1
|
Hutchison CJ, Srivastava K, Polin H, Bueno MU, Flegel WA. Rh flow cytometry: An updated methodology for D antigen density applied to weak D types 164 and 165. Transfusion 2023; 63:2141-2151. [PMID: 37792462 PMCID: PMC10680490 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An original methodology for determining the D antigen density on red cells was published in 2000 and has been applied in many publications since. This flow cytometry-based assay remained largely unrevised utilizing monoclonal anti-Ds that are not readily available anymore. We updated the methodology to quantify erythrocyte D antigen sites using microspheres and monoclonal anti-Ds that are commercially available today. METHODS The absolute D antigen density of a frozen standard CcDEe cell, drawn in 2003, a fresh blood donation from the same individual, drawn in 2022, and an internal control CcDEe cell, was quantified by flow cytometry using fluorescence-labeled microspheres. The internal control CcDEe cell was used in conjunction with 9 commercial anti-Ds to determine D antigen densities of 7 normal D, 4 partial D, and 11 weak D type samples, including 2 novel alleles. RESULTS The reproducibility of the updated assay was evaluated with red cells of published D antigen densities. The current results matched the known ones closely. The new weak D types 164 and 165 carried 4500 and 1505 D antigens/red cell, respectively. The absolute D antigen density decreased from 27,231 to 26,037 in an individual over 19 years. DISCUSSION The updated assay gave highly reproducible results for the D antigen densities of Rh phenotypes. Readily available anti-Ds allowed for the determination of the D antigen densities of 7 weak D types. The assay is suitable to evaluate the effects of distinct amino acid substitutions on the RhD phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Jayne Hutchison
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kshitij Srivastava
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Helene Polin
- Department of Immunogenetics, Red Cross Transfusion Service for Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
| | - Marina Ursula Bueno
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Willy Albert Flegel
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yin Q. DEL variants: review of molecular mechanisms, clinical consequences and molecular testing strategy. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:318. [PMID: 37840046 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01249-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Patients with DEL phenotype, a D variant with a low number of D antigens per red blood cell, are routinely typed as RhD-negative in serology testing and are detectable only by adsorption and elution techniques or molecular methods. DEL is of clinical importance worldwide, as indicated by its genotype-phenotype discrepancies among different populations and its potential to cause anti-D alloimmunization when DEL phenotype individuals are inadvertently managed as RhD-negative. This narrative review summarized the DEL alleles causing DEL phenotype and the underlying mechanisms. The clinical consequences and current molecular testing approach were discussed to manage the transfusion needs of patients and donors with DEL phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinan Yin
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Digital Pathology and Artificial Intelligence Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
- Precision Medicine Laboratory, School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schimanski B, Kräuchi R, Stettler J, Lejon Crottet S, Niederhauser C, Clausen FB, Fontana S, Hodel M, Amylidi-Mohr S, Raio L, Abbal C, Henny C. Fetal RHD Screening in RH1 Negative Pregnant Women: Experience in Switzerland. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2646. [PMID: 37893020 PMCID: PMC10604374 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
RH1 incompatibility between mother and fetus can cause hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. In Switzerland, fetal RHD genotyping from maternal blood has been recommended from gestational age 18 onwards since the year 2020. This facilitates tailored administration of RH immunoglobulin (RHIG) only to RH1 negative women carrying a RH1 positive fetus. Data from 30 months of noninvasive fetal RHD screening is presented. Cell-free DNA was extracted from 7192 plasma samples using a commercial kit, followed by an in-house qPCR to detect RHD exons 5 and 7, in addition to an amplification control. Valid results were obtained from 7072 samples, with 4515 (64%) fetuses typed RHD positive and 2556 (36%) fetuses being RHD negative. A total of 120 samples led to inconclusive results due to the presence of maternal or fetal RHD variants (46%), followed by women being serologically RH1 positive (37%), and technical issues (17%). One sample was typed false positive, possibly due to contamination. No false negative results were observed. We show that unnecessary administration of RHIG can be avoided for more than one third of RH1 negative pregnant women in Switzerland. This reduces the risks of exposure to a blood-derived product and conserves this limited resource to women in actual need.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Schimanski
