Gene polymorphisms of interleukin 28B and the risk to chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Thai

Molecular genetic association of rs8099917 and rs1800795 polymorphisms in the progression of hepatitis Delta virus liver disease

Background

The relationship between viral infections and host factors holds high hopes for identifying the role of Interferon Lambda 3 (IFNL3) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) polymorphisms in the development of Chronic Liver Disease (CLD) in patients infected with hepatitis Delta virus (HDV) in the Western Brazilian Amazon.

Methods

Cross-sectional study conducted with a cohort of 40 chronic HDV patients, 27 with CLD and 13 without evident liver damage. Biological samples from the participants were analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, followed by sequencing by the automated Sanger method.

Results

The rs8099917 T allele, from the IFNL3 gene, showed a higher frequency in both groups; however, it was not possible to establish an association with HDV infection [OR = 1.42 (0.42 - 4.75; p = 0.556 (95% CI). For IL-6, the rs1800795 G allele was superior to rs1800795 C. Analyzing both distributions in the studied groups, any association with HDV was absent (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

The results suggest that the rs8099917 T/G (IFNL3) and rs1800795 G/C (IL-6) polymorphisms are not associated with the evolution of HDV in the studied population.

Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in immune-related genes with spontaneous HBsAg seroconversion: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Studies have reported that the immune system modulation genes are involved in the seroconversion during hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Here, a systematic review with meta-analysis is implemented on the association of polymorphisms in immune-related genes with the spontaneous hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroconversion.

METHODS

A systematic literature search was conducted in the main electronic databases of Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science before May 2022. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to evaluate the strength of the association between genetic polymorphisms and the chance of spontaneous HBsAg seroconversion.

RESULTS

A total of 40 studies finally included for meta-analysis of 2 HLA-DP SNPs, 2 HLA-DQ SNPs, 3 IFNL3/4 SNPs, 2 IL10 SNPs, and 5 TNF SNPs. Based on the overall pooled analysis, HLA-DP rs3077 A (OR = 1.47, 95%CI: 1.32-1.65), HLA-DP rs9277535 A (OR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.32-1.66), HLA-DQ rs2856718 G (OR = 1.37, 95%CI: 1.18-1.59), HLA-DQ rs7453920 A (OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.04-1.93), IFNL3/4 rs12980275 G (OR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.01-1.58), TNFA rs1799964 T (OR = 1.17, 95%CI: 1.02-1.35), and TNFA rs1800630 C (OR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.03-1.55) increased significantly the chance of spontaneous HBsAg seroconversion.

CONCLUSION

This meta-analysis showed that the HLA-DP gene rs3077 and rs9277535 SNPs, HLA-DQ gene rs2856718 and rs7453920 SNPs, IFNL3/4 gene rs12980275 SNP, TNFA gene rs1799964 and rs1800630 SNPs are involved in the spontaneous HBsAg seroconversion.

Genome-Wide Association Study for Chronic Hepatitis B Infection in the Thai Population

To identify novel host genetic variants that predispose to hepatitis B virus (HBV) persistence, we performed the first genome-wide association study in the Thai population involving 318 cases of chronic hepatitis B and 309 healthy controls after quality control measures. We detected the genome-wide significant association of the HLA class II region (HLA-DPA1/DPB1, rs7770370, p-value = 7.71 × 10⁻¹⁰, OR = 0.49) with HBV chronicity. Subsequent HLA allele imputation revealed HLA-DPA1*01:03 (Pc = 1.21 × 10⁻⁶, OR = 0.53), HLA-DPB1*02:01 (Pc = 2.17 × 10⁻³, OR = 0.50), and HLA-DQB1*06:09 (Pc = 2.17 × 10⁻², OR = 0.07) as protective alleles, and HLA-DPA1*02:02 (Pc = 6.32 × 10⁻⁵, OR = 1.63), HLA-DPB1*05:01 (Pc = 1.13 × 10⁻⁴, OR = 1.72), HLA-DPB1*13:01 (Pc = 4.68 × 10⁻², OR = 1.60), and HLA-DQB1*03:03 (Pc = 1.11 × 10⁻³, OR = 1.84) as risk alleles for HBV persistence. We also detected suggestive associations in the PLSCR1 (rs35766154), PDLIM5 (rs62321986), SGPL1 (rs144998273), and MGST1 (rs1828682) loci. Among single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the PLSCR1 locus, rs1061307 was identified as the primary functional variant by in silico/in vitro functional analysis. In addition to replicating the association of the HLA class II region, we detected novel candidate loci that provide new insights into the pathophysiology of chronic hepatitis B.

