1
|
Murgiano L, Banjeree E, O'Connor C, Miyadera K, Werner P, Niggel JK, Aguirre GD, Casal ML. A naturally occurring canine model of syndromic congenital microphthalmia. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2024; 14:jkae067. [PMID: 38682429 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkae067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
In humans, the prevalence of congenital microphthalmia is estimated to be 0.2-3.0 for every 10,000 individuals, with nonocular involvement reported in ∼80% of cases. Inherited eye diseases have been widely and descriptively characterized in dogs, and canine models of ocular diseases have played an essential role in unraveling the pathophysiology and development of new therapies. A naturally occurring canine model of a syndromic disorder characterized by microphthalmia was discovered in the Portuguese water dog. As nonocular findings included tooth enamel malformations, stunted growth, anemia, and thrombocytopenia, we hence termed this disorder Canine Congenital Microphthalmos with Hematopoietic Defects. Genome-wide association study and homozygosity mapping detected a 2 Mb candidate region on canine chromosome 4. Whole-genome sequencing and mapping against the Canfam4 reference revealed a Short interspersed element insertion in exon 2 of the DNAJC1 gene (g.74,274,883ins[T70]TGCTGCTTGGATT). Subsequent real-time PCR-based mass genotyping of a larger Portuguese water dog population found that the homozygous mutant genotype was perfectly associated with the Canine Congenital Microphthalmos with Hematopoietic Defects phenotype. Biallelic variants in DNAJC21 are mostly found to be associated with bone marrow failure syndrome type 3, with a phenotype that has a certain degree of overlap with Fanconi anemia, dyskeratosis congenita, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, and reports of individuals showing thrombocytopenia, microdontia, and microphthalmia. We, therefore, propose Canine Congenital Microphthalmos with Hematopoietic Defects as a naturally occurring model for DNAJC21-associated syndromes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Murgiano
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Sylvia M. Van Sloun Laboratory for Canine Genomic Analysis, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Esha Banjeree
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Cynthia O'Connor
- Section of Medical Genetics, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- East Bridgewater Veterinary Hospitla, East Bridgewater, MA 02333, USA
| | - Keiko Miyadera
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Petra Werner
- Section of Medical Genetics, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Genetic Diagnostic Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jessica K Niggel
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Sylvia M. Van Sloun Laboratory for Canine Genomic Analysis, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gustavo D Aguirre
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Sylvia M. Van Sloun Laboratory for Canine Genomic Analysis, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Margret L Casal
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Section of Medical Genetics, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Barsotti G, Abramo F, Nuti M, Novelli A, Puccinelli C, Cecchi F. Multiple congenital ocular anomalies in three related litters of Jack Russell Terrier puppies. Vet Ophthalmol 2024. [PMID: 38700994 DOI: 10.1111/vop.13221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe multiple congenital ocular anomalies in three litters of Jack Russell Terrier puppies. ANIMALS STUDIED Seven purebred Jack Russell Terrier puppies from three related litters and their four parents. PROCEDURES Medical records of the puppies and their parents were evaluated. All dogs underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, followed by bilateral ocular ultrasonography in two of the puppies with complete corneal opacity. One eye from an affected puppy was subjected to histopathology. A complete database of pedigrees was built, and individual inbreeding was evaluated. RESULTS The most commonly diagnosed ocular anomalies in the puppies were: various anomalies of the fundus (12/14 eyes); microphthalmia (10/14 eyes); sclerocornea (8/14 eyes); and persistent pupillary membranes (7/14 eyes). Six out of seven puppies had at least two ocular abnormalities, and only one puppy was normal. Four out of seven puppies had sclerocornea, a particular corneal opacity to date described only in Spanish Podenco dogs. No ocular abnormalities were found in the parents examined (4/4). Analysis of the pedigrees showed that all the puppies and two parents were inbred, and the individual values of the inbreeding puppies were greater than 6.25% in two litters. CONCLUSIONS Inbreeding with closely related Jack Russell Terriers may result in severe congenital eye abnormalities in puppies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Barsotti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Abramo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Nuti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - A Novelli
- San Concordio Veterinary Hospital, Lucca, Italy
