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Lin KH, Ng SC, Lu SY, Lin YM, Lin SH, Su TC, Huang CY, Kuo WW. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) protects cardiac cells against advanced glycation end-product-induced apoptosis by enhancing FoxO3A-dependent upregulation of miRNA-210. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 125:109567. [PMID: 38185348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a common complication of diabetes, resulting in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure associated with excessive reactive oxygen species and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis generation. Mitogen-activated protein kinase-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (MAPK-JNK), regulated by microRNA (miR)-210, affects mitochondrial function and is activated by advanced glycation end-products (AGE) in cardiac cells. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), an antioxidant in garlic oil, inhibits stress-induced cardiac apoptosis. This study examined whether DATS enhances miR-210 expression to attenuate cardiac apoptosis. We investigated the DATS-mediated attenuation mechanism of AGE-enhanced cardiac apoptosis by modulating miR-210 and its upstream transcriptional regulator, FoxO3a. We found FoxO3a binding sites in the miR-210 promoter region. Our results indicated that DATS treatment inhibited AGE-induced JNK activation, phosphoprotein c-Jun nuclear transactivation, and cardiac apoptosis and reversed the AGE-induced reduction in cardiac miR-210 levels. The luciferase activity after DATS treatment was significantly lower than that of the control and was reversed following AGE treatment. We also showed that FoxO3a, upregulated by DATS treatment, may bind to the miR-210 promoter to enhance its expression and downregulates JNK expression to attenuate AGE-induced cardiac apoptosis. Oral administration of DATS enhanced FoxO3a expression in the heart and reduced diabetes-induced heart apoptosis. Our findings indicate that DATS mediates AGE-induced cardiac cell apoptosis attenuation by promoting FoxO3a nuclear transactivation to enhance miR-210 expression and regulate JNK activation. Our results suggest that DATS can be used as a cardioprotective agent, and miR-210 is a critical regulator in inhibiting diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ho Lin
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Shang-Chuan Ng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Shang-Yeh Lu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan ROC; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Shu-Hui Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan ROC; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Tzu-Cheng Su
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan ROC; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan ROC; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan ROC; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC.
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Chen L, Li L, Cui D, Huang Y, Tong H, Zabihi H, Wang S, Qi Y, Lakowski T, Leng L, Liu S, Wu H, Young LH, Bucala R, Qi D. Extracellular macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) downregulates adipose hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and contributes to obesity. Mol Metab 2024; 79:101834. [PMID: 37935315 PMCID: PMC10700858 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Attenuation of adipose hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) may impair lipolysis and exacerbate obesity. We investigate the role of cytokine, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in regulating adipose HSL and adipocyte hypertrophy. Extracellular MIF downregulates HSL in an autocrine fashion, by activating the AMPK/JNK signaling pathway upon binding to its membrane receptor, CD74. WT mice fed high fat diet (HFD), as well as mice overexpressing MIF, both had high circulating MIF levels and showed suppression of HSL during the development of obesity. Blocking the extracellular action of MIF by a neutralizing MIF antibody significantly reduced obesity in HFD mice. Interestingly, intracellular MIF binds with COP9 signalosome subunit 5 (Csn5) and JNK, which leads to an opposing effect to inhibit JNK phosphorylation. With global MIF deletion, adipocyte JNK phosphorylation increased, resulting in decreased HSL expression, suggesting that the loss of MIF's intracellular inhibitory action on JNK was dominant in Mif-/- mice. Adipose tissue from Mif-/- mice also exhibited higher Akt and lower PKA phosphorylation following HFD feeding compared with WT, which may contribute to the downregulation of HSL activation during more severe obesity. Both intracellular and extracellular MIF have opposing effects to regulate HSL, but extracellular actions predominate to downregulate HSL and exacerbate the development of obesity during HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liujun Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Lisha Li
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Donghong Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiheng Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Haibin Tong
- College of Life and Environment Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haleh Zabihi
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Shuxia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yadan Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Ted Lakowski
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Lin Leng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Suixin Liu
- Division of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lawrence H Young
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dake Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada.
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Zhan X, Kaoud TS, Dalby KN, Gurevich EV, Gurevich VV. Arrestin-3-Dependent Activation of c-Jun N-Terminal Kinases (JNKs). Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e839. [PMID: 37668419 PMCID: PMC10624153 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Only 1 out of 4 mammalian arrestin subtypes, arrestin-3, facilitates the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) family kinases. Here, we describe two different sets of protocols used for elucidating the mechanisms involved. One is based on reconstitution of signaling modules from the following purified proteins: arrestin-3, MKK4, MKK7, JNK1, JNK2, and JNK3. The main advantage of this method is that it unambiguously establishes which effects are direct because only intended purified proteins are present in these assays. The key drawback is that the upstream-most kinases of these cascades, ASK1 or other MAP3Ks, are not available in purified form, limiting reconstitution to incomplete two-kinase modules. The other approach is used for analyzing the effects of arrestin-3 on JNK activation in intact cells. In this case, signaling modules include ASK1 and/or other MAP3Ks. However, as every cell expresses thousands of different proteins, their possible effects on the readout cannot be excluded. Nonetheless, the combination of in vitro reconstitution from purified proteins and cell-based assays makes it possible to elucidate the mechanisms of arrestin-3-dependent activation of JNK family kinases. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Construction of arrestin-3-scaffolded MKK4/7-JNK1/2/3 signaling modules in vitro using purified proteins Alternate Protocol 1: Characterization of arrestin-3-mediated JNK1/2 activation by MKK4/7 by measurement of JNK1/2 phosphorylation using immunoblotting with anti-phospho-JNK antibody Support Protocol 1: Expression, purification, and activation of GST-MKK4 Support Protocol 2: Expression, purification, and activation of GST-MKK7-His6 Support Protocol 3: Expression, purification, and activation of tagless JNK1Α1 Support Protocol 4: Expression, purification, and activation of tagless JNK2Α2 Basic Protocol 2: Analysis of the role of arrestin-3 in ASK1/MKK4/MKK7-induced JNK activation in intact cells Alternate Protocol 2: Analysis of the role of arrestin-3 in MKK4-induced JNK activation in intact cells Basic Protocol 3: Characterization of the biphasic effect of arrestin-3 on ASK1/MKK7-stimulated JNK phosphorylation in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanzhi Zhan
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Current address: Tennessee Tech University, Cookville, Tennessee
| | - Tamer S Kaoud
- Division of Chemical Biology & Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Kevin N Dalby
- Division of Chemical Biology & Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
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Kim JE, Kim TH, Kang TC. EGCG Attenuates CA1 Neuronal Death by Regulating GPx1, NF-κB S536 Phosphorylation and Mitochondrial Dynamics in the Rat Hippocampus following Status Epilepticus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040966. [PMID: 37107343 PMCID: PMC10136286 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is an antioxidant that directly scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibits pro-oxidant enzymes. Although EGCG protects hippocampal neurons from status epilepticus (SE, a prolonged seizure activity), the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. As the preservation of mitochondrial dynamics is essential for cell viability, it is noteworthy to elucidate the effects of EGCG on impaired mitochondrial dynamics and the related signaling pathways in SE-induced CA1 neuronal degeneration, which are yet unclear. In the present study, we found that EGCG attenuated SE-induced CA1 neuronal death, accompanied by glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx1) induction. EGCG also abrogated mitochondrial hyperfusion in these neurons by the preservation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)-dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1)-mediated mitochondrial fission, independent of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity. Furthermore, EGCG abolished SE-induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) serine (S) 536 phosphorylation in CA1 neurons. ERK1/2 inhibition by U0126 diminished the effect of EGCG on neuroprotection and mitochondrial hyperfusion in response to SE without affecting GPx1 induction and NF-κB S536 phosphorylation, indicating that the restoration of ERK1/2-DRP1-mediated fission may be required for the neuroprotective effects of EGCG against SE. Therefore, our findings suggest that EGCG may protect CA1 neurons from SE insults through GPx1-ERK1/2-DRP1 and GPx1-NF-κB signaling pathways, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Epilepsy Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Epilepsy Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Cheon Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Epilepsy Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
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5
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Itakura M, Kubo T, Kaneshige A, Nakajima H. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase regulates activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase under oxidative stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 657:1-7. [PMID: 36963174 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) acts as a sensor under oxidative stress, leading to induction of various biological responses. Given that mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways mediate cellular responses to a wide variety of stimuli, including oxidative stress, here, we aimed to elucidate whether a cross-talk cascade between GAPDH and MAPKs occurs under oxidative stress. Of the three typical MAPKs investigated-extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-we found that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced JNK activation is significantly reduced in HEK293 cells treated with small-interfering (si)RNA targeting GAPDH. Co-immunoprecipitation with a GAPDH antibody further revealed protein-protein interactions between GAPDH and JNK in H2O2-stmulated cells. Notably, both JNK activation and these interactions depend on oxidation of the active-site cysteine (Cys152) in GAPDH, as demonstrated by rescue experiments with either exogenous wild-type GAPDH or the cysteine-substituted mutant (C152A) in endogenous GAPDH-knockdown HEK293 cells. Moreover, H2O2-induced translocation of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) into mitochondria, which occurs downstream of JNK activation, is attenuated by endogenous GAPDH knockdown in HEK293 cells. These results suggest a novel role for GAPDH in the JNK signaling pathway under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Itakura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeya Kubo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kaneshige
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidemitsu Nakajima
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan.
