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Vasiljevic T, Jankovic M, Tomic A, Bakrac I, Radenovic S, Miljanovic D, Knezevic A, Jovanovic T, Djunic I, Todorovic-Balint M. Significance of Cytomegalovirus gB Genotypes in Adult Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Insights from a Single-Centre Investigation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:428. [PMID: 38675390 PMCID: PMC11054653 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a major clinical issue after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The CMV envelope glycoproteins are key in viral pathogenesis; the glycoprotein B (gB) encoded by the UL55 gene might be an important determinant of viral virulence and disease severity marker in patients treated with allogeneic HSCT. Our aim was to investigate the molecular diversity of CMV gB and inquire into the associations between UL55 gene variations and clinical manifestations in adult patients treated with allogeneic HSCT. RESULTS The most prevalent genotypes were gB1 and gB4 (11/27, 40.7%). Patients with genotype gB1 infection had earlier platelet engraftment (p < 0.033) and less frequent minimal/measurable residual disease post HSCT than those without this genotype. Patients with gB4 glycoprotein infection had a significantly lower CD4+/CD8+ ratio at D90 (p < 0.026). Interestingly, patients with gB5 glycoprotein infection had shorter overall survival from base condition diagnosis (p < 0.042), as well as shorter overall survival after HSCT (p < 0.036). Acute GvHD was noted more frequently in those with mixed-genotype infection (p = 0.047). MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included fifty-nine adult patients treated with allogeneic HSCT. Peripheral venous blood was sampled typically per week, with detection of CMV performed by quantitative real-time PCR. Multiplex nested PCR was used to determine specific gB genotypes, which were then statistically compared vis-à-vis specific clinical variables. CONCLUSIONS Our study points to variations in the viral UL55 locus imparting both beneficial (earlier platelet engraftment, less frequent MRD post HSCT) and adverse effects (shorter overall survival, more frequent acute GvHD, less frequent 100% chimerism at day 90) to the transplanted host. Comprehensive molecular investigations are necessary to validate this apparent duality, as the potential benefits of CMV could perhaps be utilized for the benefit of the patient in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Vasiljevic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.V.); (I.B.); (S.R.); (D.M.); (A.K.); (I.D.); (M.T.-B.)
| | - Marko Jankovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.V.); (I.B.); (S.R.); (D.M.); (A.K.); (I.D.); (M.T.-B.)
- Department of Virology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, 1 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Tomic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.V.); (I.B.); (S.R.); (D.M.); (A.K.); (I.D.); (M.T.-B.)
| | - Ida Bakrac
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.V.); (I.B.); (S.R.); (D.M.); (A.K.); (I.D.); (M.T.-B.)
| | - Stefan Radenovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.V.); (I.B.); (S.R.); (D.M.); (A.K.); (I.D.); (M.T.-B.)
| | - Danijela Miljanovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.V.); (I.B.); (S.R.); (D.M.); (A.K.); (I.D.); (M.T.-B.)
- Department of Virology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, 1 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Knezevic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.V.); (I.B.); (S.R.); (D.M.); (A.K.); (I.D.); (M.T.-B.)
- Department of Virology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, 1 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Jovanovic
- Institute for Biocides and Medical Ecology, 16 Trebevicka Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Irena Djunic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.V.); (I.B.); (S.R.); (D.M.); (A.K.); (I.D.); (M.T.-B.)
- Clinic of Haematology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 2 Dr Koste Todorovica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Todorovic-Balint
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 8 Dr Subotica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (T.V.); (I.B.); (S.R.); (D.M.); (A.K.); (I.D.); (M.T.-B.)
- Clinic of Haematology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 2 Dr Koste Todorovica Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Li W, Chen LY, Tao R, Shang SQ. Distribution of Human Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein H Genotypes in Different Samples from Chinese Children. J PEDIAT INF DIS-GER 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate characteristics of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) glycoprotein H (gH) genotypes in urine, throat swab, and serum from children and breast milk from children's mothers.
Methods Fresh urine samples, throat swabs, or serum samples from children and breast milk samples from children's mothers were collected for HCMV DNA detection. The positive samples of HCMV DNA were further detected by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with gH typing.