| | - C Puccinelli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Cecchi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schippers PA, Walter H, Michaely LM, Gerhauser I, Raue J, Merhof K, Busse C. [Macrophthalmos mimics microphthalmos in an 8-month-old Great Swiss Mountain Dog]. TIERARZTLICHE PRAXIS. AUSGABE K, KLEINTIERE/HEIMTIERE 2023; 51:131-135. [PMID: 37230118 DOI: 10.1055/a-2031-2489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An 8-month-old Great Swiss Mountain dog was presented with a suspected right-sided microphthalmos, malformed and blind globe which was present since birth. On magnetic resonance imaging an ellipsoid macrophthalmos with absence of the normal retrobulbar tissue was detected. Histology revealed a dysplastic uvea with unilateral cyst formation associated with mild lymphohistiocytic inflammation. The ciliary body covered the posterior side of the lens unilaterally and showed focal metaplastic bone formation. Slight cataract formation as well as diffuse panretinal atrophy and intravitreal retinal detachment was evident. Preoperative diagnostic imaging procedure is recommended in eyes that clinically demonstrate as microphthalmos and are planned to be enucleated. As described in this case report the bulbus may be macrophthalmic which potentially complicates the enucleation. The performance of such a procedure at a site with ophthalmologic and soft tissue expertise is advisable. To the authors' knowledge this is the first report of a macrophthalmos with multiple ocular defects in a dog.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Andrea Schippers
- Abteilung für Ophthalmologie, Klinik für Kleintiere, Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
| | - Hanna Walter
- Abteilung für Ophthalmologie, Klinik für Kleintiere, Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
| | | | - Ingo Gerhauser
- Institut für Pathologie, Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
| | - Jonathan Raue
- Abteilung für Bildgebende Diagnostik, Klinik für Kleintiere, Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
| | - Kristina Merhof
- Abteilung für Bildgebende Diagnostik, Klinik für Kleintiere, Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
| | - Claudia Busse
- Abteilung für Ophthalmologie, Klinik für Kleintiere, Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Borriello G, Valentini F, Rampinelli M, Ferrini S, Cagnotti G, D’angelo A, Bellino C. Ocular Ultrasonography in Healthy Calves with Different Transducers. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040742. [PMID: 36830528 PMCID: PMC9952285 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocular ultrasonography is seldom performed in cattle. Here, we compared three ultrasound probes (linear, convex, transrectal gynecological) for the measurement of eight eye biometry parameters on vertical and horizontal scans. The sample population was 20 healthy calves (n = 10 Holstein, n = 10 Piedmontese breed). Intragroup (same probe for vertical vs. horizontal scanning) and intergroup (different probes measuring the same biometric parameter) comparisons were performed using Student's t-test and the Mann-Whitney U test. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Intragroup comparison revealed few significant differences. Ultrasound examination with the convex transducer detected more differences than either of the two other probes on vertical (linear six out of eight; transrectal gynecological four out of eight) and horizontal (linear six out of eight; transrectal gynecological six out of eight) scans. Similar results were obtained for both breeds. More non-valuable parameters on the horizontal (77 out of 320, 24%) and the vertical (85 out of 320, 26%) (p ≤ 0.001) scans were obtained with the convex transducer. Both linear transducers were found comparable for ocular ultrasonography in field conditions. However, given its widespread application in the field, the transrectal gynecological transducer may offer veterinarians the added advantage of familiarity and ease-of-use without any additional costs.
Collapse
|
5
|
Park J, Kang S, Lee E, Seo K. Prevalence of feline ophthalmic disorders in South Korea: a retrospective study (2009-2021). J Feline Med Surg 2023; 25:1098612X231151478. [PMID: 36779421 PMCID: PMC10812074 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x231151478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical presentation of ocular diseases in cats in South Korea. METHODS Medical records of cats that were presented for ophthalmology services at Seoul National University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital between 2009 and 2021 were reviewed. Collected data included patient signalment, clinical signs, diagnosed ophthalmic disorders and affected eyes. Odds ratios were calculated when a variable was over-represented. RESULTS This study recorded a total of 358 eyes (180 cats). Domestic shorthair (DSH) was the most common breed (42.2%), followed by Persian (13.9%) and Scottish Fold (8.3%); 14 (35.6%) other breeds were recorded. The median age at the first presentation was 3 years (range 2 months to 17 years); the highest percentage of cats presented at <1 year (21.7%). The most affected ocular structure was the cornea (28.5%), followed by the lens (19.9%) and uvea (15.3%). The most frequently reported disorders were corneal ulceration (13.2%), uveitis (11.9%), incipient cataract (11.0%), keratitis (5.4%), secondary glaucoma (5.2%) and sequestrum (4.2%). The Exotic Shorthair breed was significantly over-represented with regard to entropion and periorbital fat prolapse (P <0.01). The DSH breed was significantly over-represented with regard to eyelid agenesis (P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study provides prevalence information for feline ophthalmic diseases and could contribute important data for diagnosing, treating and preventing feline ophthalmic diseases in South Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jisoo Park
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seonmi Kang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunji Lee