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Abstract
IC/BPS is a chronic inflammatory pelvic pain syndrome characterized by lower urinary tract symptoms including unpleasant sensation (pain, pressure, or discomfort) in the suprapubic or bladder area, as well as increased urinary frequency and urgency, and decreased bladder capacity. While its etiology remains unknown, increasing evidence suggests a role for changes in nerve growth factor (NGF) signaling. However, NGF signaling is complex and highly context dependent. NGF activates two receptors, TrkA and p75NTR, which activate distinct but overlapping signaling cascades. Dependent on their coexpression, p75NTR facilitates TrkA actions. Here, we show effects of CYP treatment and pharmacological inhibition of p75NTR (via LM11A-31) and TrkA (ARRY-954) on NGF signaling-related proteins: NGF, TrkA, phosphorylated (p)-TrkA, p75NTR, p-ERK1/2, and p-JNK. Cystitis conditions were associated with increased urothelial NGF expression and decreased TrkA and p75NTR expression as well as altering their co-expression ratio; phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK were also altered. Both TrkA and p75NTR inhibition affected the activation of signaling pathways downstream of TrkA, supporting the hypothesis that NGF actions during cystitis are primarily TrkA-mediated. Our findings, in tandem with our recent companion paper demonstrating the effects of TrkA, TrkB, and p75NTR inhibition on bladder function in a mouse model of cystitis, highlight a variety of potent therapeutic targets and provide further insight into the involvement of NGF signaling in sustained conditions of bladder inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harrison W. Hsiang
- The Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Department of Neurological Sciences, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Beatrice M. Girard
- The Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Department of Neurological Sciences, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Margaret A. Vizzard
- The Larner College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Department of Neurological Sciences, Burlington, VT, United States
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Chen Y, Wen C, Zhong S, Huang L, Xiang Y, Ou Y, Li L, Tang W, Zhou C, Wu Z, Ye W, Wu S, Huang S, Li Z. Oxfendazole Induces Apoptosis in Ovarian Cancer Cells by Activating JNK/MAPK Pathway and Inducing Reactive Oxygen Species Generation. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:1569-1575. [PMID: 37914359 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common and high mortality type of cancer among women worldwide. The majority of patients with OC respond to chemotherapy initially; however, most of them become resistant to chemotherapy and results in a high level of treatment failure in OC. Therefore, novel agents for the treatment of OC are urgently required. Benzimidazole anthelmintics might have the promising efficacy for cancer therapy as their selectively binding activity to β-tubulin. Recent study has shown that one of the benzimidazole anthelmintics oxfendazole inhibited cell growth of non-small cell lung cancer cells, revealing its anti-cancer activity; however, the pharmacological action and detailed mechanism underlying the effects of oxfendazole on OC cells remain unclear. Therefore, the present study investigated the cytotoxic effects of oxfendazole on OC cells. Our results demonstrated that oxfendazole significantly decreased the viability of OC cells. Oxfendazole inhibited the proliferation, induced G2/M phase arrest and apoptotic cell death in A2780 cells. The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was activated and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was increased in OC cells treated with oxfendazole; oxfendazole-induced apoptosis was notably abrogated when co-treated with JNK inhibitor SP600125 and ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), indicating that JNK/MAPK pathway activation and ROS accumulation was associated with the oxfendazole-induced apoptosis of OC cells. Moreover, oxfendazole could also induce the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of cisplatin resistant cells. Collectively, these results revealed that oxfendazole may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanya Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Chuangyu Wen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Shulin Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Lishan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Yuting Xiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Yijing Ou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Guangdong Medical University
| | - Wenting Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Chuyu Zhou
- Tianhe Shipai Huashi Community Health Service Center
| | - Zhixi Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Weibiao Ye
- Department of Pathology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
| | - Shuyi Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Suran Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Zhongjun Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Guangdong Medical University
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Abstract
Extracellular aggregation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and intracellular tau tangles are two major pathogenic hallmarks and critical factors of Alzheimer’s disease. A linear interaction between Aβ and tau protein has been characterized in several models. Aβ induces tau hyperphosphorylation through a complex mechanism; however, the master regulators involved in this linear process are still unclear. In our study with Drosophila melanogaster, we found that Aβ regulated tau hyperphosphorylation and toxicity by activating c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Importantly, Aβ toxicity was dependent on tau hyperphosphorylation, and flies with hypophosphorylated tau were insulated against Aβ-induced toxicity. Strikingly, tau accumulation reciprocally interfered with Aβ degradation and correlated with the reduction in mRNA expression of genes encoding Aβ-degrading enzymes, including dNep1, dNep3, dMmp2, dNep4, and dIDE. Our results indicate that Aβ and tau protein work synergistically to further accelerate Alzheimer’s disease progression and may be considered as a combined target for future development of Alzheimer’s disease therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Dong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jia-Xin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jia-Rui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Peng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Zhang BF, Song W, Wang J, Wen PF, Zhang YM. Anti-high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) mediates the apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells (AEC) by receptor of advanced glycation end-products (RAGE)/ c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway in the rats of crush injuries. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:20. [PMID: 35033142 PMCID: PMC8760810 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02903-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The lung injury is often secondary to severe trauma. In the model of crush syndrome, there may be secondary lung injury. We hypothesize that high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), released from muscle tissue, mediates the apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells (AEC) via HMGB1/Receptor of advanced glycation end-products (RAGE)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway. The study aimed to investigate how HMGB1 mediated the apoptosis of AEC in the rat model. Methods Seventy-five SD male rats were randomly divided into five groups: CS, CS + vehicle, CS + Ethyl pyruvate (EP), CS + FPS-ZM1 group, and CS + SP600125 groups. When the rats CS model were completed after 24 h, the rats were sacrificed. We collected the serum and the whole lung tissues. Inflammatory cytokines were measured in serum samples. Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to quantify the protein and mRNA. Lastly, apoptotic cells were detected by TUNEL. We used SPSS 25.0 for statistical analyses. Results Nine rats died during the experiments. Dead rats were excluded from further analysis. Compared to the CS group, levels of HMGB1 and inflammatory cytokines in serum were downregulated in CS + EP, CS + FPS-ZM1, and CS + SP600125 groups. Western blot and RT-qPCR analysis revealed a significant downregulation of HMGB1, RAGE, and phosphorylated-JNK in CS + EP, CS + FPS-ZM1, and CS + SP600125 groups, compared with the CS groups, excluding total-JNK mRNA. Apoptosis of AEC was used TUNEL to assess. We found the TUNEL-positive cells were downregulated in CS + EP, CS + FPS-ZM1, and CS + SP600125 groups. Conclusion The remote lung injury begins early after crush injuries. The HMGB1/RAGE/JNK signaling axis is an attractive target to abrogate the apoptosis of AEC after crush injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Fei Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 555 Youyi East Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 555 Youyi East Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 555 Youyi East Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Wen
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 555 Youyi East Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Min Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 555 Youyi East Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710054, People's Republic of China.
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10
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He N, Qu YJ, Li DY, Yue SW. RIP3 Inhibition ameliorates chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain by suppressing JNK signaling. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:24417-24431. [PMID: 34772825 PMCID: PMC8610111 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a major contributor to neuropathic pain. Receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 3 (RIP3) senses cellular stress, promotes inflammatory responses and activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling. Here, we assessed the involvement of RIP3-induced JNK signaling in chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain. We found that RIP3 inhibitors (GSK'872) and JNK inhibitors (SP600125) not only alleviated the radiant heat response and mechanical allodynia in CCI rats, but also reduced inflammatory factor levels in the lumbar spinal cord. CCI surgery induced RIP3 mRNA and protein expression in the spinal cord. GSK'872 treatment after CCI surgery reduced RIP3 and phosphorylated (p)-JNK expression in the spinal cord, whereas SP600125 treatment after CCI surgery had almost no effect on RIP3. Sinomenine treatment reduced RIP3, p-JNK and c-Fos levels in the spinal cords of CCI rats. These data demonstrated that RIP3 inhibition (particularly via sinomenine treatment) alleviates neuropathic pain by suppressing JNK signaling. RIP3 could thus be a new treatment target in patients with neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na He
- Rehabilitation Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Institute of Rehabilitation Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-Juan Qu
- Rehabilitation Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dan-Yang Li
- Rehabilitation Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shou-Wei Yue
- Rehabilitation Center, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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11
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Miller MR, Koch SR, Choi H, Lamb FS, Stark RJ. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) inhibition reduces endothelial cytokine production without improving permeability after toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) challenge. Transl Res 2021; 235:115-128. [PMID: 33857660 PMCID: PMC8328918 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis represents a life-threatening event often mediated by the host's response to pathogens such as gram-negative organisms, which release the proinflammatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Within the endothelium, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is an important driver of endothelial injury during sepsis, of which oxidant-sensitive apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is postulated to be a critical upstream regulator. We hypothesized that ASK1 would play a key role in endothelial inflammation during bacterial challenge. Utilizing RNA sequencing data from patients and cultured human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs), ASK1 expression was increased in sepsis and after LPS challenge. Two ASK1 inhibitors, GS444217 and MSC2023964A, reduced cytokine production in HMVECs following LPS stimulation, but had no effect on permeability as measured by transendothelial electrical resistance and intercellular space. MAPKs are known to interact with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and ASK1 expression levels correlated with eNOS expression in patients with septic shock. In addition, eNOS physically interacted with ASK1, though this interaction was not altered by ASK1 inhibition, nor did inhibition alter MAPK p38 activity. Instead, among MAPKs, ASK1 inhibition only impaired LPS-induced JNK phosphorylation. The reduction in JNK activation caused by ASK1 inhibition impaired JNK-mediated cytokine production without affecting permeability. Thus, LPS triggers JNK-dependent cytokine production that requires ASK1 activation, but both its effects on permeability and activation of p38 are ASK1-independent. These data demonstrate how distinct MAPK signaling pathways regulate endothelial inflammatory outputs during acute infectious challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Stephen R Koch
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Hyehun Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Fred S Lamb
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ryan J Stark
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
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Benoit B, Baillet A, Poüs C. Cytoskeleton and Associated Proteins: Pleiotropic JNK Substrates and Regulators. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8375. [PMID: 34445080 PMCID: PMC8395060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review extensively reports data from the literature concerning the complex relationships between the stress-induced c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and the four main cytoskeleton elements, which are actin filaments, microtubules, intermediate filaments, and septins. To a lesser extent, we also focused on the two membrane-associated cytoskeletons spectrin and ESCRT-III. We gather the mechanisms controlling cytoskeleton-associated JNK activation and the known cytoskeleton-related substrates directly phosphorylated by JNK. We also point out specific locations of the JNK upstream regulators at cytoskeletal components. We finally compile available techniques and tools that could allow a better characterization of the interplay between the different types of cytoskeleton filaments upon JNK-mediated stress and during development. This overview may bring new important information for applied medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Benoit
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM UMR-S-1193, 5 Rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (A.B.); (C.P.)
| | - Anita Baillet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM UMR-S-1193, 5 Rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (A.B.); (C.P.)
| | - Christian Poüs
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM UMR-S-1193, 5 Rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (A.B.); (C.P.)
