL) determines the involvement of miRNAs in skin collagen synthesis and skin barrier changes remains to be elucidated. Upstream miRNAs of p38 molecular pathway have been predicted by bioinformatic database and the relationship between miRNAs and p38 verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene and Western blotting. RT-qPCR analysis detected the expression of miR-24-3p and mRNA for collagen and skin barrier–related molecules, such as keratin 10 (K10), filaggrin, and Aquaporin 4 (APQ4), in mice back skin and in the keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. Western blotting and immunofluorescence (IF) have been used to detect collagen expression and to localize, as well as quantify K10, filaggrin, and APQ4, respectively. In this study, we show that p38 is the main target gene of miRNA-24-3p, and laser irradiation at 1.5 J/cm2 inhibits miR-24-3p expression. Irradiation treatment upregulates the moisture, elasticity, hydroxyproline, and superoxide dismutase content of mice skin, as well as inhibits trans-epidermal water loss. Irradiation also increases collagen, K10, filaggrin, and APQ4 in both mice skin and HaCaT cells. Interestingly, we found that miR-24-3p overexpression inhibits the effect of irradiation on collagen synthesis and skin barrier. We show for the first time that 1064-QSNYL promotes collagen synthesis and protective effects on skin barrier by downregulating miR-24-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoxia Duan
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongqing Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunli Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Birun Guo
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li He
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Graham HK, McConnell JC, Limbert G, Sherratt MJ. How stiff is skin? Exp Dermatol 2020; 28 Suppl 1:4-9. [PMID: 30698873 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The measurement of the mechanical properties of skin (such as stiffness, extensibility and strength) is a key step in characterisation of both dermal ageing and disease mechanisms and in the assessment of tissue-engineered skin replacements. However, the biomechanical terminology and plethora of mathematical analysis approaches can be daunting to those outside the field. As a consequence, mechanical studies are often inaccessible to a significant proportion of the intended audience. Furthermore, devices for the measurement of skin function in vivo generate relative values rather than formal mechanical measures, therefore limiting the ability to compare studies. In this viewpoint essay, we discuss key biomechanical concepts and the influence of technical and biological factors (including the nature of the testing apparatus, length scale, donor age and anatomical site) on measured mechanical properties such as stiffness. Having discussed the current state-of-the-art in macro-mechanical and micromechanical measuring techniques and in mathematical and computational modelling methods, we then make suggestions as to how these approaches, in combination with 3D X-ray imaging and mechanics methods, may be adopted into a single strategy to characterise the mechanical behaviour of skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen K Graham
- Division of Musculoskeletal& Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - James C McConnell
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Georges Limbert
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology at Southampton (nCATS), Bioengineering Science Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Biomechanics and Mechanobiology Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Division, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Michael J Sherratt
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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18
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Rosicka K, Mierzejewska-Krzyżowska B, Mrówczyński W. Comparison of different MyotonPRO probes for skin stiffness evaluation in young women. Skin Res Technol 2020; 27:332-339. [PMID: 33078499 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stiffness of skin is widely used parameter in many research areas, for example cosmetic industry, dermatology or rheumatology for assessing of skin condition as well as changes occurring in skin. In this pioneering study, we conducted measurements of skin stiffness using MyotonPRO -novel tool, which was mainly used to evaluate biomechanical properties of muscles, ligaments and tendons. We expected that MyotonPRO , which shows great reproducibility in previous studies, will also be able to measure skin stiffness. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four replaceable probes designed by MyotonPRO (L-shape short and medium arm, standard cylindrical flat-end probe and the same standard probe with disc attachment ) were tested for measurement of skin stiffness in young women (30 healthy females) at three different locations (clavicula, volar forearm and shin). RESULTS There was no significant difference between stiffness values obtained with L-shape short and L-shape medium arm probes in all investigated areas. Stiffness values recorded by regular probe and regular probe with disc attachment differ significantly from those collected with L-shape probes. There was also significant difference between values of stiffness obtained by standard with disc attachment and standard probes. CONCLUSION Both L-shape probes show a great reliability for skin stiffness assessment. Therefore, MyotonPRO can be considered a reliable device for assessing skin stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Rosicka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Physical Culture in Gorzów Wlkp., Poznań University of Physical Education, Gorzów Wlkp., Poland
| | - Barbara Mierzejewska-Krzyżowska
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Physical Culture in Gorzów Wlkp., Poznań University of Physical Education, Gorzów Wlkp., Poland
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Sukhovei Y, Kostolomova E, Unger I, Koptyug A, Kaigorodov D. Difference between the biologic and chronologic age as an individualized indicator for the skin care intensity selection: skin topography and immune system state studies, parameter correlations with age difference. BIOMEDICAL DERMATOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s41702-019-0050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Present research addresses the issue of skin aging and corresponding skin treatment individualization. Particular research question was on the developing of simplified criterion supporting patient-specific decision on the necessity and intensity of skin treatment. Basing on the published results and a wide pool of experimental data, we have formulated a hypothesis that a difference between biologic and chronologic age can be used as an express criterion of skin aging.