- Interregional Blood Transfusion SRC Berne Ltd., 3008 Berne, Switzerland
| | - Rahel Kräuchi
- Interregional Blood Transfusion SRC Berne Ltd., 3008 Berne, Switzerland
| | - Jolanda Stettler
- Interregional Blood Transfusion SRC Berne Ltd., 3008 Berne, Switzerland
| | | | - Christoph Niederhauser
- Interregional Blood Transfusion SRC Berne Ltd., 3008 Berne, Switzerland
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Berne,3010 Berne, Switzerland
| | - Frederik Banch Clausen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stefano Fontana
- Interregional Blood Transfusion SRC Berne Ltd., 3008 Berne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Markus Hodel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, 6000 Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Sofia Amylidi-Mohr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Berne—Inselspital, 3010 Berne, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Raio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Berne—Inselspital, 3010 Berne, Switzerland
| | - Claire Abbal
- Division of Hematology, Lausanne University Hospital—CHUV, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christine Henny
- Interregional Blood Transfusion SRC Berne Ltd., 3008 Berne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wen J, Jia S, Wang Z, Chen J, Liang Q, Wei L, Richard G, Fichou Y, Luo G, Ji Y. Molecular and serological analysis of the D variant in the Chinese population and identification of seven novel RHD alleles. Transfusion 2023; 63:402-414. [PMID: 36382965 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular basis of the D variant phenotype in the Chinese differs greatly from that of the Caucasian. Adapting a specific D typing strategy to the spectrum of prevalent RHD variant alleles is necessary. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Blood samples with ambiguous D phenotypes were collected in the Southern Chinese population. A special three-step typing strategy was applied. First, the common DVI type 3 was identified from epitope profiles of D antigen. Then, another common weak D type 15 (RHD*845A) was identified by epitope profiles of D antigen and Sanger sequencing of RHD exon 6. Finally, the remaining D variants were genotyped mainly by Sanger sequencing. For the novel RHD alleles in the coding region and exon-intron junction, in vitro transfection and minigene splicing assays were performed, respectively. The anti-D investigation was performed. RESULTS DVI type 3 (65/253, 25.7%) and weak D type 15 (62/253, 24.5%) were common Chinese D variants, and RHD*960A, DFR, RHD*weak D type 25, 72, and 136 were frequent variant RHD alleles. Besides, twenty-two sporadic and seven novel RHD alleles (RHD*188A; RHD*688C; RHD*782 T; RHD*1181C; RHD*165 T, 993A; RHD*148 + 3G > T and RHD*1227 + 5G > C) were identified. The deleterious effect of the novel RHD alleles on D antigen or mRNA expression was confirmed. Anti-D was detected in two DVI type 3 pregnant women. DISCUSSION The three-step typing strategy provides an effective approach for Chinese D variant typing. It can be anticipated that commercially available RHD genotyping kits have limitations for testing Chinese D variants, as some of the frequent variants are not interrogated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jizhi Wen
- Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangshuang Jia
- Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwang Chen
- Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianni Liang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Wei
- Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Yann Fichou
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Guangping Luo
- Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Ji
- Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yin Q, Ouchari M. Transfusion management of Africans with RHD variants in China. Transfus Clin Biol 2023; 30:287-293. [PMID: 36702201 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The presence of D variant among minorities could produce a higher rate of alloimmunization observed in patients from this group. This is partly due to the ethnic and racial specificity of RHD variants and the limited availability of Rh-matched blood donors. Approximately half a million African migrants in China carrying distinct Rh blood type composition have presented to the health care system with an imperative safety requirement of blood transfusion among 1.3 billion Chinese individuals. We depict the clinically significant RHD alleles among African migrants living in China and identify the genetic similarities and disparities to Chinese. We discussed practical strategies to manage the unique transfusion needs of African migrants in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinan Yin