- Biochimie-Hormonologie, AP-HP Université Paris-Saclay, Site Antoine Béclère, 157 Rue de la Porte de Trivaux, 92141 Clamart, France
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13
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Wu BM, Bargaineer J, Zhang L, Yang T, Xiong ZG, Leng TD. Upregulation of acid sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) by hydrogen peroxide through the JNK pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1248-1255. [PMID: 33184449 PMCID: PMC8285496 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is intimately tied to neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and acute injuries, such as ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury. Acid sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a), a proton-gated ion channel, has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases. However, whether oxidative stress affects the expression of ASIC1a remains elusive. In the current study, we examined the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a major reactive oxygen species (ROS), on ASIC1a protein expression and channel function in NS20Y cells and primary cultured mouse cortical neurons. We found that treatment of the cells with H2O2 (20 µM) for 6 h or longer increased ASIC1a protein expression and ASIC currents without causing significant cell injury. H2O2 incubation activated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathways, including the extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 pathways. We found that neither inhibition of the MEK/ERK pathway by U0126 nor inhibition of the p38 pathway by SB203580 affected H2O2-induced ASIC1a expression, whereas inhibition of the JNK pathway by SP600125 potently decreased ASIC1a expression and abolished the H2O2-mediated increase in ASIC1a expression and ASIC currents. Furthermore, we found that H2O2 pretreatment increased the sensitivity of ASIC currents to the ASIC1a inhibitor PcTx1, providing additional evidence that H2O2 increases the expression of functional ASIC1a channels. Together, our data demonstrate that H2O2 increases ASIC1a expression/activation through the JNK signaling pathway, which may provide insight into the pathogenesis of neurological disorders that involve both ROS and activation of ASIC1a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Ming Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Jaree Bargaineer
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Zhi-Gang Xiong
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
| | - Tian-Dong Leng
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
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14
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Abstract
Pyoluteorin is a natural occurring antibiotic and its anti-tumor activity has rarely been reported. This study aims to investigate the anti-tumor effects of pyoluteorin on human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. The cell proliferation was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptosis was determined through caspase3 activity assay and immunoblotting. Autophagy was measured by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and immunostaining. The autophagy-related proteins were detected through immunoblotting. We found that pyoluteorin showed significant anti-tumor effects on human NSCLC cell lines H1299 (IC50 = 1.57 µM) and H2030 (IC50 = 1.94 µM). Moreover, pyoluteorin could induce apoptosis and autophagy as evidence by the upregulation of caspase3 activity, the accumulation of LC3 and expression of apoptosis or autophagy related proteins. In addition, pyoluteorin induced autophagy through c-Jun N-terminal kinase/B-cell lymphoma-2 (JNK/Bcl-2) signal pathway. Blocking JNK/Bcl-2 pathway significantly attenuated pyoluteorin-induced autophagy. Moreover, inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or Beclin1 knockout greatly promoted pyoluteorin-induced apoptosis and cell death. Our results showed that pyoluteorin could induce both apoptosis and autophagy in human NSCLC cells. Combination of pyoluteorin with autophagy inhibitior significantly promoted pyoluteorin-induced apoptosis and may be a potential anticancer strategy in the NSCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daping Fan
- Department of Respiratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
| | - Shihuan Yu
- Department of Respiratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Respiratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
| | - Siying Qu
- Department of Respiratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
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Huang HM, Huang CC, Poon LYC, Chang YC. Artemin Is Upregulated by TrkB Agonist and Protects the Immature Retina Against Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury by Suppressing Neuroinflammation and Astrogliosis. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:645000. [PMID: 33912011 PMCID: PMC8072488 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.645000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemia (HI) is a major cause of acquired visual impairment in children from developed countries. Previous studies have shown that systemic administration of 7,8-dihydroxyavone (DHF), a selective tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) agonist, provides long-term neuroprotection against HI injury in an immature retina. However, the target genes and the mechanisms of the neuroprotective effects of TrkB signaling are not known. In the present study, we induced an HI retinal injury through unilateral common carotid artery ligation followed by 8% oxygen for 2 h in P7 rat pups. DHF was administered intraperitoneally 2 h before and 18 h after the HI injury. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array was used to identify the target genes upregulated after the DHF treatment, which was then confirmed with quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR and a western blot. Effects of the downstream mediator of DHF were assessed using an intravitreal injection of neutralizing antibody 4 h after DHF administration (24 h after HI). Meanwhile, the target protein was injected into the vitreous 24 h after HI to validate its protective effect when exogenously supplemented. We found that systemic DHF treatment after HI significantly increased the expression of the artemin (ARTN) gene and protein at P8 and P10, respectively. The neuroprotective effects of DHF were inhibited after the ARTN protein blockade, with an increase in neuroinflammation and astrogliosis. ARTN treatment showed long-term protection against HI injury at both the histopathological and functional levels. The neuroprotective effects of ARTN were related to a decrease in microglial activation at P17 and attenuation of astrogliosis at P29. ARTN enhances phosphorylation of RET, ERK, and JNK, but not AKT or p38 in the immature retina. Altogether, these results suggest that the neuroprotective effect of a TrkB agonist is partially exerted through a mechanism that involves ARTN because the protective effect is ameliorated by ARTN sequestration. ARTN treatment after HI injury protects the immature retina by attenuating late neuroinflammation and astrogliosis in the immature retina relating to the ARTN/RET/JNK/ERK signaling pathway. ARTN may be a strategy by which to provide long-term protection in the immature retina against HI injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Mei Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ching Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Linda Yi-Chieh Poon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chao Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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Xu Y, Gu Y, Ji W, Dong Q. Activation of the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/ c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signal pathway and osteogenic factors in subchondral bone of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Ann Transl Med 2021; 9:663. [PMID: 33987361 PMCID: PMC8106020 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background The objectives of this study was to explore the activation of the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway and osteogenesis-related factors in the subchondral bone of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Ten patients with primary OA who underwent total knee arthroplasty in the Department of Arthritis Surgery of our hospital were enrolled, and subchondral bone tissue samples were obtained during the operation. He staining and saffron staining were used to observe the arrangement of chondrocytes in the patient tissues. The protein expression levels of JNK, p-JNK, ERK, p-ERK, Runx2 and OMD in subchondral bone were detected by Western Blot. Knee osteoarthritis mice were established. He staining was used to observe the arrangement of subchondral bone cells in the knee joint of mice. Cellular mineralized nodules were determined by alizarin red staining. Results Firstly, in general and staining, it was observed that the subchondral bone lesions of knee OA participants were obvious. Compared with normal knee joints, the levels of phosphorylation-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (P-JNK) and phosphorylation-extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (P-ERK) in the subchondral bone of knee arthritis participants were significantly increased (P<0.05). The level of osteomodulin (OMD) was significantly reduced (P<0.05). Secondly, compared with normal mice, the levels of JNK, P-JNK, OMD, ERK, and P-ERK in the model group were significantly different (P<0.05). At 2-8 weeks, the JNK and P-JNK levels in the mice model group increased significantly over time (P<0.05), and the OMD level decreased significantly over time (P<0.05). The levels of ERK and P-ERK fluctuated over time. Thirdly, osteoblasts were treated with different concentrations of anisomycin, and stained with alizarin red after continuous culture for 24 and 48 h, respectively. It was found that all the cells were stained with orange-red mineralized nodules. As the concentration of anisomycin was increased, the number of cell mineralization nodules was significantly larger, and the positive rate of chemical nodules increased. Different concentrations of anisomycin were given to interfere with the osteoblasts of mice. When anisomycin was administered at a dose of 25 ng, the OMD level reached the highest level. When the concentration of anisomycin was increased, the osteocalcin (OCN) level also showed an upward trend. Conclusions The process by which the JNK signaling pathway regulates OMD may be closely related to the pathological changes of subchondral bone in patients with knee OA, and is involved in the occurrence and development of knee arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaofeng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuguo Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Wanbo Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Qirong Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Rajedadram A, Pin KY, Ling SK, Yan SW, Looi ML. Hydroxychavicol, a polyphenol from Piper betle leaf extract, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in TP53-resistant HT-29 colon cancer cells. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:112-122. [PMID: 33615752 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to elucidate the antiproliferative mechanism of hydroxychavicol (HC). Its effects on cell cycle, apoptosis, and the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in HT-29 colon cancer cells were investigated. HC was isolated from Piper betle leaf (PBL) and verified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The cytotoxic effects of the standard drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), PBL water extract, and HC on HT-29 cells were measured after 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment. Cell cycle and apoptosis modulation by 5-FU and HC treatments were investigated up to 30 h. Changes in phosphorylated JNK (pJNK) and P38 (pP38) MAPK expression were observed up to 18 h. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of HC (30 μg/mL) and PBL water extract (380 μg/mL) were achieved at 24 h, whereas the IC50 of 5-FU (50 μmol/L) was obtained at 72 h. Cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in HC-treated cells was observed from 12 h onwards. Higher apoptotic cell death in HC-treated cells compared to 5-FU-treated cells (P<0.05) was observed. High expression of pJNK and pP38 MAPK was observed at 12 h in HC-treated cells, but not in 5-FU-treated HT-29 cells (P<0.05). It is concluded that HC induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of HT-29 cells, with these actions possibly mediated by JNK and P38 MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiysvariyah Rajedadram
- School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Kar Yong Pin
- Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Malaysia
| | - Sui Kiong Ling
- Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Malaysia
| | - See Wan Yan
- School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Mee Lee Looi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Siwecka N, Rozpędek-Kamińska W, Wawrzynkiewicz A, Pytel D, Diehl JA, Majsterek I. The Structure, Activation and Signaling of IRE1 and Its Role in Determining Cell Fate. Biomedicines 2021; 9:156. [PMID: 33562589 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inositol-requiring enzyme type 1 (IRE1) is a serine/threonine kinase acting as one of three branches of the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) signaling pathway, which is activated upon endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress conditions. It is known to be capable of inducing both pro-survival and pro-apoptotic cellular responses, which are strictly related to numerous human pathologies. Among others, IRE1 activity has been confirmed to be increased in cancer, neurodegeneration, inflammatory and metabolic disorders, which are associated with an accumulation of misfolded proteins within ER lumen and the resulting ER stress conditions. Emerging evidence suggests that genetic or pharmacological modulation of IRE1 may have a significant impact on cell viability, and thus may be a promising step forward towards development of novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we extensively describe the structural analysis of IRE1 molecule, the molecular dynamics associated with IRE1 activation, and interconnection between it and the other branches of the UPR with regard to its potential use as a therapeutic target. Detailed knowledge of the molecular characteristics of the IRE1 protein and its activation may allow the design of specific kinase or RNase modulators that may act as drug candidates.
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Suzuki S, Okada M, Sanomachi T, Togashi K, Seino S, Sato A, Yamamoto M, Kitanaka C. Therapeutic targeting of pancreatic cancer stem cells by dexamethasone modulation of the MKP-1-JNK axis. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:18328-18342. [PMID: 33115754 PMCID: PMC7939393 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Postoperative recurrence from microscopic residual disease must be prevented to cure intractable cancers, including pancreatic cancer. Key to this goal is the elimination of cancer stem cells (CSCs) endowed with tumor-initiating capacity and drug resistance. However, current therapeutic strategies capable of accomplishing this are insufficient. Using in vitro models of CSCs and in vivo models of tumor initiation in which CSCs give rise to xenograft tumors, we show that dexamethasone induces expression of MKP-1, a MAPK phosphatase, via glucocorticoid receptor activation, thereby inactivating JNK, which is required for self-renewal and tumor initiation by pancreatic CSCs as well as for their expression of survivin, an anti-apoptotic protein implicated in multidrug resistance. We also demonstrate that systemic administration of clinically relevant doses of dexamethasone together with gemcitabine prevents tumor formation by CSCs in a pancreatic cancer xenograft model. Our study thus provides preclinical evidence for the efficacy of dexamethasone as an adjuvant therapy to prevent postoperative recurrence in patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan; Department of Clinical Oncology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masashi Okada
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
| | - Tomomi Sanomachi
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan; Department of Clinical Oncology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Keita Togashi
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shizuka Seino
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Chifumi Kitanaka
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan; Research Institute for Promotion of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan.
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Hepp Rehfeldt SC, Majolo F, Goettert MI, Laufer S. c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Inhibitors as Potential Leads for New Therapeutics for Alzheimer's Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9677. [PMID: 33352989 PMCID: PMC7765872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is becoming more prevalent as the population lives longer. For individuals over 60 years of age, the prevalence of AD is estimated at 40.19% across the world. Regarding the cognitive decline caused by the disease, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathways such as the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway are involved in the progressive loss of neurons and synapses, brain atrophy, and augmentation of the brain ventricles, being activated by synaptic dysfunction, oxidative stress, and excitotoxicity. Nowadays, AD symptoms are manageable, but the disease itself remains incurable, thus the inhibition of JNK3 has been explored as a possible therapeutic target, considering that JNK is best known for its involvement in propagating pro-apoptotic signals. This review aims to present biological aspects of JNK, focusing on JNK3 and how it relates to AD. It was also explored the recent development of inhibitors that could be used in AD treatment since several drugs/compounds in phase III clinical trials failed. General aspects of the MAPK family, therapeutic targets, and experimental treatment in models are described and discussed throughout this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Cristine Hepp Rehfeldt
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Vale do Taquari (Univates), Lajeado CEP 95914-014, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (S.C.H.R.); (F.M.)
| | - Fernanda Majolo
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Vale do Taquari (Univates), Lajeado CEP 95914-014, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (S.C.H.R.); (F.M.)
