1
|
Kuramitsu M, Momose H, Uchida Y, Ishitsuka K, Kubota R, Tokunaga M, Utsunomiya A, Umekita K, Hashikura Y, Nosaka K, Koh KR, Nakamura H, Sagara Y, Sobata R, Satake M, Nagata K, Hasegawa Y, Sasaki D, Hasegawa H, Sato T, Yamano Y, Hiraga K, Tezuka K, Ikebe E, Matsuoka S, Okuma K, Watanabe T, Miura K, Hamaguchi I. Performance evaluation of Espline HTLV-I/II, a newly developed rapid immunochromatographic antibody test for different diagnostic situations. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0207823. [PMID: 37966220 PMCID: PMC10715220 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02078-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The World Health Organization estimated that 5-10 million people are infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). This number is likely to be underestimated because reliable endemic data are available for only approximately 1.5 billion people worldwide. The point-of-care test is a powerful tool for the easy and quick detection of infections without the requirement for expensive instruments and laboratory equipment. Espline HTLV-I/II, a newly developed rapid immunochromatographic antibody test that was evaluated in this study, might significantly advance our understanding of the global epidemiology of HTLV-1 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madoka Kuramitsu
- Research Center for Biological Products in the Next Generation, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruka Momose
- Research Center for Biological Products in the Next Generation, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Uchida
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishitsuka
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kubota
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masahito Tokunaga
- Department of Hematology, Imamura General Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Atae Utsunomiya
- Department of Hematology, Imamura General Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Umekita
- Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, Infectious Diseases and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yuuki Hashikura
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Kisato Nosaka
- Cancer Center, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ki-Ryang Koh
- Department of Hematology, Osaka General Hospital of West Japan Railway Company, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hitomi Nakamura
- Japanese Red Cross Kyushu Block Blood Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuko Sagara
- Japanese Red Cross Kyushu Block Blood Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Rieko Sobata
- Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Satake
- Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koh Nagata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuri Hasegawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sasaki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroo Hasegawa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoo Sato
- Department of Neurology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Rare Diseases Research, Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Yamano
- Department of Neurology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Rare Diseases Research, Institute of Medical Science, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kou Hiraga
- Research Center for Biological Products in the Next Generation, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Tezuka
- Research Center for Biological Products in the Next Generation, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emi Ikebe
- Research Center for Biological Products in the Next Generation, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sahoko Matsuoka
- Research Center for Biological Products in the Next Generation, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazu Okuma
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiki Watanabe
- Laboratory of Practical Management of Medical Information, Graduate School of Medicine, St. Marianna University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kiyonori Miura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Isao Hamaguchi
- Research Center for Biological Products in the Next Generation, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Subaru Health Insurance Society Ota Memorial Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guiraud V, Crémoux F, Leroy I, Cohier J, Hernandez P, Mansaly S, Gautheret-Dejean A. Comparison of two new HTLV-I/II screening methods, Abbott Alinity i rHTLV-I/II and Diasorin LIAISON® XL murex recHTLV-I/II, to Abbott architect rHTLVI/II assay. J Clin Virol 2023; 164:105446. [PMID: 37148674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2023.105446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnosis of Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) types I and II infection requires sequencial testing with firstly a screening using an Enzyme immunoassay followed by a confirmatory test. OBJECTIVES To compare the performances of the Alinity i rHTLV-I/II (Abbott®) and LIAISON® XL murex recHTLV-I/II serological screening tests to the ARCHITECT rHTLVI/II test followed if positive by HTLV BLOT 2.4, MP Diagnostics as the reference. STUDY DESIGN 119 serum samples from 92 known HTLV-I infected patients and 184 from uninfected patients with HTLV were analyzed in parallel with, Alinity i rHTLV-I/II, LIAISON® XL murex recHTLV-I/II and ARCHITECT rHTLVI/II. RESULTS Alinity i rHTLV-I/II and LIAISON® XL murex recHTLV-I/II exhibited a total agreement with ARCHITECT rHTLVI/II for both positive and negative samples. Both tests are suitable alternatives for HTLV screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Guiraud
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Service de Virologie, F-75013 Paris, France.