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sarkar A, Panati K, Narala VR. Code inside the codon: The role of synonymous mutations in regulating splicing machinery and its impact on disease. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2022; 790:108444. [PMID: 36307006 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2022.108444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, precise pre-mRNA processing, including alternative splicing, is essential to carry out the intricate protein translation process. Both point mutations (that alter the translated protein sequence) and synonymous mutations (that do not alter the translated protein sequence) are capable of affecting the splicing process. Synonymous mutations are known to affect gene expression via altering mRNA stability, mRNA secondary structure, splicing processes, and translational kinetics. In higher eukaryotes, precise splicing is regulated by three weakly conserved cis-elements, 5' and 3' splice sites and the branch site. Many other cis-acting elements (exonic/intronic splicing enhancers and silencers) and trans-acting splicing factors (serine and arginine-rich proteins and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins) have also been found to enhance or suppress the splicing process. The appearance of synonymous mutations in cis-acting elements can alter the splicing process by changing the binding pattern of splicing factors to exonic splicing enhancers or silencer motifs. This results in exon skipping, intron retention, and various other forms of alternative splicing, eventually leading to the emergence of a wide range of diseases. The focus of this review is to elucidate the role of synonymous mutations and their impact on abnormal splicing mechanisms. Further, this study highlights the function of synonymous mutation in mediating abnormal splicing in cancer and development of X-linked, and autosomal inherited diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avik Sarkar
- Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal 721102, India
| | - Kalpana Panati
- Department of Biotechnology, Government College for Men, Kadapa 516004, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lai S, Tian L, Hou L. A novel missense mutation (c.221G>C) in RHD gene identified in a Chinese woman. Transfusion 2022; 62:E30-E31. [PMID: 35694763 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Lai
- Emergency Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Blood Immunology, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Hou
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ye L, Li M, Yang Q, Zhu Z. RHD alleles contributing to serologically weak D phenotypes in China: A single-centre study over 10 years. Vox Sang 2022; 117:949-957. [PMID: 35510963 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In cases of serologically weak D phenotypes, RHD genotyping may identify discrepant serotyping results and protect the patient against allogeneic immunization. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of weak D alleles in China. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected samples carrying weak D antigen during a 10-year period from 2005 to 2014. The intensity and epitopes of D were analysed serologically. Genomic DNA was extracted and used for RHD sequencing and heterozygote analysis. In particular, an in vitro expression method for functional verification of the rare and novel in-frame deletion mutation was developed and then combined with homologous modelling results for analysis. RESULTS We studied a total of 283 weak D samples from volunteer blood donors and identified 45 RHD alleles among them, 11 of which were reported for the first time. Ten (3.5%) samples surprisingly carried DEL allelic variants and as many as 40 (14.1%) carried the wild-type RHD genotype. Combination of the results of functional experiments and in silico analysis suggested that the rare in-frame deletion mutation may reduce the expression of D antigen by affecting the RhD protein structure. CONCLUSIONS This study provides an enhanced overview of the distribution characteristics of RHD alleles in Chinese subjects with serologically weak D. An in vitro method to predict the biological significance of variant RHD alleles was also provided. We found inconsistent genotyping and phenotypic results in some samples, indicating the existence of additional regulatory mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luyi Ye
- Immunohematology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Centre, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghao Li
- Immunohematology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Centre, Shanghai, China
| | - Qixiu Yang
- Immunohematology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Centre, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyan Zhu
- Immunohematology Lab, Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Centre, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang J, Zeng Y, Wang Y, Fan J, Chen H, Yang D, Shi X, Xu H, Fu Z, Sheng F, Xuan J, Pan X, Zhang Z, Ai L, Zhang Y, Pan J, Zhao J, Wang M. RHD Genotypes in a Chinese Cohort of Pregnant Women. Front Genet 2022; 12:752485. [PMID: 34970297 PMCID: PMC8712876 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.752485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
