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Cao C, Wang J, Guo T, Hu X, Li B, Wu C, Liu Z, Pan SW. Voluntary blood donation preferences in China: A discrete choice experiment among experienced and inexperienced donors. Vox Sang 2024; 119:428-438. [PMID: 38389330 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Due partly to an ageing population, China faces an increasingly dire blood shortage crisis requiring greater voluntary blood donations. A better understanding of blood donation preferences can inform blood donation policies and potentially increase donations. We used an online survey and discrete choice experiment to achieve our study objective: identify the most influential structural facilitators and barriers to voluntary blood donation in China. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, we identified six structural attributes (travel time, venue, donation volume, paid leave, scheduling and gifts) that were hypothesized to influence voluntary blood donation; attribute selection was based on a literature review and qualitative interviews. Second, a d-efficient design with 36 choice sets and 9 blocks was developed. Participants were asked to complete four choice sets, and in each choice set, they were asked to choose from three options: two voluntary blood donation scenarios and a 'Do not donate blood' option. Study participants were recruited through an online survey platform company in China. Voluntary blood donation preferences and preferences by blood donation history were estimated with random-parameter logit models and interaction terms. RESULTS In 2022, 1185 individuals enrolled in the study. Most participants had college education (92%). Generally, participants preferred longer paid leave, lower blood donation volumes and gifts after donation. Based on interaction analyses, experienced and inexperienced donors exhibited similar preferences. CONCLUSION Campaigns to increase voluntary blood donation rates in China should consider implementing paid leave after voluntary blood donation, lower blood donation volumes and small gifts conferred after donation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuqing Cao
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tianyu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinwen Hu
- Duke Kunshan University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- Wisdom Lake Pharmacy Academy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Caixia Wu
- Department of Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Department of Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Transfusion Adverse Reactions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Stephen W Pan
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Public Health, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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Chen L, Zhou Y, Zhang S, Xiao M. How anxiety relates to blood donation intention of non-donors: the roles of moral disengagement and mindfulness. THE JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 164:43-58. [PMID: 35152848 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2021.2024121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Blood donation anxiety is a major psychological obstacle for blood donation. However, it remains unclear what the mechanism underlying the relationship between anxiety and blood donation intention is and what factor(s) will buffer the negative effects of anxiety. Based on social cognitive theory, we theorized a model delineating the mechanism with which blood donation anxiety was related to blood donation intention. Data were collected in a three-wave online survey including 425 individuals and was analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS 24.0 software. The results indicated that the negative relationship between blood donation anxiety and blood donation intention was mediated by moral disengagement. Meanwhile, mindfulness was found to play a buffering role in the relationship between blood donation anxiety and moral disengagement as well as the indirect relationship between blood donation anxiety and blood donation intention via moral disengagement. Our findings advanced the understanding of the detrimental consequences of blood donation anxiety and demonstrated that while blood donation anxiety came at a high cost, it can be managed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- Chongqing Technology and Business University
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Wang Z, Wang H. Exploring Blood Donation Challenges and Mobilization Mechanisms in North China During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study. Healthc Policy 2022; 15:1593-1605. [PMID: 36061880 PMCID: PMC9433754 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s372945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted the supply of blood globally, resulting in numerous studies focusing on the challenges in maintaining blood supply, and the responses to it, in countries with a mixed blood donation model. This study explored blood donation challenges and mobilization mechanisms in North China, which employs a non-remunerative donation model, during the COVID-19 pandemic’s first wave. Materials and Methods A qualitative approach was adopted to investigate blood donation practices in Chengde from April to June 2020. Data were collected from eight blood donors, six potential donors, three blood donation station leaders, and two government officials, through semi-structured interviews. Results The major challenge for blood supply was decreased blood donations, owing to lockdown restrictions, and individual and familial apprehensions. Mobilization mechanisms included bureaucratic and ideological mobilization. However, although group blood donation alleviates the pressure on supply chains during emergencies, it is detrimental to the cultivation of civic engagement in the long run. Conclusion This study contributes to the understanding of how countries with uncompensated blood donation models respond to public health emergencies. It suggests that striking a balance between the society’s and the state’s perception of blood donation would allow the state to incorporate the different “voices” of society, and devise an inclusive blood donation policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- The National Police University for Criminal Justice, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zhuo Wang, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15062263226, Email
| | - Hejian Wang
