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Shi Y, Liu J, Zhu D, Lu L, Zhang M, Li W, Zeng H, Yu X, Guo J, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Gao Q, Xia F, Chen Y, Li M, Sun M. Methylation-reprogrammed CHRM3 results in vascular dysfunction in the human umbilical vein following IVF-ET. Biol Reprod 2021; 106:687-698. [PMID: 34935917 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) has been used globally among infertile couples. However, many epidemiological investigations have indicated that ART is associated with a range of long-term adverse health outcomes in offspring, including cardiovascular disease, obesity and increased plasma lipid levels. Until now, direct evidence has been limited regarding the pathological changes in vascular function in fetuses with ART. In this study, human umbilical cords were collected from healthy normal pregnancies and IVF-ET pregnancies. Vascular functional studies involving acetylcholine (ACh), antagonists of its specific receptors, and L-type calcium channel/PKC-MLC20 phosphorylation pathway specific inhibitors were conducted. Quantitative real-time PCR, Western blotting and methylation analyses were performed on umbilical vein samples. We found that the umbilical vein constriction induced by ACh in the IVF-ET group was significantly attenuated compared with that in the healthy normal pregnancy group, which was not only associated with the hypermethylation of ACh muscarinic receptor subtype 3 (CHRM3) and decreased expression of CHRM3, PKCβ and CaV1.2, but was also related to the reduced phosphorylation of MLC20. The present study revealed that the hypermethylation of CHRM3, leading to a reduction in CHRM3 expression and downregulation of the CaV1.2/PKC-MLC20 phosphorylation pathway, was responsible for the decreased sensitivity to ACh observed in the umbilical vein under IVF-ET conditions. The hypermethylation of CHRM3 caused by IVF-ET might play an important role in altered vasoconstriction and impact cardiovascular systems in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Shi
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Jingliu Liu
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Likui Lu
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Mengshu Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, 215006, China.,Center of Reproduction and Genetics, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, 215002, China
| | - Weisheng Li
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Hongtao Zeng
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Xi Yu
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Xiuwen Zhou
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Qinqin Gao
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Fei Xia
- Reproductive Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Youguo Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Institute for Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, 215006, China
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Yoon J, Cho Y, Kim KY, Yoon MJ, Lee HS, Jeon SD, Cho Y, Kim C, Kim MG. A JUN N-terminal kinase inhibitor induces ectodomain shedding of the cancer-associated membrane protease Prss14/epithin via protein kinase CβII. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:7168-7177. [PMID: 32241917 PMCID: PMC7242708 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine protease 14 (Prss14)/epithin is a transmembrane serine protease that plays essential roles in tumor progression and metastasis and therefore is a promising target for managing cancer. Prss14/epithin shedding may underlie its activity in cancer and worsen outcomes; accordingly, a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms in Prss14/epithin shedding may inform the design of future cancer therapies. On the basis of our previous observation that an activator of PKC, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), induces Prss14/epithin shedding, here we further investigated the intracellular signaling pathway involved in this process. While using mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors to investigate possible effectors of downstream PKC signaling, we unexpectedly found that an inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), SP600125, induces Prss14/epithin shedding even in the absence of PMA. SP600125-induced shedding, like that stimulated by PMA, was mediated by tumor necrosis factor-α–converting enzyme. In contrast, a JNK activator, anisomycin, partially abolished the effects of SP600125 on Prss14/epithin shedding. Moreover, the results from loss-of-function experiments with specific inhibitors, short hairpin RNA–mediated knockdown, and overexpression of dominant-negative PKCβII variants indicated that PKCβII is a major player in JNK inhibition– and PMA-mediated Prss14/epithin shedding. SP600125 increased phosphorylation of PKCβII and tumor necrosis factor-α–converting enzyme and induced their translocation into the plasma membrane. Finally, in vitro cell invasion experiments and bioinformatics analysis of data in The Cancer Genome Atlas breast cancer database revealed that JNK and PKCβII are important for Prss14/epithin-mediated cancer progression. These results provide important information regarding strategies against tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joobyoung Yoon
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Youngkyung Cho
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Ki Yeon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Min Ji Yoon
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hyo Seon Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sangjun Davie Jeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Yongcheol Cho
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Chungho Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Moon Gyo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein kinase C βII promotes melanogenesis and affects proliferation of melanocytic cells but is frequently absent or decreased in melanoma cells in vitro. OBJECTIVE To investigate PKC-βII expression and spatial distribution within a lesion in various benign and malignant melanocytic proliferations. METHODS Expression of PKC-βII was semiquantitatively assessed in the various existing compartments (intraepidermal [not nested], junctional [nested], and dermal) of benign (n = 43) and malignant (n = 28) melanocytic lesions by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Melanocytes in the basal layer of normal skin or in lentigo simplex stained strongly for PKC-βII. Common nevi lacked completely PKC-βII. All other lesions expressed variably PKC-βII, with cutaneous melanoma metastases displaying the lowest rate of positivity (14%). In the topographical analysis within a lesion, PKC-βII expression was largely retained in the intraepidermal and junctional part of all other lesions (dysplastic nevus, lentigo maligna, and melanoma). Reduced expression of PKC-βII was found in the dermal component of benign and malignant lesions ( P = .041 vs intraepidermal). PKC-βII expression in the various compartments did not differ significantly between benign and malignant lesions. CONCLUSIONS The current study revealed a significant correlation between PKC-βII expression and spatial localization of melanocytes, with the lowest expression found in the dermal compartment and the highest in the epidermal compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstanin Krasagakis
- 1 Laboratory of Dermatology, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Gregory Chlouverakis
- 3 Laboratory of Biostatistics, Division of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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