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Yang Q, Li A, Wang C, Yang J, Li M, Zhu H, Lu D, Zhu Z, Ye L. Fully genotyping and screening of clinically important blood-group antigens by MALDI TOF mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:548-556. [PMID: 38185764 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Several molecular biology methods are available for high-throughput blood typing. In this study, we aimed to build a high-throughput blood-group genetic screening system for high-frequency blood-group antigen-negative rare-blood groups in donors and patients. The amplification primers for all blood-type gene fragments involving the selected alleles were designed for detection. Single-base extend primers were also designed based on specific loci. DNA fragments were detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MS) for the last nucleotide identification of amplification products in the extend step. The accuracy was verified by known samples. Thirty-six random samples were detected by serological tests and sequencing to verify the system stability. After verification, according to the collected known rare-blood-type samples, all the alleles designed to be detected matched with the validated single-nucleotide polymorphisms. The verification tests showed that all genotyping results of the random samples were in accordance with the findings of serotyping and sequencing. Then, 1258 random donor samples were screened by the built typing system after the verification. Three Fy(a-) and four s- were screened out in 1258 random blood samples. The multiple polymerase chain reaction-based MS detection system can be used in rare-blood-type screening with good accuracy and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixiu Yang
- Immunohematology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Aijing Li
- Immunohematology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Immunohematology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxuan Yang
- Immunohematology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Minghao Li
- Immunohematology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Huijun Zhu
- Immunohematology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Daru Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Ziyan Zhu
- Immunohematology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Luyi Ye
- Immunohematology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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2
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Gueuning M, Thun GA, Trost N, Schneider L, Sigurdardottir S, Engström C, Larbes N, Merki Y, Frey BM, Gassner C, Meyer S, Mattle-Greminger MP. Resolving Genotype-Phenotype Discrepancies of the Kidd Blood Group System Using Long-Read Nanopore Sequencing. Biomedicines 2024; 12:225. [PMID: 38275395 PMCID: PMC10813000 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to substantial improvements in read accuracy, third-generation long-read sequencing holds great potential in blood group diagnostics, particularly in cases where traditional genotyping or sequencing techniques, primarily targeting exons, fail to explain serological phenotypes. In this study, we employed Oxford Nanopore sequencing to resolve all genotype-phenotype discrepancies in the Kidd blood group system (JK, encoded by SLC14A1) observed over seven years of routine high-throughput donor genotyping using a mass spectrometry-based platform at the Blood Transfusion Service, Zurich. Discrepant results from standard serological typing and donor genotyping were confirmed using commercial PCR-SSP kits. To resolve discrepancies, we amplified the entire coding region of SLC14A1 (~24 kb, exons 3 to 10) in two overlapping long-range PCRs in all samples. Amplicons were barcoded and sequenced on a MinION flow cell. Sanger sequencing and bridge-PCRs were used to confirm findings. Among 11,972 donors with both serological and genotype data available for the Kidd system, we identified 10 cases with unexplained conflicting results. Five were linked to known weak and null alleles caused by variants not included in the routine donor genotyping. In two cases, we identified novel null alleles on the JK*01 (Gly40Asp; c.119G>A) and JK*02 (Gly242Glu; c.725G>A) haplotypes, respectively. Remarkably, the remaining three cases were associated with a yet unknown deletion of ~5 kb spanning exons 9-10 of the JK*01 allele, which other molecular methods had failed to detect. Overall, nanopore sequencing demonstrated reliable and accurate performance for detecting both single-nucleotide and structural variants. It possesses the potential to become a robust tool in the molecular diagnostic portfolio, particularly for addressing challenging structural variants such as hybrid genes, deletions and duplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Gueuning
- Department of Research and Development, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, Rütistrasse 19, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Gian Andri Thun
- Department of Research and Development, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, Rütistrasse 19, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Trost
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Cytometry, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Linda Schneider
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Cytometry, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Sigurdardottir
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Cytometry, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte Engström
- Department of Immunohematology, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; (C.E.)
| | - Naemi Larbes
- Department of Immunohematology, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; (C.E.)
| | - Yvonne Merki
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Cytometry, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Beat M. Frey
- Department of Research and Development, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, Rütistrasse 19, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Cytometry, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Immunohematology, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland; (C.E.)
| | - Christoph Gassner
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Private University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, 9495 Triesen, Liechtenstein;
| | - Stefan Meyer
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Cytometry, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Maja P. Mattle-Greminger
- Department of Research and Development, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross, Rütistrasse 19, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
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Yang MH, Chen JW, Wei ST, Hou SM, Chen YJ. The efficacy of ethnic specific blood groups genotyping for routine donor investigation and rare donor identification in Taiwan. Vox Sang 2021; 117:99-108. [PMID: 34159602 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large-scale single nucleotide variation (SNV)-based blood group genotyping assays have been made available for over a decade. Due to differences in ethnic groups, there is much diversity in clinically important blood group antigens and genetic variants. Here, we developed a robust matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF)-based blood group genotyping method on MassARRAY system. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 1428 donors were enrolled into three groups: (a) reagent red cell donors; (b) rare donor or common antigen-negative donors; and (c) group O, R1 R1 /R2 R2 donors. Forty-two SNVs were designed for determining nine blood groups, with X/Y chromosome in two multiplex reactions, on MassARRAY 96-well format system. Further targeted sequence analyses were performed by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS WHO reference reagent (NIBSC code: 11/214) was tested for concordance with the provided genotype results. Among the donors, concordance rate was over 99%. Alleles of important phenotypes such as Mi(a+), Di(a+), and Asian-type DEL and alleles of rare blood groups such as Fy(a-), Jk(a-b-) and s- were screened. Three types of discrepancies were found. Serologically, the 'N' antigen was expressed on genetically MM with GYP*Mur red blood cells and caused genuine discrepancies (9.5%). Genetically, allele dropout (ADO) was caused by rare SNV in the primer for Ss genotype (2.1%) and partial insertion of RHD genes (0.9%) led to difficulties in predicting phenotypes. CONCLUSION Hemo panel module and MassARRAY System in 96-well format showed good performance in terms of large-scale blood group genotyping and phenotype predictions. Implementation of this method is effective for routine blood group genotype screening of donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hua Yang
- Head Office, Taiwan Blood Services Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Wei Chen
- Head Office, Taiwan Blood Services Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Tang Wei
- Head Office, Taiwan Blood Services Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Mou Hou
- Head Office, Taiwan Blood Services Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Jang Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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4