RHD variants in D¯ Chinese pregnant women arose difficulties in management during pregnancy. Therefore, this study aims to precisely manage D¯ pregnant women by evaluating the spectrum of RHD mutations in D¯ pregnant women and getting insight into the possible rare alleles of RHD. A total of 76 D¯ pregnant women were analyzed by performing polymerase chain reactions with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP), the 10 RHD exons Sanger sequencing, RHD zygosity detection, and mRNA sequencing (mRNA-seq). About 40% of alleles are variations of RHD, including RHD 1227A homozygous, RHD-CE(2-9)-D, et al. Therefore, we developed a molecular diagnostic strategy for Chinese women, and most D¯ pregnant women can be diagnosed with this simple decision tree. After RHD genotyping for D¯ pregnancy women, we eliminated at least 15% unnecessary ante- and postpartum injections of Rh immunoglobulin (RhIG). As the first pedigree study and the first functional analysis under physiological conditions, mRNA-seq revealed that c.336-1G>A mutation mainly led to the inclusion of the intron 2, which indirectly explained the D¯ phenotype in this family. We also developed a robust protocol for determining fetal RhD status from maternal plasma. All 31 fetuses were predicted as RhD positive and confirmed the RhD status after birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shaoxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Genetics Department, Shaoxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yuefeng Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shaoxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jiaming Fan
- Genetics Department, Shaoxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Haijiang Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shaoxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shaoxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xiaoliang Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaoxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Hualin Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaoxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Zimu Fu
- Department of Gynecological Protection, Shaoxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Fang Sheng
- Department of Gynecological Protection, Shaoxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jie Xuan
- Department of Gynecological Protection, Shaoxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xiaoxi Pan
- Tianjin Super Biotechnology Developing Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Tianjin Super Biotechnology Developing Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Liping Ai
- Tianjin Super Biotechnology Developing Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Tianjin Super Biotechnology Developing Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Jingjing Pan
- Zhejiang Biosan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingming Wang
- Zhejiang Biosan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sadeghi-Bojd Y, Amirizadeh N, Oodi A. RHD Genotyping of Rh-Negative and Weak D Phenotype among Blood Donors in Southeast Iran. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res 2021; 15:213-220. [PMID: 35291662 PMCID: PMC8888359 DOI: 10.18502/ijhoscr.v15i4.7476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The D antigen is a subset of Rh blood group antigens involved in the hemolytic disease of the newborn [HDFN] and hemolytic transfusion reaction [HTR]. The hybrid Rhesus box that was created after RH gene deletion, was known as a mechanism of the Rh-negative phenotype. Hybrid marker identification is used to confirm the deletion of the RHD gene and to determine zygosity. This study aims to detect this marker in Rh-negative and weak D phenotype blood donors of the southeast of Iran. Materials and Methods: The molecular analysis of the hybrid Rhesus box was performed on the 200 Rh-negative blood donors in Sistan and Baluchestan province, southeast Iran. The presence of alleles responsible for the D variants was assessed by DNA sequencing in 26 weak D phenotype donors. Results: Of the 200 Rh-negative blood samples, 198 samples were homozygous (99%), and two samples were heterozygous (1%). Heterozygous samples had RHD*01N.73 allele and the RHD*01N.18 allele. Of the 26 samples with weak D phenotype, 16 partial DLO (61%), 4 partial DBT1 (15.3%), 2 partial DV type 2 (7.7%), 1 weak D type 1, 1 weak D type 4.2.3, 1weak D type 105 and 1 RHD (S103P) (4%) were determined. Conclusion: Since RHD gene deletion is the main mechanism of the Rh-negativity in Sistan and Baluchestan provinces, a hybrid Rhesus box marker can be used in resolving RhD typing discrepancies by RHD genotyping methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Younes Sadeghi-Bojd
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Amirizadeh
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Oodi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Flegel WA. Proceed with care: the "uncommon" serologic weak D phenotypes. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2021; 19:272-276. [PMID: 34704554 PMCID: PMC8297679 DOI: 10.2450/2021.0147-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Willy Albert Flegel
