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Zhang YS, Gong JS, Yao ZY, Jiang JY, Su C, Li H, Kang CL, Liu L, Xu ZH, Shi JS. Insights into the source, mechanism and biotechnological applications of hyaluronidases. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:108018. [PMID: 35853550 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
It has long been found that hyaluronidases exist in a variety of organisms, playing their roles in various biological processes including infection, envenomation and metabolic regulation through degrading hyaluronan. However, exploiting them as a bioresource for specific applications had not been extensively studied until the latest decades. In recent years, new application scenarios have been developed, which extended the field of application, and emphasized the research value of hyaluronidase. This critical review comprehensively summarizes existing studies on hyaluronidase from different source, particularly in their structures, action patterns, and biological functions in human and mammals. Furthermore, we give in-depth insight into the resource mining and protein engineering process of hyaluronidase, as well as strategies for their high-level production, indicating that mixed strategies should be adopted to obtain well-performing hyaluronidase with efficiency. In addition, advances in application of hyaluronidase were summarized and discussed. Finally, prospects for future researches are proposed, highlighting the importance of further investigation into the characteristics of hyaluronidases, and the necessity of investigating their products for the development of their application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jin-Song Gong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Yuan Yao
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jia-Yu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Chang Su
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Heng Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Chuan-Li Kang
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Sodium Hyaluronate and its Derivatives, Shandong Focusfreda Biotech Co., Ltd, Qufu 273165, PR China
| | - Lei Liu
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Sodium Hyaluronate and its Derivatives, Shandong Focusfreda Biotech Co., Ltd, Qufu 273165, PR China
| | - Zheng-Hong Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jin-Song Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
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Schmaus A, Rothley M, Schreiber C, Möller S, Roßwag S, Franz S, Garvalov BK, Thiele W, Spataro S, Herskind C, Prunotto M, Anderegg U, Schnabelrauch M, Sleeman J. Sulfated hyaluronic acid inhibits the hyaluronidase CEMIP and regulates the HA metabolism, proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts. Matrix Biol 2022; 109:173-191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Endo Y, Yoshida H, Akazawa Y, Yamazaki K, Ota Y, Sayo T, Takahashi Y. Antiwrinkle efficacy of 1-ethyl-β-N-acetylglucosaminide, an inducer of epidermal hyaluronan production. Skin Res Technol 2021; 28:58-65. [PMID: 34455631 PMCID: PMC9907628 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyaluronan (HA) has a unique hydration capacity that contributes to firmness and bounciness of the skin. Epidermal HA declines with skin aging, which may lead to clinical signs of aging including skin wrinkles and loss of hydration and elasticity. Recently, we developed a new cosmetic agent 1-ethyl-β-N-acetylglucosaminide (β-NAG2), which enhances HA production in cultured human keratinocytes. The aim of this study was to explore antiaging potential of β-NAG2 in reconstructed human epidermal models and human clinical trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS The amount of HA in β-NAG2-treated epidermal models by topical application was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-like assay. A randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study was conducted in Japanese females (n = 33) by topically treating each side of the face with a lotion formulated with β-NAG2 or placebo for 8 weeks. RESULTS Topically applied β-NAG2 dose dependently increased HA production in epidermal models. Treatment with β-NAG2-formulated lotion significantly improved skin hydration and elasticity and reduced skin wrinkling in crow's foot areas when compared to the placebo formulation. CONCLUSION Topically applied β-NAG2 promoted epidermal HA production in vitro and showed antiwrinkle activity in vivo accompanying the improvement in skin hydration and elasticity. Our study provides a novel strategy for antiwrinkle care through β-NAG2-induced epidermal HA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Endo
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yoshida
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yumiko Akazawa
- Skin Care Products Research, Kao Corporation, Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamazaki
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yukiko Ota
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Sayo
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshito Takahashi
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
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Terazawa S, Takada M, Sato Y, Nakajima H, Imokawa G. The Attenuated Secretion of Hyaluronan by UVA-Exposed Human Fibroblasts Is Associated with Up- and Downregulation of HYBID and HAS2 Expression via Activated and Inactivated Signaling of the p38/ATF2 and JAK2/STAT3 Cascades. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042057. [PMID: 33669634 PMCID: PMC7922819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the effects on hyaluronan (HA) metabolism of UVA radiation. This study demonstrates that the secretion of HA by human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) is downregulated by UVA, accompanied by the down- and upregulation of mRNA and protein levels of the HA-synthesizing enzyme (HAS2) and the HA-degrading protein, HYaluronan Binding protein Involved in HA Depolymerization(HYBID), respectively. Signaling analysis revealed that the exposure distinctly elicits activation of the p38/MSK1/CREB/c-Fos/AP-1 axis, the JNK/c-Jun axis, and the p38/ATF-2 axis, but downregulates the phosphorylation of NF-kB and JAK/STAT3. A signal inhibition study demonstrated that the inhibition of p38 significantly abrogates the UVA-accentuated mRNA level of HYBID. Furthermore, the inhibition of STAT3 significantly downregulates the level of HAS2 mRNA in non-UVA exposed HDFs. Analysis using siRNAs demonstrated that transfection of ATF-2 siRNA but not c-Fos siRNA abrogates the increased protein level of HYBID in UVA-exposed HDFs. An inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase but not of protein serine/threonine phosphatase restored the diminished phosphorylation level of STAT3 at Tyr 705, accompanied by a significant abolishing effect on the decreased mRNA expression level of HAS2. Silencing with a protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP-Meg2 siRNA revealed that it abrogates the decreased phosphorylation of STAT3 at Tyr 705 in UVA-exposed HDFs. These findings suggest that the UVA-induced decrease in HA secretion by HDFs is attributable to the down- and upregulation of HAS2 and HYBID expression, respectively, changes that are mainly ascribed to the inactivated signaling of the STAT3 axis due to the activated tyrosine protein phosphatase PTP-Meg2 and the activated signaling of the p38/ATF2 axis, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuko Terazawa
- Center for Bioscience Research & Education, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan; (S.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.)
| | - Mariko Takada
- Center for Bioscience Research & Education, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan; (S.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yoriko Sato
- Center for Bioscience Research & Education, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan; (S.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.)
| | - Hiroaki Nakajima
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan;
| | - Genji Imokawa
- Center for Bioscience Research & Education, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan; (S.T.); (M.T.); (Y.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-28-649-5282
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Sato S, Mizutani Y, Yoshino Y, Masuda M, Miyazaki M, Hara H, Inoue S. Pro-inflammatory cytokines suppress HYBID (hyaluronan (HA) -binding protein involved in HA depolymerization/KIAA1199/CEMIP) -mediated HA metabolism in human skin fibroblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 539:77-82. [PMID: 33422943 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.12.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In the skin, the metabolism of hyaluronan (HA) is highly regulated. Aging leads to chronic low-grade inflammation, which is characterized by elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines; however, the relationship between inflammation and HA metabolism is not clear. Herein, we investigated the effects of a mixture of pro-inflammatory cytokines containing TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 on HA metabolism in human skin fibroblasts. Treatment with the cytokine mixture for 24 h suppressed HA depolymerization via downregulation of HYBID (HA-binding protein involved in HA depolymerization/KIAA1199/CEMIP) and promoted HA synthesis via upregulation of HAS2 in human skin fibroblasts. Moreover, HAS2-dependent HA synthesis was driven mainly by IL-1β with partial contribution from TNF-α. Transmembrane protein 2 (TMEM2/CEMIP2), which was previously reported as a candidate hyaluronidase, was upregulated by the cytokine mixture, suggesting that TMEM2 might not function as a hyaluronidase in human skin fibroblasts. Furthermore, the effects of the cytokine mixture on HA metabolism were observed in fibroblasts after 8 days of treatment with cytokines during three passages. Thus, we have shown that HYBID-mediated HA metabolism is negatively regulated by the pro-inflammatory cytokine mixture, providing novel insights into the relationship between inflammation and HA metabolism in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Sato
- Department of Cosmetic Health Science, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Yukiko Mizutani
- Department of Cosmetic Health Science, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Yuta Yoshino
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Manami Masuda
- Department of Cosmetic Health Science, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Megumi Miyazaki
- Department of Cosmetic Health Science, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hara
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Shintaro Inoue
- Department of Cosmetic Health Science, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan.
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Improvements in Skin Quality Biological Markers in Skin Explants Using Hyaluronic Acid Filler VYC-12L. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2020; 8:e2723. [PMID: 32537370 PMCID: PMC7253252 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000002723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA), both crosslinked and uncrosslinked, is used clinically to treat fine lines and provides additional improvements in skin quality attributes. The purpose of this study was to assess potential early differences in the expression of biological markers of skin quality in living human skin explants injected with uncrosslinked and crosslinked HA gels. Methods Living human skin explants injected with VYC-12L or noncrosslinked HA with mannitol (HYD) and noninjected controls were assessed via microscopy, histology, and immunohistochemistry on days 3 and/or 8 for biological markers of elasticity (collagen density, elastin, fibrillin-1) and hydration [aquaporin-3, acidic glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), HA]. Hydration was also assessed via a corneometer probe on days 0, 1, 2, and 8. Results On day 3 versus controls, VYC-12L moderately increased collagen density in the upper reticular dermis and clearly increased fibrillin-1 expression, with slight increases persisting on day 8. Increases with HYD were smaller and did not persist on day 8. Both VYC-12L and HYD increased aquaporin-3 expression and GAG content on days 3 and 8, but VYC-12L produced greater GAG increases in the reticular dermis. Day 8 instrument-assessed hydration increased by 49% and 22% for VYC-12L and HYD, respectively. Elastin expression in oxytalan and elaunin fibers was unchanged. Upper-dermal HA reductions suggested HA injection-induced hyaluronidase expression. Conclusion VYC-12L produced greater, more lasting improvements in biological markers of skin quality than HYD.