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Gassner C, Denomme GA, Portmann C, Bensing KM, Mattle-Greminger MP, Meyer S, Trost N, Song YL, Engström C, Jungbauer C, Just B, Storry JR, Forster M, Franke A, Frey BM. Two Prevalent ∼100-kb GYPB Deletions Causative of the GPB-Deficient Blood Group MNS Phenotype S-s-U- in Black Africans. Transfus Med Hemother 2020; 47:326-336. [PMID: 32884505 PMCID: PMC7443675 DOI: 10.1159/000504946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The U antigen (MNS5) is one of 49 antigens belonging to the MNS blood group system (ISBT002) carried on glycophorins A (GPA) and B (GPB). U is present on the red blood cells in almost all Europeans and Asians but absent in approximately 1.0% of Black Africans. U negativity coincides with negativity for S (MNS3) and s (MNS4) on GPB, thus be called S-s-U-, and is thought to arise from homozygous deletion of GYPB. Little is known about the molecular background of these deletions. Bioinformatic analysis of the 1000 Genomes Project data revealed several candidate regions with apparent deletions in GYPB. Highly specific Gap-PCRs, only resulting in positive amplification from DNAs with deletions present, allowed for the exact genetic localization of 3 different breakpoints; 110.24- and 103.26-kb deletions were proven to be the most frequent in Black Americans and Africans. Among 157 CEPH DNAs, deletions in 6 out of 8 African ethnicities were present. Allele frequencies of the deletions within African ethnicities varied greatly and reached a cumulative 23.3% among the Mbuti Pygmy people from the Congo. Similar observations were made for U+var alleles, known to cause strongly reduced GPB expression. The 110- and 103-kb deletional GYPB haplotypes were found to represent the most prevalent hereditary factors causative of the MNS blood group phenotype S-s-U-. Respective GYPB deletions are now accessible by molecular detection of homo- and hemizygous transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Gassner
- Independent at www.c-gassner.bio, Zurich, Switzerland
- Molecular Diagnostics and Research and Development, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross (SRC), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | - Claudia Portmann
- Molecular Diagnostics and Research and Development, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross (SRC), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | - Maja P. Mattle-Greminger
- Molecular Diagnostics and Research and Development, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross (SRC), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Meyer
- Molecular Diagnostics and Research and Development, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross (SRC), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Trost
- Molecular Diagnostics and Research and Development, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross (SRC), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Young-Lan Song
- Molecular Diagnostics and Research and Development, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross (SRC), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte Engström
- Molecular Diagnostics and Research and Development, Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Swiss Red Cross (SRC), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Christof Jungbauer
- Blood Service for Vienna, Lower Austria, and Burgenland, Austrian Red Cross, Vienna, Austria
| | - Burkhard Just
- German Red Cross Blood Donation Service West, Hagen, Germany
| | - Jill R. Storry
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Michael Forster
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Beat M. Frey
- Head Office, Blood Transfusion Service Zürich, Swiss Red Cross (SRC), Schlieren, Switzerland
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Flesch BK, Scherer V, Just B, Opitz A, Ochmann O, Janson A, Steitz M, Zeiler T. Molecular Blood Group Screening in Donors from Arabian Countries and Iran Using High-Throughput MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry and PCR-SSP. Transfus Med Hemother 2020; 47:396-408. [PMID: 33173458 DOI: 10.1159/000505495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Only little is known about blood groups other than ABO blood groups and Rhesus factors in Arabian countries and Iran. During the last years, increased migration to Central Europe has put a focus on the question how to guarantee blood supply for patients from these countries, particularly because hemoglobinopathies with the need of regular blood support are more frequent in patients from that region. Therefore, blood group allele frequencies should be determined in individuals from Arabian countries and Iran by molecular typing and compared to a German rare donor panel. Methods 1,111 samples including 800 individuals from Syria, 147 from Iran, 123 from the Arabian Peninsula, and 41 from Northern African countries were included in a MALDI-TOF MS assay to detect polymorphisms coding for Kk, Fy(a/b), Fy<sub>null</sub>, C<sub>w</sub>, Jk(a/b), Jo(a+/a-), Lu(a/b), Lu(8/14), Ss, Do(a/b), Co(a/b), In(a/b), Js(a/b), Kp(a/b), and variant alleles RHCE*c.697C>G and RHCE *c.733C>G. Yt(a/b), S-s-U-, Vel<sub>null</sub>, Co<sub>null</sub>, and RHCE *c.667G>T were tested by PCR-SSP. Results Of the Arabian donors, 2% were homozygous for the FY *02.01N allele (Fy<sub>null</sub>), and 15.7% carried the heterozygous mutation. However, 0.8% of the German donors also carried 1 copy of the allele. 3.6% of all and 29.3% of Northern African donors were heterozygous for the RHCE *c.733C>G substitution, 0.4% of the Syrian probands were heterozygous for DO *01/DO *01.-05, a genotype that was lacking in German donors. Whereas the KEL *02.06 allele coding for the Js(a) phenotype was missing in Germans; 0.8% of the Syrian donors carried 1 copy of this allele. 1.8% of the Syrian but only 0.3% of the German donors were negative for YT *01. One donor from Northern Africa homo-zygously carried the GYPB *270+5g>t mutation, inducing the S-s-U+<sup>w</sup> phenotype, and in 2 German donors a GYPB *c.161G>A exchange, which induces the Mit+ phenotype, caused a GYPB *03 allele dropout in the MALDI assay. The overall failure rate of the Arabian panel was 0.4%. Conclusions Some blood group alleles that are largely lacking in Europeans but had been described in African individuals are present in Arabian populations at a somewhat lower frequency. In single cases, it could be challenging to provide immunized Arabian patients with compatible blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Katharina Flesch
- German Red Cross Blood Service Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Bad Kreuznach, Germany.,German Red Cross Blood Service West, Hagen, Germany
| | - Vanessa Scherer
- German Red Cross Blood Service Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Bad Kreuznach, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Opitz
- German Red Cross Blood Service Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Bad Kreuznach, Germany
| | - Oswin Ochmann
- German Red Cross Blood Service Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Bad Kreuznach, Germany
| | - Anne Janson
- German Red Cross Blood Service Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Bad Kreuznach, Germany
| | - Monika Steitz
- German Red Cross Blood Service Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Bad Kreuznach, Germany
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Krog GR, Rieneck K, Clausen FB, Steffensen R, Dziegiel MH. Blood group genotyping of blood donors: validation of a highly accurate routine method. Transfusion 2019; 59:3264-3274. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.15474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grethe Risum Krog
- Laboratory of Blood Genetics, Blood Bank, Department of Clinical ImmunologyCopenhagen University Hospital, (Rigshospitalet) Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Klaus Rieneck
- Laboratory of Blood Genetics, Blood Bank, Department of Clinical ImmunologyCopenhagen University Hospital, (Rigshospitalet) Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Frederik Banch Clausen
- Laboratory of Blood Genetics, Blood Bank, Department of Clinical ImmunologyCopenhagen University Hospital, (Rigshospitalet) Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Rudi Steffensen
- Department of Clinical ImmunologyAalborg University Hospital Aalborg Denmark
| | - Morten Hanefeld Dziegiel
- Laboratory of Blood Genetics, Blood Bank, Department of Clinical ImmunologyCopenhagen University Hospital, (Rigshospitalet) Copenhagen Denmark
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Menegati SFP, Santos TD, Macedo MD, Castilho L. Discrepancies between red cell phenotyping and genotyping in daily immunohematology laboratory practice. Transfus Apher Sci 2019; 59:102585. [PMID: 31303508 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2019.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
False-positive and false-negative reactions exist for serological and molecular antigen typing methods. If the predicted phenotype is inconsistent with the patient`s known antibodies or serological phenotype, the discrepancy must be investigated. False-negative and false-positive results are clinically problematic in blood donors and patients. In this study, we investigated discrepant results between serology and molecular testing in patients and blood donors that occurred in daily molecular laboratory practice over a two year-period. SCD patients represented a large percentage of our cases of discrepancies but we also observed a high prevalence of discrepancies between phenotypes and genotypes in blood donors. The main reasons that led to discrepancies were recent transfusions and limitations of phenotyping. Discrepancies classified as false positive phenotype/true negative genotype and false negative phenotype/true positive genotype occurred mainly in patients with recent transfusions and individuals with RH variants while those classified as true negative phenotype/false positive genotype involved null phenotypes due to silent genes. Despite the limitations of molecular methods currently employed, we found more false-negative and false-positive phenotypes than genotypes demonstrating that genotyping is more efficient to define the blood types, especially in transfusion dependent patients.