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Raud L, Le Tertre M, Vigneron L, Ka C, Richard G, Callebaut I, Chen JM, Férec C, Le Gac G, Fichou Y. Missense RHD single nucleotide variants induce weakened D antigen expression by altering splicing and/or protein expression. Transfusion 2021; 61:2468-2476. [PMID: 34110623 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although D variant phenotype is known to be due to genetic defects, including rare missense single nucleotide variants (SNVs), within the RHD gene, few studies have addressed the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving this altered expression. We and others showed previously that splicing is commonly disrupted by SNVs in constitutive splice sites and their vicinity. We thus sought to investigate whether rare missense SNVs located in "deep" exonic regions could also impair this mechanism. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Forty-six missense SNVs reported within exons 6 and 7 were first selected from the Human RhesusBase. Their respective effect on splicing was assessed by using an in vitro assay. An RhD-negative cell model was further generated by using the CRISPR-Cas9 approach. RhD-mutated proteins were overexpressed in the newly created model, and cell membrane expression of the D antigen was measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS Minigene splicing assay showed that 14 of 46 (30.4%) missense SNVs alter splicing. Very interestingly, further investigation of two missense SNVs, which both affect codon 338 and confer a weak D phenotype, showed various mechanisms: c.1012C>G (p.Leu338Val) disrupts splicing only, while c.1013T>C (p.Leu338Pro) alters only the protein structure, in agreement with in silico prediction tools and 3D protein structure visualization. CONCLUSION Our functional data set suggests that missense SNVs damage quantitatively D antigen expression by, at least, two different mechanisms (splicing alteration and protein destabilization) that may act independently. These data thereby contribute to extend the current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms governing weakened D expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loann Raud
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR1078, GGB, Brest, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Marlène Le Tertre
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR1078, GGB, Brest, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France.,Service de Génétique Médicale, CHRU Brest, Brest, France
| | | | - Chandran Ka
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR1078, GGB, Brest, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France.,Service de Génétique Médicale, CHRU Brest, Brest, France
| | - Gaëlle Richard
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR1078, GGB, Brest, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Callebaut
- Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR CNRS 7590, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Paris, France
| | - Jian-Min Chen
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR1078, GGB, Brest, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Claude Férec
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR1078, GGB, Brest, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France.,Service de Génétique Médicale, CHRU Brest, Brest, France
| | - Gérald Le Gac
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR1078, GGB, Brest, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France.,Service de Génétique Médicale, CHRU Brest, Brest, France
| | - Yann Fichou
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR1078, GGB, Brest, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ito S, Kaito S, Miyazaki T, Kikuchi G, Isa K, Tsuneyama H, Kurita R, Ogasawara K, Uchikawa M, Satake M. A new antigen SUMI carried on glycophorin A encoded by the GYPA*M with c.91A>C (p.Thr31Pro) belongs to the MNS blood group system. Transfusion 2020; 60:1287-1293. [PMID: 32358867 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MNS is one of the highly polymorphic blood groups comprising many antigens generated by genomic recombination among the GYPA, GYPB, and GYPE genes as well as by single-nucleotide changes. We report a patient with red blood cell (RBC) antibody against an unknown low-frequency antigen, tentatively named SUMI, and investigated its carrier molecule and causal gene. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Standard serologic tests, including enzyme tests, were performed. Monoclonal anti-SUMI-producing cells (HIRO-305) were established by transformation and hybridization methods using lymphocytes from a donor having anti-SUMI. SUMI+ RBCs were examined by immunocomplex capture fluorescence analysis (ICFA) using HIRO-305 and murine monoclonal antibodies against RBC membrane proteins carrying blood group antigens. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood, and the GYPA gene was analyzed by polymerase chain reactions and Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Serologic screening revealed that 23 of the 541,522 individuals (0.0042%) were SUMI+, whereas 1351 of the 10,392 individuals (13.0%) had alloanti-SUMI. SUMI antigen was sensitive to ficin, trypsin, pronase, and neuraminidase, but resistant to α-chymotrypsin and sulfydryl-reducing agents. ICFA revealed that the SUMI antigen was carried on glycophorin A (GPA). According to Sanger sequencing and cloning, the SUMI+ individuals had a GYPA*M allele with c.91A>C (p.Thr31Pro), which may abolish the O-glycan attachment site. CONCLUSIONS The new low-frequency antigen SUMI is carried on GPA encoded by the GYPA*M allele with c.91A>C (p.Thr31Pro). Neuraminidase sensitivity suggests that glycophorin around Pro31 are involved in the SUMI determinant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Ito