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Terazawa S, Nakano M, Yamamoto A, Imokawa G. Mycosporine-like amino acids stimulate hyaluronan secretion by up-regulating hyaluronan synthase 2 via activation of the p38/MSK1/CREB/c-Fos/AP-1 axis. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:7274-7288. [PMID: 32284328 PMCID: PMC7247295 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is an extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan that critically supports the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the skin. Here, we demonstrate that mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), which typically function as UV-absorbing compounds, can stimulate HA secretion from normal human fibroblasts. MAA-stimulated HA secretion was associated with significantly increased and decreased levels of mRNAs encoding HA synthase 2 (HAS2) and the HA-binding protein involved in HA depolymerization (designated HYBID), respectively. Using immunoblotting, we found that MAAs at 10 and at 25 μg/ml stimulate the phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/c-Jun, and mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase 1 (MSK1) (at Thr-581, Ser-360, and Ser-376, respectively) and activation of cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) and activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2), but not phosphorylation of JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK) or NF-κB (at Ser-276 or Ser-536, respectively), and increased c-Fos protein levels. Moreover, a p38-specific inhibitor, but not inhibitors of MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK), JNK, or NF-κB, significantly abrogated the increased expression of HAS2 mRNA, accompanied by significantly decreased MAA-stimulated HA secretion. These results suggested that the p38-MSK1-CREB-c-Fos-transcription factor AP-1 (AP-1) or the p38-ATF2 signaling cascade is responsible for the MAA-induced stimulation of HAS2 gene expression. Of note, siRNA-mediated ATF2 silencing failed to abrogate MAA-stimulated HAS2 expression, and c-Fos silencing abolished the increased expression of HAS2 mRNA. Our findings suggest that MAAs stimulate HA secretion by up-regulating HAS2 mRNA levels through activation of an intracellular signaling cascade consisting of p38, MSK1, CREB, c-Fos, and AP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuko Terazawa
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan
| | - Masahiko Nakano
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan; Cosmetic Research Center, Doctor's Choice Co., Ltd., Tokyo 102-0071, Japan
| | - Akio Yamamoto
- Cosmetic Research Center, Doctor's Choice Co., Ltd., Tokyo 102-0071, Japan
| | - Genji Imokawa
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan; Research Institute for Biological Functions, Chubu University of Technology, Aichi 487-8501, Japan.
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Yoshida H, Aoki M, Komiya A, Endo Y, Kawabata K, Nakamura T, Sakai S, Sayo T, Okada Y, Takahashi Y. HYBID (alias KIAA1199/CEMIP) and hyaluronan synthase coordinately regulate hyaluronan metabolism in histamine-stimulated skin fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:2483-2494. [PMID: 31949043 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune-regulatory compound histamine is involved in the metabolism of the essential skin component hyaluronan (HA). We previously reported that histamine up-regulates the expression of HYBID (hyaluronan-binding protein involved in hyaluronan depolymerization, also called CEMIP or KIAA1199), which plays a key role in HA degradation. However, no information is available about histamine's effects on HA synthase (HAS) expression, the molecular sizes of HA species produced, and histamine receptors and their signaling pathways in skin fibroblasts. Moreover, histamine's effects on photoaged skin remain elusive. Here, we show that histamine increases HA degradation by up-regulating HYBID and down-regulating HAS2 in human skin fibroblasts in a dose- and time-dependent manner and thereby decreases the total amounts and sizes of newly produced HA. Histamine H1 blocker abrogated the histamine effects on HYBID up-regulation, HAS2 suppression, and HA degradation. Histamine H1 agonist exhibited effects on HA levels, composition, and breakdown similar to those of histamine. Of note, blockade of protein kinase Cδ or PI3K-Akt signaling abolished histamine-mediated HYBID stimulation and HAS2 suppression, respectively. Immunohistochemical experiments revealed a significant ∼2-fold increase in tryptase-positive mast cells in photoaged skin, where HYBID and HAS2 expression levels were increased and decreased, respectively, compared with photoprotected skin. These results indicate that histamine controls HA metabolism by up-regulating HYBID and down-regulating HAS2 via distinct signaling pathways downstream of histamine receptor H1. They further suggest that histamine may contribute to photoaged skin damage by skewing HA metabolism toward degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yoshida
- Department of Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, 250-0002 Japan.