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A genome-wide association study in individuals of African ancestry reveals the importance of the Duffy-null genotype in the assessment of clozapine-related neutropenia. Mol Psychiatry 2019; 24:328-337. [PMID: 30647433 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0335-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Individuals of African ancestry in the United States and Europe are at increased risk of developing schizophrenia and have poorer clinical outcomes. The antipsychotic clozapine, the only licensed medication for treatment-resistant schizophrenia, is under-prescribed and has high rates of discontinuation in individuals of African ancestry, due in part to increased rates of neutropenia. The genetic basis of lower neutrophil levels in those of African ancestry has not previously been investigated in the context of clozapine treatment. We sought to identify risk alleles in the first genome-wide association study of neutrophil levels during clozapine treatment, in 552 individuals with treatment-resistant schizophrenia and robustly inferred African genetic ancestry. Two genome-wide significant loci were associated with low neutrophil counts during clozapine treatment. The most significantly associated locus was driven by rs2814778 (β = -0.9, P = 4.21 × 10-21), a known regulatory variant in the atypical chemokine receptor 1 (ACKR1) gene. Individuals homozygous for the C allele at rs2814778 were significantly more likely to develop neutropenia and have to stop clozapine treatment (OR = 20.4, P = 3.44 × 10-7). This genotype, also termed "Duffy-null", has previously been shown to be associated with lower neutrophil levels in those of African ancestry. Our results indicate the relevance of the rs2814778 genotype for those taking clozapine and its potential as a pharmacogenetic test, dependent on the outcome of additional safety studies, to assist decision making in the initiation and on-going management of clozapine treatment.
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9
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Łukasik E, Nowak I, Czerwinski M, Waśniowska K. Duffy blood group system - the frequency of Duffy antigen polymorphisms and novel mutations in the Polish population. Transfus Apher Sci 2019; 58:156-161. [PMID: 30639084 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2018.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Duffy blood group genes are highly polymorphic with the distribution of alleles varying between different populations and ethnic groups. The aim of this study was to genotype Duffy blood group antigens and to establish FY alleles frequency in the Polish population and screen for novel FY gene mutations. Duffy phenotype and genotype frequencies analysis was based on studies of 596 persons. All these subjects were genotyped by high-resolution melting (HRM) method. It was shown that phenotype Fy(a+b+), defined by genotypes FY*A/FY*B (33%), FY*A/FY*B298A (13%), and FY*A/FY*02W.01 (2.8%) was the most common in Polish population (˜49%), followed by Fy(a-b+), ˜29%, determined by genotypes arising from FY*B allele and all its variants. Fy(a+b-) phenotype occurred with a frequency of 21.3% and was defined by the following genotypes: FY*A/A (21%), and FY*A/02N.01 (0.3%). Among the Polish population the frequencies of FY*A, FY*B, and FY*B298A alleles were 45.7%, 36% and 15.5%, respectively. The alleles FY*B298A and FY*B combined together, represented higher frequency (51%) than FY*A. Alleles FY*02W.01 and FY*02N.01 had frequencies 2.51% and 0.25%, respectively. The distribution of Duffy genotypes in the Polish population was in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p = 0.9682). Alleles in the genotypes are independent from each other (r = 0.0278, R2 = 0.00077). New mutations identified in the promoter region (c.-79T > C) and the coding region of the FY gene (c.147C > A and c.175 G > A) did not affect the Duffy antigen expression on erythrocyte. Although FY alleles frequency is known in different populations, no data for Polish population is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Łukasik
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Izabela Nowak
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marcin Czerwinski
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland; Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Prószkowska 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland
| | - Kazimiera Waśniowska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland; Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Prószkowska 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland.
