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Pumphrey SA, Harman CD, Anderson AL, Sweigart B, Komáromy AM. Relative ability of aqueous humor from dogs with and without primary angle-closure glaucoma and ADAMTS10 open-angle glaucoma to catalyze or inhibit collagenolysis. Vet Ophthalmol 2024; 27:238-247. [PMID: 37658474 PMCID: PMC10904665 DOI: 10.1111/vop.13143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to compare the ability of aqueous humor (AH) from dogs with primary angle-closure glaucoma (CPACG), companion dogs without overt evidence of CPACG, and Beagles with and without ADAMTS10 open-angle glaucoma (ADAMTS10-OAG) to catalyze or inhibit collagenolysis. ANIMALS STUDIED Seventeen normal pet dogs, 27 dogs with CPACG, 19 Beagles with ADAMTS10-OAG, and 4 unaffected Beagles. PROCEDURES A fluorescein-based substrate degradation assay was used to assess AH proteolytic capacity. Samples were then assayed using the same substrate degradation assay, with recombinant activated matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) added to measure protease inhibition effects. RESULTS For the protease activity assay, relative fluorescence (RF) for AH from normal pet dogs was 13.28 ± 2.25% of control collagenase while RF for AH from dogs with CPACG was 17.47 ± 4.67%; RF was 8.57 ± 1.72% for ADAMTS10-OAG Beagles and 7.99 ± 1.15% for unaffected Beagles. For the MMP-2 inhibition assay, RF for AH from normal dogs was 34.96 ± 15.04% compared to MMP-2 controls, while RF from dogs with CPACG was 16.69 ± 7.95%; RF was 85.85 ± 13.23% for Beagles with ADAMTS10-OAG and 94.51 ± 8.36% for unaffected Beagles. Significant differences were found between dogs with CPACG and both normal pet dogs and dogs with ADAMTS10-OAG and between normal pet dogs and both groups of Beagles. CONCLUSIONS AH from dogs with CPACG is significantly more able to catalyze proteolysis and inhibit MMP-2 than AH from normal dogs or dogs with ADAMTS10-OAG. Results suggest that pathogenesis may differ between CPACG and ADAMTS10-OAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A. Pumphrey
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, North Grafton, MA, USA
| | - Christine D. Harman
- Michigan State University Veterinary Medical Center, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Amanda L. Anderson
- Michigan State University Veterinary Medical Center, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Benjamin Sweigart
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Research Design (BERD) Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - András M. Komáromy
- Michigan State University Veterinary Medical Center, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Gilger BC. How study of naturally occurring ocular disease in animals improves ocular health globally. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2022; 260:1887-1893. [PMID: 36198052 DOI: 10.2460/javma.22.08.0383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this article, which is part of the Currents in One Health series, the role of naturally occurring ocular disease in animals is reviewed with emphasis on how the understanding of these ocular diseases contributes to one health initiatives, particularly the pathogenesis and treatment of ocular diseases common to animals and humans. Animals spontaneously develop ocular diseases that closely mimic those in humans, especially dry eye disease, herpes virus infection (cats), fungal keratitis (horses), bacterial keratoconjunctivitis, uveitis, and glaucoma. Both uveitis and glaucoma are common in domestic animals and humans, and many similarities exist in pathogenesis, genetics, and response to therapy. Furthermore, the study of inherited retinal disease in animals has particularly epitomized the one health concept, specifically the collaborative efforts of multiple disciplines working to attain optimal health for people and animals. Through this study of retinal disease in dogs, innovative therapies such as gene therapy have been developed. A unique opportunity exists to study ocular disease in shared environments to better understand the interplay between the environment, genetics, and ocular disease in both animals and humans. The companion Currents in One Health by Gilger, AJVR, December 2022, addresses in more detail recent studies of noninfectious immune-mediated animal ocular disease and their role in advancing ocular health globally.