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (BraIns), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre CEP 90619-900, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Márcia Inês Goettert
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Vale do Taquari (Univates), Lajeado CEP 95914-014, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (S.C.H.R.); (F.M.)
| | - Stefan Laufer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tuebingen, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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Ullah R, Jo MH, Riaz M, Alam SI, Saeed K, Ali W, Rehman IU, Ikram M, Kim MO. Glycine, the smallest amino acid, confers neuroprotection against D-galactose-induced neurodegeneration and memory impairment by regulating c-Jun N-terminal kinase in the mouse brain. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:303. [PMID: 33059700 PMCID: PMC7566050 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01989-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glycine is the smallest nonessential amino acid and has previously unrecognized neurotherapeutic effects. In this study, we examined the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of glycine (Gly) against neuroapoptosis, neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and memory impairment resulting from d-galactose-induced elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the onset of neurodegeneration in the brains of C57BL/6N mice. Methods After in vivo administration of d-galactose (d-gal; 100 mg/kg/day; intraperitoneally (i/p); for 60 days) alone or in combination with glycine (1 g/kg/day in saline solution; subcutaneously; for 60 days), all of the mice were sacrificed for further biochemical (ROS/lipid peroxidation (LPO) assay, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry) after behavioral analyses. An in vitro study, in which mouse hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells were treated with or without a JNK-specific inhibitor (SP600125), and molecular docking analysis were used to confirm the underlying molecular mechanism and explore the related signaling pathway prior to molecular and histological analyses. Results Our findings indicated that glycine (an amino acid) inhibited d-gal-induced oxidative stress and significantly upregulated the expression and immunoreactivity of antioxidant proteins (Nrf2 and HO-1) that had been suppressed in the mouse brain. Both the in vitro and in vivo results indicated that d-gal induced oxidative stress-mediated neurodegeneration primarily by upregulating phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) levels. However, d-gal + Gly cotreatment reversed the neurotoxic effects of d-gal by downregulating p-JNK levels, which had been elevated by d-gal. We also found that Gly reversed d-gal-induced neuroapoptosis by significantly reducing the protein expression levels of proapoptotic markers (Bax, cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved PARP-1) and increasing the protein expression level of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. Both the molecular docking approach and the in vitro study (in which the neuronal HT22 cells were treated with or without a p-JNK-specific inhibitor (SP600125)) further verified our in vivo findings that Gly bound to the p-JNK protein and inhibited its function and the JNK-mediated apoptotic pathway in the mouse brain and HT22 cells. Moreover, the addition of Gly alleviated d-gal-mediated neuroinflammation by inhibiting gliosis via attenuation of astrocytosis (GFAP) and microgliosis (Iba-1) in addition to reducing the protein expression levels of various inflammatory cytokines (IL-1βeta and TNFα). Finally, the addition of Gly reversed d-gal-induced synaptic dysfunction by upregulating the expression of memory-related presynaptic protein markers (synaptophysin (SYP), syntaxin (Syn), and a postsynaptic density protein (PSD95)) and markedly improved behavioral measures of cognitive deficits in d-gal-treated mice. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that Gly-mediated deactivation of the JNK signaling pathway underlies the neuroprotective effect of Gly, which reverses d-gal-induced oxidative stress, apoptotic neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and memory impairment. Therefore, we suggest that Gly (an amino acid) is a safe and promising neurotherapeutic candidate that might be used for age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Ullah
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeung Hoon Jo
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Sayed Ibrar Alam
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Kamran Saeed
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Waqar Ali
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Inayat Ur Rehman
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
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Yang L, Zhu X, Ni Y, Wu D, Tian Y, Chen Z, Li M, Zhang H, Liang D. MicroRNA-34c Inhibits Osteogenic Differentiation and Valvular Interstitial Cell Calcification via STC1-Mediated JNK Pathway in Calcific Aortic Valve Disease. Front Physiol 2020; 11:829. [PMID: 32982764 PMCID: PMC7489094 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD), a common heart valve disease, is increasingly prevalent worldwide and causes high morbidity and mortality. Here, we aimed to investigate a possible role for miR-34c in the development of osteogenic differentiation during CAVD and to find out the underlying mechanisms. Valvular interstitial cells (VICs) were isolated from the clinical aortic valve tissue samples of CAVD patients and patients with acute aortic dissection and collected. Then, RT-qPCR was performed to determine miR-34c expression and western blot analysis was applied to confirm the relevant protein expression in these VICs. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was applied to confirm the relation between miR-34c and STC1. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and alizarin red staining was performed to further confirm the degree of calcification in these samples. MiR-34c was lowly expressed and STC1 was highly expressed in the CAVD tissues. Furthermore, STC1 was the target of miR-34c and was negatively regulated by miR-34c. Overexpression of miR-34c in VICs was concomitant with suppression of both STC1 expression and phosphorylation level of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). In addition, significant decrease of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) and osteocalcin, as well as the decrease of calcification degree were also observed in VICs with miR-34c overexpressed. Taken together, miR-34c could inhibit osteogenic differentiation and calcification of VICs by suppressing the STC1/JNK signaling pathway in CAVD, making miR-34c a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of CAVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieming Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingying Ni
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dawei Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yikui Tian
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingbiao Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Degang Liang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Abstract
Background Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. Vitexin (apigenin-8-C-D-glucopyranoside), a bioactive compound isolated from a variety of plants, has multiple protective effects on human health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of vitexin in RC and the related molecular mechanism. Methods Proliferation was tested with Cell Counting Kit-8 and Edu staining. Apoptosis was studied with flow cytometry. Immunofluorescent was applied to show LC3 spots. BALB/c nude mice bearing ACHN cells were established and immunohistochemical staining was applied to validate the in vivo effects of vitexin. All the effects and possible signaling pathways involved were validated with western blotting. Results Seventy micromole of vitexin started to show significant effect on the growth of normal renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2), so 0, 10, 20 and 40 µM of vitexin were used in later experiments. Vitexin inhibited growth and induced apoptosis of ACHN and OS-RC-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and promoted excessive autophagy by reducing p62 levels and increasing Beclin1 and LC3II levels. Western blotting revealed that vitexin significantly increased the phosphorylation levels of Adenosine Monophosphate Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in ACHN and OS-RC-2 cells, while decreasing the phosphorylation levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/activates protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR). In BALB/c nude mice bearing ACHN cells, vitexin inhibited tumor growth, reduced Ki67 and increased caspase-3 levels in the tumor tissues. Conclusions The results indicated that the tumor suppressive role of vitexin in ACHN and OS-RC-2 cells involved AMPK/mTOR, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and JNK pathways. Therefore, vitexin may be a promising drug for the treatment of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Jingmen, Jingmen, China
| | - Qinghai Sun
- Clinical Medicine Discipline, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Medicine, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Medicine, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
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24
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Duong MTH, Lee JH, Ahn HC. C-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitors: Structural insight into kinase-inhibitor complexes. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:1440-1457. [PMID: 32637042 PMCID: PMC7327381 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) plays an important role in physiological processes including neuronal function, immune activity, and development, and thus, JNKs have been a therapeutic target for various diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, and cancer. Efforts to develop JNK-specific inhibitors have been ongoing for several decades. In this process, the structures of JNK in complex with various inhibitors have contributed greatly to the design of novel compounds and to the elucidation of structure-activity relationships. Almost 100 JNK structures with various compounds have been determined. Here we summarize the information gained from these structures and classify the inhibitors into several groups based on the binding mode. These groups include inhibitors in the open conformation and closed conformation of the gatekeeper residue, non-ATP site binders, peptides, covalent inhibitors, and type II kinase inhibitors. Through this work, deep insight into the interaction of inhibitors with JNKs can be gained and this will be helpful for developing novel, potent, and selective inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Men Thi Hoai Duong
- Department of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Gyeonggi 10326, South Korea
| | - Joon-Hwa Lee
- Department of Chemistry and RINS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, South Korea
| | - Hee-Chul Ahn
- Department of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Gyeonggi 10326, South Korea
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25
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Terazawa S, Nakano M, Yamamoto A, Imokawa G. Mycosporine-like amino acids stimulate hyaluronan secretion by up-regulating hyaluronan synthase 2 via activation of the p38/MSK1/CREB/c-Fos/AP-1 axis. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:7274-7288. [PMID: 32284328 PMCID: PMC7247295 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is an extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan that critically supports the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the skin. Here, we demonstrate that mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), which typically function as UV-absorbing compounds, can stimulate HA secretion from normal human fibroblasts. MAA-stimulated HA secretion was associated with significantly increased and decreased levels of mRNAs encoding HA synthase 2 (HAS2) and the HA-binding protein involved in HA depolymerization (designated HYBID), respectively. Using immunoblotting, we found that MAAs at 10 and at 25 μg/ml stimulate the phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/c-Jun, and mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase 1 (MSK1) (at Thr-581, Ser-360, and Ser-376, respectively) and activation of cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) and activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2), but not phosphorylation of JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK) or NF-κB (at Ser-276 or Ser-536, respectively), and increased c-Fos protein levels. Moreover, a p38-specific inhibitor, but not inhibitors of MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK), JNK, or NF-κB, significantly abrogated the increased expression of HAS2 mRNA, accompanied by significantly decreased MAA-stimulated HA secretion. These results suggested that the p38-MSK1-CREB-c-Fos-transcription factor AP-1 (AP-1) or the p38-ATF2 signaling cascade is responsible for the MAA-induced stimulation of HAS2 gene expression. Of note, siRNA-mediated ATF2 silencing failed to abrogate MAA-stimulated HAS2 expression, and c-Fos silencing abolished the increased expression of HAS2 mRNA. Our findings suggest that MAAs stimulate HA secretion by up-regulating HAS2 mRNA levels through activation of an intracellular signaling cascade consisting of p38, MSK1, CREB, c-Fos, and AP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuko Terazawa
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan
| | - Masahiko Nakano
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan; Cosmetic Research Center, Doctor's Choice Co., Ltd., Tokyo 102-0071, Japan
| | - Akio Yamamoto
- Cosmetic Research Center, Doctor's Choice Co., Ltd., Tokyo 102-0071, Japan
| | - Genji Imokawa
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan; Research Institute for Biological Functions, Chubu University of Technology, Aichi 487-8501, Japan.
