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Segarra S, Bošnjak I, Mioč I, Čurčija B, Csik VA, Krešić S, Romero-Rueda J, Rodríguez A, Martínez-Puig D. Yeast-Derived Nucleotides Enhance Fibroblast Migration and Proliferation and Provide Clinical Benefits in Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2890. [PMID: 38474135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Nucleotides, glycosaminoglycans, and omega-3 essential fatty acids (O3s) could be used for improving skin health, although their modes of action, alone or in combination, are not yet fully understood. To gain some insight into these mechanisms, we performed two in vitro tests and one in vivo pilot trial. The effects on human dermal fibroblast proliferation and migration were evaluated with the following compounds and combinations: 0.156 mg/mL O3s, 0.0017 mg/mL hyaluronic acid (HA), 0.0004 mg/mL dermatan sulfate (DS), 0.0818 mg/mL nucleotides, and [O3s + HA + DS] and [O3s + HA + DS + nucleotides] at the same concentrations. In both in vitro assays, adding nucleotides to [O3s + HA + DS] provided significant improvements. The resulting combination [O3s + HA + DS + nucleotides] was then tested in vivo in dogs with atopic dermatitis by oral administration of a supplement providing a daily amount of 40 mg/kg nucleotides, 0.9 mg/kg HA, 0.18 mg/kg DS, 53.4 mg/kg EPA, and 7.6 mg/kg DHA. After 30 days, the pruritus visual analog scale (pVAS) score was significantly reduced, and no adverse effects were observed. In conclusion, the combination of nucleotides plus glycosaminoglycans and O3s could serve as a useful therapeutic alternative in skin health applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Segarra
- R&D Bioiberica S.A.U., Av. dels Països Catalans, 34, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Ivica Bošnjak
- Veterinarska Ambulanta Bošnjak & Mioč doo, Dinka Šimunovića 2A, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Igor Mioč
- Veterinarska Ambulanta Bošnjak & Mioč doo, Dinka Šimunovića 2A, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Bojana Čurčija
- Veterinarska Ambulanta Luna doo, Trg Matije Gupca 48, 42000 Varaždin, Croatia
| | | | - Srećko Krešić
- Veterinarska Ambulanta RiVet doo, Istarska 15, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Jessica Romero-Rueda
- Health & Biomedicine Department, LEITAT Technological Center, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Rodríguez
- Health & Biomedicine Department, LEITAT Technological Center, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Martínez-Puig
- R&D Bioiberica S.A.U., Av. dels Països Catalans, 34, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
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Fernandes B, Alves S, Schmidt V, Bizarro AF, Pinto M, Pereira H, Marto J, Lourenço AM. Primary Prevention of Canine Atopic Dermatitis: Breaking the Cycle-A Narrative Review. Vet Sci 2023; 10:659. [PMID: 37999481 PMCID: PMC10674681 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10110659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a common and distressing skin condition in dogs, affecting up to 30% of the canine population. It not only impacts their quality of life but also that of their owners. Like human atopic dermatitis (hAD), cAD has a complex pathogenesis, including genetic and environmental factors. Current treatments focus on managing clinical signs, but they can be costly and have limitations. This article emphasizes the importance of preventing cAD from developing in the first place. Understanding the role of the skin's protective barrier is crucial, as its dysfunction plays a vital role in both hAD and cAD. hAD prevention studies have shown promising results in enhancing the skin barrier, but more research is needed to support more robust conclusions. While hAD primary prevention is currently a focal point of intensive investigation in human medicine, research on cAD primary prevention remains under-researched and almost non-existent. Pioneering effective prevention strategies for cAD holds immense potential to enhance the quality of life for both dogs and their owners. Additionally, it bears the promise of a translational impact on human research. Hence, further exploration of this crucial topic is not only relevant but also timely and imperative, warranting support and encouragement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Fernandes
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Institute for Medicine (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Alves
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Schmidt
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, UK
| | - Ana Filipa Bizarro
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Institute for Medicine (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marta Pinto
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Institute for Medicine (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hugo Pereira
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Marto
- Research Institute for Medicine (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Mafalda Lourenço
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
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Segarra S, Sanmiguel D, Zuriaga E, Leclerc S, Cabañas J, Seigneuric E, Miquel A, Vázquez A, Ferrer L. Sphingomyelin-Rich Lipid Extract Collar for Canine Atopic Dermatitis. Vet Sci 2023; 10:389. [PMID: 37368775 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10060389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The management of canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is complex, and it needs to be multimodal, combining topical and systemic therapies. Given that the currently available options are not always totally effective and might have some associated adverse effects, novel alternatives are needed. For this reason, a new collar for CAD was developed with 2.5% of a sphingomyelin-rich lipid extract (LE) with proven benefits for skin health. The release of the active ingredient when incorporated into the collar was tested in vitro, showing an adequate kinetic profile. Then, the efficacy and safety of the collar were assessed in 12 client-owned dogs with CAD in a pilot study. After eight weeks, the dogs experienced significant clinical improvements on the Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index (CADESI)-4, Pruritus Index for Canine Atopic Dermatitis (PCAD) and Pruritus Visual Analogue Scale (PVAS) scores, without any adverse effects. Additionally, further in vitro studies were performed, indicating that this LE collar should be compatible with antiparasitic collars (with deltamethrin or imidacloprid/flumethrin) if worn simultaneously. Given the observed benefits of this LE collar, combining it with other CAD therapies could potentially allow for drug sparing, reduction in adverse effects, enhanced owner compliance, and reduced treatment costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Segarra