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10
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Portegys J, Rink G, Bloos P, Scharberg EA, Klüter H, Bugert P. Towards a Regional Registry of Extended Typed Blood Donors: Molecular Typing for Blood Group, Platelet and Granulocyte Antigens. Transfus Med Hemother 2018; 45:331-340. [PMID: 30498411 PMCID: PMC6257148 DOI: 10.1159/000493555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The provision of compatible blood products to patients is the most essential task of transfusion medicine. Besides ABO and Rh, a number of additional blood group antigens often have to be considered for the blood supply of immunized or chronically transfused patients. It also applies for platelet antigens (HPA) and neutrophil antigens (HNA) for patients receiving platelet or granulocyte concentrates. Here, we describe the molecular screening for a number of blood group, HPA, and HNA alleles. Based on the screening results we are building up a regional blood donor registry to provide extended matched blood products on demand. METHODS We developed and validated TaqMan™ PCR and PCR-SSP methods for genetic markers defining 37 clinically relevant blood group antigens (beyond ABO and Rh), 10 HPA, and 11 HNA. Furthermore, we describe a feasible method for fast molecular screening of the HNA-2null phenotype. All data were statistically evaluated regarding genotype distribution. Allele frequencies were compared to ExAC data from non-Finnish Europeans. RESULTS Up to now more than 2,000 non-selected regular blood donors in south-west Germany have been screened for blood group, HPA, and HNA alleles. The screening results were confirmed by serology and PCR-SSP methods for selected numbers of samples. The allele frequencies were similar to non-finnish Europeans in the ExAC database except for the alleles encoding the S, HPA-3b and HNA-4b antigens, with significantly lower prevalence in our cohort, as well as the LU14 and the HNA-3b antigens, with a higher frequency compared to the ExAC data. We identified 71 donors with rare blood groups such as Lu(a+b-), Kp(a+b-), Fy(a-b-) and Vel-, and 169 donors with less prevalent HPA or HNA types. CONCLUSION Molecular screening for blood group alleles by using TaqMan™ PCR is an effective and reliable high-throughput method for establishing a rare donor registry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Portegys
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gabi Rink
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Pia Bloos
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Erwin A. Scharberg
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Baden-Baden; Germany
| | - Harald Klüter
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter Bugert
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
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11
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Wagner FF, Doescher A, Bittner R, Müller TH. Extended Donor Typing by Pooled Capillary Electrophoresis: Impact in a Routine Setting. Transfus Med Hemother 2018; 45:225-237. [PMID: 30283272 DOI: 10.1159/000490155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background PCR with sequence-specific priming using allele-specific fluorescent primers and analysis on a capillary sequencer is a standard technique for DNA typing. We aimed to adapt this method for donor typing in a medium-throughput setting. Methods Using the Extract-N-Amp PCR system, we devised a set of eight multiplex allele-specific PCR with fluorescent primers for Fya/Fyb, Jka/Jkb, M/N, and S/s. The alleles of a gene were discriminated by the fluorescent color; donor and polymorphism investigated were encoded by product length. Time, cost, and routine performance were collated. Discrepant samples were investigated by sequencing. The association of new alleles with the phenotype was evaluated by a step-wise statistical analysis. Results On validation using 312 samples, for 1.1% of antigens (in 5.4% of samples) no prediction was obtained. 99.96% of predictions were correct. Consumable cost per donor were below EUR 2.00. In routine use, 92.2% of samples were successfully predicted. Discrepancies were most frequently due to technical reasons. A total of 11 previously unknown alleles were detected in the Kell, Lutheran, and Colton blood group systems. In 2017, more than 20% of the RBC units prepared by our institution were from donors with predicted antigen status. A steady supply of Yt(a-), Co(a-) and Lu(b-) RBC units was ensured. Conclusions Pooled capillary electrophoresis offers a suitable alternative to other methods for extended donor DNA typing. Establishing a large cohort of typed donors improved transfusion support for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz F Wagner
- DRK Blutspendedienst NSTOB, Institute Springe, Springe, Germany
| | - Andrea Doescher
- DRK Blutspendedienst NSTOB, Institute Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Rita Bittner
- DRK Blutspendedienst NSTOB, Institute Springe, Springe, Germany
| | - Thomas H Müller
- DRK Blutspendedienst NSTOB, Institute Springe, Springe, Germany
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12
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Gassner C, Degenhardt F, Meyer S, Vollmert C, Trost N, Neuenschwander K, Merki Y, Portmann C, Sigurdardottir S, Zorbas A, Engström C, Gottschalk J, Amar El Dusouqui S, Waldvogel-Abramovski S, Rigal E, Tissot JD, Tinguely C, Mauvais SM, Sarraj A, Bessero D, Stalder M, Infanti L, Buser A, Sigle J, Weingand T, Castelli D, Braisch MC, Thierbach J, Heer S, Schulzki T, Krawczak M, Franke A, Frey BM. Low-Frequency Blood Group Antigens in Switzerland. Transfus Med Hemother 2018; 45:239-250. [PMID: 30283273 DOI: 10.1159/000490714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High-frequency blood group antigens (HFA) are present in >90% of the human population, according to some reports even in >99% of individuals. Therefore, patients lacking HFA may become challenging for transfusion support because compatible blood is hardly found, and if the patient carries alloantibodies, the cross-match will be positive with virtual every red cell unit tested. Methods In this study, we applied high-throughput blood group SNP genotyping on >37,000 Swiss blood donors, intending to identify homozygous carriers of low-frequency blood group antigens (LFA). Results 326 such individuals were identified and made available to transfusion specialists for future support of patients in need of rare blood products. Conclusion Thorough comparison of minor allele frequencies using population genetics revealed heterogeneity of allele distributions among Swiss blood donors which may be explained by the topographical and cultural peculiarities of Switzerland. Moreover, geographically localized donor subpopulations are described which contain above-average numbers of individuals carrying rare blood group genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Gassner
- Blood Transfusion Service Zürich, Swiss Red Cross (SRC), Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Research (MOC), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Frauke Degenhardt
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Meyer
- Blood Transfusion Service Zürich, Swiss Red Cross (SRC), Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Research (MOC), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | - Nadine Trost
- Blood Transfusion Service Zürich, Swiss Red Cross (SRC), Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Research (MOC), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Kathrin Neuenschwander
- Blood Transfusion Service Zürich, Swiss Red Cross (SRC), Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Research (MOC), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Yvonne Merki
- Blood Transfusion Service Zürich, Swiss Red Cross (SRC), Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Research (MOC), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Portmann
- Blood Transfusion Service Zürich, Swiss Red Cross (SRC), Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Research (MOC), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Sigurdardottir
- Blood Transfusion Service Zürich, Swiss Red Cross (SRC), Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Research (MOC), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Antigoni Zorbas
- Blood Transfusion Service Zürich, SRC, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Emmanuel Rigal
- Blood Transfusion Service Genève, SRC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Daniel Tissot
- Blood Transfusion Service Vaud, SRC (recently merged with Interregional Blood Transfusion, SRC, Ltd., Bern), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Simon M Mauvais
- Blood Transfusion Service Neuchâtel-Jura, SRC, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Amira Sarraj
- Blood Transfusion Service Neuchâtel-Jura, SRC, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Bessero
- Blood Transfusion Service Valais, SRC (recently merged with Interregional Blood Transfusion, SRC, Ltd., Bern), Sion, Switzerland