| | - Florian Crémoux
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Service de Virologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Leroy
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Service de Virologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Julien Cohier
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Service de Virologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Hernandez
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Service de Virologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Safietou Mansaly
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Service de Virologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Agnès Gautheret-Dejean
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Service de Virologie, F-75013 Paris, France; Université Paris cité, INSERM UMR-S 1139 Physiopathologie et pharmacotoxicologie placentaire humaine, microbiote pré & post-natal, F-75006 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
HTLV-1 infection of donor-derived T cells might promote acute graft-versus-host disease following liver transplantation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7368. [PMID: 36450748 PMCID: PMC9712688 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35111-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) is a rare, but severe complication of liver transplantation (LT). It is caused by the activation of donor immune cells in the graft against the host shortly after transplantation, but the contributing pathogenic factors remain unclear. Here we show that human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-1) infection of donor T cells is highly associated with aGVHD following LT. The presence of HTLV-1 in peripheral blood and tissue samples from a discovery cohort of 7 aGVHD patients and 17 control patients is assessed with hybridization probes (TargetSeq), mass cytometry (CyTOF), and multiplex immunohistology (IMC). All 7 of our aGVHD patients display detectable HTLV-1 Tax signals by IMC. We identify donor-derived cells based on a Y chromosome-specific genetic marker, EIF1AY. Thus, we confirm the presence of CD4+Tax+EIF1AY+ T cells and Tax+CD68+EIF1AY+ antigen-presenting cells, indicating HTLV-1 infection of donor immune cells. In an independent cohort of 400 patients, we verify that HTLV-1 prevalence correlates with aGVHD incidence, while none of the control viruses shows significant associations. Our findings thus provide new insights into the aetio-pathology of liver-transplantation-associated aGVHD and raise the possibility of preventing aGVHD prior to transplantation.
Collapse
|
4
|
Pise-Masison CA, Franchini G. Hijacking Host Immunity by the Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type-1: Implications for Therapeutic and Preventive Vaccines. Viruses 2022; 14:2084. [PMID: 36298639 PMCID: PMC9609126 DOI: 10.3390/v14102084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell Leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and other inflammatory diseases. High viral DNA burden (VL) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is a documented risk factor for ATLL and HAM/TSP, and patients with HAM/TSP have a higher VL in cerebrospinal fluid than in peripheral blood. VL alone is not sufficient to differentiate symptomatic patients from healthy carriers, suggesting the importance of other factors, including host immune response. HTLV-1 infection is life-long; CD4+-infected cells are not eradicated by the immune response because HTLV-1 inhibits the function of dendritic cells, monocytes, Natural Killer cells, and adaptive cytotoxic CD8+ responses. Although the majority of infected CD4+ T-cells adopt a resting phenotype, antigen stimulation may result in bursts of viral expression. The antigen-dependent "on-off" viral expression creates "conditional latency" that when combined with ineffective host responses precludes virus eradication. Epidemiological and clinical data suggest that the continuous attempt of the host immunity to eliminate infected cells results in chronic immune activation that can be further exacerbated by co-morbidities, resulting in the development of severe disease. We review cell and animal model studies that uncovered mechanisms used by HTLV-1 to usurp and/or counteract host immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia A. Pise-Masison
- Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccines Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Frutos MC, Blanco S, Balangero M, Carrizo LH, Santos Rocha A, Figueiredo Barbosa-Stancioli E, Nates S, Gallego S. Seronegative human T-cell lymphotropic virus 1 carriers in blood banks: A potential viral source for silent transmission? Vox Sang 2022; 117:1090-1097. [PMID: 35768998 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Transfusion-transmitted viruses count among the greatest threats to blood safety. In Argentina, current laws oblige testing all donated blood for the presence of antibodies against human T-cell lymphotropic viruses 1 and 2 (HTLV-1/2). In endemic zones of the country, a high rate of seronegative HTLV-1 individuals with clear evidence of infection because of symptoms and/or presence of tax sequences of HTLV-1 and/or IgG anti-Tax antibodies has been recently described. Migration from endemic to nonendemic zones of Argentina is very frequent. MATERIALS AND METHODS During a 1-year period, in the blood bank of Córdoba city, we performed molecular screening of all donors who were born in or arose from endemic zones for HTLV-1/2 in Argentina and neighbouring countries. RESULTS By screening 219 bp of HTLV-1/2 tax gene, 0.6% (2/317) of the blood donors proved to be positive for HTLV-1 tax sequence. One of the donors presented anti-Tax antibodies, demonstrating the transcriptional activity of the tax gene, and the other donor was also positive for LTR and pol gene sequences. The HTLV-1 genetic analysis of the LTR sequence determined that it belonged to the Cosmopolitan subtype HTLV-1aA. CONCLUSION These findings suggest potential limitations of some currently approved screening assays for HTLV-1 detection applied in some donor populations and the possibility of an HTLV-1 seronegative carrier state with the potential for silent transmission by blood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María C Frutos
- Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas - Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Blanco
- Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas - Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Fundación Banco Central de Sangre, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marcos Balangero
- Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas - Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Anderson Santos Rocha
- Laboratório de Virología Básica e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Interdisciplinary HTLV Research Group, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Edel Figueiredo Barbosa-Stancioli
- Laboratório de Virología Básica e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Interdisciplinary HTLV Research Group, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Silvia Nates
- Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas - Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sandra Gallego
- Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas - Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Fundación Banco Central de Sangre, Córdoba, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stufano A, Jahantigh HR, Cagnazzo F, Centrone F, Loconsole D, Chironna M, Lovreglio P. Work-Related Human T-lymphotropic Virus 1 and 2 (HTLV-1/2) Infection: A Systematic Review. Viruses 2021; 13:1753. [PMID: 34578335 PMCID: PMC8472817 DOI: 10.3390/v13091753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 and 2 (HTLV-1/2) belong to the delta group of retroviruses which may cause a life-long infection in humans, HTLV-1 leading to adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and other diseases. Different transmission modes have been described, such as breastfeeding, and, as for other blood-borne pathogens, unsafe sexual activity, intravenous drug usage, and blood transfusion and transplantation. The present systematic review was conducted to identify all peer-reviewed studies concerning the work-related infection by HTLV-1/2. A literature search was conducted from January to May 2021, according to the PRISMA methodology, selecting 29 studies: seven related to health care workers (HCWs), five to non-HCWs, and 17 to sex workers (SWs). The findings showed no clear evidence as to the possibility of HTLV-1/2 occupational transmission in HCWs, according to the limited number and quality of the papers. Moreover, non-HCWs showed a higher prevalence in jobs consistent with a lower socioeconomic status or that could represent a familial cluster, and an increased risk of zoonotic transmission from STLV-1-infected non-human primates has been observed in African hunters. Finally, a general increase of HTLV-1 infection was observed in SWs, whereas only one paper described an increased prevalence for HTLV-2, supporting the urgent need for prevention and control measures, including screening, diagnosis, and treatment of HTLV-1/2, to be offered routinely as part of a comprehensive approach to decrease the impact of sexually transmitted diseases in SWs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Stufano
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (H.R.J.); (F.C.); (P.L.)
| | - Hamid Reza Jahantigh
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (H.R.J.); (F.C.); (P.L.)
| | - Francesco Cagnazzo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (H.R.J.); (F.C.); (P.L.)
| | - Francesca Centrone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology-Hygiene Section, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.C.); (D.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Daniela Loconsole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology-Hygiene Section, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.C.); (D.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Maria Chironna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology-Hygiene Section, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.C.); (D.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Piero Lovreglio
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine-Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (H.R.J.); (F.C.); (P.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ahmadi Ghezeldasht S, Shamsian SAA, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Miri R, Ashrafi F, Mosavat A, Rezaee SA. HTLV-1 oncovirus-host interactions: From entry to the manifestation of associated diseases. Rev Med Virol 2021; 31:e2235. [PMID: 33742509 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Human T lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is a well-known human oncovirus, associated with two life-threatening diseases, adult T cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). The study of this oncogenic virus is significant from two different aspects. First, HTLV-1 can be considered as a neglected public health problem, which may spread slowly worldwide. Second, the incidence of HTLV-1 associated diseases due to oncogenic effects and deterioration of the immune system towards autoimmune diseases are not fully understood. Furthermore, knowledge about viral routes of transmission is important for considering potential interventions, treatments or vaccines in endemic regions. In this review, novel characteristics of HTLV-1, such as the unusual infectivity of virions through the virological synapse, are discussed in the context of the HTLV-1 associated diseases (ATL and HAM/TSP).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Ahmadi Ghezeldasht
- Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Akbar Shamsian
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Blood Borne Infections Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Raheleh Miri
- Blood Borne Infections Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Ashrafi
- Department of Animal Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arman Mosavat
- Blood Borne Infections Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee
- Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rocamonde B, Carcone A, Mahieux R, Dutartre H. HTLV-1 infection of myeloid cells: from transmission to immune alterations. Retrovirology 2019; 16:45. [PMID: 31870397 PMCID: PMC6929313 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-019-0506-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and the demyelinating neuroinflammatory disease known as HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP), was the first human retrovirus to be discovered. T-cells, which represent the main reservoir for HTLV-1, have been the main focus of studies aimed at understanding viral transmission and disease progression. However, other cell types such as myeloid cells are also target of HTLV-1 infection and display functional alterations as a consequence. In this work, we review the current investigations that shed light on infection, transmission and functional alterations subsequent to HTLV-1 infection of the different myeloid cells types, and we highlight the lack of knowledge in this regard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Rocamonde
- International Center for Research in Infectiology, Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, INSERM U1111 - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, Lyon, France
- Equipe labelisée par la Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Labex Ecofect, Lyon, France
| | - Auriane Carcone
- International Center for Research in Infectiology, Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, INSERM U1111 - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, Lyon, France
- Equipe labelisée par la Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Labex Ecofect, Lyon, France
| | - Renaud Mahieux
- International Center for Research in Infectiology, Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, INSERM U1111 - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, Lyon, France
- Equipe labelisée par la Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Labex Ecofect, Lyon, France
| | - Hélène Dutartre
- International Center for Research in Infectiology, Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, INSERM U1111 - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, Lyon, France.
