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Parisi F, Fonti N, Millanta F, Freer G, Pistello M, Poli A. Exploring the link between viruses and cancer in companion animals: a comprehensive and comparative analysis. Infect Agent Cancer 2023; 18:40. [PMID: 37386451 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-023-00518-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, it is estimated that 15% of human neoplasms globally are caused by infectious agents, with new evidence emerging continuously. Multiple agents have been implicated in various forms of neoplasia, with viruses as the most frequent. In recent years, investigation on viral mechanisms underlying tumoral transformation in cancer development and progression are in the spotlight, both in human and veterinary oncology. Oncogenic viruses in veterinary medicine are of primary importance not only as original pathogens of pets, but also in the view of pets as models of human malignancies. Hence, this work will provide an overview of the main oncogenic viruses of companion animals, with brief notes of comparative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Parisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Niccolò Fonti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Millanta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Freer
- Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale e delle Nuove Tecnologie in Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Pisa, Via Risorgimento, 36, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mauro Pistello
- Dipartimento di Ricerca Traslazionale e delle Nuove Tecnologie in Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Pisa, Via Risorgimento, 36, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Poli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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2
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Munday JS, Hunt H, Orbell G, Pfeffer H. Detection of a Novel Papillomavirus Type within a Feline Cutaneous Basal Cell Carcinoma. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9120671. [PMID: 36548831 PMCID: PMC9783550 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9120671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A 4 cm diameter exophytic mass was excised from the left flank of a 10-year-old domestic short-haired cat. Histology of the superficial aspects of the mass revealed epidermal cells arranged in nests and trabeculae while the deeper parts of the mass consisted of small round cells arranged in sheets or bundles of elongate spindle-shaped cells. A diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) was made. Approximately 40% of the cells throughout the neoplasm contained prominent papillomaviral (PV)-induced cell changes. The BCC recurred three months after excision and grew rapidly. At this time a smaller mass was observed on the thorax. Due to the rapid recurrence of the BCC, the cat was euthanatized. As in the initial mass, histology of the recurrent mass revealed pleomorphic cells that often contained PV-induced cell changes. In contrast, the thoracic mass appeared as a more typical BCC and contained no histological evidence of PV infection. A novel PV DNA sequence was amplified from the flank BCC. While the sequence was most (75.1%) similar to Felis catus papillomavirus (FcaPV) 6, the level of similarity between the sequences is consistent with a novel PV type. No PV DNA was amplifiable from the thoracic mass. The case is unique due to the histological features of the BCC and the presence of a putative novel PV type. Observations from the present case add to the number of PV types associated with disease in cats as well as increasing the spectrum of PV-induced lesions in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S. Munday
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +64-6-356-9099; Fax: +64-6-350-5714
| | - Hayley Hunt
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Geoff Orbell
- Gribbles Veterinary Pathology Ltd., Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
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3
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Munday JS, Knight CG, Luff JA. Papillomaviral skin diseases of humans, dogs, cats and horses: A comparative review. Part 2: Pre-neoplastic and neoplastic diseases. Vet J 2022; 288:105898. [PMID: 36152994 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2022.105898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Papillomaviruses (PVs) are well recognized to cause pre-neoplastic and neoplastic diseases in humans. Similarly, there is increasing evidence that PVs play a significant role in the development of pre-neoplastic and neoplastic diseases of the haired skin of dogs and cats, and the mucosa of horses. As the mechanisms by which PVs cause neoplasia are well studied in humans, it is valuable to compare the PV-induced neoplasms of humans with similar PV-associated neoplasms in the companion animal species. In the second part of this comparative review, the pre-neoplastic and neoplastic diseases thought to be caused by PVs in humans, dogs, cats, and horses are described. This includes PV-induced cutaneous plaques, cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and mucosal SCCs within the four species. The review concludes with a discussion about the potential use of vaccines to prevent PV-induced diseases of dogs, cats, and horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Munday
- Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Cameron G Knight
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Luff