| | - Michele Stalder
- Blood Transfusion Service Valais, SRC (recently merged with Interregional Blood Transfusion, SRC, Ltd., Bern), Sion, Switzerland
| | - Laura Infanti
- Blood Transfusion Service beider Basel, SRC, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Buser
- Blood Transfusion Service beider Basel, SRC, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Sigle
- Blood Transfusion Service Aargau-Solothurn, SRC, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Tina Weingand
- Blood Transfusion Service Zentralschweiz, SRC, Luzern, Switzerland
| | - Damiano Castelli
- Blood Transfusion Service Svizzera Italiana, SRC, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Monica C Braisch
- Blood Transfusion Service Ostschweiz, SRC, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Jutta Thierbach
- Blood Transfusion Service Ostschweiz, SRC, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Heer
- Blood Transfusion Service Graubünden, SRC, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Schulzki
- Blood Transfusion Service Graubünden, SRC, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Michael Krawczak
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Statistics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Beat M Frey
- Blood Transfusion Service Zürich, SRC, Schlieren, Switzerland
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13
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Gomez-Martinez J, Silvy M, Chiaroni J, Fournier-Wirth C, Roubinet F, Bailly P, Brès JC. Multiplex Lateral Flow Assay for Rapid Visual Blood Group Genotyping. Anal Chem 2018; 90:7502-7509. [PMID: 29842785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Conventional blood group phenotyping by hemagglutination assays, carried out pretransfusion, is unsuitable in certain clinical situations. Molecular typing offers an alternative method, allowing the deduction of blood group phenotype from genotype. However, current methods require a long turnaround time and are not performed on-site, limiting their application in emergency situations. Here, we report the development of a novel, rapid multiplex molecular method to identify seven alleles in three clinically relevant blood group systems (Kidd, Duffy, and MNS). Our test, using a dry-reagent allele-specific lateral flow biosensor, does not require DNA extraction and allows easy visual determination of blood group genotype. Multiplex linear-after-the-exponential (LATE)-PCR and lateral flow parameters were optimized with a total processing time of 1 h from receiving the blood sample. Our assay had a 100% concordance rate between the deduced and the standard serological phenotype in a sample from 108 blood donors, showing the accuracy of the test. Owing to its simple handling, the assay can be operated by nonskilled health-care professionals. The proposed assay offers the potential for the development of other relevant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panels for immunohematology and new applications, such as for infectious diseases, in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Gomez-Martinez
- Etablissement Français du Sang Occitanie , F-34184 Montpellier , France.,Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections , University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS , F-34184 Montpellier , France
| | - Monique Silvy
- Etablissement Français du Sang PACA Corse , Biologie des Groupes Sanguins , F-13385 Marseille , France.,University of Aix Marseille, CNRS, EFS, ADES , F-13385 Marseille , France
| | - Jacques Chiaroni
- Etablissement Français du Sang PACA Corse , Biologie des Groupes Sanguins , F-13385 Marseille , France.,University of Aix Marseille, CNRS, EFS, ADES , F-13385 Marseille , France
| | - Chantal Fournier-Wirth
- Etablissement Français du Sang Occitanie , F-34184 Montpellier , France.,Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections , University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS , F-34184 Montpellier , France
| | - Francis Roubinet
- Etablissement Français du Sang Occitanie , F-34184 Montpellier , France
| | - Pascal Bailly
- Etablissement Français du Sang PACA Corse , Biologie des Groupes Sanguins , F-13385 Marseille , France.,University of Aix Marseille, CNRS, EFS, ADES , F-13385 Marseille , France
| | - Jean-Charles Brès
- Etablissement Français du Sang Occitanie , F-34184 Montpellier , France.,Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections , University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS , F-34184 Montpellier , France
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14
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Onodera T, Kawai M, Obara K, Enomoto T, Sasaki K, Osabe T, Ogasawara K, Toyoda C, Tsuneyama H, Uchikawa M, Inaba S, Satake M. Silent KEL alleles identified from Japanese individuals with the K o phenotype. Vox Sang 2017; 113:290-296. [PMID: 29280152 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The rare Ko phenotype lacks all 36 antigens in the Kell blood system. The molecular basis of the Ko phenotype has been investigated, and more than 40 silent KEL alleles are reported by many investigators. The majority of silent alleles are the KEL*02 background. Here, we report molecular genetic analysis of the KEL gene in Japanese individuals with the Ko phenotype. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Ko phenotype was screened from Japanese blood donors for several years using monoclonal anti-Ku or anti-K14 by an automated blood grouping system PK7300. Kell-related antigens were typed by standard tube tests. Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood samples, and KEL gene was analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Sanger sequencing. RESULTS We collected 35 Ko blood samples with K-k-, Kp(a-b-), Js(a-b-) and K14-. PCR and sequence analysis revealed that 11 individuals were homozygous for a mutant KEL allele with a c.299G>C (p.Cys100Ser) mutation (rs. 200268316). Three individuals were homozygous for the KEL*02N.24 allele that is c.715G>T (p.Glu239*), and one individual was homozygous for the KEL*02N.40 allele that is c.1474C>T (p.Arg492*). Five individuals were homozygous for novel KEL alleles with single-nucleotide mutations, four individuals had a c.2175delC (p.Pro725 fs*43), and one individual had a c.328delA (p.Arg110 fs*79). The remaining 15 individuals were compound heterozygous, and eight new alleles were identified from them. CONCLUSIONS We identified three known and ten new silent KEL alleles from Japanese individuals with the Ko phenotype. The KEL allele with the c.299G>C (p.Cys100Ser) mutation was the most frequent.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Onodera
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - M Kawai
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Obara
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - T Enomoto
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - K Sasaki
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Osabe
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Ogasawara
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Toyoda
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Tsuneyama
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Uchikawa
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Inaba
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - M Satake
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Frequency of red blood cell genotypes in multi-transfused patients and blood donors from Minas Gerais, Southeast Brazil. Transfus Apher Sci 2017; 57:71-75. [PMID: 29330014 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The frequency of red blood cell (RBC) antigens in Brazil varies due to differences in the ethnic groups in different regions; however, these studies have not been performed in Minas Gerais, where African admixture is more prevalent in comparison with other states. Due to these facts, this study aimed to determine the frequency of RBC genotypes on Rh, Kell, Duffy and Kidd systems in blood donors and multi-transfused patients from Minas Gerais, Southeast Brazil. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 170 donors and 117 patients with different diagnosis and at least three RBC transfusions. DNA was extracted from leukocytes and genotyped by PCR-SSP, Multiplex or RFLP to alleles of the referred systems. The results were compared by the Chi-Square test, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS The most frequent genotypes were: RHD+, RHCE*ce/RHCE*ce, KEL*2/KEL*2, FY*B-67T/FY*B-67T and JK*A/JK*B. FY*B-67C/FY*B-67C, RHD*Ψ and JK*A/JK*A genotypes were more prevalent in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients than in donors. Many differences in RBC genotype frequencies were observed in comparison with studies from other states and countries. CONCLUSION The results reinforce the importance of determining RBC genotypes of blood donors and patients in different regions of Brazil and the world, improving the transfusion safety of individuals requiring chronic RBC transfusions, especially those with SCD, due to ethnic differences in relation to donors.