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26
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Hoang VT, Nyswaner K, Torres-Ayuso P, Brognard J. The protein kinase MAP3K19 phosphorylates MAP2Ks and thereby activates ERK and JNK kinases and increases viability of KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:8470-8479. [PMID: 32358059 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying additional mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway regulators is invaluable in aiding our understanding of the complex signaling networks that regulate cellular processes, including cell proliferation and survival. Here, using in vitro kinase assays and by expressing WT or kinase-dead MAPK kinase kinase 19 (MAP3K19) in the HEK293T cell line and assessing activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways, we defined MAP3K19 as a novel regulator of MAPK signaling. We also observed that overexpression of WT MAP3K19 activates both the ERK and JNK pathways in a panel of cancer cell lines. Furthermore, MAP3K19 sustained ERK pathway activation in the presence of inhibitors targeting the RAF proto-oncogene Ser/Thr protein kinase (RAF) and MAPK/ERK kinase, indicating that MAP3K19 activates ERK via a RAF-independent mechanism. Findings from in vitro and in-cell kinase assays demonstrate that MAP3K19 is a kinase that directly phosphorylates both MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK) and MAPK kinase 7 (MKK7). Results from an short-hairpin RNA screen indicated that MAP3K19 is essential for maintaining survival in KRAS-mutant cancers; therefore, we depleted or inhibited MAP3K19 in KRAS-mutant cancer cell lines and observed that this reduces viability and decreases ERK and JNK pathway activation. In summary, our results reveal that MAP3K19 directly activates the ERK and JNK cascades and highlight a role for this kinase in maintaining survival of KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van T Hoang
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Katherine Nyswaner
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Pedro Torres-Ayuso
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - John Brognard
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
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27
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Yoon J, Cho Y, Kim KY, Yoon MJ, Lee HS, Jeon SD, Cho Y, Kim C, Kim MG. A JUN N-terminal kinase inhibitor induces ectodomain shedding of the cancer-associated membrane protease Prss14/epithin via protein kinase CβII. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:7168-7177. [PMID: 32241917 PMCID: PMC7242708 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine protease 14 (Prss14)/epithin is a transmembrane serine protease that plays essential roles in tumor progression and metastasis and therefore is a promising target for managing cancer. Prss14/epithin shedding may underlie its activity in cancer and worsen outcomes; accordingly, a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms in Prss14/epithin shedding may inform the design of future cancer therapies. On the basis of our previous observation that an activator of PKC, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), induces Prss14/epithin shedding, here we further investigated the intracellular signaling pathway involved in this process. While using mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors to investigate possible effectors of downstream PKC signaling, we unexpectedly found that an inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), SP600125, induces Prss14/epithin shedding even in the absence of PMA. SP600125-induced shedding, like that stimulated by PMA, was mediated by tumor necrosis factor-α–converting enzyme. In contrast, a JNK activator, anisomycin, partially abolished the effects of SP600125 on Prss14/epithin shedding. Moreover, the results from loss-of-function experiments with specific inhibitors, short hairpin RNA–mediated knockdown, and overexpression of dominant-negative PKCβII variants indicated that PKCβII is a major player in JNK inhibition– and PMA-mediated Prss14/epithin shedding. SP600125 increased phosphorylation of PKCβII and tumor necrosis factor-α–converting enzyme and induced their translocation into the plasma membrane. Finally, in vitro cell invasion experiments and bioinformatics analysis of data in The Cancer Genome Atlas breast cancer database revealed that JNK and PKCβII are important for Prss14/epithin-mediated cancer progression. These results provide important information regarding strategies against tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joobyoung Yoon
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Youngkyung Cho
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Ki Yeon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Min Ji Yoon
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hyo Seon Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sangjun Davie Jeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Yongcheol Cho
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Chungho Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Moon Gyo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
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28
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Han J, Lv W, Sheng H, Wang Y, Cao L, Huang S, Zhu L, Hu J. Ecliptasaponin A induces apoptosis through the activation of ASK1/JNK pathway and autophagy in human lung cancer cells. Ann Transl Med 2019; 7:539. [PMID: 31807521 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.10.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the causes of carcinomas mortality worldwide. Ecliptasaponin A (ES), a natural product extracted from the plant known as Eclipta prostrata, has been reported as an anti-cancer drug against various cancer cell lines. However, the exact mechanisms of ES have not yet been fully characterized. Methods Numerous studies have been done to support that ES has a powerful inhibiting effect on the growth of cancers via the activation of apoptosis and autophagy. To explore the underlying mechanisms of anti-cancer and investigate the relationships of the apoptosis and autophagy, we used apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) inhibitor (GS-4997), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor (SP600125), and autophagy inhibitor [chloroquine (CQ) and 3-methyladenine (3-MA)]. Results ES could potently suppress cell viability and induces apoptotic cell death of human lung cancer cells H460 and H1975. ES activated apoptosis via ASK1/JNK pathway, GS-4997 and SP600125 can attenuated these effects. Furthermore, ES could triggered autophagy in lung cancer cell lines, and the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA and CQ reversed ES-induced apoptosis in H460 and H1975 cells. Furthermore, SP600125 can inhibit autophagy. Conclusions This study showed that ES induces apoptosis in human lung cancer cells by triggering enhanced autophagy and ASK1/JNK pathway, which may thus be a promising agent against lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Wang Lv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hongxu Sheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Longxiang Cao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Sha Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Linhai Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
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29
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Schattauer SS, Bedini A, Summers F, Reilly-Treat A, Andrews MM, Land BB, Chavkin C. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is stimulated by κ opioid receptor activation through phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase and inhibited by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:16884-16896. [PMID: 31575661 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) by the Gi/o protein-coupled κ opioid receptor (KOR), μ opioid, and D2 dopamine receptors stimulates peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6)-mediated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS production by KOR-inactivating antagonists norbinaltorphimine (norBNI) and JDTic blocks Gαi protein activation, but the signaling mechanisms and consequences of JNK activation by KOR agonists remain uncharacterized. Binding of arrestins to KOR causes desensitization of G protein signaling and acts as a scaffold to initiate MAPK activation. Here, we found that the KOR agonists U50,488 and dynorphin B stimulated biphasic JNK activation with an early arrestin-independent phase, requiring the small G protein RAC family small GTPase 1 (RAC1) and protein kinase C (PKC), and a later arrestin-scaffolded phase, requiring RAC1 and Ras homolog family member (RHO) kinase. JNK activation by U50,488 and dynorphin B also stimulated PRDX6-dependent ROS production but with an inverted U-shaped dose-response relationship. KOR agonist-induced ROS generation resulted from the early arrestin-independent phase of JNK activation, and this ROS response was suppressed by arrestin-dependent activation of the MAPK p38. The apparent balance between p38 MAPK and JNK/ROS signaling has important physiological implications for understanding of dynorphin activities during the stress response. To visualize these activities, we monitored KOR agonist-mediated activation of ROS in transfected live cells by two fluorescent sensors, CellROX Green and HyPerRed. These findings establish an important aspect of opioid receptor signaling and suggest that ROS induction may be part of the physiological response to KOR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selena S Schattauer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Andrea Bedini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Irnerio, 48-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Floyd Summers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Aiden Reilly-Treat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Mackenzie M Andrews
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington College of Engineering, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Benjamin B Land
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Charles Chavkin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
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30
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Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosomal pathway that degrades and recycles unused or dysfunctional cell components as well as toxic cytosolic materials. Basal autophagy favors cell survival. However, the aberrant regulation of autophagy can promote pathological conditions. The autophagy pathway is regulated by several cell-stress and cell-survival signaling pathways that can be targeted for the purpose of disease control. In experimental models of disease, the carotenoid astaxanthin has been shown to modulate autophagy by regulating signaling pathways, including the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), cellular homolog of murine thymoma virus akt8 oncogene (Akt), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), such as c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38. Astaxanthin is a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of a wide variety of diseases by regulating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhn Hyung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Hyeyoung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
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31
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Gao S, Ghoshal S, Zhang L, Stevens JR, McCommis KS, Finck BN, Lopaschuk GD, Butler AA. The peptide hormone adropin regulates signal transduction pathways controlling hepatic glucose metabolism in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:13366-13377. [PMID: 31324719 PMCID: PMC6737218 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The peptide hormone adropin regulates energy metabolism in skeletal muscle and plays important roles in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis. Besides muscle, the liver has an essential role in regulating glucose homeostasis. Previous studies have reported that treatment of diet-induced obese (DIO) male mice with adropin34-76 (the putative secreted domain) reduces fasting blood glucose independently of body weight changes, suggesting that adropin suppresses glucose production in the liver. Here, we explored the molecular mechanisms underlying adropin's effects on hepatic glucose metabolism in DIO mice. Male DIO B6 mice maintained on a high-fat diet received five intraperitoneal injections of adropin34-76 (450 nmol/kg/injection) over a 48-h period. We found that adropin34-76 enhances major intracellular signaling activities in the liver that are involved in insulin-mediated regulation of glucose homeostasis. Moreover, treatment with adropin34-76 alleviated endoplasmic reticulum stress responses and reduced activity of c-Jun N-terminal kinase in the liver, explaining the enhanced activities of hepatic insulin signaling pathways observed with adropin34-76 treatment. Furthermore, adropin34-76 suppressed cAMP activated protein kinase A (PKA) activities, resulting in reduced phosphorylation of inositol trisphosphate receptor, which mediates endoplasmic reticulum calcium efflux, and of cAMP-responsive element-binding protein, a key transcription factor in hepatic regulation of glucose metabolism. Adropin34-76 directly affected liver metabolism, decreasing glucose production and reducing PKA-mediated phosphorylation in primary mouse hepatocytes in vitro Our findings indicate that major hepatic signaling pathways contribute to the improved glycemic control achieved with adropin34-76 treatment in situations of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R7, Canada; Department of Metabolism and Aging, Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Sarbani Ghoshal
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104
| | - Liyan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R7, Canada
| | - Joseph R Stevens
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104
| | - Kyle S McCommis
- Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Brian N Finck
- Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R7, Canada
| | - Andrew A Butler
- Department of Metabolism and Aging, Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104.
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Huang CC, Kuo CY, Yang CY, Liu JM, Hsu RJ, Lee KI, Su CC, Wu CC, Lin CT, Liu SH, Huang CF. Cadmium exposure induces pancreatic β-cell death via a Ca 2+-triggered JNK/CHOP-related apoptotic signaling pathway. Toxicology 2019; 425:152252. [PMID: 31348969 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.152252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is known to be ranked the 7th hazardous substance in the Substance Priority List by Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. The experimental and epidemiological data have suggested that Cd is linked to the development of diabetes mellitus (DM). The molecular mechanism of Cd on the pancreatic β-cell cytotoxicity still remains unclear. Evidence has pointed toward that Ca2+ is an important regulator of toxic insult-induced β-cell cytotoxicity. The role of Ca2+ in the Cd-induced β-cell cytotoxicity is still unknown. In this study, we found that Cd exposure significantly inhibited insulin secretion and cell viability in the pancreatic β-cell-derived RIN-m5F cells. Cd exposure induced apoptotic events, including the increased populations of apoptotic cells and sub-G1 hypodiploid cells, and caspase-3/-7/-9 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activation, which largely depended on the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). Transfection with siRNAs for JNK and CHOP or pretreatment with specific pharmacological inhibitor of JNK (SP600125) in β-cells effectively prevented the Cd-induced insulin secretion dysfunction and apoptosis. JNK-specific siRNA dramatically suppressed Cd-induced JNK phosphorylation and CHOP protein expression, but JNK phosphorylation could not be inhibited by CHOP-specific siRNA. Furthermore, Cd exposure significantly increased the intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) levels. Buffering the Ca2+ response with BAPTA/AM effectively abrogated the Cd-induced [Ca2+]i elevation, insulin secretion dysfunction, apoptosis, and protein expression of JNK phosphorylation and CHOP activation. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that Cd exposure exerts β-cell death via a [Ca2+]i-dependent JNK activation-activated downstream CHOP-related apoptotic signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chin Huang
- Department of Emergency, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, 427, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ying Kuo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua County, 500, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yao Yang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, and Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ming Liu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, 330, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Jun Hsu
- Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-I Lee
- Department of Emergency, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, 427, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Su
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua County, 500, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Ching Wu
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ting Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Fa Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan.