- Equipe labelisée par la Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Labex Ecofect, Lyon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vermeulen M, van den Berg K, Sykes W, Reddy R, Ingram C, Poole C, Custer B. Health economic implications of testing blood donors in South Africa for HTLV 1 & 2 infection. Vox Sang 2019; 114:467-477. [PMID: 31131453 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Currently, HTLV screening is not performed in South Africa (SA). This report describes an economic assessment (budget impact and cost-effectiveness) of implementing different HTLV screening strategies. METHODS A modified version of the Alliance of Blood Operators risk-based decision-making framework was used to assess the risk and consequences of HTLV in the blood supply in SA. We developed a deterministic model of the cost and consequences of four screening strategies: none, universal, all donors once and first time donors only assuming a transfusion-transmission (TT) efficiency of 10% and a manifestation of clinical disease of 6%. RESULTS Unscreened blood results in 3·55 symptomatic TT-HTLV cases and a total healthcare cost of Rand (R)3 446 950 (US Dollars (USD)229 800) annually. Universal screening would cost R24 000 000 (USD1 600 000) per annum and prevent 3·54 (99·8%) symptomatic TT-HTLV cases in the first year and 0·55 (98·4%) symptomatic TT-HTLV cases in the second year at a cost per TT-HTLV prevented of R6 780 000 (USD450 000) in year one and R43 254 000 (USD2 890 000) in year two. Screening all donors once would cost R16,200,000 (USD1 080 000) or R4 600 000 (USD306 000) per symptomatic TT-HTLV infection prevented in year one. Total costs decrease to R5 100 000 (USD340 000) in year 2 but the cost per TT-HTLV prevented increases to R10 700 000 (USD713 333). CONCLUSION This analysis contributed to the decision not to implement HTLV screening as the healthcare budget and particularly the budget for blood transfusion in SA is insufficient to provide appropriate treatment. Arguably, available resources can be more efficiently utilized in other healthcare programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Vermeulen
- South African National Blood Service, Weltevreden Park, South Africa
| | | | - Wendy Sykes
- South African National Blood Service, Weltevreden Park, South Africa
| | - Ravi Reddy
- South African National Blood Service, Weltevreden Park, South Africa
| | | | - Colwyn Poole
- South African National Blood Service, Weltevreden Park, South Africa
| | - Brian Custer
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
O'Brien SF, Yi QL, Goldman M, Grégoire Y, Delage G. Human T-cell lymphotropic virus: A simulation model to estimate residual risk with universal leucoreduction and testing strategies in Canada. Vox Sang 2018; 113:750-759. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheila F. O'Brien
- Canadian Blood Services; Ottawa ON Canada
- School of Epidemiology & Public Health; University of Ottawa; Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Qi-Long Yi
- Canadian Blood Services; Ottawa ON Canada
- School of Epidemiology & Public Health; University of Ottawa; Ottawa ON Canada
| | - Mindy Goldman
- Canadian Blood Services; Ottawa ON Canada
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine; University of Ottawa; Ottawa ON Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Sawamura Y, Ohto H, Ikeda K, Kanno T, Suzuki Y, Gonda K, Tasaki T, Nollet KE, Takahashi H, Aota S. Impact of prestorage leucoreduction of autologous whole blood on length of hospital stay with a subgroup analysis in bilateral hip arthroplasty. Vox Sang 2018; 113:584-593. [PMID: 29923207 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although prestorage leucoreduction (LR) of blood components for transfusion has gained favour around the world, evidence of its beneficial clinical effects is ambiguous. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS To reveal whether leucocytes and/or platelets in transfused blood are related to transfusion-related adverse effects, a prospective randomized crossover study was performed on patients who donated autologous blood prior to elective surgery. Among 1487 primary enrolees, a total of 192 patients undergoing two-stage, bilateral total hip arthroplasty were randomized to receive autologous blood that was either prestorage leucoreduced, or not, for the first procedure. For the second procedure, each patient was crossed over to receive alternatively processed autologous blood. Length of hospital stay served as a primary end-point, with perioperative infectious/thrombotic complications, pre- and postoperative laboratory values, and body temperature serving as secondary endpoints. RESULTS No significant differences emerged between prestorage LR and non-LR cohorts in length of hospital stay, as well as perioperative infectious/thrombotic complications, postoperative body temperature and duration of fever. Postoperative laboratory values including white blood cell counts and C-reactive protein levels had no significant differences. CONCLUSION This study could not prove any superiority of prestorage LR over non-LR for autologous whole blood among patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Sawamura