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16
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Caesar A, Meyer S, Trost N, Neuenschwander K, Geisen C, Frey BM, Gassner C, Schwind P. A uniform method for the simultaneous blood group phenotyping of Fya
, Fyb
, Jka
, Jkb
, S, s̅, P1, k applying lateral-flow technique. Vox Sang 2017; 113:177-184. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Caesar
- Medion Grifols Diagnostics AG; Duedingen Switzerland
| | - S. Meyer
- Blood Transfusion Service Zurich; Swiss Red Cross; Schlieren Switzerland
| | - N. Trost
- Blood Transfusion Service Zurich; Swiss Red Cross; Schlieren Switzerland
| | - K. Neuenschwander
- Blood Transfusion Service Zurich; Swiss Red Cross; Schlieren Switzerland
| | - C. Geisen
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology; German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH; Goethe University Hospital; Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - B. M. Frey
- Blood Transfusion Service Zurich; Swiss Red Cross; Schlieren Switzerland
| | - C. Gassner
- Blood Transfusion Service Zurich; Swiss Red Cross; Schlieren Switzerland
| | - P. Schwind
- Medion Grifols Diagnostics AG; Duedingen Switzerland
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17
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Flegel WA, Gottschall JL, Denomme GA. Integration of red cell genotyping into the blood supply chain: a population-based study. LANCET HAEMATOLOGY 2017. [PMID: 26207259 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(15)00090-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When problems with compatibility arise, transfusion services often use time-consuming serological tests to identify antigen-negative red cell units for safe transfusion. New methods have made red cell genotyping possible for all clinically relevant blood group antigens. We did mass-scale genotyping of donor blood and provided hospitals with access to a large red cell database to meet the demand for antigen-negative red cell units beyond ABO and Rh blood typing. METHODS We established a red cell genotype database at the BloodCenter of Wisconsin on July 17, 2010. All self-declared African American, Asian, Hispanic, and Native American blood donors were eligible irrespective of their ABO and Rh type or history of donation. Additionally, blood donors who were groups O, A, and B, irrespective of their Rh phenotype, were eligible for inclusion only if they had a history of at least three donations in the previous 3 years, with one donation in the previous 12 months at the BloodCenter of Wisconsin. We did red cell genotyping with a nanofluidic microarray system, using 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms to predict 42 blood group antigens. An additional 14 antigens were identified via serological phenotype. We monitored the ability of the red cell genotype database to meet demand for compatible blood during 3 years. In addition to the central database at the BloodCenter of Wisconsin, we gave seven hospitals online access to a web-based antigen query portal on May 1, 2013, to help them to locate antigen-negative red cell units in their own inventories. FINDINGS We analysed genotype data for 43,066 blood donors. Requests were filled for 5661 (99.8%) of 5672 patient encounters in which antigen-negative red cell units were needed. Red cell genotyping met the demand for antigen-negative blood in 5339 (94.1%) of 5672 patient encounters, and the remaining 333 (5.9%) requests were filled by use of serological data. Using the 42 antigens represented in our red cell genotype database, we were able to fill 14,357 (94.8%) of 15,140 requests for antigen-negative red cell units from hospitals served by the BloodCenter of Wisconsin. In the pilot phase, the seven hospitals identified 71 units from 52 antigen-negative red cell unit requests. INTERPRETATION Red cell genotyping has the potential to transform the way antigen-negative red cell units are provided. An antigen query portal could reduce the need for transportation of blood and serological screening. If this wealth of genotype data can be made easily accessible online, it will help with the supply of affordable antigen-negative red cell units to ensure patient safety. FUNDING BloodCenter of Wisconsin Diagnostic Laboratories Strategic Initiative and the NIH Clinical Center Intramural Research Program.
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18
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Tanaka M, Kamada I, Takahashi J, Kimura T, Tani Y. Genotyping of theABCG2gene using Matrix-Associated Laser Desorption/Ionisation, Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Transfus Med 2017; 28:255-260. [DOI: 10.1111/tme.12474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Tanaka
- Japanese Red Cross Kinki Block Blood Center; Osaka Japan
| | - I. Kamada
- Japanese Red Cross Kinki Block Blood Center; Osaka Japan
| | - J. Takahashi
- Japanese Red Cross Kinki Block Blood Center; Osaka Japan
| | - T. Kimura
- Japanese Red Cross Kinki Block Blood Center; Osaka Japan
| | - Y. Tani
- Japanese Red Cross Kinki Block Blood Center; Osaka Japan
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19
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Gorakshakar A, Gogri H, Ghosh K. Evolution of technology for molecular genotyping in blood group systems. Indian J Med Res 2017; 146:305-315. [PMID: 29355136 PMCID: PMC5793464 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_914_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular basis of the blood group antigens was identified first in the 1980s and 1990s. Since then the importance of molecular biology in transfusion medicine has been described extensively by several investigators. Molecular genotyping of blood group antigens is one of the important aspects and is successfully making its way into transfusion medicine. Low-, medium- and high-throughput techniques have been developed for this purpose. Depending on the requirement of the centre like screening for high- or low-prevalence antigens where antisera are not available, correct typing of multiple transfused patients, screening for antigen-negative donor units to reduce the rate of alloimmunization, etc. a suitable technique can be selected. The present review discusses the evolution of different techniques to detect molecular genotypes of blood group systems and how these approaches can be used in transfusion medicine where haemagglutination is of limited value. Currently, this technology is being used in only a few blood banks in India. Hence, there is a need for understanding this technology with all its variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Gorakshakar
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, ICMR- National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai, India
| | - Harita Gogri
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, ICMR- National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai, India
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20
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Ji YL, Luo H, Wen JZ, Haer-Wigman L, Veldhuisen B, Wei L, Wang Z, Ligthart P, Lodén-van Straaten M, Fu YS, van der Schoot CE, Luo GP. RHDgenotype and zygosity analysis in the Chinese Southern Han D+, D− and D variant donors using the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification assay. Vox Sang 2017; 112:660-670. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. L. Ji
- Guangzhou Blood Center; Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion; Guangzhou China
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory; Academic Medical Centre; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - H. Luo
- Guangzhou Blood Center; Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion; Guangzhou China
| | - J. Z. Wen
- Guangzhou Blood Center; Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion; Guangzhou China
| | - L. Haer-Wigman
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory; Academic Medical Centre; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - B. Veldhuisen
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory; Academic Medical Centre; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- The Department of Immunohematology Diagnostics; Sanquin Diagnostic Services; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - L. Wei
- Guangzhou Blood Center; Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion; Guangzhou China
| | - Z. Wang
- Guangzhou Blood Center; Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion; Guangzhou China
| | - P. Ligthart
- The Department of Immunohematology Diagnostics; Sanquin Diagnostic Services; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | | | - Y. S. Fu
- Guangzhou Blood Center; Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion; Guangzhou China
| | - C. E. van der Schoot
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory; Academic Medical Centre; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - G. P. Luo
- Guangzhou Blood Center; Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion; Guangzhou China
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21
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Genotyping for Glycophorin GYP(B-A-B) Hybrid Genes Using a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism-Based Algorithm by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation, Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Mol Biotechnol 2017; 58:665-671. [PMID: 27435823 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-016-9966-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The genetic basis for five GP(B-A-B) MNS system hybrid glycophorin blood group antigens results from rearrangement between the homologous GYPA and GYPB genes. Each hybrid glycophorin displays a characteristic profile of antigens. Currently, no commercial serological reagents are currently available to serologically type for these antigens. The aim of this study was to develop a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mapping genotyping technique to allow characterisation of various GYP(B-A-B) hybrid alleles. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) assays were designed to genotype five GYP(B-A-B) hybrid alleles. Eight nucleotide positions were targeted and incorporated into the SNP mapping protocol. The allelic frequencies were calculated using peak areas. Sanger sequencing was performed to resolve a GYP*Hop 3' breakpoint. Observed allelic peak area ratios either coincided with the expected ratio or were skewed (above or below) from the expected ratio with switching occurring at and after the expected break point to generate characteristic mass spectral plots for each hybrid. Sequencing showed that the GYP*Hop crossover in the intron 3 region, for this example, was identical to that for GYP*Bun reference sequence. An analytical algorithm using MALDI-TOF MS genotyping platform defined GYPA inserts for five GYP(B-A-B) hybrids. The SNP mapping technique described here demonstrates proof of concept that this technology is viable for genotyping hybrid glycophorins, GYP(A-B-A), GYP(A-B) and GYP(B-A), and addresses the gap in current typing technologies.