Methods
In present paper, we report the results of studies with 80 volunteers between 15 and 65 years of age, linking parameters reflecting immune state, skin state, and topography to the difference between biologic and chronologic age. Facial skin topography, skin moisture, sebum level, and skin elasticity were studied using commercial devices. Blood immunology studies were performed using venous blood samples. Correlations between all measured parameters and age difference were calculated. Also, cross correlations between skin cell profile and blood immune profile parameters, and skin roughness parameters were calculated.
Results
Age dependencies of the blood immunological parameters on the biologic and chronologic age difference are less pronounced as compared to the changes in skin cell profile parameters. However, the changes in the tendencies when biologic age becomes equal to chronologic one are visible for all studied parameters.
All measured skin roughness parameters show correlations with age difference, but average skin roughness and depth of the deepest profile valley have the largest correlation coefficient values. Many of the measured skin cell profile and blood immunology parameters show strong correlations with average skin roughness and deepest profile valley, with some of the coefficients exceeding 0.5–0.6.
Conclusions
Basing on own experiments and published research results, it is possible to suggest using the difference between calculated biologic age and chronologic age as an individualized criterion supporting decisions on skin treatment strategy. Further research involving larger numbers of participants and aiming on optimizing the expressions for calculating biologic age could lead to reliable and easily available express criterion supporting the decision making for an individualized skin treatment.
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20
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Sukhovei Y, Kostolomova E, Unger I, Koptyug A, Kaigorodov D. Difference between the biologic and chronologic age as an individualized indicator for the skincare intensity selection: skin cell profile and age difference studies. BIOMEDICAL DERMATOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s41702-019-0051-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The present research addresses the issue of skin aging and corresponding skin treatment individualization. Particular research question was on the development of a simplified criterion supporting patient-specific decisions about the necessity and intensity of skin treatment. Basing on published results and a wide pool of our own experimental data, a hypothesis is formulated that a difference between biologic and chronologic age can be used as a powerful indicator of skin aging.
Methods
In the present paper, we report the results of studies with 80 volunteers between 15 and 65 years of age linking skin cell profile parameters to biologic and chronologic age. Biologic age was calculated using the empirical expressions based on the forced vital lung capacity, systolic blood pressure, urea concentration, and blood cholesterol level. Epidermis and derma cellular structures were studied using skin biopsy samples taken from the gluteal region.
Results
The present study supports the conclusion that biologic and chronologic age difference is changing in the progress of life. Our studies are showing that time point when calculated biologic age becomes equal to the chronologic one reflecting the onset of specific changes in the age dependencies of experimentally measured skin cell profile parameters. Thus, it is feasible that a difference between chronologic and individually assessed biologic age indeed reflects the process of skin aging.
Conclusions
With all reservations to the relatively small number of study participants, it seems feasible that a difference between biologic and chronologic age can be used as an indicator of skin aging. Additional research linking blood immune profile and skin topography to the difference of biologic and chronologic age (reported in the following paper) provides further support for the formulated hypotheses. So, a difference between calculated biologic age and chronologic age can be used as an individualized criterion supporting decisions on skin treatment strategies. Further research involving larger numbers of participants aimed at optimizing the expressions for calculating biologic age could lead to reliable and easily available express criterion supporting the decision for the individualized skin treatment.