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
- Japanese Red Cross Miyagi Blood Center, Sendai, Japan
| | - H Ohto
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - K Ikeda
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - T Kanno
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
- Japanese Red Cross Fukushima Blood Center, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Y Suzuki
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - K Gonda
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - T Tasaki
- Department of Blood transfusion, Jikei University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K E Nollet
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - H Takahashi
- National Institute of Public Health, Saitama, Japan
| | - S Aota
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Futsch N, Mahieux R, Dutartre H. HTLV-1, the Other Pathogenic Yet Neglected Human Retrovirus: From Transmission to Therapeutic Treatment. Viruses 2017; 10:v10010001. [PMID: 29267225 PMCID: PMC5795414 DOI: 10.3390/v10010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Going back to their discovery in the early 1980s, both the Human T-cell Leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1 (HIV-1) greatly fascinated the virology scene, not only because they were the first human retroviruses discovered, but also because they were associated with fatal diseases in the human population. In almost four decades of scientific research, both viruses have had different fates, HTLV-1 being often upstaged by HIV-1. However, although being very close in terms of genome organization, cellular tropism, and viral replication, HIV-1 and HTLV-1 are not completely commutable in terms of treatment, especially because of the opposite fate of the cells they infect: death versus immortalization, respectively. Nowadays, the antiretroviral therapies developed to treat HIV-1 infected individuals and to limit HIV-1 spread among the human population have a poor or no effect on HTLV-1 infected individuals, and thus, do not prevent the development of HTLV-1-associated diseases, which still lack highly efficient treatments. The present review mainly focuses on the course of HTLV-1 infection, from the initial infection of the host to diseases development and associated treatments, but also investigates HIV-1/HTLV-1 co-infection events and their impact on diseases development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Futsch
- International Center for Research in Infectiology, Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, INSERM U1111-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France.
- Equipe labellisée "Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer", France.
| | - Renaud Mahieux
- International Center for Research in Infectiology, Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, INSERM U1111-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France.
- Equipe labellisée "Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer", France.
| | - Hélène Dutartre
- International Center for Research in Infectiology, Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, INSERM U1111-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France.
- Equipe labellisée "Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer", France.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Styles CE, Seed CR, Hoad VC, Gaudieri S, Keller AJ. Reconsideration of blood donation testing strategy for human T-cell lymphotropic virus in Australia. Vox Sang 2017; 112:723-732. [PMID: 28960337 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Universal testing of blood donations for human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) in Australia may no longer be appropriate given the low prevalence of HTLV infection and the mitigating effect of universal leucodepletion for cellular components. This study aimed to determine the most appropriate HTLV testing strategy using the Risk-Based Decision-Making Framework for Blood Safety. MATERIALS AND METHODS The risk of HTLV transfusion-transmission using three testing strategies (universal, new-donor and no testing) and cost-effectiveness of the first two strategies were assessed using adaptations of published mathematical models. RESULTS The overall prevalence for 2004-2014 was three HTLV-positives per million donations. It was estimated that annually, universal testing incurred a cost of approximately AUD $3 million and prevented 83 HTLV-positive cellular components from being issued, and new-donor testing cost approximately $225 000 and prevented 81 components. The number of cases of transfusion-transmitted HTLV and HTLV-associated disease prevented per year by universal and new-donor testing was essentially equivalent. According to preset risk thresholds, the risk of transfusion-transmission was negligible for universal and new-donor testing, and minimal without testing. CONCLUSION Transfusion-transmission of HTLV is a minimal risk in Australia even without testing. However, any revision of testing strategy must consider not only risk and cost-effectiveness, but also stakeholder, ethical and regulatory perspectives. Considering all relevant criteria, new-donor testing is judged the optimal strategy because it is able to achieve almost the same outcomes as universal testing, at a fraction of the cost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C E Styles
- Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Perth, WA, Australia.,University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - C R Seed
- Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - V C Hoad
- Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - S Gaudieri
- University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - A J Keller
- Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Perth, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
: Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection is a neglected disease despite roughly 15 million people are chronically infected worldwide. Lifelong less than 10% of carriers develop life-threatening diseases, mostly a subacute myelopathy known as tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) and a lymphoproliferative disorder named adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). HTLV-1 is efficiently transmitted perinatally (breastfeeding), sexually (more from men to women) and parenterally (transfusions, injection drug user (IDU), and transplants). To date there is neither prophylactic vaccine nor effective antiviral therapy. A total of 327 cases of HTLV-1 infection had been reported at the HTLV-1 Spanish registry until December 2016, of whom 34 had been diagnosed with TSP and 25 with ATL. Overall 62% were Latin American immigrants and 13% were persons of African origin. The incidence of HTLV-1 in Spain has remained stable for nearly a decade with 20-25 new cases yearly. Of the 21 newly diagnosed HTLV-1 cases during year 2016, one was a native Spaniard pregnant woman, and four presented with symptomatic disease, including three with ATL and one with TSP. Underdiagnosis of HTLV-1 in Spain must be high (iceberg model), which may account for the disproportionate high rate of symptomatic cases (almost 20%) and the late recognition of preventable HTLV-1 transmissions in special populations, such as newborns and transplant recipients. Our current estimate is of 10 000 persons living with HTLV-1 infection in Spain. Given the large flux of immigrants and visitors from HTLV-1 endemic regions to Spain, the expansion of HTLV-1 screening policies is warranted. At this time, it seems worth recommending HTLV testing to all donor/recipient organ transplants and pregnant women regardless place of birth. Although current leukoreduction procedures largely prevent HTLV-1 transmission by blood transfusions, HTLV testing of all first-time donors should be cost-effective contributing to unveil asymptomatic unaware HTLV-1 carriers.
Collapse
|
16
|
Proviral Features of Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 in Carriers with Indeterminate Western Blot Analysis Results. J Clin Microbiol 2017; 55:2838-2849. [PMID: 28701419 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00659-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Western blotting (WB) for human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is performed to confirm anti-HTLV-1 antibodies detected at the initial screening of blood donors and in pregnant women. However, the frequent occurrence of indeterminate results is a problem with this test. We therefore assessed the cause of indeterminate WB results by analyzing HTLV-1 provirus genomic sequences. A quantitative PCR assay measuring HTLV-1 provirus in WB-indeterminate samples revealed that the median proviral load was approximately 100-fold lower than that of WB-positive samples (0.01 versus 0.71 copy/100 cells). Phylogenic analysis of the complete HTLV-1 genomes of WB-indeterminate samples did not identify any specific phylogenetic groups. When we analyzed the nucleotide changes in 19 HTLV-1 isolates from WB-indeterminate samples, we identified 135 single nucleotide substitutions, composed of four types, G to A (29%), C to T (19%), T to C (19%), and A to G (16%). In the most frequent G-to-A substitution, 64% occurred at GG dinucleotides, indicating that APOBEC3G is responsible for mutagenesis in WB-indeterminate samples. Moreover, interestingly, five WB-indeterminate isolates had nonsense mutations in Pol and/or Tax, Env, p12, and p30. These findings suggest that WB-indeterminate carriers have low production of viral antigens because of a combination of a low proviral load and mutations in the provirus, which may interfere with host recognition of HTLV-1 antigens.