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22
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Fasano RM, Sullivan HC, Bray RA, Gebel HM, Meyer EK, Winkler AM, Josephson CD, Stowell SR, Sandy Duncan A, Roback JD. Genotyping Applications for Transplantation and Transfusion Management: The Emory Experience. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2017; 141:329-340. [PMID: 28234571 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2016-0277-sa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Current genotyping methodologies for transplantation and transfusion management employ multiplex systems that allow for simultaneous detection of multiple HLA antigens, human platelet antigens, and red blood cell (RBC) antigens. The development of high-resolution, molecular HLA typing has led to improved outcomes in unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplants by better identifying compatible alleles of the HLA-A, B, C, DRB1, and DQB1 antigens. In solid organ transplantation, the combination of high-resolution HLA typing with solid-phase antibody identification has proven of value for highly sensitized patients and has significantly reduced incompatible crossmatches at the time of organ allocation. This database-driven, combined HLA antigen/antibody testing has enabled routine implementation of "virtual crossmatching" and may even obviate the need for physical crossmatching. In addition, DNA-based testing for RBC antigens provides an alternative typing method that mitigates many of the limitations of hemagglutination-based phenotyping. Although RBC genotyping has utility in various transfusion settings, it has arguably been most useful for minimizing alloimmunization in the management of transfusion-dependent patients with sickle cell disease or thalassemia. The availability of high-throughput RBC genotyping for both individuals and large populations of donors, along with coordinated informatics systems to compare patients' antigen profiles with available antigen-negative and/or rare blood-typed donors, holds promise for improving the efficiency, reliability, and extent of RBC matching for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John D Roback
- From the Center for Transfusion and Cellular Therapies (Drs Fasano, Sullivan, Meyer, Winkler, Josephson, Stowell, Duncan, and Roback) and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Drs Fasano, Sullivan, Bray, Gebel, Meyer, Winkler, Josephson, Stowell, Duncan, and Roback), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; and the Department of Transfusion, Tissue, and Apheresis, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta (Drs Fasano, Meyer, and Josephson). Dr Meyer is now with the Department of Pathology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus
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Ji Y, Wen J, Veldhuisen B, Haer-Wigman L, Wang Z, Lodén-van Straaten M, Wei L, Luo G, Fu Y, van der Schoot CE. Validation of the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification assay and its application on the distribution study of the major alleles of 17 blood group systems in Chinese donors from Guangzhou. Transfusion 2016; 57:423-432. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.13940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Ji
- Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory; Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Jizhi Wen
- Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Barbera Veldhuisen
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory; Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke Haer-Wigman
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory; Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Zhen Wang
- Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | | | - Ling Wei
- Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Guangping Luo
- Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Yongshui Fu
- Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center; Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - C. Ellen van der Schoot
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory; Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
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24
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Fasano RM, Chou ST. Red Blood Cell Antigen Genotyping for Sickle Cell Disease, Thalassemia, and Other Transfusion Complications. Transfus Med Rev 2016; 30:197-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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25
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Costa DC, Schinaider AA, Santos TM, Schörner EJ, Simon D, Maluf SW, de Moraes ACR, Silva MCS. Frequencies of polymorphisms of the Rh, Kell, Kidd, Duffy and Diego systems of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 2016; 38:199-205. [PMID: 27521857 PMCID: PMC4997891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjhh.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Red blood cell genes are highly polymorphic with the distribution of alleles varying between different populations and ethnic groups. The objective of this study was to investigate gene polymorphisms of blood groups in the state of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil. Methods Three hundred and seventy-three unrelated blood donors and 31 transfusion-dependent patients were evaluated to investigate polymorphisms of the Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, and Diego blood group systems in a population from the state of Santa Catarina. The subjects, from seven regions that comprise the blood-banking network of the state, were assessed between August 2011 and March 2014. The genotypes of the Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, and Diego systems were determined using the restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction and allele-specific polymerase chain reaction techniques. Results The genotype frequencies in this study were significantly different when populations from different regions of Santa Catarina were compared. Furthermore, there were also significant differences in the genetic frequencies compared to other Brazilian states. The genotype frequencies of the Kell and Kidd blood groups are similar to European populations from Naples, Italy and Zurich, Switzerland. Conclusion This article reports for the first time the frequency of polymorphisms of blood group systems in blood donors from Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Daniel Simon
- Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil
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26
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Meyer S, Vollmert C, Trost N, Sigurdardottir S, Portmann C, Gottschalk J, Ries J, Markovic A, Infanti L, Buser A, Amar el Dusouqui S, Rigal E, Castelli D, Weingand B, Maier A, Mauvais SM, Sarraj A, Braisch MC, Thierbach J, Hustinx H, Frey BM, Gassner C. MNSs genotyping by MALDI-TOF MS shows high concordance with serology, allows gene copy number testing and reveals new St(a) alleles. Br J Haematol 2016; 174:624-36. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Meyer
- Blood Transfusion Service Zürich; Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Research (MOC); Swiss Red Cross (SRC); Zürich Schlieren Switzerland
| | | | - Nadine Trost
- Blood Transfusion Service Zürich; Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Research (MOC); Swiss Red Cross (SRC); Zürich Schlieren Switzerland
| | - Sonja Sigurdardottir
- Blood Transfusion Service Zürich; Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Research (MOC); Swiss Red Cross (SRC); Zürich Schlieren Switzerland
| | - Claudia Portmann
- Blood Transfusion Service Zürich; Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Research (MOC); Swiss Red Cross (SRC); Zürich Schlieren Switzerland
| | | | - Judith Ries
- Blood Transfusion Service Zürich; SRC; Schlieren Switzerland
| | | | - Laura Infanti
- Blood Transfusion Service beider Basel; SRC; Basel Switzerland
| | - Andreas Buser
- Blood Transfusion Service beider Basel; SRC; Basel Switzerland
| | | | - Emmanuel Rigal
- Blood Transfusion Service Genève; SRC; Geneva Switzerland
| | - Damiano Castelli
- Blood Transfusion Service Svizzera Italiana; SRC; Lugano Switzerland
| | - Bettina Weingand
- Blood Transfusion Service Zentralschweiz; SRC; Lucerne Switzerland
| | - Andreas Maier
- Blood Transfusion Service Zentralschweiz; SRC; Lucerne Switzerland
| | - Simon M. Mauvais
- Blood Transfusion Service Neuchâtel-Jura; SRC; Neuchâtel Switzerland
| | - Amira Sarraj
- Blood Transfusion Service Neuchâtel-Jura; SRC; Neuchâtel Switzerland
| | | | - Jutta Thierbach
- Blood Transfusion Service Ostschweiz; SRC; St. Gallen Switzerland
| | - Hein Hustinx
- Interregional Blood Transfusion; SRC, Ltd.; Bern Switzerland
| | - Beat M. Frey
- Blood Transfusion Service Zürich; SRC; Schlieren Switzerland
| | - Christoph Gassner