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21
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Leem S, Chang J, Kim Y, Shin JG, Song HJ, Lee SG, Yoo S, Lee J, Myoung J, Park SG, Kang NG. Repeated measurements of facial skin characteristics using the Janus-Ⅲ measurement system. Skin Res Technol 2019; 26:362-368. [PMID: 31859440 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For personalized skin care, noninvasive quantitative methods to evaluate facial skin characteristics are important. Janus-III is one of the most widely used imaging analysis devices in the skin care industry in Korea. Janus-III generates values for a range of skin characteristics. Due to the convenience of obtaining results for a variety of skin characteristics in a single measurement, the use of Janus-III in cosmetic stores and research institutes has been recently increasing. However, the consistency of skin measurements of Janus-III has not been elucidated yet. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we repeated skin measurements three times for 70 different subjects and compared each numerical value in order to assess the consistency of the Janus-III. For this purpose, we compared between-sample distances and within-sample distances. RESULTS We found important patterns for future analyses in terms of consistency. First, the average values of skin measurement categories were more reliable than individual part values of facial segments. Second, center part values such as forehead and nose were more reliable than side part values such as left and right part segments. CONCLUSION If researchers who use Janus-III for studies of facial characteristics analyze average and center part values first, they can obtain relatively reliable patterns of facial skin characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangseob Leem
- R&D Center, LG Household and Health Care, Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Junghwa Chang
- R&D Center, LG Household and Health Care, Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunkwan Kim
- R&D Center, LG Household and Health Care, Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Joong-Gon Shin
- R&D Center, LG Household and Health Care, Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Jung Song
- R&D Center, LG Household and Health Care, Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Seo-Gyeong Lee
- R&D Center, LG Household and Health Care, Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Suji Yoo
- R&D Center, LG Household and Health Care, Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinyong Lee
- R&D Center, LG Household and Health Care, Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Joonoh Myoung
- R&D Center, LG Household and Health Care, Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Gyoo Park
- R&D Center, LG Household and Health Care, Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Nae Gyu Kang
- R&D Center, LG Household and Health Care, Ltd., Seoul, Korea
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22
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Park MY, Han SJ, Moon D, Kwon S, Lee JW, Kim KS. Effects of red ginseng on the elastic properties of human skin. J Ginseng Res 2019; 44:738-746. [PMID: 32913403 PMCID: PMC7471210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Red ginseng contains components, including microelements, vitamins, essential oils, and fatty acids, that can be used in skincare to delay the aging process. We investigated the effects of red ginseng treatment on skin elasticity by assessing cellular stiffness and measuring collagen protein synthesis. Methods Human dermal fibroblasts were treated with red ginseng, and the resulting changes in stiffness were investigated using atomic force microscopy. Cytoskeletal changes and mRNA expression of biomarkers of aging, including that of procollagens I and VII, elastin, and fibrillin-1, were investigated. Collagen in a human skin equivalent treated with red ginseng was visualized via hematoxylin and eosin staining, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Results and conclusion The stiffness of fibroblasts was significantly reduced by treatment with red ginseng concentrations of ≥ 0.8 mg/mL. The ratio of F-actin to G-actin decreased after treatment, which corresponded to a change in fibroblast stiffness. The storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″) of the skin equivalent were both lowered by red ginseng treatment. This result indicates that the viscoelasticity of the skin equivalent can be restored by red ginseng treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Young Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jik Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Engineering, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Donggerami Moon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwoo Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Sook Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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23