Association of Interleukin-28B Polymorphisms (rs12979860 C/T, rs12980275 A/G, rs8099917 T/G) and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in an Iranian Population

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer in the world. The association of interleukin 28B (IL-28B) polymorphisms and HCC has been investigated in several populations. However, the findings are controversial. This study aimed to address the association between IL-28B polymorphisms (rs 8099917 T/G, rs12979860 C/T, rs12980275 A/G) and the risk of HCC in an Iranian population. METHODS: We have evaluated the association between IL-28B polymorphisms (rs 8099917 T/G, rs12979860 C/T, rs12980275 A/G) and HCC in 180 Iranian individuals (60 patients with HCC and 120 healthy matched controls) using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) method. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) association analysis and also haplotypes were estimated using the SNPstats online software. RESULTS: There was no significant association between these three polymorphisms of IL-28B and HCC (P>0.05). Moreover, haplotype analysis showed no significant association between the haplotypes and HCC. CONCLUSION: There was no association between IL-28B polymorphisms and HCC in an Iranian population.

Association of TLR3 (rs3775291) and IL-10 (rs1800871) gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to Hepatitis B infection: A meta-analysis

TLR3 and IL-10 play a crucial role in antiviral defence. However, there is a controversy between TLR3 rs3775291 and IL-10 rs1800871 polymorphisms and the risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between the two single nucleotide mutations and the risk of HBV infection by meta-analysis. Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, China Wanfang database were searched for the case-control studies on the relationship between TLR3 rs3775291 and IL-10 rs1800871 polymorphism and susceptibility to HBV, updated to June 2020. The data were analysed by Stata 15.0 software. A total of 22 articles were included. The results showed that in the analysis of IL10 rs1800871 polymorphism and the risk of HBV infection, the pooled OR was 1.21 (95% CI 1.06-1.37), 1.28 (95% CI 1.04-1.56) and 1.20 (95% CI 1.06-1.37) and 1.40 (95% CI 1.07-1.83) in the allele model (C vs. T), dominant model (CC+CT vs. TT), recessive model (CC vs. CT+TT) and homozygous model (CC vs. TT), respectively. There was no statistical significance in the heterozygote model. A subgroup analysis of the Asian population showed similar results. The analysis of TLR3 rs3775291 polymorphism and the risk of HBV showed that in the allele model (T vs. C), the pooled OR was 1.30 (95% CI 1.05-1.61). Except for the recessive model, no significances were found in other genetic models. In conclusion, TLR3 rs3775291 and IL-10 rs1800871 polymorphisms are associated with the risk of HBV. Allele C and genotype CC at IL10 rs1800871 loci, as well as allele T and genotype TT at TLR rs3775291 loci, may increase susceptibility to Hepatitis B infection.

Association between IL28B Polymorphisms and Outcomes of Hepatitis B Virus Infection: A meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Interleukin (IL) 28B polymorphisms encoding pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines trigger diverse clinical outcome of hepatitis virus infection. However, there is controversy concerning the association of IL28B polymorphisms with the outcome of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, with several studies obtaining inconsistent results. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the role of 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs12979860, rs12980275 and rs8099917 in the progression of HBV infection, overall and by ethnicity.

METHODS

Searched PubMed, Embase and Wiley Online Library electronic databases using 'interleukin 28B', 'IL 28B', 'IL 28B polymorphism', 'hepatitis B virus', 'HBV', and performed meta- analysis for rs12979860, rs12980275 and rs8099917 in Asian and Caucasian populations under the dominant recessive and allele model.