| | - Mika Aoki
- Department of Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, 250-0002 Japan
| | - Aya Komiya
- Department of Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, 250-0002 Japan
| | - Yoko Endo
- Department of Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, 250-0002 Japan
| | - Keigo Kawabata
- Department of Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, 250-0002 Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakamura
- Department of Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, 250-0002 Japan
| | - Shingo Sakai
- Department of Health Beauty Products Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, 250-0002 Japan
| | - Tetsuya Sayo
- Department of Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, 250-0002 Japan
| | - Yasunori Okada
- Department of Pathophysiology for Locomotive and Neoplastic Diseases, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan.
| | - Yoshito Takahashi
- Department of Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, 250-0002 Japan
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Yoshida H, Okada Y. Role of HYBID (Hyaluronan Binding Protein Involved in Hyaluronan Depolymerization), Alias KIAA1199/CEMIP, in Hyaluronan Degradation in Normal and Photoaged Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225804. [PMID: 31752258 PMCID: PMC6888145 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoaged skin is characterized clinically by apparent manifestations such as wrinkles and sagging, and histologically by an accumulation of abnormal elastin and a severe loss of collagen fibers in the dermis. Quantitative and qualitative alterations in elastin and collagens are considered to be responsible for the formation of wrinkles and sagging. However, since the integrity of elastin and collagen fibers in the dermis is maintained by their interactions with hyaluronan (HA) and a proteoglycan network structure, HA degradation may be the initial process, prior to the breakdown of the fibrillary components, leading to wrinkles and sagging in photoaged skin. We have recently discovered a new HA-degrading mechanism mediated by HYBID (hyaluronan binding protein involved in hyaluronan depolymerization), alias KIAA1199/CEMIP, in human skin fibroblasts, and examined the implication of HYBID for skin photoaging. In this review, we give an overview of the characteristics of HYBID and its prospective roles in HA turnover in normal skin and excessive HA degradation in photoaged skin. In addition, we describe our data on the inhibition of HYBID activity and expression by plant extracts in skin fibroblasts; and propose novel strategies to prevent or improve photoaging symptoms, such as skin wrinkling, by inhibition of HYBID-mediated HA degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yoshida
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, 3-28, 5-chome, Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa 250-0002, Japan
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (Y.O.); Tel.: +81-465-34-6116 (H.Y.); +81-3-5800-7531 (Y.O.); Fax: +81-465-34-3037 (H.Y.); +81-3-5800-7532 (Y.O.)
| | - Yasunori Okada
- Department of Pathophysiology for Locomotive and Neoplastic Diseases, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (Y.O.); Tel.: +81-465-34-6116 (H.Y.); +81-3-5800-7531 (Y.O.); Fax: +81-465-34-3037 (H.Y.); +81-3-5800-7532 (Y.O.)