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Langton AK, Graham HK, Griffiths CEM, Watson REB. Ageing significantly impacts the biomechanical function and structural composition of skin. Exp Dermatol 2019; 28:981-984. [PMID: 31152614 PMCID: PMC6851988 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Skin ageing is a complex process involving the additive effects of skin's interaction with its external environment, predominantly chronic sun exposure, upon a background of time-dependent intrinsic ageing. Here, using non-invasive cutometry and ballistometry, we explore the consequences of ageing on the biomechanical function of skin in otherwise healthy White Northern European volunteers. Intrinsic skin ageing caused biomechanical decline; skin loses both resilience (P < 0.01) and elasticity (P < 0.001), which is characterised histologically by modest effacement of rete ridges (P < 0.05) and disorganisation of papillary dermal elastic fibres. At photoexposed sites, biomechanical testing identified significant loss of biomechanical function-particularly in the aged cohort. Photoaged forearm displayed severe loss of resilience (P < 0.001) and elasticity (P < 0.001); furthermore with repetitive testing, fatigue (P < 0.001), hysteresis (P < 0.001) and viscous "creep" (P < 0.001) were exacerbated. Histologically, both young and aged forearm displayed flattening of rete ridges and disruption to the arrangement of elastic fibres. We conclude that maintenance of skin architecture is inherently associated with optimal biomechanical properties. Modest perturbations to skin architecture-as exemplified by intrinsic ageing-result in moderate functional decline. Chronic sun exposure causes fundamental changes to the clinical and histological appearance of skin, and these are reflected by an extreme alteration in biomechanical function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail K. Langton
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation TrustThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science CentreManchester University NHS Foundation TrustManchesterUK
| | - Helen K. Graham
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation TrustThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science CentreManchester University NHS Foundation TrustManchesterUK
| | - Christopher E. M. Griffiths
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation TrustThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science CentreManchester University NHS Foundation TrustManchesterUK
| | - Rachel E. B. Watson
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation TrustThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science CentreManchester University NHS Foundation TrustManchesterUK
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24
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Fossa Shirata MM, Alves G, Maia Campos P. Photoageing‐related skin changes in different age groups: a clinical evaluation by biophysical and imaging techniques. Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 41:265-273. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. M. Fossa Shirata
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil
| | - G.A.D. Alves
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil
| | - P.M.B.G. Maia Campos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil
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25
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Parker MD, Babarenda Gamage TP, HajiRassouliha A, Taberner AJ, Nash MP, Nielsen PMF. Surface deformation tracking and modelling of soft materials. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2019; 18:1031-1045. [PMID: 30778884 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-019-01127-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Many computer vision algorithms have been presented to track surface deformations, but few have provided a direct comparison of measurements with other stereoscopic approaches and physics-based models. We have previously developed a phase-based cross-correlation algorithm to track dense distributions of displacements over three-dimensional surfaces. In the present work, we compare this algorithm with one that uses an independent tracking system, derived from an array of fluorescent microspheres. A smooth bicubic Hermite mesh was fitted to deformations obtained from the phase-based cross-correlation data. This mesh was then used to estimate the microsphere locations, which were compared to stereo reconstructions of the microsphere positions. The method was applied to a 35 mm × 35 mm × 35 mm soft silicone gel cube under indentation, with three square bands of microspheres placed around the indenter tip. At an indentation depth of 4.5 mm, the root-mean-square (RMS) differences between the reconstructed positions of the microspheres and their identified positions for the inner, middle, and outer bands were 60 µm, 20 µm, and 19 µm, respectively. The usefulness of the strain-tracking data for physics-based finite element modelling of large deformation mechanics was then demonstrated by estimating a neo-Hookean stiffness parameter for the gel. At the optimal constitutive parameter estimate, the RMS difference between the measured microsphere positions and their finite element model-predicted locations was 143 µm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Parker
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Amir HajiRassouliha
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrew J Taberner
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Martyn P Nash
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Poul M F Nielsen
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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26