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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Shokrpoor S, Rahmati Holasoo H, Soroori S, Marandi A, Imantalab B. Basal cell carcinoma in an albino pindani (Chindongo socolofi) and a cobalt-zebra (Maylandia callainos): Diagnostic imaging, clinical and histopathological study. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:1251-1258. [PMID: 35633276 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A female albino pindani (Chindongo socolofi) and female cobalt-zebra (Maylandia callainos) were referred to the Ornamental Fish Clinic with a soft tissue mass on their upper jaw. Also, during clinical examination, an unencapsulated intraoral soft tissue mass was observed in the cobalt-zebra cichlid. Digital radiography showed soft tissue masses and osteolytic lesions. Computed tomography (CT) imaging confirmed that osteolytic lesions occurred in skull bones of cobalt-zebra. Also, soft tissue mass invaded to the intraoral space. Histopathologically, a non-encapsulated, multilobulated and densely cellular neoplastic mass was identified. Extensive infiltration of neoplastic cells to the dermis and subcutaneous tissue was observed in both cases. The masses were composed of multiple coalescing nests, sheets, lobules and trabeculae of neoplastic cells within a fibrovascular stroma. The palisading basaloid neoplastic cells were markedly extended from the basal cells of the epidermis into the dermis and subcutis. The majority of the neoplastic cells had scant amounts of eosinophilic cytoplasm with indistinct margins, round to ovoid nuclei and typically a single small basophilic nucleolus. There was invasion of basaloid neoplastic cells into the bone tissue that caused osteolytic lesions. Mitotic figures were three to seven per high-power field. Epidermal basement membrane was periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) positive and neoplastic cell extension into the dermis was identified by the PAS staining. Fibrovascular stroma of the mass was also stained blue with Masson's trichrome. Based on histopathological and histochemical findings, the masses were diagnosed as infiltrative type of basal cell carcinoma (BCC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shokrpoor
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hooman Rahmati Holasoo
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Centre of Excellence for Warm Water Fish Health and Disease, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sarang Soroori
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Marandi
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Imantalab
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
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Rolph KE, Cavanaugh RP. Infectious Causes of Neoplasia in the Domestic Cat. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9090467. [PMID: 36136683 PMCID: PMC9506438 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9090467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Increasingly, cancers are being linked to infections with viruses, bacteria, and parasites in human medicine. This review summarises the current literature regarding neoplasia occurring in association with infectious diseases in domestic cats. To date, most studies have focused on the role of viruses, especially feline leukaemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus in association with lymphoma, or the role of papillomavirus in cutaneous and oral neoplasms in cats. Recently, there has been a focus on a potential role of mouse mammary tumour virus in feline mammary carcinoma and lymphoma and studies assessing the potential role of gammaherpes virus and hepadnaviruses in feline neoplasia. Additionally, there has been some focus on potential bacterial and parasitic associations with neoplasia; including reports assessing potential associations between Helicobacter species and gastrointestinal neoplasms, and case reports of neoplasia in association with Platynosomum fastosum and Opisthorchis viverrini. Abstract In recent years, growing attention has been paid to the influence/role of infectious diseases in tumour development and progression. Investigations have demonstrated that some infectious organisms can have a direct role in the development of neoplasia, whereas others can predispose to neoplasia by alterations in the immune response, or by creating a pro-inflammatory environment. Feline leukaemia virus was one of the first infectious agents recognised as an oncogenic organism, and along with feline immunodeficiency virus has received the most attention. Since the discovery of this retrovirus, several other organisms have been associated with neoplastic processes in cats, these include gammaherpes virus, mouse mammary tumour virus, papillomaviruses, hepadnavirus, Helicobacter species, and the parasitic infections Platynosomum fastosum and Opisthorchis viverrini. This review summarises the findings to date.
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Papillomaviruses in Domestic Cats. Viruses 2021; 13:v13081664. [PMID: 34452528 PMCID: PMC8402708 DOI: 10.3390/v13081664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillomaviruses (PVs) are well established to cause hyperplastic papillomas (warts) in humans and animals. In addition, due to their ability to alter cell regulation, PVs are also recognized to cause approximately 5% of human cancers and these viruses have been associated with neoplasia in a number of animal species. In contrast to other domestic species, cats have traditionally been thought to less frequently develop disease due to PV infection. However, in the last 15 years, the number of viruses and the different lesions associated with PVs in cats have greatly expanded. In this review, the PV life cycle and the subsequent immune response is briefly discussed along with methods used to investigate a PV etiology of a lesion. The seven PV types that are currently known to infect cats are reviewed. The lesions that have been associated with PV infections in cats are then discussed and the review finishes with a brief discussion on the use of vaccines to prevent PV-induced disease in domestic cats.