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Wu S, Ma S, Yin X, Yi P, Liu J. An integrated PKD1-dependent signaling network amplifies IRE1 prosurvival signaling. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:11119-11130. [PMID: 31167779 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the accumulation of improperly folded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a condition known as ER stress in this compartment triggers an adaptive signaling pathway referred to as the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR aims at restoring ER homeostasis; if the ER stress cannot be resolved, apoptosis is triggered. However, the mechanisms responsible for regulating the balance between cell life and death decisions that occur after exposure to ER stress remain unclear. Protein kinase D1 (PKD1) has been reported to initiate protective signaling against oxidative stress or ischemia, two conditions that impinge on the induction of ER stress. In addition, the high levels of expression of PKD1, observed in highly proliferative cancers and tumors with poor prognosis, contribute to enhanced resistance to chemotherapy. In this study, we show that the ER stress inducers tunicamycin and thapsigargin lead to the activation of PKD1 in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells and in hepatoma HepG2 cells through a PKCδ-dependent mechanism. Moreover, our data indicate that PKD1 is required for the stabilization of inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) and the subsequent regulation of its activity. PKD1 activation contributes to the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1, resulting in decreased IRE1-mediated c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation. This study unveils the existence of a novel PKD1-dependent prosurvival mechanism that is activated upon ER stress and selectively enhances IRE1 prosurvival signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Shumin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Xueliang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Yi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
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Kim JL, Park SH, Jeong S, Kim BR, Na YJ, Jo MJ, Jeong YA, Yun HK, Kim DY, Kim BG, You S, Oh SC, Lee DH. Sea Cucumber ( Stichopus japonicas) F2 Enhanced TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis via XIAP Ubiquitination and ER Stress in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1061. [PMID: 31083595 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products have shown great promise in sensitizing cells to TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) therapy. Sea cucumber (SC) extracts possess antitumor activity, and hence their potential to sensitize colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to TRAIL therapy was evaluated. This study used Western blotting to evaluate the combination effects of SC and TRAIL in CRC, and determined the molecular mechanism underlying these effects. SC fractions and TRAIL alone did not affect apoptosis; however, combined treatment dramatically induced the apoptosis of CRC cells, but not of normal colon cells. Combined treatment induced the expression of apoptotic proteins (poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), caspase 3, and 8), and this effect was markedly inhibited by the ubiquitination of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP). SC did not affect the mRNA levels, but it increased proteasomal degradation and ubiquitination of the XIAP protein. Furthermore, SC induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, thereby activating c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related apoptotic pathways in CRC. Altogether, our results demonstrate that the SC F2 fraction may sensitize CRC cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis through XIAP ubiquitination and ER stress.
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Zhang XL, Wang ZZ, Shao QH, Zhang Z, Li L, Guo ZY, Sun HM, Zhang Y, Chen NH. RNAi-mediated knockdown of DJ-1 leads to mitochondrial dysfunction via Akt/GSK-3ß and JNK signaling pathways in dopaminergic neuron-like cells. Brain Res Bull 2019; 146:228-236. [PMID: 30634017 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Deletions or some mutations in the gene encoding the multifunctional protein, DJ-1, have been considered to be linked with autosomal recessive early onset Parkinson's disease (PD). Current emerging evidence suggests that DJ-1 is involved in the protection against oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial damage. However, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying this are not completely clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of DJ-1 on the Akt pathway, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) with regard to modulating mitochondrial function. Here we showed that knockdown of DJ-1 resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction, including a decrease in active mitochondrial mass, complex I deficits, and inhibition of cellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) content in the dopaminergic neuron-like cells PC12 and SH-SY5Y. Additionally, loss of DJ-1 impaired Akt signaling, and reduced nuclear translocation of Nrf2, thereby inhibiting activity of Nrf2-regulated downstream antioxidant enzymes such as heme oxygenase-1 and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1. Moreover, DJ-1 knockdown also led to a significant increase in the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, and then promoted the activation of JNK pathways. Furthermore, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by knockdown of DJ-1 were blocked by a JNK inhibitor, which confirmed the important role of JNK activation in mitochondrial dysfunction. In conclusion, the present study indicates that DJ-1 knockdown leads to mitochondrial dysfunction in dopaminergic neuron-like cells, at least in part, through suppressing the Akt/GSK3β pathway and impairing the oxidative stress response, as well as through the subsequent increased JNK activation in dopaminergic neuron-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qian-Hang Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Guo
- Department of Anatomy, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hong-Mei Sun
- Department of Anatomy, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
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Liu Z, Li C, Kang N, Malhi H, Shah VH, Maiers JL. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) cross-talk with the unfolded protein response is critical for hepatic stellate cell activation. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:3137-3151. [PMID: 30610118 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) potently activates hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which promotes production and secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and hepatic fibrogenesis. Increased ECM synthesis and secretion in response to TGFβ is associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR). TGFβ and UPR signaling pathways are tightly intertwined during HSC activation, but the regulatory mechanism that connects these two pathways is poorly understood. Here, we found that TGFβ treatment of immortalized HSCs (i.e. LX-2 cells) induces phosphorylation of the UPR sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) in a SMAD2/3-procollagen I-dependent manner. We further show that IRE1α mediates HSC activation downstream of TGFβ and that its role depends on activation of a signaling cascade involving apoptosis signaling kinase 1 (ASK1) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). ASK1-JNK signaling promoted phosphorylation of the UPR-associated transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ), which is crucial for TGFβ- or IRE1α-mediated LX-2 activation. Pharmacological inhibition of C/EBPβ expression with the antiviral drug adefovir dipivoxil attenuated TGFβ-mediated activation of LX-2 or primary rat HSCs in vitro and hepatic fibrogenesis in vivo Finally, we identified a critical relationship between C/EBPβ and the transcriptional regulator p300 during HSC activation. p300 knockdown disrupted TGFβ- or UPR-induced HSC activation, and pharmacological inhibition of the C/EBPβ-p300 complex decreased TGFβ-induced HSC activation. These results indicate that TGFβ-induced IRE1α signaling is critical for HSC activation through a C/EBPβ-p300-dependent mechanism and suggest C/EBPβ as a druggable target for managing fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikui Liu
- From the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905 and
| | - Chao Li
- From the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905 and
| | - Ningling Kang
- Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis, Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912
| | - Harmeet Malhi
- From the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905 and
| | - Vijay H Shah
- From the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905 and
| | - Jessica L Maiers
- From the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905 and
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Zhuo FF, Zhang C, Zhang H, Xia Y, Xue GM, Yang L, Kong LY. Chrysanthemulide A induces apoptosis through DR5 upregulation via JNK-mediated autophagosome accumulation in human osteosarcoma cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:13191-13208. [PMID: 30556589 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most frequent malignant primary bone tumor, and it generally develops a multidrug resistance. Chrysanthemulide A (CA) is a sesquiterpenoid from the herb Chrysanthemum indicum that has demonstrated a great anti-osteosarcoma potential. In this study, CA-induced apoptotic cell death resulted in the activation of the caspase-8-mediated caspase cascade, as evidenced by the cleavage of the substrate protein Bid and the caspase-8 inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. The CA treatment upregulated the expression of death receptor 5 (DR5) in both whole cells and the cell membrane. Blocking DR5 expression by the small interfering RNA (siRNA) treatment decreased the caspase-8-mediated caspase cascade and efficiently attenuated CA-induced apoptosis, suggesting the critical role of DR5 in CA-induced apoptotic cell death. CA-induced upregulation of the DR5 protein was accompanied by the accumulation of LC3B-II, indicating the formation of autophagosomes. Importantly, DR5 upregulation was mediated by transcriptionally controlled autophagosome accumulation, as blockade of autophagosomes by LC3B or ATG-5 siRNA substantially decreased DR5 upregulation. Furthermore, CA activated the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway, and treatment with JNK siRNAs or inhibitor SP600125 significantly attenuated CA-mediated autophagosome accumulation and DR5-mediated cell apoptosis. Finally, CA sensitized the osteosarcoma cells to the DR5 ligand tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptotic cell death. Above all, these results suggest that CA induces apoptosis through upregulating DR5 via JNK-mediated autophagosome accumulation and that combined treatment with CA and TRAIL might be a promising therapy for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Zhuo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanzheng Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gui-Min Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Yang JW, Murray B, Barbier-Torres L, Liu T, Liu Z, Yang H, Fan W, Wang J, Li Y, Seki E, Mato JM, Lu SC. The mitochondrial chaperone Prohibitin 1 negatively regulates interleukin-8 in human liver cancers. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:1984-1996. [PMID: 30523154 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Prohibitin 1 (PHB1) is a mitochondrial chaperone whose expression is dysregulated in cancer. In liver cancer, PHB1 acts as a tumor suppressor, but the mechanisms of tumor suppression are incompletely understood. Here we aimed to determine PHB1 target genes to better understand how PHB1 influences liver tumorigenesis. Using RNA-Seq analysis, we found interleukin-8 (IL-8) to be one of the most highly up-regulated genes following PHB1 silencing in HepG2 cells. Induction of IL-8 expression also occurred in multiple liver and nonliver cancer cell lines. We examined samples from 178 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and found that IL-8 mRNA levels were increased, whereas PHB1 mRNA levels were decreased, in the tumors compared with adjacent nontumorous tissues. Notably, HCC patients with high IL-8 expression have significantly reduced survival. An inverse correlation between PHB1 and IL-8 mRNA levels is found in HCCs with reduced PHB1 expression. To understand the molecular basis for these observations, we altered PHB1 levels in liver cancer cells. Overexpression of PHB1 resulted in lowered IL-8 expression and secretion. Silencing PHB1 increased c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and NF-κB activity, induced nuclear accumulation of c-JUN and p65, and enhanced their binding to the IL-8 promoter containing AP-1 and NF-κB elements. Conditioned medium from PHB1-silenced HepG2 cells increased migration and invasion of parental HepG2 and SK-hep-1 cells, and this was blocked by co-treatment with neutralizing IL-8 antibody. In summary, our findings show that reduced PHB1 expression induces IL-8 transcription by activating NF-κB and AP-1, resulting in enhanced IL-8 expression and release to promote tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Won Yang
- From the Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048.,the College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Ben Murray
- From the Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
| | - Lucia Barbier-Torres
- From the Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
| | - Ting Liu
- the Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenqiu Liu
- the Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, and
| | - Heping Yang
- From the Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
| | - Wei Fan
- From the Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
| | - Jiaohong Wang
- From the Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
| | - Yuan Li
- From the Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048.,the Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ekihiro Seki
- From the Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
| | - José M Mato
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Shelly C Lu
- From the Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048,
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Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to determine the role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-mediated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway in cognitive impairment induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). Methods Ninety-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 8 groups: sham group, sustained hypoxia (SH) group, CIH group, CIH + melatonin group, CIH + vitamin E group, CIH + DMSO group, CIH + BAY 11-7082 group and CIH + normal saline (NS) group. Rats were exposed to normoxia, CIH (21% O2 for 60 s and 10% O2 for 60 s, cyclically repeated for 10 h/day) or SH (10% O2 for 10 h/day) for 14 days. Afterwards, Morris water maze test was conducted, and serum and hippocampus tissues were subjected to molecular biological and biochemical analyses. Results Compared with the Sham and SH group, oxidative stress was induced by CIH in rat hippocampus with the high level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-iso-PGF2α and the low level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH). Activated NF-κB and its downstream products including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were highly expressed in CIH rats. These changes were attenuated by pretreatment of the rats with melatonin and vitamin E. CIH also resulted in hippocampus neuron apoptosis with increased caspase 3 level, dUIP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive neurons number and cognitive impairment verified by prolonged latency and shortened time in the target quadrant in Morris water maze test. JNK and its downstream transcriptional factors including c-Jun, activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2), and JunD were all significantly phosphorylated in CIH rats. However, pretreatment of NF-κB inhibitor BAY 11-7082 inhibited the activation of NF-κB under CIH condition and also significantly reduced the phosphorylation of JNK as well as c-Jun, ATF2, and JunD. Moreover, hippocampus neuron apoptosis and cognitive impairment were significantly improved with the pretreatment of BAY 11-7082 in rats subjected to CIH. Conclusions These findings suggest that NF-κB-mediated JNK pathway is at least partially implicated in CIH-induced hippocampus neuron apoptosis and cognitive impairment. Inhibition of NF-κB activation provided a therapeutic potential for cognitive impairment in sleep apnea (SA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Ting-Wei Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Jian Kang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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40
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Paudel I, Hernandez SM, Portalatin GM, Chambers TP, Chambers JW. Sab concentrations indicate chemotherapeutic susceptibility in ovarian cancer cell lines. Biochem J 2018; 475:3471-92. [PMID: 30322886 DOI: 10.1042/BCJ20180603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of chemotherapy-resistant tumors makes ovarian cancer (OC) the most lethal gynecological malignancy. While many factors may contribute to chemoresistance, the mechanisms responsible for regulating tumor vulnerability are under investigation. Our analysis of gene expression data revealed that Sab, a mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) scaffold protein, was down-regulated in OC patients. Sab-mediated signaling induces cell death, suggesting that this apoptotic pathway is diminished in OC. We examined Sab expression in a panel of OC cell lines and found that the magnitude of Sab expression correlated to chemo-responsiveness; wherein, OC cells with low Sab levels were chemoresistant. The Sab levels were reflected by a corresponding amount of stress-induced c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) on the MOM. BH3 profiling and examination of Bcl-2 and BH3-only protein concentrations revealed that cells with high Sab concentrations were primed for apoptosis, as determined by the decrease in pro-survival Bcl-2 proteins and an increase in pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins on mitochondria. Furthermore, overexpression of Sab in chemoresistant cells enhanced apoptotic priming and restored cellular vulnerability to a combination treatment of cisplatin and paclitaxel. Contrariwise, inhibiting Sab-mediated signaling or silencing Sab expression in a chemosensitive cell line resulted in decreased apoptotic priming and increased resistance. The effects of silencing on Sab on the resistance to chemotherapeutic agents were emulated by the silencing or inhibition of JNK, which could be attributed to changes in Bcl-2 protein concentrations induced by sub-chronic JNK inhibition. We propose that Sab may be a prognostic biomarker to discern personalized treatments for OC patients.