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Gomes FE, Casanova MI, Mouttham L, Bannasch DL, Park S, Kim S, Young LJ, Daley NL, Thomasy SM, Castelhano MG, Ledbetter EC, Holmberg B, Boyd R, Van Der Woerdt A, McDonald J, Hayward JJ. A genome-wide association study to investigate genetic loci associated with primary glaucoma in American Cocker Spaniels. Am J Vet Res 2022; 83:1-8. [PMID: 36170212 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.22.07.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify genetic associations with primary glaucoma (PG) in American Cocker Spaniels using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). ANIMALS A nationwide ambidirectional case-control cohort study was performed in American Cocker Spaniels that had an ophthalmic examination performed by a veterinarian. Ninety-four dogs with PG (cases) and 111 dogs without glaucoma (controls) met phenotypic criteria and had a blood sample collected after receiving informed owner consent. PROCEDURES Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood samples and genotyped (CanineHD BeadChip, Illumina Inc). A case-control GWAS using a linear mixed model was performed, and 3 significance thresholds were calculated (1) using a Bonferroni correction on all single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) included in the GWAS, (2) using a Bonferroni correction on only the unlinked SNPs from a pruned data set, and (3) using 10,000 random phenotype permutations. RESULTS Following genotype data quality control, 89 cases and 93 controls were included in the GWAS. We identified an association on canine chromosome (CFA10); however, it did not reach statistical significance. Potential candidate genes within the surrounding linkage disequilibrium interval include coiled-coil domain containing 85A (CCDC85A) and extracellular growth factor containing fibulin extracellular matrix protein 1 (EFEMP1). CLINICAL RELEVANCE Primary glaucoma in the American Cocker Spaniel is a complex heterogeneous disease that may be influenced by a locus on CFA10. The candidate genes CCDC85A and EFEMP1 within the identified linkage disequilibrium interval have been shown to be involved in human open-angle glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Espinheira Gomes
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.,Small Animal Specialist Hospital, North Ryde, Australia
| | - Maria Isabel Casanova
- Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Lara Mouttham
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.,Cornell Veterinary Biobank, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Danika L Bannasch
- Department of Population Health & Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Sangwan Park
- Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Soohyun Kim
- Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Laura J Young
- Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Nicole L Daley
- Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Sara M Thomasy
- Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA.,Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Marta G Castelhano
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.,Cornell Veterinary Biobank, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Eric C Ledbetter
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | | | - Ryan Boyd
- South Texas Veterinary Ophthalmology, San Antonio, TX
| | | | | | - Jessica J Hayward
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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Pumphrey SA, Zitek-Morrison E, Pizzirani S, Meola DM. Evaluation of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in aqueous humor of dogs with versus without naturally occurring primary angle-closure glaucoma. Am J Vet Res 2021; 83:245-255. [PMID: 34936570 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.21.04.0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare concentrations of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in aqueous humor from ophthalmologically normal dogs and dogs with naturally occurring primary angle-closure glaucoma (cPACG). SAMPLE Aqueous humor samples from 12 eyes with cPACG and 18 ophthalmologically normal eyes of dogs. PROCEDURES A multiplex fluorescence-based ELISA was used to measure concentrations of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-13, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and TIMP-4. Results for eyes with versus without cPACG were compared. RESULTS Significantly higher mean concentrations of MMP-1 (45% higher), MMP-2 (55% higher), MMP-3 (39% higher), MMP-8 (79% higher), MMP-9 (29% higher), MMP-10 (60% higher), TIMP-1 (63% higher), and TIMP-2 (136% higher) were detected in aqueous humor from eyes with cPACG, compared with ophthalmologically normal eyes. CLINICAL RELEVANCE MMPs and TIMPs have pivotal roles in extracellular matrix turnover and homeostasis in the outflow pathways of the eye. Results of the present study documented higher concentrations of MMPs and TIMPs in aqueous humor samples from dog eyes with late-stage cPACG. Although, to our knowledge, TIMPs have not previously been evaluated in the context of cPACG, the markedly higher concentration of TIMPs in eyes with cPACG suggested that inhibition of proteolysis and extracellular matrix turnover might be a factor in the development of glaucoma in susceptible individuals. However, because the present study used samples from dogs with late-stage cPACG, further work is required to characterize the temporal relationship between MMP and TIMP concentration changes and onset or progression of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Pumphrey
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA
| | - Emily Zitek-Morrison
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, UMass Chan Medical School, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA
| | - Stefano Pizzirani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA
| | - Dawn M Meola
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA
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Komáromy AM, Koehl KL, Park SA. Looking into the future: Gene and cell therapies for glaucoma. Vet Ophthalmol 2021; 24 Suppl 1:16-33. [PMID: 33411993 PMCID: PMC7979454 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a complex group of optic neuropathies that affects both humans and animals. Intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation is a major risk factor that results in the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons. Currently, lowering IOP by medical and surgical methods is the only approved treatment for primary glaucoma, but there is no cure, and vision loss often progresses despite therapy. Recent technologic advances provide us with a better understanding of disease mechanisms and risk factors; this will permit earlier diagnosis of glaucoma and initiation of therapy sooner and more effectively. Gene and cell therapies are well suited to target these mechanisms specifically with the potential to achieve a lasting therapeutic effect. Much progress has been made in laboratory settings to develop these novel therapies for the eye. Gene and cell therapies have already been translated into clinical application for some inherited retinal dystrophies and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Except for the intravitreal application of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) by encapsulated cell technology for RGC neuroprotection, there has been no other clinical translation of gene and cell therapies for glaucoma so far. Possible application of gene and cell therapies consists of long-term IOP control via increased aqueous humor drainage, including inhibition of fibrosis following filtration surgery, RGC neuroprotection and neuroregeneration, modification of ocular biomechanics for improved IOP tolerance, and inhibition of inflammation and neovascularization to prevent the development of some forms of secondary glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- András M. Komáromy
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Kristin L. Koehl
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Shin Ae Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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