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7
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Moyer A, Vinayak A, Heo J, Moller C, Ehrhart EJ. Metastatic basal cell carcinoma in a cat with brief review of the human and veterinary literature. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Moyer
- Surgical Oncology, VCA West Coast Specialty and Emergency Animal Hospital Fountain Valley California United States of America
| | - Arathi Vinayak
- Surgical Oncology, VCA West Coast Specialty and Emergency Animal Hospital Fountain Valley California United States of America
| | - Jin Heo
- Diagnostic Imaging, VCA West Coast Specialty and Emergency Animal Hospital Fountain Valley California United States of America
| | - Cheryl Moller
- Clinical Pathology Antech Diagnostics Inc. Fountain Valley California United States of America
| | - E. J. Ehrhart
- Ethos Diagnostic Science San Diego California United States of America
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Quan Z, Zhang BB, Yin F, Du J, Zhi YT, Xu J, Song N. DDX5 Silencing Suppresses the Migration of Basal cell Carcinoma Cells by Downregulating JAK2/STAT3 Pathway. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 18:1533033819892258. [PMID: 31870221 PMCID: PMC6931141 DOI: 10.1177/1533033819892258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma is driven by the aberrant activation of hedgehog signaling. DEAD
(Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box protein 5 is frequently overexpressed in human cancer cells and
associated with the tumor growth and invasion. The purpose of this study was to
investigate the role of DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box protein 5 in the growth, migration, and
invasion of basal cell carcinoma. The role of DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box protein 5 was
detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and terminal
deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling assay in
basal cell carcinoma cells. The associations between JAK2/STAT3 pathway and DEAD
(Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box protein 5 were analyzed in basal cell carcinoma cells. Results
showed that DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box protein 5 is overexpressed in basal cell carcinoma
cells. DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box protein 5 knockdown inhibited the migration and invasion
of basal cell carcinoma cells. DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box protein 5 knockdown increased
the apoptosis of basal cell carcinoma cells induced by tunicamycin. Results found that
DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box protein 5 knockdown increased JAK2 and STAT3 expression in
basal cell carcinoma cells. JAK2 inhibitor decreased STAT3 expression and abolished the
inhibitory effects of DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box protein 5 silencing on migration and
invasion in basal cell carcinoma cells. In conclusion, these results indicate that DEAD
(Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box protein 5 is a potential target for inhibiting basal cell carcinoma
cells growth, migration, and invasion by downregulating JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Quan
- Department of Dematology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei-Bei Zhang
- Department of Dematology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Yin
- Department of Dematology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiru Du
- Department of Dematology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Ting Zhi
- Department of Dematology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Dematology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningjing Song
- Department of Dematology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Munday JS, Sharp CR, Beatty JA. Novel viruses: Update on the significance of papillomavirus infections in cats. J Feline Med Surg 2019; 21:409-418. [PMID: 30477386 PMCID: PMC10814418 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x18808105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PRACTICAL RELEVANCE Prior to 1990 papillomaviruses (PVs) were not recognised to infect or cause disease in domestic cats. Since this time, the use of histology, immunohistochemistry and, more recently, molecular techniques has revealed that PVs almost certainly cause feline viral plaques and Bowenoid in situ carcinomas, oral papillomas and feline sarcoids. In addition, there is increasing evidence that PVs play a significant role in the development of feline cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas, one of the most common skin cancers of cats. Recent studies have also revealed that most cats are asymptomatically infected with PVs. This raises a critical question that is currently unanswered: why do only a small proportion of infected cats develop disease? In the future it may be possible to prevent PV-induced diseases by using a vaccine to prevent PV infection. Alternatively, novel therapies may be developed that prevent PVs from causing clinical disease by stimulating the host immune response. CLINICAL CHALLENGES A recognition of the skin diseases caused by PVs is important to more accurately predict disease progression. Unfortunately, there are currently no non-surgical treatments that have been proven to be beneficial in cats and clinical management of PV-induced skin disease in cats can be challenging. GLOBAL IMPORTANCE PVs have a worldwide distribution and negatively impact feline health and welfare globally. AUDIENCE This review is aimed at clinicians, especially those who regularly treat cats with skin disease. The review will also be useful to oncologists and researchers who have an interest in how cancer develops in cats. EVIDENCE BASE In producing this update the authors have drawn on recently published peer-reviewed literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Munday