- Blood Transfusion Service Zürich; Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Research (MOC); Swiss Red Cross (SRC); Zürich Schlieren Switzerland
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27
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Ba A, Bagayoko S, Chiaroni J, Baiily P, Silvy M. Genotyping of 28 blood group alleles in blood donors from Mali: Prediction of rare phenotypes. Transfus Apher Sci 2016; 54:289-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2015.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
The clinical importance of blood group antigens relates to their ability to evoke immune antibodies that are capable of causing hemolysis. The most important antigens for safe transfusion are ABO and D (Rh), and typing for these antigens is routinely performed for patients awaiting transfusion, prenatal patients, and blood donors. Typing for other blood group antigens, typically of the Kell, Duffy, Kidd, and MNS blood groups, is sometimes necessary, for patients who have, or are likely to develop antibodies to these antigens. The most commonly used typing method is serological typing, based on hemagglutination reactions against specific antisera. This method is generally reliable and practical for routine use, but it has certain drawbacks. In recent years, molecular typing has emerged as an alternative or supplemental typing method. It is based on detecting the polymorphisms and mutations that control the expression of blood group antigens, and using this information to predict the probable antigen type. Molecular typing methods are useful when traditional serological typing methods cannot be used, as when a patient has been transfused and the sample is contaminated with red blood cells from the transfused blood component. Moreover, molecular typing methods can precisely identify clinically significant variant antigens that cannot be distinguished by serological typing; this capability has been exploited for the resolution of typing discrepancies and shows promise for the improved transfusion management of patients with sickle cell anemia. Despite its advantages, molecular typing has certain limitations, and it should be used in conjunction with serological methods.
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29
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Flegel WA, Gottschall JL, Denomme GA. Implementing mass-scale red cell genotyping at a blood center. Transfusion 2015; 55:2610-5; quiz 2609. [PMID: 26094790 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When problems with compatibility beyond ABO and D arise, currently transfusion services search their inventories and perform time-consuming serologic testing to locate antigen-negative blood. These clinically important blood group antigens can be detected reliably by red cell genotyping, which is a technology whereby DNA-based techniques are used to evaluate gene polymorphisms that determine the expression of blood group antigens. We introduced mass-scale genotyping and measured availability of genotyped blood. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS All non-Caucasian donors qualified for genotyping along with donors who had a history of repeat donation. Mass-scale red cell genotyping, performed on an electronic interfaced open array platform, was implemented to screen blood donors for 32 single-nucleotide polymorphisms that predicted 42 blood group antigens. Genotype screening results were confirmed by phenotyping, when needed for antigen-negative transfusion, before release of the red blood cell (RBC) unit. RESULTS Approximately 22,000 donors were red cell genotyped within 4 months and a total of 43,066 donors in 4 years. There were 463 discordances (0.52% of 89,596 genotypes with a phenotype). Among the 307 resolved discordances, approximate equal numbers represented historical serologic or genotyping discrepancies (n = 151 and n = 156, respectively). In the final year of the study, a mean of 29% of the daily inventory had a genotype. CONCLUSIONS Red cell genotyping of blood donors using an electronic interface created a large and stable supply of RBC units with historical genotypes. The database served the needs of antigen-negative blood requests for a large regional blood center and allowed us to abandon screening by serology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willy A Flegel
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jerome L Gottschall
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin.,Diagnostic Laboratories, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Gregory A Denomme
- Diagnostic Laboratories, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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30
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Neurodegeneration in the elderly – When the blood type matters: An overview of the McLeod syndrome with focus on hematological features. Transfus Apher Sci 2015; 52:277-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Lopez GH, Morrison J, Condon JA, Wilson B, Martin JR, Liew YW, Flower RL, Hyland CA. Duffy blood group phenotype-genotype correlations using high-resolution melting analysis PCR and microarray reveal complex cases including a new null FY*A allele: the role for sequencing in genotyping algorithms. Vox Sang 2015; 109:296-303. [PMID: 25900316 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Duffy blood group phenotypes can be predicted by genotyping for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) responsible for the Fy(a) /Fy(b) polymorphism, for weak Fy(b) antigen, and for the red cell null Fy(a-b-) phenotype. This study correlates Duffy phenotype predictions with serotyping to assess the most reliable procedure for typing. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples, n = 155 (135 donors and 20 patients), were genotyped by high-resolution melt PCR and by microarray. Samples were in three serology groups: 1) Duffy patterns expected n = 79, 2) weak and equivocal Fy(b) patterns n = 29 and 3) Fy(a-b-) n = 47 (one with anti-Fy3 antibody). RESULTS Discrepancies were observed for five samples. For two, SNP genotyping predicted weak Fy(b) expression discrepant with Fy(b-) (Group 1 and 3). For three, SNP genotyping predicted Fy(a) , discrepant with Fy(a-b-) (Group 3). DNA sequencing identified silencing mutations in these FY*A alleles. One was a novel FY*A 719delG. One, the sample with the anti-Fy3, was homozygous for a 14-bp deletion (FY*01N.02); a true null. CONCLUSION Both the high-resolution melting analysis and SNP microarray assays were concordant and showed genotyping, as well as phenotyping, is essential to ensure 100% accuracy for Duffy blood group assignments. Sequencing is important to resolve phenotype/genotype conflicts which here identified alleles, one novel, that carry silencing mutations. The risk of alloimmunisation may be dependent on this zygosity status.
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Affiliation(s)
- G H Lopez
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - J Morrison
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - J A Condon
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, West Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - B Wilson
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - J R Martin
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - Y-W Liew
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - R L Flower
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - C A Hyland
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
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32
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Peyrard
- Département Centre National de Référence pour les Groupes Sanguins; Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine (INTS); Paris France
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Meyer S, Trost N, Frey BM, Gassner C. Parallel donor genotyping for 46 selected blood group and 4 human platelet antigens using high-throughput MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1310:51-70. [PMID: 26024625 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2690-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Most blood group antigens are defined by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Highly accurate MALDI-TOF MS has proven its potential in SNP genotyping and was therefore chosen for blood donor oriented genotyping with high-throughput capability, e.g., 380 samples per day. The Select Module covers a total of 36 SNPs in two single-tube reactions, representative of 46 blood group and 4 human platelet antigens. Using this tool, confirmatory blood group typing for RhD, RhCE, Kell, Kidd, Duffy, MN, Ss, and selected rare antigens is performed on a routine basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Meyer
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Research (MOC), Swiss Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Rütistrasse 19, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
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