- Japanese Red Cross Tohoku Block Blood Center, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kaito
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Miyazaki
- Japanese Red Cross Hokkaido Block Blood Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Go Kikuchi
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumi Isa
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hatsue Tsuneyama
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan.,Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Kurita
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Uchikawa
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tsuneyama H, Isa K, Watanabe‐Okochi N, Ogasawara K, Uchikawa M, Satake M. An unusual variant glycophorin expressing protease‐resistant M antigen encoded by the
GYPB‐E(2‐4)‐B
hybrid gene. Vox Sang 2020; 115:579-585. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hatsue Tsuneyama
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto‐Koshinetsu Block Blood Center Tokyo Japan
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute Tokyo Japan
| | - Kazumi Isa
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute Tokyo Japan
| | | | | | - Makoto Uchikawa
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto‐Koshinetsu Block Blood Center Tokyo Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
The Association of OTX1 rs17850223 Polymorphisms in Han Chinese Patients with Idiopathic Epilepsy. Int J Genomics 2020; 2020:4375293. [PMID: 32211441 PMCID: PMC7085824 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4375293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is aimed at investigating the association between orthodenticle homeobox 1 (OTX1) gene polymorphisms and idiopathic epilepsy in a cohort of Han Chinese patients. We carried out a case-control study on 147 patients with idiopathic epilepsy and 150 healthy controls. Genomic DNA was isolated from 1 ml of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA)-treated blood. The OTX1 coding sequence was divided into three parts and amplified using PCR, and the products were genotyped using the Sanger sequencing method. All OTX1 coding sequences were conserved except for rs17850223 located on the fifth exon. The frequency of the CC, CG, and GG genotypes showed no statistical differences between the idiopathic epileptic patients and the controls. The rs17850223 G allele distribution was also similar between the idiopathic epileptic patients and the controls. Interestingly, the frequency of the GG genotype was significantly higher in the patients with generalized seizures compared with that of the controls (12.2% vs. 2%, p = 0.012), and a greater distribution of the rs17850223 G allele was also seen in the patients with generalized seizures compared with controls (18.3% vs. 10%, p = 0.049). rs17850223 might play a critical role in Chinese idiopathic epileptic patients with generalized seizure activity.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang X, Li G, Zhou Z, Shao C, Huang X, Li L, Li X, Liu Y, Fan H, Li J. Molecular and computational analysis of 45 samples with a serologic weak D phenotype detected among 132,479 blood donors in northeast China. J Transl Med 2019; 17:393. [PMID: 31775789 PMCID: PMC6880393 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-02134-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background RH1 is one of the most clinically important blood group antigens in the field of transfusion and in the prevention of fetal incompatibility. The molecular analysis and characterization of serologic weak D phenotypes is essential to ensuring transfusion safety. Methods Blood samples from a northeastern Chinese population were randomly screened for a serologic weak D phenotype. The nucleotide sequences of all 10 exons, adjacent flanking intronic regions, and partial 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) were detected for RHD genes. Predicted deleterious structural changes in missense mutations of serologicl weak D phenotypes were analyzed using SIFT, PROVEAN and PolyPhen2 software. The protein structure of serologic weak D phenotypes was predicted using Swiss-PdbViewer 4.0.1. Results A serologic weak D phenotype was found in 45 individuals (0.03%) among 132,479 blood donors. Seventeen distinct RHD mutation alleles were detected, with 11 weak D, four partial D and two DEL alleles. Further analyses resulted in the identification of two novel alleles (RHD weak D 1102A and 399C). The prediction of a three-dimensional structure showed that the protein conformation was disrupted in 16 serologic weak D phenotypes. Conclusions Two novel and 15 rare RHD alleles were identified. Weak D type 15, DVI Type 3, and RHD1227A were the most prevalent D variant alleles in a northeastern Chinese population. Although the frequencies of the D variant alleles presented herein were low, their phenotypic and genotypic descriptions add to the repertoire of reported RHD alleles. Bioinformatics analysis on RhD protein can give us more interpretation of missense variants of RHD gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Liaoning Blood Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Guiji Li