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kangmoon Seo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bott MMP, Chahory S. Epidemiology and clinical presentation of feline presumed hereditary or breed-related ocular diseases in France: retrospective study of 129 cats. J Feline Med Surg 2022; 24:1274-1282. [PMID: 35257624 PMCID: PMC10812340 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x221080598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to describe the epidemiology and clinical presentation of presumed hereditary or presumed breed-related ocular diseases in a population of cats in France. METHODS Medical records from between September 2013 and August 2017 were reviewed to identify cats with at least one presumed hereditary or breed-related ocular disease. Cats with concurrent, or a history of, ocular or systemic infectious diseases were excluded. Signalment, history and clinical findings were recorded. RESULTS Of the 1161 cats that presented to our institution during the study period, 129 were diagnosed with at least one presumed hereditary or presumed breed-related ocular disease (11.1%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 9.3-12.9). Five ocular abnormalities had a prevalence of >1%: entropion, corneal sequestration, persistent pupillary membrane, cataract and retinal dysplasia. The prevalence of entropion was 2.2% (95% CI 1.3-3.0), with Persians (P = 0.03), Maine Coons (P <0.01) and male cats (P <0.01) being over-represented. The prevalence of corneal sequestration was 2.4% (95% CI 1.5-3.3), with Persians (P <0.01) and Exotic Shorthairs (P = 0.02) being over-represented. Persistent pupillary membranes and cataracts had the same prevalence of 2.3% (95% CI 1.5-3.2), with no particular sex or breed significantly over-represented. Retinal dysplasia had a prevalence of 1.6% (95% CI 0.8-2.3) and Persian cats were over-represented (P = 0.04). Anterior segment dysgenesis had a low prevalence (0.9%, 95% CI 0.4-1.5), with all affected cats being domestic shorthairs and this breed therefore was over-represented (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In a French population of cats, presumed hereditary or breed-related ocular diseases accounted for 11.1% of all ocular diseases. Cataracts, corneal sequestration, persistent pupillary membrane, entropion and retinal dysplasia were the most common conditions. Statistical breed over-representation was observed for entropion, corneal sequestration and retinal dysplasia. We recommend that more systematic screening of feline species is conducted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu MP Bott
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, CHUV-AC, Ophthalmology Unit, Maisons-Alfort F-94700, France
| | - Sabine Chahory
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, CHUV-AC, Ophthalmology Unit, Maisons-Alfort F-94700, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cathelin A, Augsburger AS, Anne J, Medan S, Michel J, Isard PF, Douet JY, Dulaurent T. Ocular dermoids in 13 cats: a multicentre retrospective study. J Feline Med Surg 2022; 24:745-753. [PMID: 34519242 PMCID: PMC10812258 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x211043819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this multicentre retrospective study was to review the clinical data, outcomes and histopathological features of cats that had been treated for ocular surface dermoids. METHODS Thirteen cats from various private practices in France with a clinical diagnosis of ocular surface dermoid were included in the study. RESULTS The mean age of the study population at the time of diagnosis was 5 months. There were nine males and four females. Three different breeds were domestic shorthair (n = 7), Birman (n = 4) and Havana Brown (n = 2). Two of the four Birmans were related (same sire). The two Havana Browns were also related (same sire). All of the dermoids were unilateral. Five of the dermoids were strictly conjunctival. Four affected both the conjunctiva and the cornea. Three affected both the conjunctiva and the eyelid, and one was strictly corneal. They were located in various positions: temporal (n = 9), inferonasal (n = 1), dorsonasal (n = 1) and dorsotemporal (n = 1). The last dermoid was heterogeneous and involved the nasal, dorsal and temporal quadrants. Concurrent eye diseases were observed in five patients: four cats exhibited associated eyelid agenesis and one cat exhibited persistent iris-to-iris pupillary membranes. Ten dermoids were surgically excised with no recurrences. Surgery was not performed for three cats: one cat died a few days after diagnosis and two cats were lost to follow-up after initial presentation. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Ocular surface dermoids are a rare condition in cats that can be treated successfully by surgical excision. Although our study reports only a small number of cases, the observation of ocular surface dermoids in two related cats in two different breeds indicates that genetic transmission is likely.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sylvain Medan
- Pôle Santé Chanturgue Clinique Vétérinaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | - Jean-Yves Douet
- Small Animal Clinic, Université de Toulouse, ENVT, Toulouse, France
- IHAP, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas Dulaurent
- Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Saint Martin, Saint Martin Bellevue, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cho J. Ocular Ultrasound Abnormalities and Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter in Dogs and Cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2021; 51:1295-1314. [PMID: 34535331 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Indications for, technique, and findings for normal and abnormal ocular ultrasound are discussed, with specific sonographic findings, images, differential diagnoses, and other considerations. Because the eye is a fluid-filled structure, ultrasound can be used as a screening test when pathology prevents direct examination. Structural abnormalities, such as lens luxation, retinal detachments, and intraocular and orbital masses, also may be defined better using point-of-care ultrasound. Details on additional ophthalmic diagnostics, treatment, and prognosis are not covered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane Cho
- Veterinary Eye Specialists PLLC, 620 Commerce Street, Thornwood, NY 10594, USA. https://www.vesny.com
| |
Collapse
|