Results Of 1,703 HCMV DNA-positive samples, the highest proportion (83.3%, 85/102) of children aged between 21 days and 3 months was detected positive in breast milk samples (p = 0.002), and the highest proportion (70.5%, 110/156) of children aged above 3 months was detected positive in throat swab samples (p = 0.002). HCMV in throat swab specimens is mainly high copy (p < 0.0001), and low-copy HCMV is prevalent in breast specimens (p < 0.0001). Among them, 1,059 samples were identified as gH1 genotype, 530 samples were gH2, and 114 samples were coinfection (gH1/2). There had the highest gH2 rates (32.3%) and lowest gH1 (61.0%) rates in urine samples (p = 0.041), whereas the highest gH1 rates (71.6%) and lowest gH2 rates (19.6%) were found in breast milk samples (p = 0.032). Concerning age groups, patients aged between 21 days and 3 months had the highest gH1 proportion (p = 0.017), while patients aged above 3 months had the highest gH1 and gH2 HCMV coinfection proportion (p = 0.002). Among 43 pairs of maternal and child samples corresponding to positive samples, gH genotype of 35 pairs of samples was consistent with a rate of 81.4%.
Conclusion gH1 is the predominant genotype of HCMV in each kind of sample in China. However, the distribution of the HCMV gH genotype is different among different samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Yan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Qiang Shang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Wang HY, Valencia SM, Pfeifer SP, Jensen JD, Kowalik TF, Permar SR. Common Polymorphisms in the Glycoproteins of Human Cytomegalovirus and Associated Strain-Specific Immunity. Viruses 2021; 13:v13061106. [PMID: 34207868 PMCID: PMC8227702 DOI: 10.3390/v13061106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), one of the most prevalent viruses across the globe, is a common cause of morbidity and mortality for immunocompromised individuals. Recent clinical observations have demonstrated that mixed strain infections are common and may lead to more severe disease progression. This clinical observation illustrates the complexity of the HCMV genome and emphasizes the importance of taking a population-level view of genotypic evolution. Here we review frequently sampled polymorphisms in the glycoproteins of HCMV, comparing the variable regions, and summarizing their corresponding geographic distributions observed to date. The related strain-specific immunity, including neutralization activity and antigen-specific cellular immunity, is also discussed. Given that these glycoproteins are common targets for vaccine design and anti-viral therapies, this observed genetic variation represents an important resource for future efforts to combat HCMV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Yuan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Sarah M. Valencia
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Susanne P. Pfeifer
- Center for Evolution & Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA; (S.P.P.); (J.D.J.)
| | - Jeffrey D. Jensen
- Center for Evolution & Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA; (S.P.P.); (J.D.J.)
| | - Timothy F. Kowalik
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA;
| | - Sallie R. Permar
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-212-746-4111
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Iftikhar R, Ahmad P, de Latour R, Dufour C, Risitano A, Chaudhri N, Bazarbachi A, De La Fuente J, Höchsmann B, Osman Ahmed S, Gergis U, Elhaddad A, Halkes C, Albeirouti B, Alotaibi S, Kulasekararaj A, Alzahrani H, Ben Othman T, Cesaro S, Alahmari A, Rihani R, Alshemmari S, Ali Hamidieh A, Bekadja MA, Passweg J, Al-Khabori M, Rasheed W, Bacigalupo A, Chaudhry QUN, Ljungman P, Marsh J, El Fakih R, Aljurf M. Special issues related to the diagnosis and management of acquired aplastic anemia in countries with restricted resources, a report on behalf of the Eastern Mediterranean blood and marrow transplantation (EMBMT) group and severe aplastic anemia working party of the European Society for blood and marrow transplantation (SAAWP of EBMT). Bone Marrow Transplant 2021; 56:2518-2532. [PMID: 34011966 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-021-01332-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Aplastic anemia is a relatively rare but potentially fatal disorder, with a reported higher incidence in developing countries in comparison to the West. There are significant variations in epidemiological as well as etiological factors of bone marrow failure syndromes in the developing countries in comparison to the developed world. Furthermore, the management of bone marrow failure syndromes in resource constraint settings has significant challenges including delayed diagnosis and referral, limited accessibility to healthcare facilities, treatment modalities as well as limitations related to patients who require allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Here we will provide a review of the available evidence related to specific issues of aplastic anemia in the developing countries and we summarize suggested recommendations from the Eastern Mediterranean blood and bone marrow transplantation (EMBMT) group and the severe aplastic anemia working party of the European Society of blood and marrow transplantation (SAAWP of EBMT) related to the diagnosis and therapeutic options in countries with restricted resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheel Iftikhar
- Armed Forces Bone Marrow Transplant Centre, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
| | - Parvez Ahmad
- Armed Forces Bone Marrow Transplant Centre, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - Carlo Dufour
- G Gaslini Children Research Hospital, Genova, Italy
| | - Antonio Risitano
- AORN Moscati, Avellino, Italy.,Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Naeem Chaudhri