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4410 New Zealand
| | - Claire R Sharp
- College of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Australia
| | - Julia A Beatty
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, NSW 2006, Australia
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Oh YI, Cheon DS, Lee JK, Choi MH, Hwang SY, Kim HW, Kang BJ, Youn HY. Detection of Felis catus papillomavirus type 2 within multicentric basosquamous carcinoma in a domestic cat. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1445-1449. [PMID: 29998924 PMCID: PMC6160893 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A 12-year-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat was presented with a 3-year history of multiple nonpruritic, ulcerated, plaque-like skin lesions but no other clinical signs. A systemic examination revealed mild lymphadenopathy. Histopathologic analysis of the skin lesions revealed multicentric basosquamous carcinoma (BSC). Immunohistochemical analysis, PCR, and sequencing detected Felis catus papillomavirus type 2 (FcaPV-2) within the tumors. As BSC is rare in cats, clinical behavior has not been established. To our knowledge, this is the first case report to demonstrate detection of FcaPV-2 within a BSC in a domestic cat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-In Oh
- Haemaru Referral Animal Hospital, Seongnam-si 13590, Republic of Korea.,Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jung-Keun Lee
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, U.S.A.,IDEXX Laboratories, Westbrook ME 04092, U.S.A
| | - Mi-Hyun Choi
- Haemaru Referral Animal Hospital, Seongnam-si 13590, Republic of Korea.,Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Hwang
- Haemaru Referral Animal Hospital, Seongnam-si 13590, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Wook Kim
- Haemaru Referral Animal Hospital, Seongnam-si 13590, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Jae Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Youn
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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11
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Mazzei M, Forzan M, Carlucci V, Anfossi AG, Alberti A, Albanese F, Binanti D, Millanta F, Baroncini L, Pirone A, Abramo F. A study of multiple Felis catus papillomavirus types (1, 2, 3, 4) in cat skin lesions in Italy by quantitative PCR. J Feline Med Surg 2018; 20:772-779. [PMID: 28948904 PMCID: PMC11104150 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x17732255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the study was to investigate, by quantitative PCR (qPCR), the presence of papillomavirus in feline viral plaques (VPs), Bowenoid in situ carcinoma (BISC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and actinic keratosis (AK). Methods Twenty-nine cases with previously established diagnoses of feline VPs, BISC, invasive SCC and AK were selected from a dermatopathological database. A critical re-evaluation of diagnosis was performed by defining clear criteria toward carcinomatous vs non-carcinomatous, in situ vs invasive (if carcinomatous) and viral vs actinic. Cases were evaluated for p16 immunolocalisation. The presence of the target viral genes for Felis catus papillomavirus (FcaPV)-1, FcaPV-2, FcaPV-3 and FcaPV-4 was determined by qPCR. The data generated ΔΔCq values, which represent a normalised measure of DNA viral quantity. Samples with a positive ΔΔCq value were submitted to sequence analysis. Results Four VPs, 19 BISCs, four SCCs and one case of AK were included. By ΔΔCq analysis we found that all VPs were positive for FcaPV-1 or FcaPV-2; eight BISCs were positive for FcaPV-1, FcaPV-2 and FcaPV-4. FcaPV-2 was the most prevalent among the group of VPs and BISCs. Conclusions and relevance Using the ΔΔCq method we report the first evidence of FcaPV-1, FcaPV-2 and FcaPV-4 in Italy. FcaPV-2 was the most frequently detected; to a lesser extent, FcaPV-1 and FcaPV-4 were detected in the examined samples. FcaPV-3 was never associated with viral-induced lesions by ΔΔCq investigation. Compared with conventional PCR the ΔΔCq method has the advantage of establishing a possible role of the virus in the outcome of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Mazzei
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mario Forzan
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vito Carlucci