Collapse
|
17
|
Percher F, Curis C, Pérès E, Artesi M, Rosewick N, Jeannin P, Gessain A, Gout O, Mahieux R, Ceccaldi PE, Van den Broeke A, Duc Dodon M, Afonso PV. HTLV-1-induced leukotriene B4 secretion by T cells promotes T cell recruitment and virus propagation. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15890. [PMID: 28639618 PMCID: PMC5489682 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is efficiently transmitted through cellular contacts. While the molecular mechanisms of viral cell-to-cell propagation have been extensively studied in vitro, those facilitating the encounter between infected and target cells remain unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that HTLV-1-infected CD4 T cells secrete a potent chemoattractant, leukotriene B4 (LTB4). LTB4 secretion is dependent on Tax-induced transactivation of the pla2g4c gene, which encodes the cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma. Inhibition of LTB4 secretion or LTB4 receptor knockdown on target cells reduces T-cell recruitment, cellular contact formation and virus propagation in vitro. Finally, blocking the synthesis of LTB4 in a humanized mouse model of HTLV-1 infection significantly reduces proviral load. This results from a decrease in the number of infected clones while their expansion is not impaired. This study shows the critical role of LTB4 secretion in HTLV-1 transmission both in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florent Percher
- Unité d'Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris F-75015, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 3569, Paris F-75015, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Céline Curis
- Unité d'Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris F-75015, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 3569, Paris F-75015, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Eléonore Pérès
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, ENS de Lyon, INSERM U1210 CNRS-UCBL UMR 5239, UMS 3444 SFR Biosciences-Lyon, Lyon F-69007, France
| | - Maria Artesi
- Unit of Animal Genomics, Groupe Interdisciplinaire Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA), Université de Liège, Liège B-4000, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Rosewick
- Unit of Animal Genomics, Groupe Interdisciplinaire Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA), Université de Liège, Liège B-4000, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels B-1000, Belgium
| | - Patricia Jeannin
- Unité d'Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris F-75015, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 3569, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Antoine Gessain
- Unité d'Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris F-75015, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 3569, Paris F-75015, France
| | - Olivier Gout
- Service de Neurologie, Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris F-75019, France
| | - Renaud Mahieux
- Equipe Oncogenèse Rétrovirale, ENS de Lyon, and Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, Lyon F-69007, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Ceccaldi
- Unité d'Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris F-75015, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 3569, Paris F-75015, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Anne Van den Broeke
- Unit of Animal Genomics, Groupe Interdisciplinaire Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA), Université de Liège, Liège B-4000, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels B-1000, Belgium
| | - Madeleine Duc Dodon
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, ENS de Lyon, INSERM U1210 CNRS-UCBL UMR 5239, UMS 3444 SFR Biosciences-Lyon, Lyon F-69007, France
| | - Philippe V. Afonso
- Unité d'Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris F-75015, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 3569, Paris F-75015, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Matsumoto C, Sagara Y, Sobata R, Inoue Y, Morita M, Uchida S, Kiyokawa H, Satake M, Tadokoro K. Analysis of HTLV-1 proviral load (PVL) and antibody detected with various kinds of tests in Japanese blood donors to understand the relationship between PVL and antibody level and to gain insights toward better antibody testing. J Med Virol 2017; 89:1469-1476. [PMID: 28252206 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) occurs in approximately 5% of individuals infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). A high proviral load (PVL; more than four copies per 100 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or 1.6 copies per 100 blood leukocytes) and being male are risk factors for ATL development. Whether anti-HTLV-1 antibody level is related to such risk is unknown. Here, PVL and antibody levels were examined using real-time PCR and other tests in 600 HTLV-1 positive screened Japanese blood donors to understand the relationship between PVL and antibody level in asymptomatic carriers and to gain insights toward better antibody testing for HTLV-1 infection. The 430 donors in whom proviral DNA was detected were considered as true positives for HTLV-1 infection. Among donors aged 40 years or older, more males than females had a PVL corresponding to more than 1.6% infected leukocytes, and an antibody titer below the median (P = 0.0018). In antibody tests using an HTLV-1 positive cell line or Env antigens there was a large discrepancy in antibody titer among 13 provirus-positive samples, probably suggesting that antibody-based screening tests should incorporate multiple HTLV-1 antigens, such as Gag and Env antigens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chieko Matsumoto
- Japanese Red Cross Society Blood Service Headquarters, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuko Sagara
- Japanese Red Cross Society Kyushu Block Blood Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Rieko Sobata
- Japanese Red Cross Society Blood Service Headquarters, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Inoue
- Japanese Red Cross Society Kyushu Block Blood Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Maiko Morita
- Japanese Red Cross Society Kyushu Block Blood Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Uchida
- Japanese Red Cross Society Blood Service Headquarters, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kiyokawa