RESULTS

Eighteen studies were found in total and used for this meta-analysis, including 5587 cases and 4295 controls. The IL28B polymorphism rs12979860 had no association with HBV persistence (CC vs CT + TT: OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.76-1.00; TT vs CT + CC: OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.76-1.70; T vs C: OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.94-1.13). Similarly, neither rs12980275 nor rs8099917 had associations with HBV persistence (rs12980275 in AA vs AG + AA: OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.96-1.38; rs8099917 in TT vs GT + GG: OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.96-1.39). There was also no significant association of IL28B polymorphisms with persistent HBV infection in Asians or Chinese. There was no evidence of an association of rs12979860 with the HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma susceptibility (T vs C: OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 0.96-2.43).

CONCLUSION

IL28B polymorphisms had no association with the outcome of HBV infection overall, nor in the Asians and the Chinese. These 3 SNPs might not be relevant to the development of HBV infection.

The influence of interleukin 28B polymorphisms on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with HBV or HCV infection: An updated meta-analysis

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the interleukin 28B (IL28B) gene has proven to be associated with the clinical outcome of patients with chronic hepatitis virus B or C (HBV or HCV) infections. However, whether IL28B SNPs have an influence on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among patients with HBV or HCV infection remains controversial. Therefore, this study aims to determine the association between IL28B polymorphisms and the risk of HCC in individuals with HBV or HCV infection.PubMed, EMBASE, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were used to identify studies meeting the selection requirements using the terms "interleukin 28B", "IFN-lambda-3", "IFNL3", "single nucleotide polymorphisms", "SNPs", "hepatocellular carcinoma", "HCC", "liver cancer".A total of 24 eligible original studies (1 cohort study and 23 case-control studies) involved 20238 individuals (HCC group = 8725 vs control group = 11,513) were included. Both IL28B rs12979860 CC and rs8099917 TT genotypes were significantly associated with a decreased risk of HCC among patients with HBV or HCV infection (OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.57-0.88; OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.72-0.94, respectively). Egger test and Begg test revealed no' publication bias (P > .05). Sensitivity analyses suggested the robustness of the results in this meta-analysis.Both IL28B rs12979860 CC and rs8099917 TT genotypes are protective factors for the development of HCC among patients with HBV or HCV infection. Future prospective studies examining the impact of IL28B polymorphisms on the risk of HCC and investigating the underlying mechanism for the protective role of IL28B polymorphisms in HCC development are warranted.

Association between TLR7 copy number variations and hepatitis B virus infection outcome in Chinese

AIM

To explore whether copy number variations (CNVs) of toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) are associated with susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

METHODS

This study included 623 patients (495 males and 128 females) with chronic hepatitis B virus infection (CHB) and 300 patients (135 females and 165 males) with acute hepatitis B virus infection (AHB) as controls. All CHB patients were further categorized according to disease progression after HBV infection (CHB, liver cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma). Copy numbers of the TLR7 gene were measured using the AccuCopy method. χ² tests were used to evaluate the association between TLR7 CNVs and infection type. P values, odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the effects of risk.

RESULTS

Among male patients, there were significant differences between the AHB group and CHB group in the distribution of TLR7 CNVs. Low copy number of TLR7 was significantly associated with chronic HBV infection (OR = 0.329, 95%CI: 0.229-0.473, P < 0.001). Difference in TLR7 copy number was also found between AHB and CHB female patients, with low copy number again associated with an increased risk of chronic HBV infection (OR = 0.292, 95%CI: 0.173-0.492, P < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences in TLR7 copy number among the three types of chronic HBV infection (CHB, liver cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma). In addition, there was no association between TLR7 copy number and titer of the HBV e antigen.

CONCLUSION

Low TLR7 copy number is a risk factor for chronic HBV infection but is not associated with later stages of disease progression.

Meta-analysis of associations of interleukin-28B polymorphisms rs8099917 and rs12979860 with development of hepatitis virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma

Background

This meta-analysis aimed to assess available evidence on possible associations of interleukin-28B polymorphisms rs8099917 and rs12979860 with development of hepatitis virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods

PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were systematically searched to identify relevant studies. Meta-analyses were performed to examine the association of interleukin-28B rs8099917 G/T and rs12979860 T/C polymorphisms with development of hepatitis virus-related HCC. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