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Kim H, Shin KH, Kim HH, Lee HJ. Perceptions and Experiences of Migrants in Korea Regarding Blood Donation in Association with Sociodemographic Status. Ann Lab Med 2022; 42:258-267. [PMID: 34635617 PMCID: PMC8548250 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2022.42.2.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With increasing number of migrants in Korea, there is an increasing need for blood products with rare blood antigens. Accordingly, the role of blood donors among migrants has been acknowledged. We investigated migrants’ experiences and perceptions of blood donation along with their sociodemographic status and identified the effects on self-reported blood donation status. Methods A cross-sectional survey using a self-developed, structured questionnaire was conducted on 479 migrants. The questionnaire included items about experiences, knowledge, and perceptions on blood donation and sociodemographic factors of respondents. Results Most migrants in this study were from Southeast Asia (54.7%) or China (39.9%). Among them, 28.6% (N=137) had donated blood previously, and 2.7% (N=13) had previously donated blood in Korea. All previous blood donors were volunteers, and the two major deterrents of blood donation for non-donors were the fear of pain and lack of knowledge about blood donation. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, the country of birth (odds ratio [OR]=2.65, P<0.001 [China]; OR=4.85, P=0.001 [countries other than China and Southeast Asian countries]) and employment status (OR=2.80, P=0.034) were independently associated with blood donation. Conclusions This is the first Korean study to analyze migrants’ experiences and perceptions of blood donation in relation to their sociodemographic status. Our findings can help establish blood donation policies for migrants, devise campaigns to enhance blood donation awareness, and ultimately create a pool of rare blood resources in a multicultural society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyerin Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyung-Hoi Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.,Biomedical Informatics Unit, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
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Ou-Yang J, Huang XY, Fu YS, Dai L, Zhong HB, Jiang J, Liang HQ. Effects of message framing on recruiting Rh-D-negative blood donors in an emergency situation: Two randomized trials. Br J Health Psychol 2021; 27:406-433. [PMID: 34337827 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prospect theory categorizes message framing according to whether it emphasizes a possible loss or a possible gain. Promotions of blood donation worldwide mainly focus on gain-framed appeal. The objective of the current study is to examine the effects of message framing on recruiting Rh-D-negative blood donors (RDNBDs) in an emergency situation. DESIGN Two randomized trials. METHODS In Study 1, 813 group O and 500 group B RDNBDs were randomly assigned to three groups receiving three different recruitment text messages: (1) gain-framed, (2) loss-framed, and (3) information messages. In addition, 613 group A and 148 group AB RDNBDs were marked as (4) no message group. In Study 2, 758 RDNBDs were randomly provided one of two versions of materials focusing on either the possible survival (gain-framed) or the death (loss-framed) of a Rh-D-negative patient needed a blood transfusion. These participants then completed a questionnaire to examine the possible mechanisms underlying the observed effects. RESULTS Compared to not receiving any message, significantly more RDNBDs re-donated within 14 days after they received a loss-framed message. Study 2 found that RDNBDs who read the loss-framed material expressed more willingness to donate immediately than those who read the gain-framed material. RDNBDs with high-risk perception expressed a greater blood donation intention in the loss-framed group. The loss-framed message made participants perceive others' needs more strongly, which generated more empathy, and thus increased blood donation intention. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that recruiting RDNBDs using a loss-framed message is suitable under an emergency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ou-Yang
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Huang
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Shui Fu
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Dai
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Bin Zhong
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Jiang
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Qin Liang
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, China
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Knowledge Level, Motivators and Barriers of Blood Donation among Students at Qatar University. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9080926. [PMID: 34442063 PMCID: PMC8391523 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9080926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In Qatar, one out of every ten patients admitted to the hospitals is in urgent need of a blood transfusion or blood products. The aims of this study are as follows: (1) to assess the level of awareness and knowledge about blood donation and (2) to identify the factors that contribute to the willingness to donate blood among young adults. A cross-sectional survey using a constructed questionnaire was conducted among students at Qatar University. A total of 590 responses were collected, out of which 423 were suitable for analysis. Only 72 out of 472 (15%) participants were blood donors. The chi-square test and t-test were then used to study the association of blood donation status with different factors. Significant values were considered to be p ≤ 0.5. Gender and age were found to be significantly associated with blood donation status, with a higher frequency of donation among males and adults above the age of 24 years old. On the other hand, the total knowledge score was found to not be significantly associated with blood donation status with a mean score of 60.5% for both groups (blood donors, non-blood donors). The most common motivators that encouraged blood donors were donating to help people, followed by having a blood mobile unit come to your place, whereas the most common barriers reported by non-blood donors were failing to meet the requirements, followed by "never having been asked to give blood". This is the first study in Qatar to assess blood donation status. It provides insights that would help in developing effective strategies for the recruitment and retention of young adult blood donors in Qatar and countries with similar cultures. Raising awareness about blood donation, along with providing more mobile blood donation units at public places, will aid in increasing the frequency of blood donation among young adults.