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Yoshida H, Yamazaki K, Komiya A, Aoki M, Kasamatsu S, Murata T, Sayo T, Cilek MZ, Okada Y, Takahashi Y. Inhibitory effects of Sanguisorba officinalis root extract on HYBID (KIAA1199)-mediated hyaluronan degradation and skin wrinkling. Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 41:12-20. [PMID: 30485450 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hyaluronan (HA), an important constituent of extracellular matrix in the skin, has many biological activities such as hydration that contributes to firmness and bounciness of the skin. We have reported that reduction in HA in the papillary dermis and over-expression of HYBID (HYaluronan Binding protein Involved in hyaluronan Depolymerization, alias KIAA1199 or CEMIP), a key molecule for HA degradation in skin fibroblasts, are implicated in facial skin wrinkling in Japanese and Caucasian women. However, little or no information is available for substances which inhibit the HYBID-mediated HA degradation. METHODS Inhibition of Sanguisorba officinalis root extract and ziyuglycoside I, one of the components of Sanguisorba officinalis root extract, to the HYBID-mediated HA degradation was assessed by size-exclusion chromatography of HA depolymerized by stable transfectants of HYBID in HEK293 cells (HYBID/HEK293 cells) or normal human skin fibroblasts (Detroit 551 cells and NHDF-Ad cells). The HYBID mRNA and protein expression was examined by quantitative real-time PCR and immunoblotting in the skin fibroblasts treated with Sanguisorba officinalis root extract, and size distribution of newly produced HA was evaluated by preparing metabolically radiolabelled HA. A double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled study was carried out in the 21 healthy Japanese women, who were topically treated with the formulation containing Sanguisorba officinalis root extract or the placebo on each side of the face including crow's foot area. RESULTS Sanguisorba officinalis root extract, but not ziyuglycoside I, abolished HYBID-mediated HA degradation by HYBID/HEK293 cells. Sanguisorba officinalis root extract also inhibited HYBID-mediated HA degradation in skin fibroblasts by down-regulating HYBID mRNA and protein expression. Although control untreated skin fibroblasts produced polydispersed HA, the cells treated with Sanguisorba officinalis root extract produced only high-molecular-weight HA. Treatment with Sanguisorba officinalis root extract-formulated lotion significantly improved skin elasticity, and reduced skin wrinkling scores at the outer eye corner compared with the placebo formulation. CONCLUSION Sanguisorba officinalis root extract showed an anti-HYBID-mediated HA degradation activity and anti-wrinkle activity on human facial skin, which is accompanied by the improvement in elasticity. Our study provides the possibility of a new strategy to inhibit HYBID-mediated HA degradation for anti-wrinkle care.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoshida
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, 3-28, 5-chome, Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, 250-0002, Japan
| | - K Yamazaki
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, 3-28, 5-chome, Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, 250-0002, Japan
| | - A Komiya
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, 3-28, 5-chome, Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, 250-0002, Japan
| | - M Aoki
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, 3-28, 5-chome, Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, 250-0002, Japan
| | - S Kasamatsu
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, 3-28, 5-chome, Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, 250-0002, Japan
| | - T Murata
- Skin Care Products Research, Kao Corporation, 3-28, 5-chome, Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, 250-0002, Japan
| | - T Sayo
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, 3-28, 5-chome, Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, 250-0002, Japan
| | - M Z Cilek
- Department of Pathophysiology for Locomotive and Neoplastic Diseases, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Y Okada
- Department of Pathophysiology for Locomotive and Neoplastic Diseases, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Y Takahashi
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, 3-28, 5-chome, Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, 250-0002, Japan
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Yoshida H, Yamazaki K, Komiya A, Aoki M, Nakamura T, Kasamatsu S, Murata T, Sayo T, Okada Y, Takahashi Y. Inhibition of HYBID (KIAA1199)-mediated hyaluronan degradation and anti-wrinkle effect of Geranium thunbergii extract. J Cosmet Dermatol 2018; 18:1052-1060. [PMID: 30394005 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyaluronan (HA) is an essential constituent of extracellular matrix in the skin. HA reduction in the dermis and overexpression of HYBID (KIAA1199), a key molecule for HA degradation in skin fibroblasts, are implicated in facial skin wrinkling. AIMS We aimed to obtain anti-wrinkle agent(s) by screening for inhibition of HYBID-mediated HA degradation. METHODS Various plant extracts were screened for inhibition of HA degradation in HYBID-stable transfectants in HEK293 (HYBID/HEK293). Inhibition of HA-degrading activity and HYBID mRNA and protein expression by Geranium thunbergii extract was studied in skin fibroblasts and HYBID/HEK293 cells. Size distribution of newly produced HA was evaluated by preparing metabolically radiolabeled HA in skin fibroblasts. A double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled study was performed in healthy Japanese women (n = 21) by topically treating each side of the face with a lotion formulated with G. thunbergii extract or placebo for 8 weeks. RESULTS Among the plant extracts tested, only G. thunbergii extract abolished HA depolymerization in skin fibroblasts and HYBID/HEK293 cells by down-regulating HYBID mRNA and protein expression and by inhibiting HYBID-mediated HA-degrading activity. Although untreated skin fibroblasts produced polydispersed HA, G. thunbergii extract-treated cells produced high-molecular-weight HA. Treatment with G. thunbergii extract-formulated lotion significantly improved skin elasticity and reduced skin wrinkling scores at the outer eye corner compared with the placebo formulation. CONCLUSIONS Geranium thunbergii extract inhibited HYBID-mediated HA degradation in vitro and showed anti-wrinkle activity in vivo accompanying the improvement in skin elasticity. Our study provides a possible strategy for anti-wrinkle care through inhibition of HYBID-mediated HA degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yoshida
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamazaki
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Aya Komiya
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mika Aoki
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakamura
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinya Kasamatsu
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Murata
- Skin Care Products Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Sayo
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasunori Okada
- Department of Pathophysiology for Locomotive and Neoplastic Diseases, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshito Takahashi
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
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