- R&D Bioiberica S.A.U., Avinguda dels Països Catalans, 34, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - David Sanmiguel
- Clínica Veterinaria Wecan De Carreres, Avinguda Mutxamel, 1, Local 2, 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - Eliseo Zuriaga
- Hospital Veterinario Global, Carrer Laminacio, 18, 46520 Port de Sagunt, Spain
| | | | - Jesús Cabañas
- R&D Bioiberica S.A.U., Avinguda dels Països Catalans, 34, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana Vázquez
- Servei d'Estadística Aplicada, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, C5b/111, Edifici C, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Lluís Ferrer
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, S/N, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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Skin Barrier Reinforcement Effect Assessment of a Spot-on Based on Natural Ingredients in a Dog Model of Tape Stripping. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9080390. [PMID: 36006305 PMCID: PMC9414208 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9080390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Canine atopic dermatitis is a disease of dogs in which the skin becomes permeable. Part of treating canine atopic dermatitis involves restoring the skin barrier function; however, few effective therapeutic options exist. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of a spot-on containing fatty acids, ceramides and essential oils on two parameters to evaluate the skin barrier function of dogs. We found that this spot-on had a protective effect on the skin barrier function for both parameters. This study suggests that the investigated product may be useful as an adjunctive treatment for canine atopic dermatitis. Abstract Skin barrier restoration is an important part of atopic dermatitis therapy. We investigated the effect of a spot-on containing plant-based essential fatty acids and essential oils on skin barrier parameters in a dog model of acute skin barrier disruption, using five healthy beagle dogs maintained in a laboratory setting. Four test sites on the dorsum and a control site on the abdomen were defined on each dog. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin surface hydration (SSH) were measured before and after tape stripping on the first day and then for three consecutive days, over four consecutive weeks. The spot-on was applied at the end of each of the first three weeks. The increase in TEWL after tape stripping was reduced after the spot-on application and reached control values in Weeks 3 and 4. SSH after tape stripping was reduced in Week 4 compared with the baseline. Thus, the ATOP 7® spot-on significantly reduced acute skin barrier impairment in a dog model. The use of this product should be further evaluated as a potential treatment for skin barrier defects such as canine atopic dermatitis.
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Segarra S, Naiken T, Garnier J, Hamon V, Coussay N, Bernard FX. Enhanced In Vitro Expression of Filaggrin and Antimicrobial Peptides Following Application of Glycosaminoglycans and a Sphingomyelin-Rich Lipid Extract. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9070323. [PMID: 35878340 PMCID: PMC9316723 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9070323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Filaggrin is an epidermal protein involved in skin barrier formation and hydration, whose expression is altered in canine atopic dermatitis (CAD). CAD patients also present an abnormal immune response with an altered expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), such as β-defensins and cathelicidins. Sphingolipids and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been reported to improve the skin barrier in several animal species, including dogs. Our objective was to evaluate the in vitro effects of a sphingomyelin-rich lipid extract (LE), a hyaluronic acid-rich GAG matrix, and their combination, on the expression of filaggrin and human β-defensin 2 (hBD-2). Filaggrin expression was quantified in a reconstructed human epidermis (RHE), and hBD-2 in normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK) cultures. LE and GAGs were tested at 0.02 mg/mL, with or without adding a cytokine mix. A significant increase in mean hBD-2, compared to the control (99 pg/mL) was achieved with LE (138 pg/mL) and LE+GAGs (165 pg/mL). Filaggrin increased with GAGs (202% ± 83) and LE (193% ± 44) vs. the stimulated control, but this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05) only with LE+GAGs (210% ± 39). In conclusion, the tested GAGs and LE enhance filaggrin and AMP expression in vitro, which might benefit CAD patients if applied in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Segarra
- R&D Bioiberica S.A.U., 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-934904908
| | - Tanesha Naiken
- Bioalternatives, 86160 Gençay, France; (T.N.); (J.G.); (V.H.); (N.C.); (F.-X.B.)
| | - Julien Garnier
- Bioalternatives, 86160 Gençay, France; (T.N.); (J.G.); (V.H.); (N.C.); (F.-X.B.)
| | - Valérie Hamon
- Bioalternatives, 86160 Gençay, France; (T.N.); (J.G.); (V.H.); (N.C.); (F.-X.B.)
| | - Nathalie Coussay
- Bioalternatives, 86160 Gençay, France; (T.N.); (J.G.); (V.H.); (N.C.); (F.-X.B.)
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