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41
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Murata H, Khine CC, Nishikawa A, Yamamoto KI, Kinoshita R, Sakaguchi M. c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-mediated phosphorylation of SARM1 regulates NAD + cleavage activity to inhibit mitochondrial respiration. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:18933-18943. [PMID: 30333228 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key pathological feature of many different types of neurodegenerative disease. Sterile alpha and Toll/interleukin receptor motif-containing protein 1 (SARM1) has been attracting much attention as an important molecule for inducing axonal degeneration and neuronal cell death by causing loss of NAD (NADH). However, it has remained unclear what exactly regulates the SARM1 activity. Here, we report that NAD+ cleavage activity of SARM1 is regulated by its own phosphorylation at serine 548. The phosphorylation of SARM1 was mediated by c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) under oxidative stress conditions, resulting in inhibition of mitochondrial respiration concomitant with enhanced activity of NAD+ cleavage. Nonphosphorylatable mutation of Ser-548 or treatment with a JNK inhibitor decreased SARM1 activity. Furthermore, neuronal cells derived from a familial Parkinson's disease (PD) patient showed a congenitally increased level of SARM1 phosphorylation compared with that in neuronal cells from a healthy person and were highly sensitive to oxidative stress. These results indicate that JNK-mediated phosphorylation of SARM1 at Ser-548 is a regulator of SARM1 leading to inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. These findings suggest that an abnormal regulation of SARM1 phosphorylation is involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and possibly other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Murata
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Cho Cho Khine
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Akane Nishikawa
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamamoto
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Rie Kinoshita
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Masakiyo Sakaguchi
- From the Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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42
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Walter F, O'Brien A, Concannon CG, Düssmann H, Prehn JHM. ER stress signaling has an activating transcription factor 6α (ATF6)-dependent "off-switch". J Biol Chem 2018; 293:18270-18284. [PMID: 30287689 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.002121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to an accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen, three ER transmembrane signaling proteins, inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), PRKR-like ER kinase (PERK), and activating transcription factor 6α (ATF6α), are activated. These proteins initiate a signaling and transcriptional network termed the unfolded protein response (UPR), which re-establishes cellular proteostasis. When this restoration fails, however, cells undergo apoptosis. To investigate cross-talk between these different UPR enzymes, here we developed a high-content live cell screening platform to image fluorescent UPR-reporter cell lines derived from human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells in which different ER stress signaling proteins were silenced through lentivirus-delivered shRNA constructs. We observed that loss of ATF6 expression results in uncontrolled IRE1-reporter activity and increases X box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) splicing. Transient increases in both IRE1 mRNA and IRE1 protein levels were observed in response to ER stress, suggesting that IRE1 up-regulation is a general feature of ER stress signaling and was further increased in cells lacking ATF6 expression. Moreover, overexpression of the transcriptionally active N-terminal domain of ATF6 reversed the increases in IRE1 levels. Furthermore, inhibition of IRE1 kinase activity or of downstream JNK activity prevented an increase in IRE1 levels during ER stress, suggesting that IRE1 transcription is regulated through a positive feed-forward loop. Collectively, our results indicate that from the moment of activation, IRE1 signaling during ER stress has an ATF6-dependent "off-switch."
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Walter
- From the Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 6, Ireland
| | - Aisling O'Brien
- From the Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 6, Ireland
| | - Caoimhín G Concannon
- From the Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 6, Ireland
| | - Heiko Düssmann
- From the Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 6, Ireland
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- From the Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 6, Ireland.
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43
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Walker NM, Mazzoni SM, Vittal R, Fingar DC, Lama VN. c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-mediated induction of mSin1 expression and mTORC2 activation in mesenchymal cells during fibrosis. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:17229-17239. [PMID: 30217824 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) has been shown to regulate mTORC1/4E-BP1/eIF4E signaling and collagen I expression in mesenchymal cells (MCs) during fibrotic activation. Here we investigated the regulation of the mTORC2 binding partner mammalian stress-activated protein kinase-interacting protein 1 (mSin1) in MCs derived from human lung allografts and identified a novel role for mSin1 during fibrosis. mSin1 was identified as a common downstream target of key fibrotic pathways, and its expression was increased in MCs in response to pro-fibrotic mediators: lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), transforming growth factor β, and interleukin 13. Fibrotic MCs had higher mSin1 protein levels than nonfibrotic MCs, and siRNA-mediated silencing of mSIN1 inhibited collagen I expression and mTORC1/2 activity in these cells. Autocrine LPA signaling contributed to constitutive up-regulation of mSin1 in fibrotic MCs, and mSin1 was decreased because of LPA receptor 1 siRNA treatment. We identified c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) as a key intermediary in mSin1 up-regulation by the pro-fibrotic mediators, as pharmacological and siRNA-mediated inhibition of JNK prevented the LPA-induced mSin1 increase. Proteasomal inhibition rescued mSin1 levels after JNK inhibition in LPA-treated MCs, and the decrease in mSin1 ubiquitination in response to LPA was counteracted by JNK inhibitors. Constitutive JNK1 overexpression induced mSin1 expression and could drive mTORC2 and mTORC1 activation and collagen I expression in nonfibrotic MCs, effects that were reversed by siRNA-mediated mSIN1 silencing. These results indicate that LPA stabilizes mSin1 protein expression via JNK signaling by blocking its proteasomal degradation and identify the LPA/JNK/mSin1/mTORC/collagen I pathway as critical for fibrotic activation of MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Walker
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and
| | - Serina M Mazzoni
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and
| | - Ragini Vittal
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and
| | - Diane C Fingar
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0360
| | - Vibha N Lama
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and
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44
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Canedo-Antelo M, Serrano MP, Manterola A, Ruiz A, Llavero F, Mato S, Zugaza JL, Pérez-Cerdá F, Matute C, Sánchez-Gómez MV. Inhibition of Casein Kinase 2 Protects Oligodendrocytes From Excitotoxicity by Attenuating JNK/p53 Signaling Cascade. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:333. [PMID: 30271323 PMCID: PMC6146035 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes are highly vulnerable to glutamate excitotoxicity, a central mechanism involved in tissue damage in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Sustained activation of AMPA receptors in rat oligodendrocytes induces cytosolic calcium overload, mitochondrial depolarization, increase of reactive oxygen species, and activation of intracelular pathways resulting in apoptotic cell death. Although many signals driven by excitotoxicity have been identified, some of the key players are still under investigation. Casein kinase 2 (CK2) is a serine/threonine kinase, constitutively expressed in all eukaryotic tissues, involved in cell proliferation, malignant transformation and apoptosis. In this study, we identify CK2 as a critical regulator of oligodendrocytic death pathways and elucidate its role as a signal inductor following excitotoxic insults. We provide evidence that CK2 activity is up-regulated in AMPA-treated oligodendrocytes and CK2 inhibition significantly diminished AMPA receptor-induced oligodendroglial death. In addition, we analyzed mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling after excitotoxic insult. We observed that AMPA receptor activation induced a rapid increase in c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 phosphorylation that was reduced after CK2 inhibition. Moreover, blocking their phosphorylation, we enhanced oligodendrocyte survival after excitotoxic insult. Finally, we observed that the tumor suppressor p53 is activated during AMPA receptor-induced cell death and, interestingly, down-regulated by JNK or CK2 inhibition. Together, these data indicate that the increase in CK2 activity induced by excitotoxic insults regulates MAPKs, triggers p53 activation and mediates subsequent oligodendroglial loss. Therefore, targeting CK2 may be a useful strategy to prevent oligodendrocyte death in MS and other diseases involving central nervous system (CNS) white matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Canedo-Antelo
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - Mari Paz Serrano
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - Andrea Manterola
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - Asier Ruiz
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - Francisco Llavero
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Departamento de Genética, Antropología Física y Fisiología Animal, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Susana Mato
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - José Luis Zugaza
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Departamento de Genética, Antropología Física y Fisiología Animal, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Fernando Pérez-Cerdá
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - Carlos Matute
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - María Victoria Sánchez-Gómez
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.,Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
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45
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Wu R, Li D, Tang Q, Wang W, Xie G, Dou P. A Novel Peptide from Vespa ducalis Induces Apoptosis in Osteosarcoma Cells by Activating the p38 MAPK and JNK Signaling Pathways. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:458-464. [PMID: 29607921 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a typical bone cancer, and most frequently used cancer treatments for OS are limited due to severe drug-related toxicities. Wasp venoms contain functional components that may offer pharmaceutical components for the treatment of cancers. This study aimed to isolate and characterize a novel peptide (venom anti-cancer peptide 1, VACP1) derived from the wasp venom of Vespa ducalis SMITH. Toxins from Vespa ducalis crude venom were separated by gel filtration and purified by C18 reverse-phase HPLC. As examined by Edman degradation, the amino acid sequence of VACP1 is AQKWLKYWKADKVKGFGRKIKKIWFG. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays revealed that VACP1 inhibited the cell proliferation of MG-63, U-2 OS and Saos-2 cells. Furthermore, annexin V and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining revealed that VACP1 could induce the apoptosis of OS cell lines. In addition, VACP1 increased the protein levels of cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), caspase 3, but decreased B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). Apoptotic signaling pathway screening in MG-63 cells via an antibody array revealed that VACP1 activated the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways. The present study demonstrates that VACP1 potently suppressed cell proliferation and induced the cell apoptosis of OS cells by inducing the activation of the p38 MAPK and JNK signaling pathways, suggesting that VACP1 is a promising agent for OS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Ding Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Qi Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Wanchun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Guangrong Xie
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Pengcheng Dou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
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46