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YALMAN F, KARAGÖZ Y. Kan Bağışını Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma. DÜZCE ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI ENSTITÜSÜ DERGISI 2021. [DOI: 10.33631/duzcesbed.838830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Ou-Yang J, Li SJ, Bei CH, He B, Chen JY, Liang HQ, Fu YS. Blood donor recruitment in Guangzhou, China, during the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic. Transfusion 2020; 60:2597-2610. [PMID: 32627205 PMCID: PMC7361411 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) epidemic affected blood collection in Guangzhou, China. Study Design and Methods This paper includes three studies. The observational study reported the trends of blood collection during the epidemic in Guangzhou, China. The cross‐sectional survey investigated factors influencing blood donation during the COVID‐19 epidemic, and a self‐administered questionnaire was given to 1584 street whole blood donors (SWBDs) who donated during the epidemic. The randomized controlled trial involved 19 491 SWBDs who donated in 2019 but did not donate during the epidemic. Trial participants were randomly assigned to two intervention groups: Group 1 completed Questionnaire 1, which contained precautionary measures in response to COVID‐19 and other messages about blood donation during the epidemic; Group 2 completed Questionnaire 2, which did not include this information. A control group did not receive any questionnaire. Results As measures were implemented, the number of blood donors increased accordingly. Both first‐time and repeat SWBDs perceived the same level of blood need and donated blood because it would save lives. SWBDs who completed Questionnaire 1 expressed a greater intention to donate during the epidemic. Enabling blood donors to perceive a higher level of blood need and a lower level of COVID‐19 infection risk related to blood donation mobilized experienced SWBDs to donate within 3 weeks. Intention‐to‐treat analyses and average‐treatment‐effect‐on‐the‐treated estimations confirmed that Questionnaire 1 could motivate SWBDs to actually donate blood. Conclusion Various measures could ease blood shortage during the COVID‐19 epidemic. Administration of Questionnaire 1 could increase blood donations during the epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ou-Yang
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shi-Jie Li
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun-Hua Bei
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo He
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin-Yan Chen
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua-Qin Liang
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong-Shui Fu
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Van Dyke N, Chell K, Masser B, Kruse SP, Gemelli CN, Jensen K, Davison TE. Thank you for donating: a survey of Australian donors' and nondonors' orientations toward noncash incentives for blood donation. Transfusion 2020; 60:1454-1462. [PMID: 32339296 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to understand Australian donors' and nondonors' orientations toward 13 noncash incentives for blood and plasma donation and the associations between orientations and intention to donate (nondonors) and subsequent donation (donors). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A survey of 1028 donors and 1201 nondonors was conducted online and by telephone. Donors were randomly selected from the Australian Red Cross Lifeblood donor panel; nondonors were selected from randomly generated fixed line and mobile telephone numbers across Australia. Incentives were chosen to reflect a wide array of possible noncash incentives that might be introduced by blood donation organizations (BDOs). Differences between donors and nondonors, as well as other subgroups, were investigated. RESULTS Orientations toward most types of incentives were positive or neutral. No significant differences were observed between incentive orientations for whole blood versus plasma donations. Many subgroup differences were small but statistically significant. There were mostly small, positive, significant associations between nondonors' intention to donate and orientations toward noncash incentives; there were mostly no significant associations between donors' orientations and subsequent donation behaviors. CONCLUSION The findings from this study suggest that BDOs that wish to trial noncash incentives in voluntary nonremunerative systems can be confident that neither donors nor potential donors will react negatively. They also indicate that BDOs have some flexibility in deciding which incentives to trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Van Dyke
- Research and Development, The Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kathleen Chell
- Research and Development, The Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Barbara Masser
- Research and Development, The Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sarah P Kruse
- Research and Development, The Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carley N Gemelli
- Research and Development, The Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kyle Jensen
- Research and Development, The Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tanya E Davison
- Research and Development, The Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Allain JP. Current approaches to increase blood donations in resource-limited countries. Transfus Med 2019; 29:297-310. [PMID: 31456255 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) suffer from chronic or seasonal blood shortage. The first review was published in 2007. METHODS The review of literature since 2005 presented here uncovered a fairly large number of articles justifying the grouping of blood donation issues into five geographical areas sharing common background. These are Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), Muslim countries, India, China/South East Asia and Latin America/Caribbean islands (LA&C). RESULTS SSA countries start collecting at 16-18 years of age in schools where female donors can be reached better than in other settings. Community-oriented culture favours family donors who need, similar to volunteer non-remunerated donors (VNRD), to be actively induced to repeat donation. Muslim countries share the contradiction of religion encouraging blood donation but restrain women from donating. The active involvement of religious leaders and the progressive easing of female participation are the keys to increasing blood donation. In India, 'social duty' is a major inducement to blood donation but also benefits and rewards. Ways of involving female donors by reducing the donation age to 16 years and providing donor education in schools need to be considered. In China and East Asia, the option of small-volume donation impairs blood collection without being justified by scientific evidence but is a concession to culture. Reducing the donation age would also help the supply. In LA&C, the concept of 'social capital' was developed as a complement or alternative to the theory of planned behaviour. CONCLUSIONS Strategies to improve blood donation and repeat donation should be innovative and adapted to local or regional culture and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-P Allain
- Emeritus Professor of Transfusion Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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