Results

A total of ten studies involving 2,529 cases and 2,412 controls were included. The G-allele and GT genotype of rs8099917 were significantly associated with increased risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC (allelic model, OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.13–1.96, P=0.005; heterozygous model, OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.04–1.88, P=0.03). Conversely, the TT genotype was found to be significantly associated with lower risk of HBV-related HCC (dominant model, OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.51–0.91, P=0.01). Similar results were observed in the subgroup of Chinese patients and controls. In the pooled data set, the T-allele and TT genotype of rs12979860 showed a significant association with increased HCC risk (allelic model, OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.05–1.78, P=0.02; recessive model, OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.28–2.39, P=0.005; homozygous model, OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.41–2.80, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity and etiology showed rs12979860 polymorphism to be significantly associated with HCC risk in Caucasians, especially hepatitis C virus-related HCC, according to all five genetic models. In contrast, only the TT genotype of rs12979860 was found to be significantly associated with increased risk of HBV-related HCC, especially in Asians.

Conclusion

The G-allele of rs8099917 may confer elevated risk of HBV-related HCC, while the wild-type TT genotype may protect against the disease. The T-allele of rs12979860 may increase the risk of HCC, in Caucasians, especially hepatitis C virus-related HCC. The TT genotype of rs12979860 may confer increased risk of HBV-related HCC, especially in Asians. These conclusions should be verified in large, well-designed studies.

Deltex1 Polymorphisms Are Associated with Hepatitis B Vaccination Non-Response in Southwest China

Background

Hepatitis B vaccination is the most important tool available for preventing hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and reducing the prevalence of infection. However, epidemiological studies have demonstrated that morethan 5% of patients exhibit a non- or hypo-response to the HBV vaccine. Genetic variations associated with T cell immunity contribute to the immune response to HBV vaccination. The deltex 1 (DTX1) gene is involved in T cell anergy, which may also be associated with the immune response to the HBV vaccination.

Methods

We detected 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in or around the DTX1 gene in 601 infants out of a population from Southwest China, including 299 high responders(HRs; HBsAb > 100 mIU/mL) and 302 non-responders (NRs; HBsAb < 10 mIU/mL). An additional validation study was performed, comprising 230 adult patients(135 HRs and 95 NRs) from Southwest China.

Results

This study found that the minor allele ‘G’ of rs2384077 (adjusted p = 2.63E^-04,) and the minor allele ‘C’ of rs10744794 (adjusted p = 3.69E^-04) in the first intron of the DTX1 gene were remarkably associated with the immune response to HBV vaccination in both infant and adult populations. Moreover, a subsequent analysis indicated that haplotypes (A-T, G-C) of the two SNPs were significantly associated with the immune response to HBV vaccination.

Conclusions

Two SNPs (rs2384077 and rs10744794) in an intron of DTX1 and the linkage disequilibrium (LD) block are significantly associated with the immune response to HBV vaccination. The functional element annotation of the LD block between the two SNPs contains four transcriptional regulatory elements. The results suggest that these two SNPs may be involved in the immune response to HBV vaccination.

A meta-analysis of the association between IL28B polymorphisms and infection susceptibility of hepatitis B virus in Asian population

BACKGROUND

Several association studies with small sample sizes of two SNPs in IL28BB (rs12979860 and rs8099917) showed inconsistent results, so in this study, we aim to evaluate the association between the two SNPs and infection susceptibility of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) in Asian population, especially in Chinese population by meta-analysis.

METHODS

Search the relevant published papers and perform meta-analysis respectively on IL28B (rs12979860 and rs8099917) in Asian population and Chinese population under an additive genetic model by STATA11.0.

RESULTS

The pooled odds ratios (OR) of rs12979860 are 0.79 (95% CI, 0.53-1.18; P = 0.25, I(2) = 63.2%) and 1.62 (95% CI, 1.04-2.51; P = 0.033, I(2) = 54.3%) respectively in Asian population and Chinese population analysis. The pooled OR of rs8099917 are 1.05 (95% CI, 0.93-1.19; P = 0.44, I(2) = 43.3%) and 0.97 (95% CI, 0.84-1.23; P = 0.726, I(2) = 15.6%) respectively in Asian population and Chinese population analysis.

CONCLUSION

Our study demonstrated that T allele of rs12979680 can increase the risk of HBV infection in Chinese population but not Asian population under an additive genetic model. There is no association between rs8099917 and HBV infection in Chinese population and Asian population.