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Nelson KJ, Bolduc JA, Wu H, Collins JA, Burke EA, Reisz JA, Klomsiri C, Wood ST, Yammani RR, Poole LB, Furdui CM, Loeser RF. H 2O 2 oxidation of cysteine residues in c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2 (JNK2) contributes to redox regulation in human articular chondrocytes. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:16376-16389. [PMID: 30190325 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), in particular H2O2, regulate intracellular signaling through reversible oxidation of reactive protein thiols present in a number of kinases and phosphatases. H2O2 has been shown to regulate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling depending on the cellular context. We report here that in human articular chondrocytes, the MAPK family member c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2 (JNK2) is activated by fibronectin fragments and low physiological levels of H2O2 and inhibited by oxidation due to elevated levels of H2O2 The kinase activity of affinity-purified, phosphorylated JNK2 from cultured chondrocytes was reversibly inhibited by 5-20 μm H2O2 Using dimedone-based chemical probes that react specifically with sulfenylated cysteines (RSOH), we identified Cys-222 in JNK2, a residue not conserved in JNK1 or JNK3, as a redox-reactive site. MS analysis of human recombinant JNK2 also detected further oxidation at Cys-222 and other cysteines to sulfinic (RSO2H) or sulfonic (RSO3H) acid. H2O2 treatment of JNK2 resulted in detectable levels of peptides containing intramolecular disulfides between Cys-222 and either Cys-213 or Cys-177, without evidence of dimer formation. Substitution of Cys-222 to alanine rendered JNK2 insensitive to H2O2 inhibition, unlike C177A and C213A variants. Two other JNK2 variants, C116A and C163A, were also resistant to oxidative inhibition. Cumulatively, these findings indicate differential regulation of JNK2 signaling dependent on H2O2 levels and point to key cysteine residues regulating JNK2 activity. As levels of intracellular H2O2 rise, a switch occurs from activation to inhibition of JNK2 activity, linking JNK2 regulation to the redox status of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesalyn A Bolduc
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology and the Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Hanzhi Wu
- the Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157 and
| | - John A Collins
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology and the Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Elizabeth A Burke
- the Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157 and
| | - Julie A Reisz
- the Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157 and
| | - Chananat Klomsiri
- From the Department of Biochemistry and.,the Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157 and
| | - Scott T Wood
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology and the Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Raghunatha R Yammani
- the Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157 and
| | | | - Cristina M Furdui
- the Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157 and
| | - Richard F Loeser
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology and the Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
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Wu S, Zhang W, Ma S, Li B, Xu C, Yi P. ERK1/2 and JNK signaling synergistically modulate mitogenic effect of fibroblast growth factor 2 on liver cell. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:1511-1522. [PMID: 30080297 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Proliferation of the adult hepatocyte population represents a central feature of tissue regeneration after liver injury and resection. This process could be driven by a diverse range of mitogens, such as hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF). Among FGF family, FGF2 is closely related to wound repair and cell proliferation. FGF2 does function in the process of angiogenesis in regenerating liver, while fewer reports are concerned with the impact and underlying mechanism of FGF2 on liver cell proliferation. To this end, an immortalized human normal hepatocyte L02 and mouse primary hepatocytes were exposed to FGF2 in this study. We demonstrate that FGF2 significantly enhances liver cell proliferation. Treatment with FGF2 obviously increases the phosphorylation level of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Activity inhibition or expression down-regulation prove that both ERK1/2 and JNK signaling are required for FGF2-mediated effect on liver cell proliferation. Interestingly, interfering of ERK1/2 signaling results in marked decrease of JNK activation under FGF2 treatment, and JNK signaling is also involved in regulation of FGF2-induced ERK1/2 activation, suggesting that cross-talk between ERK1/2 and JNK signaling is important for FGF2 mitogenic activity. Both ERK1/2 and JNK signal via CREB to function in proliferation impact of FGF2 on liver cells. Taken together, this study reveals that ERK and JNK pathways synergistically regulate FGF2-induced liver cell proliferation via phosphorylating CREB, which will contribute to the understanding of FGF2 impact on liver cell proliferation and liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shumin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chanjuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Yi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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48
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Bhattacharyya S, Feferman L, Han X, Ouyang Y, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ, Tobacman JK. Decline in arylsulfatase B expression increases EGFR expression by inhibiting the protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 and activating JNK in prostate cells. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:11076-11087. [PMID: 29794138 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.001244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has a crucial role in cell differentiation and proliferation and cancer, and its expression appears to be up-regulated when arylsulfatase B (ARSB or GalNAc-4-sulfatase) is reduced. ARSB removes 4-sulfate groups from the nonreducing end of dermatan sulfate and chondroitin 4-sulfate (C4S), and its decreased expression has previously been reported to inhibit the activity of the ubiquitous protein-tyrosine phosphatase, nonreceptor type 11 (SHP2 or PTPN11). However, the mechanism by which decline in ARSB leads to decline in SHP2 activity is unclear. Here, we show that SHP2 binds preferentially C4S, rather than chondroitin 6-sulfate, and confirm that SHP2 activity declines when ARSB is silenced. The reduction in ARSB activity, and the resultant increase in C4S, increased the expression of EGFR (Her1/ErbB1) in human prostate stem and epithelial cells. The increased expression of EGFR occurred after 1) the decline in SHP2 activity, 2) enhanced c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity, 3) increased nuclear DNA binding by c-Jun and c-Fos, and 4) EGFR promoter activation. In response to exogenous EGF, there was increased bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, consistent with enhanced cell proliferation. These findings indicated that ARSB and chondroitin 4-sulfation affect the activation of an important dual phosphorylation threonine-tyrosine kinase and the mRNA expression of a critical tyrosine kinase receptor in prostate cells. Restoration of ARSB activity with the associated reduction in C4S may provide a new therapeutic approach for managing malignancies in which EGFR-mediated tyrosine kinase signaling pathways are active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Bhattacharyya
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Illinois and Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612 and
| | - Leo Feferman
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Illinois and Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612 and
| | - Xiaorui Han
- the Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Biology and Biomedical Engineering and the Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180
| | - Yilan Ouyang
- the Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Biology and Biomedical Engineering and the Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180
| | - Fuming Zhang
- the Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Biology and Biomedical Engineering and the Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- the Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Biology and Biomedical Engineering and the Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180
| | - Joanne K Tobacman
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Illinois and Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612 and
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Sheikh T, Gupta P, Gowda P, Patrick S, Sen E. Hexokinase 2 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 transcriptionally coactivate xanthine oxidoreductase expression in stressed glioma cells. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:4767-4777. [PMID: 29414774 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.816785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A dynamic network of metabolic adaptations, inflammatory responses, and redox homeostasis is known to drive tumor progression. A considerable overlap among these processes exists, but several of their key regulators remain unknown. To this end, here we investigated the role of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β in connecting these processes in glioma cells. We found that glucose starvation sensitizes glioma cells to IL-1β-induced apoptosis in a manner that depended on reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although IL-1β-induced JNK had no effect on cell viability under glucose deprivation, it mediated nuclear translocation of hexokinase 2 (HK2). This event was accompanied by increases in the levels of sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR). SIRT6 not only induced ROS-mediated cell death but also facilitated nuclear Nrf2-HK2 interaction. Recruitment of the Nrf2-HK2 complex to the ARE site on XOR promoter regulated its expression. Importantly, HK2 served as transcriptional coactivator of Nrf2 to regulate XOR expression, indicated by decreased XOR levels in siRNA-mediated Nrf2 and HK2 knockdown experiments. Our results highlight a non-metabolic role of HK2 as transcriptional coactivator of Nrf2 to regulate XOR expression under conditions of proinflammatory and metabolic stresses. Our insights also underscore the importance of nuclear activities of HK2 in the regulation of genes involved in redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Touseef Sheikh
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana 122 051, India
| | - Piyushi Gupta
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana 122 051, India
| | - Pruthvi Gowda
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana 122 051, India
| | - Shruti Patrick
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana 122 051, India
| | - Ellora Sen
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana 122 051, India.
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Lao Y, Yang K, Wang Z, Sun X, Zou Q, Yu X, Cheng J, Tong X, Yeh ETH, Yang J, Yi J. DeSUMOylation of MKK7 kinase by the SUMO2/3 protease SENP3 potentiates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory signaling in macrophages. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:3965-3980. [PMID: 29352108 PMCID: PMC5857993 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.816769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein SUMOylation has been reported to play a role in innate immune response, but the enzymes, substrates, and consequences of the specific inflammatory signaling events are largely unknown. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are abundantly produced during macrophage activation and required for Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated inflammatory signaling. Previously, we demonstrated that SENP3 is a redox-sensitive SUMO2/3 protease. To explore any links between reversible SUMOylation and ROS-related inflammatory signaling in macrophage activation, we generated mice with Senp3 conditional knock-out in myeloid cells. In bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced in vitro and in vivo inflammation models, we found that SENP3 deficiency markedly compromises the activation of TLR4 inflammatory signaling and the production of proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages exposed to LPS. Moreover, Senp3 conditional knock-out mice were significantly less susceptible to septic shock. Of note, SENP3 deficiency was associated with impairment in JNK phosphorylation. We found that MKK7, which selectively phosphorylates JNK, is a SENP3 substrate and that SENP3-mediated deSUMOylation of MKK7 may favor its binding to JNK. Importantly, ROS-dependent SENP3 accumulation and MKK7 deSUMOylation rapidly occurred after LPS stimulation. In conclusion, our findings indicate that SENP3 potentiates LPS-induced TLR4 signaling via deSUMOylation of MKK7 leading to enhancement in JNK phosphorylation and the downstream events. Therefore this work provides novel mechanistic insights into redox regulation of innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Lao
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Kai Yang
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- the Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China, and
| | - Xueqing Sun
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qiang Zou
- the Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China, and
| | - Xiaoyan Yu
- the Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China, and
| | - Jinke Cheng
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xuemei Tong
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Edward T H Yeh
- the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Jie Yang
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China,
| | - Jing Yi
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China,
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