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Langton AK, Alessi S, Hann M, Chien ALL, Kang S, Griffiths CEM, Watson REB. Aging in Skin of Color: Disruption to Elastic Fiber Organization Is Detrimental to Skin's Biomechanical Function. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 139:779-788. [PMID: 30404021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Skin aging is a complex process involving the additive effects of time-dependent intrinsic aging and changes elicited via skin's interaction with the environment. Maintaining optimal skin function is essential for healthy aging across global populations; yet most research focuses on lightly pigmented skin (Fitzpatrick phototypes I-III), with little emphasis on skin of color (Fitzpatrick phototypes V-VI). Here, we explore the biomechanical and histologic consequences of aging in black African-American volunteers. We found that healthy young buttock and dorsal forearm skin was biomechanically resilient, highly elastic, and characterized histologically by strong interdigitation of rete ridges, abundant organized fibrillar collagen, and plentiful arrays of elastic fibers. In contrast, intrinsically aged buttock skin was significantly less resilient, less elastic, and was accompanied by effacement of rete ridges with reduced deposition of both elastic fibers and fibrillar collagens. In chronically photoexposed dorsal forearm, significant impairment of all biomechanical functions was identified, with complete flattening of rete ridges and marked depletion of elastic fibers and fibrillar collagens. We conclude that in skin of color, both intrinsic aging and photoaging significantly impact skin function and composition, despite the additional photoprotective properties of increased melanin. Improved public health advice regarding the consequences of chronic photoexposure and the importance of multimodal photoprotection use for all is of global significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Kate Langton
- Centre for Dermatology Research, The University of Manchester and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK; National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Sabrina Alessi
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark Hann
- Centre for Biostatistics, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Anna Lien-Lun Chien
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sewon Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Christopher Ernest Maitland Griffiths
- Centre for Dermatology Research, The University of Manchester and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK; National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Rachel Elizabeth Beatrice Watson
- Centre for Dermatology Research, The University of Manchester and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK; National Institute for Health Research, Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University National Health Service Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
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27
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Kim MA, Kim EJ, Lee HK. Use of SkinFibrometer®to measure skin elasticity and its correlation with Cutometer®and DUB®Skinscanner. Skin Res Technol 2018; 24:466-471. [DOI: 10.1111/srt.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Kim
- Skincare Research InstituteAMOREPACIFIC R&D Center Yongin Korea
| | - E. J. Kim
- Skincare Research InstituteAMOREPACIFIC R&D Center Yongin Korea
| | - H. K. Lee
- Skincare Research InstituteAMOREPACIFIC R&D Center Yongin Korea
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28
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Parker MD, Jones LA, Hunter IW, Taberner AJ, Nash MP, Nielsen PMF. Multidirectional In Vivo Characterization of Skin Using Wiener Nonlinear Stochastic System Identification Techniques. J Biomech Eng 2017; 139:2571658. [PMID: 27760249 DOI: 10.1115/1.4034993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A triaxial force-sensitive microrobot was developed to dynamically perturb skin in multiple deformation modes, in vivo. Wiener static nonlinear identification was used to extract the linear dynamics and static nonlinearity of the force-displacement behavior of skin. Stochastic input forces were applied to the volar forearm and thenar eminence of the hand, producing probe tip perturbations in indentation and tangential extension. Wiener static nonlinear approaches reproduced the resulting displacements with variances accounted for (VAF) ranging 94-97%, indicating a good fit to the data. These approaches provided VAF improvements of 0.1-3.4% over linear models. Thenar eminence stiffness measures were approximately twice those measured on the forearm. Damping was shown to be significantly higher on the palm, whereas the perturbed mass typically was lower. Coefficients of variation (CVs) for nonlinear parameters were assessed within and across individuals. Individual CVs ranged from 2% to 11% for indentation and from 2% to 19% for extension. Stochastic perturbations with incrementally increasing mean amplitudes were applied to the same test areas. Differences between full-scale and incremental reduced-scale perturbations were investigated. Different incremental preloading schemes were investigated. However, no significant difference in parameters was found between different incremental preloading schemes. Incremental schemes provided depth-dependent estimates of stiffness and damping, ranging from 300 N/m and 2 Ns/m, respectively, at the surface to 5 kN/m and 50 Ns/m at greater depths. The device and techniques used in this research have potential applications in areas, such as evaluating skincare products, assessing skin hydration, or analyzing wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Parker
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand e-mail:
| | - Lynette A Jones
- BioInstrumentation Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139 e-mail:
| | - Ian W Hunter
- BioInstrumentation Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139 e-mail:
| | - A J Taberner
- Department of Engineering Science, Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand e-mail:
| | - M P Nash
- Department of Engineering Science, Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand e-mail:
| | - P M F Nielsen
- Department of Engineering Science, Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand e-mail:
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29
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Roh E, Lee HB, Kim DI, Lee NE. A Solution-Processable, Omnidirectionally Stretchable, and High-Pressure-Sensitive Piezoresistive Device. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1703004. [PMID: 28960525 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201703004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The development of omnidirectionally stretchable pressure sensors with high performance without stretching-induced interference has been hampered by many challenges. Herein, an omnidirectionally stretchable piezoresistive pressure-sensing device is demonstrated by combining an omniaxially stretchable substrate with a 3D micropattern array and solution-printing of electrode and piezoresistive materials. A unique substrate structural design and materials mean that devices that are highly sensitive are rendered, with a stable out-of-plane pressure response to both static (sensitivity of 0.5 kPa-1 and limit of detection of 28 Pa) and dynamic pressures and the minimized in-plane stretching responsiveness (a small strain gauge factor of 0.17), achieved through efficient strain absorption of the electrode and sensing materials. The device can detect human-body tremors, as well as measure the relative elastic properties of human skin. The omnidirectionally stretchable pressure sensor with a high pressure sensitivity and minimal stretch-responsiveness yields great potential to skin-attachable wearable electronics, human-machine interfaces, and soft robotics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Roh
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, South Korea
| | - Han-Byeol Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, South Korea
| | - Do-Il Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, South Korea
| | - Nae-Eung Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Kyunggi-do, 16419, South Korea
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30
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Langton AK, Graham HK, McConnell JC, Sherratt MJ, Griffiths CEM, Watson REB. Organization of the dermal matrix impacts the biomechanical properties of skin. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:818-827. [PMID: 28132410 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human skin has the crucial roles of maintaining homeostasis and protecting against the external environment. Skin offers protection against mechanical trauma due to the reversible deformation of its structure; these biomechanical properties are amenable to dynamic testing using noninvasive devices. OBJECTIVES To characterize the biomechanical properties of young, black African/African-Caribbean and white Northern European skin from different anatomical sites, and to relate underlying skin architecture to biomechanical function. METHODS Using cutometry and ballistometry, the biomechanical properties of buttock and dorsal forearm skin were determined in black African/African-Caribbean (n = 18) and white Northern European (n = 20) individuals aged 18-30 years. Skin biopsies were obtained from a subset of the volunteers (black African/African-Caribbean, n = 5; white Northern European, n = 6) and processed for histological and immunohistochemical detection of the major elastic fibre components and fibrillar collagens. RESULTS We have determined that healthy skin from young African and white Northern European individuals has similar biomechanical properties (F3): the skin is resilient (capable of returning to its original position following deformation, R1), exhibits minimal fatigue (R4) and is highly elastic (R2, R5 and R7). At the histological level, skin with these biomechanical properties is imbued with strong interdigitation of the rete ridges at the dermoepidermal junction (DEJ) and candelabra-like arrays of elastic fibres throughout the papillary dermis. Dramatic disruption to this highly organized arrangement of elastic fibres, effacement of the rete ridges and alterations to the alignment of the fibrillar collagens is apparent in the white Northern European forearm and coincides with a marked decline in biomechanical function. CONCLUSIONS Maintenance of skin architecture - both epidermal morphology and elastic fibre arrangement - is essential for optimal skin biomechanical properties. Disruption to underlying skin architecture, as observed in the young white Northern European forearm, compromises biomechanical function.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Langton
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, U.K.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K
| | - H K Graham
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, U.K.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K
| | - J C McConnell
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K
| | - M J Sherratt
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K
| | - C E M Griffiths
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, U.K.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K
| | - R E B Watson
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, U.K.,NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K
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31