- Japanese Red Cross Society Kyushu Block Blood Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Satake
- Japanese Red Cross Society Blood Service Headquarters, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Tadokoro
- Japanese Red Cross Society Blood Service Headquarters, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Transfusion-transmitted infections remain among the most-feared complications of allogeneic blood transfusion. Thanks to several strategies including donor screening and deferral, blood testing and pathogen inactivation, their risks have reached all-time low levels, particularly in developed nations. Nonetheless, new and emerging infections remain a threat that is likely to exacerbate in the coming years with continued globalization and climate change. More effective strategies of pathogen inactivation and more vigilant horizon screening are hoped to abate the risk. Additionally, allogeneic transfusion has repeatedly been shown to be associated with worsening of outcomes in patients, including the documented increased risk of infections (often nosocomial) in recipients of transfusions. The underlying mechanism is likely to be related to immunosuppressive effects of allogeneic blood, iron content, and bacterial contamination. This issue is best addressed by more judicious and evidence-based use of allogeneic blood components to ensure the potential benefits outweigh the risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aryeh Shander
- a Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine , Englewood Hospital and Medical Center and TeamHealth Research Institute , Englewood , NJ , USA
| | - Gregg P Lobel
- a Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine , Englewood Hospital and Medical Center and TeamHealth Research Institute , Englewood , NJ , USA
| | - Mazyar Javidroozi
- a Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine , Englewood Hospital and Medical Center and TeamHealth Research Institute , Englewood , NJ , USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Infection with human T-lymphotropic virus types-1 and -2 (HTLV-1 and -2): Implications for blood transfusion safety. Transfus Clin Biol 2016; 23:13-9. [PMID: 26778839 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Many countries currently perform antibody screening for HTLV-1 infection in blood donors, and this intervention is likely cost-effective in preventing HTLV-1 related diseases in high prevalence countries. However, a number of high-income countries with low prevalence of HTLV-1 infection also perform universal HTLV-1 screening and debate has arisen regarding the cost-effectiveness of these strategies. Filter-based leukoreduction is likely to substantially reduce HTLV-1 transmission by removing infected lymphocytes, but actual laboratory data on its efficacy is currently lacking. Similarly, cost-effectiveness research on HTLV-1 prevention strategies is limited by poor data on prevalence, transmission efficacy and the cost of treating HTLV1 diseases.
Collapse
|
21
|
Marano G, Vaglio S, Pupella S, Facco G, Catalano L, Piccinini V, Liumbruno GM, Grazzini G. Human T-lymphotropic virus and transfusion safety: does one size fit all? Transfusion 2015; 56:249-60. [PMID: 26388300 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) are associated with a variety of human diseases, including some severe ones. Transfusion transmission of HTLV through cellular blood components is undeniable. HTLV screening of blood donations became mandatory in different countries to improve the safety of blood supplies. In Japan and Europe, most HTLV-infected donors are HTLV-1 positive, whereas in the United States a higher prevalence of HTLV-2 is reported. Many industrialized countries have also introduced universal leukoreduction of blood components, and pathogen inactivation technologies might be another effective preventive strategy, especially if and when generalized to all blood cellular products. Considering all measures available to minimize HTLV blood transmission, the question is what would be the most suitable and cost-effective strategy to ensure a high level of blood safety regarding these viruses, considering that there is no solution that can be deemed optimal for all countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefania Vaglio
- Italian National Blood Centre, National Institute of Health.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Facco
- Italian National Blood Centre, National Institute of Health.,Immunohaemathology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Città Della Salute e Della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Standardization of Quantitative PCR for Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 in Japan: a Collaborative Study. J Clin Microbiol 2015; 53:3485-91. [PMID: 26292315 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01628-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was used to assess the amount of HTLV-1 provirus DNA integrated into the genomic DNA of host blood cells. Accumulating evidence indicates that a high proviral load is one of the risk factors for the development of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. However, interlaboratory variability in qPCR results makes it difficult to assess the differences in reported proviral loads between laboratories. To remedy this situation, we attempted to minimize discrepancies between laboratories through standardization of HTLV-1 qPCR in a collaborative study. TL-Om1 cells that harbor the HTLV-1 provirus were serially diluted with peripheral blood mononuclear cells to prepare a candidate standard. By statistically evaluating the proviral loads of the standard and those determined using in-house qPCR methods at each laboratory, we determined the relative ratios of the measured values in the laboratories to the theoretical values of the TL-Om1 standard. The relative ratios of the laboratories ranged from 0.84 to 4.45. Next, we corrected the proviral loads of the clinical samples from HTLV-1 carriers using the relative ratio. As expected, the overall differences between the laboratories were reduced by half, from 7.4-fold to 3.8-fold on average, after applying the correction. HTLV-1 qPCR can be standardized using TL-Om1 cells as a standard and by determining the relative ratio of the measured to the theoretical standard values in each laboratory.
Collapse
|