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonio G Anfossi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alberto Alberti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Diana Binanti
- Private Veterinary Laboratory ‘AbLab’, Sarzana, Italy
| | | | - Lisa Baroncini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Pirone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Abramo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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12
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Munday JS, Thomson NA, Henderson G, Fairley R, Orbell GM. Identification of Felis catus papillomavirus 3 in skin neoplasms from four cats. J Vet Diagn Invest 2017; 30:324-328. [PMID: 29284382 DOI: 10.1177/1040638717750852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bowenoid in situ carcinomas (BISCs) are papillomavirus (PV)-induced skin neoplasms that are thought to be caused by Felis catus papillomavirus (FcaPV) 2. As BISCs are typically multiple and can become extensive, they can be difficult to treat. Herein we describe 4 cats that developed skin neoplasms that contained FcaPV-3 DNA. One cat developed multiple basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), 1 a BISC with unusual extension into hair follicles, and 2 developed a single typical-appearing BISC. All neoplasms contained prominent PV-induced cell changes and intense p16CDKN2a protein immunostaining. Results from these 4 cats provide evidence that FcaPV-3 could cause a proportion of feline skin cancers, albeit less frequently than FcaPV-2. Excision of the typical BISCs and the BCCs appeared curative. Although the cat with the unusual BISC was euthanized because of the large size of the lesion, evidence from these 4 cats suggests that skin neoplasms that contain FcaPV-3 DNA may have a less aggressive clinical behavior than those associated with FcaPV-2. A consistent feature of the neoplasms in all 4 cats was the presence of prominent basophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies; these inclusions have not been reported in lesions caused by FcaPV-2, to our knowledge, and their detection may allow differentiation between the different PV types and could therefore be a useful prognostic feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Munday
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand (Munday, Thomson).,The Gardens Veterinary Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand (Henderson).,Gribbles Veterinary Pathology, Christchurch, New Zealand (Fairley).,New Zealand Veterinary Pathology, Palmerston North, New Zealand (Orbell)
| | - Neroli A Thomson
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand (Munday, Thomson).,The Gardens Veterinary Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand (Henderson).,Gribbles Veterinary Pathology, Christchurch, New Zealand (Fairley).,New Zealand Veterinary Pathology, Palmerston North, New Zealand (Orbell)
| | - Gidget Henderson
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand (Munday, Thomson).,The Gardens Veterinary Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand (Henderson).,Gribbles Veterinary Pathology, Christchurch, New Zealand (Fairley).,New Zealand Veterinary Pathology, Palmerston North, New Zealand (Orbell)
| | - Rob Fairley
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand (Munday, Thomson).,The Gardens Veterinary Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand (Henderson).,Gribbles Veterinary Pathology, Christchurch, New Zealand (Fairley).,New Zealand Veterinary Pathology, Palmerston North, New Zealand (Orbell)
| | - Geoff M Orbell
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand (Munday, Thomson).,The Gardens Veterinary Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand (Henderson).,Gribbles Veterinary Pathology, Christchurch, New Zealand (Fairley).,New Zealand Veterinary Pathology, Palmerston North, New Zealand (Orbell)
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13
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Munday JS, Thomson NA, Luff JA. Papillomaviruses in dogs and cats. Vet J 2017; 225:23-31. [PMID: 28720294 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Papillomaviruses (PVs) cause disease in both dogs and cats. In dogs, PVs are thought to cause oral papillomatosis, cutaneous papillomas and canine viral pigmented plaques, whereas PVs have been rarely associated with the development of oral and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas in this species. In cats, PVs are currently thought to cause oral papillomas, feline viral plaques, Bowenoid in situ carcinomas and feline sarcoids. Furthermore, there is increasing evidence that PVs may also be a cause of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas and basal cell carcinomas in cats. These diseases are discussed in this review. Additionally, there is a brief overview of PV biology, including how these viruses cause disease. Diagnostic techniques and possible methods to prevent PV infection are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Munday
- Pathobiology, Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Neroli A Thomson
- Pathobiology, Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer A Luff
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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