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Effects of two different fabrics on skin barrier function under real pressure conditions. J Tissue Viability 2017; 26:150-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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32
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Kearney EM, Messaraa C, Grennan G, Koeller G, Mavon A, Merinville E. Evaluation of skin firmness by the DynaSKIN, a novel non-contact compression device, and its use in revealing the efficacy of a skincare regimen featuring a novel anti-ageing ingredient, acetyl aspartic acid. Skin Res Technol 2016; 23:155-168. [DOI: 10.1111/srt.12314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Kearney
- Oriflame Research and Development Ltd; Bray Co. Wicklow Ireland
| | - C. Messaraa
- Oriflame Research and Development Ltd; Bray Co. Wicklow Ireland
| | - G. Grennan
- Oriflame Research and Development Ltd; Bray Co. Wicklow Ireland
| | | | - A. Mavon
- Oriflame Research and Development Ltd; Bray Co. Wicklow Ireland
| | - E. Merinville
- Oriflame Research and Development Ltd; Bray Co. Wicklow Ireland
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33
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Brancalion Catapani L, da Costa Gonçalves A, Morano Candeloro N, Rossi LA, Caldeira de Oliveira Guirro E. Influence of therapeutic ultrasound on the biomechanical characteristics of the skin. J Ther Ultrasound 2016; 4:21. [PMID: 27536356 PMCID: PMC4988011 DOI: 10.1186/s40349-016-0065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin function is dependent on its biomechanical characteristics, resistance, malleability, and elasticity. Therapeutic ultrasound may increase cutaneous malleability thus and optimize the rehabilitation process on specific diseases. The aim of this study is to evaluate possible alterations of biomechanical characteristics of the normal skin after therapeutic ultrasound application. METHODS Thirty-one volunteers took part of the study, and the average age was 31.61 ± 8.37 years old. Biomechanical characteristics evaluation of the skin was performed with the Cutometer MPA 580 (Courage + Khazaka Electronic-Köln, Germany) of 2-mm probe hole and 500-mbar vacuum. Skin characteristics were analyzed before and after therapeutic ultrasound application, and the variables R0 (distensibility), R2 (gross elasticity), and R6 (viscoelasticity) were used for the study. Areas of therapeutic ultrasound application (continuous, 3 MHz, 1 W/cm(2) SATA) were defined at the upper limbs and standardized using a neoprene template. Sociodemographic data of volunteers were analyzed using SPSS 15.0. To analyze the distribution of the data, the Shapiro-Wilk test was used, which showed the normal distribution for R0 values, R2 and R6. For this procedure, the PROC TTEST from SAS® 9.0 software and Minitab 16 software, with significance, was set at the 0.05 level. RESULTS In relation to R0, a significant increase (p = 0.001) was observed for the distensibility, when compared to values of pre- (0.3273 mm) and immediately post- (0.3795 mm) resource application which feature a greater distensibility. Related to R2 values, a significant increase (p = .001) of the gross elasticity at pre- (0.8419) and post- (0.8884) therapeutic ultrasound application was found. CONCLUSIONS Therapeutic ultrasound promotes significant alterations of the biomechanical characteristics of the skin. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, 1111-1146-7342.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lígia Brancalion Catapani
- Department of Biomechanics, Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Adriana da Costa Gonçalves
- Postgraduation Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, University of São Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Nathalia Morano Candeloro
- Department of Biomechanics, Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Elaine Caldeira de Oliveira Guirro
- Department of Biomechanics, Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Locomotor System, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil ; Postgraduation Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, University of São Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo Brazil
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34
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Langton AK, Graham HK, Watson REB. Diverse methodologies for assessing photoaged skin. Br J Dermatol 2016; 174:487-8. [PMID: 27002575 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A K Langton
- Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.KCorrespondence: Rachel E.B. Watson
| | - H K Graham
- Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.KCorrespondence: Rachel E.B. Watson
| | - R E B Watson
- Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.KCorrespondence: Rachel E.B. Watson.
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35
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Dobos G, Gefen A, Blume-Peytavi U, Kottner J. Weight-bearing-induced changes in the microtopography and structural stiffness of human skin in vivo following immobility periods. Wound Repair Regen 2015; 23:37-43. [DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Dobos
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Charité-University Medicine Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - Amit Gefen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Tel Aviv University; Israel
| | - Ulrike Blume-Peytavi
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Charité-University Medicine Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - Jan Kottner
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Charité-University Medicine Berlin; Berlin Germany
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