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Bazarbachi
- American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | | | - Syed Osman Ahmed
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Usama Gergis
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alaa Elhaddad
- National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Bassim Albeirouti
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Hazzaa Alzahrani
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek Ben Othman
- Center National de Greffe de Moelle Osseuse de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Simone Cesaro
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Ali Alahmari
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Amir Ali Hamidieh
- Pediatric Cell Therapy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Walid Rasheed
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Per Ljungman
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Hematology Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Riad El Fakih
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Aljurf
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Li W, Liu L, Tao R, Zheng X, Li H, Shang S. Epidemiological characteristics of human cytomegalovirus infection and glycoprotein H genotype in Chinese children. Pediatr Neonatol 2020; 61:63-67. [PMID: 31324476 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common pathogen that causes many diseases in young children. HCMV glycoprotein H (gH) genotypes may be associated with the type and severity of some diseases. In this study, systematic surveillance was conducted on the prevalence of HCMV infections and HCMV gH genotypes in children. METHODS Urine samples were collected from children admitted to the inpatient wards and outpatient departments between January 2015 and December 2016 in the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Hangzhou, China), and these were tested by real-time PCR for HCMV DNA detection and HCMV gH genotyping. RESULTS During the study period, a total of 32,542 urine samples were collected and analyzed using real-time PCR to confirm HCMV infection, and 5286 (16.2%) cases were positive for HCMV DNA. From our results, children aged less than one year were the most susceptible population to HCMV. Based on the data obtained from gH probes combined with real-time PCR assay, 964 HCMV-positive samples were genotyped for gH. Among them, 584 (60.6%) were positive for gH1 subtype, 307 (31.8%) for gH2 subtype, and 73 (7.6%) for both gH1 and gH2 subtypes. The gH2 rate of 42.9% indicated HCMV infection was the highest subtype in the group aged ≤28 days while gH1 rate of 77% was the highest in the group aged >3 years. The highest gH2 rate (36.4%) and lowest gH1 rate (50.0%) were detected in children with HCMV viremia, whereas the highest gH1 rates (65.0%) and lowest gH2 rates (28.8%) were found in children with HCMV hepatitis. CONCLUSION The findings of our study show that children less than 1-year-old are the major population among HCMV-infected children. gH1 is the predominant genotype of HCMV in China, which occurs more frequently than gH2 genotype in the case of HCMV hepatitis. However, the opposite tendency is observed in HCMV viremia, where the gH2 genotype is predominant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, PR China
| | - Lifang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, PR China
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, PR China
| | - Huamei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, PR China
| | - Shiqiang Shang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310052, PR China.
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Watanabe M, Torigoe S, Ito M, Negoro M, Suga S. Salivary cytomegalovirus excretion in children in daycare centers and home care facilities in Japan. J Med Virol 2019; 91:2182-2187. [PMID: 31378947 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in developed countries. The incidence of in utero infection is high in pregnant women who are CMV antibody negative. An important infection route is in contact with children who attend daycare centers (DCCs). However, there are few reports on CMV excretion in children at DCCs in Japan. Saliva samples were collected twice during a 6-month interval from children attending one of two DCCs (DCC1 and DCC2 groups) and from those receiving home care (HC group). The samples were used to quantitatively evaluate CMV using real-time polymerase chain reaction and to determine glycoprotein B (gB) genotypes. The percentage of subjects who demonstrated CMV excretion in either the first or second sample collection was higher in the DCC groups than in the HC group, with incidences in the DCC1, DCC2, and HC groups of 53.4% (n = 47 of 88), 23.9% (n = 16 of 67), and 12.7% (n = 7 of 55), respectively. Compared with the DCC2 group, the DDC1 group had a higher incidence of CMV excretion and included more subjects with a high number of viral copies. In both DCC groups, the incidence of CMV excretion was highest in children younger than 3 years of age. In all three groups, the predominant genotypes were gB1 and gB3. Based on the higher incidence of CMV excretion in the DCC groups compared with the HC group, it is considered that CMV infection is acquired mainly in DCCs in children under the age of 3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sadayoshi Torigoe
- Department of Pediatrics, Aquair Medical Station, Yokkaichi, Mie, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Biwako Gakuen Medical and Welfare Motor and Intellectual Disabilities, Yasu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Manami Negoro
- Department of Clinical Research, Mie National Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Shigeru Suga
- Department of Pediatrics, Mie National Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan
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Nahar S, Hokama A, Iraha A, Ohira T, Kinjo T, Hirata T, Kinjo T, Parrott GL, Fujita J. Distribution of cytomegalovirus genotypes among ulcerative colitis patients in Okinawa, Japan. Intest Res 2018; 16:90-98. [PMID: 29422803 PMCID: PMC5797277 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2018.16.1.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To determine the prevalence of glycoprotein B (gB), glycoprotein N (gN), and glycoprotein H (gH) genotypes of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) superimposed on ulcerative colitis (UC) patients in Japan. METHODS Four archived stool samples and 7-archived extracted DNA from stool samples of 11 UC patients with positive multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results for HCMV were used UL55 gene encoding gB, UL73 gene encoding gN, and UL75 gene encoding gH were identified by PCR. Genotypes of gB and glycoprotein N were determined by sequencing. RESULTS Among 11 samples, 8 samples were amplified through PCR. gB, gN, and gH genotypes were successfully detected in 3 of 8 (37.5%), 4 of 8 (50%), and 8 of 8 (100%), respectively. The distribution of gB and gN genotypes analyzed through phylogenetic analysis were as follows: gB1 (2/3, 66.7%), gB3 (1/3, 33.3%), gN3a (2/4, 50%), and gN3b (2/4, 50%). Other gB genotypes (gB2 and gB4) and gN genotypes (gN1, gN2, and gN4) were not detected in this study. Out of successfully amplified 8 samples of gH genotype, gH1 and gH2 were distributed in 12.5% and 75% samples, respectively. Only 1 sample revealed mixed infection of gH genotype. The distribution of gH1 and gH2 differed significantly (1:6, P<0.05) in UC patients. The distribution of single gH genotype also revealed significant difference in UC patients who were treated with immunosuppressive drug (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS In this study, gB1, gN3, and gH2 gene were determined as the most frequently observed genotypes in UC patients, which suggest that there might be an association between these genotypes of HCMV and UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saifun Nahar
- Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Akira Hokama
- Department of Endoscopy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iraha
- Department of Endoscopy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ohira
- Department of Endoscopy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Tetsu Kinjo
- Department of Endoscopy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Hirata
- Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kinjo
- Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Gretchen L. Parrott
- Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Jiro Fujita
- Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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Kalser J, Adler B, Mach M, Kropff B, Puchhammer-Stöckl E, Görzer I. Differences in Growth Properties among Two Human Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein O Genotypes. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1609. [PMID: 28878758 PMCID: PMC5572245 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycoprotein O (gO) of the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the critical subunit of the envelope trimer gH/gL/gO as it interacts with platelet-derived growth factor alpha receptor upon fibroblast entry, and triggers gB-mediated fusion for fibroblast and epithelial cell infection. Eight genotypes (GT) of the highly polymorphic gO gene are described, yet it is unclear whether the distinct GTs differ in their function. Thus, we aimed to elucidate potential functional differences between two highly diverse gO GTs in an otherwise genomically identical HCMV strain. Therefore, resident gO GT1c sequence of strain TB40-BAC4-luc was entirely replaced by gO GT4 of strain Towne and both, GT1c and GT4 viruses, were investigated for their growth properties in fibroblasts and epithelial cells. In addition, two conserved gO cysteines involved in gH/gL/gO stabilization were mutated to serine either in GT1c (C218S and C343S) or GT4 (C216S and C336S) and their effects on cell-free infectivity were assessed. GT4 viruses displayed a significantly enhanced epithelial cell tropism and this resulted in higher virus release upon replication in epithelial cells when compared to GT1c viruses. Further, when the two cysteines were individually mutated in gO GT1c no impairment in cell-free infectivity was observed. This, however, was in sharp contrast to gO GT4, in which both of the corresponding cysteine mutations led to a substantial reduction in cell-free infectivity which was even more pronounced upon mutation of GT4-C336 than of GT4-C216. In conclusion, these findings provide evidence that the two highly diverse gO genotypes, GT1c and GT4, differ in their functional properties as revealed by their different infection capacities for epithelial cells and by their different responsiveness to mutation of strictly conserved cysteine residues. Thus, it is likely that the gO heterogeneity influences cell-free infectivity of HCMV also in vivo which may have important implications for virus host transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kalser
- Center for Virology, Medical University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Adler
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute for Virology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunich, Germany
| | - Michael Mach
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NürnbergErlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Kropff
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NürnbergErlangen, Germany
| | | | - Irene Görzer
- Center for Virology, Medical University of ViennaVienna, Austria
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