- Department of Hematology, The Forth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhuren Zhou
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Liaoning Blood Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chaopeng Shao
- Department of Transfusion, the Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuying Huang
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Liaoning Blood Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lichun Li
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Liaoning Blood Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Liaoning Blood Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Harbin Blood Center, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hua Fan
- Department of Hematology, The Forth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Jianping Li
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Liaoning Blood Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. .,Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. .,Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Harbin Blood Center, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. .,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Raud L, Ka C, Gourlaouen I, Callebaut I, Férec C, Le Gac G, Fichou Y. Functional analysis of novelRHDvariants: splicing disruption is likely to be a common mechanism of variant D phenotype. Transfusion 2019; 59:1367-1375. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.15210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Loann Raud
- UMR1078 "Génétique, Génomique Fonctionnelle et Biotechnologies"; INSERM, EFS, Université de Brest, IBSAM, CHU de Brest; Brest France
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex; Paris France
| | - Chandran Ka
- UMR1078 "Génétique, Génomique Fonctionnelle et Biotechnologies"; INSERM, EFS, Université de Brest, IBSAM, CHU de Brest; Brest France
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex; Paris France
| | - Isabelle Gourlaouen
- UMR1078 "Génétique, Génomique Fonctionnelle et Biotechnologies"; INSERM, EFS, Université de Brest, IBSAM, CHU de Brest; Brest France
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex; Paris France
| | - Isabelle Callebaut
- IMPMC, Sorbonne Universités - UMR CNRS 7590, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, IRD UMR 206; Paris France
| | - Claude Férec
- UMR1078 "Génétique, Génomique Fonctionnelle et Biotechnologies"; INSERM, EFS, Université de Brest, IBSAM, CHU de Brest; Brest France
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex; Paris France
| | - Gérald Le Gac
- UMR1078 "Génétique, Génomique Fonctionnelle et Biotechnologies"; INSERM, EFS, Université de Brest, IBSAM, CHU de Brest; Brest France
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex; Paris France
| | - Yann Fichou
- UMR1078 "Génétique, Génomique Fonctionnelle et Biotechnologies"; INSERM, EFS, Université de Brest, IBSAM, CHU de Brest; Brest France
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex; Paris France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Takeuchi-Baba C, Ito S, Kinjo R, Miyagi H, Yasuda H, Ogasawara K, Ohto H. Production of RBC autoantibody mimicking anti-D specificity following transfusion in a patient with weak D Type 15. Transfusion 2019; 59:1190-1195. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.15207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shoichi Ito
- Japanese Red Cross Tohoku Block Center; Sendai Japan
| | - Rie Kinjo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Tomishiro Central Hospital; Okinawa Japan
| | - Hitomi Miyagi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory; Tomishiro Central Hospital; Okinawa Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Yasuda
- Division of Medical Technology; Fukushima Prefectural Hygiene Institute; Fukushima Japan
| | | | - Hitoshi Ohto
- Department of Advanced Cancer Immunotherapy; Fukushima Medical University; Fukushima Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ouchari M, Srivastava K, Romdhane H, Jemni Yacoub S, Flegel WA. Transfusion strategy for weak D Type 4.0 based on RHD alleles and RH haplotypes in Tunisia. Transfusion 2017; 58:306-312. [PMID: 29193104 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With more than 460 RHD alleles, this gene is the most complex and polymorphic among all blood group systems. The Tunisian population has the largest known prevalence of weak D Type 4.0 alleles, occurring in one of 105 RH haplotypes. We aimed to establish a rationale for the transfusion strategy of weak D Type 4.0 in Tunisia. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Donors were randomly screened for the serologic weak D phenotype. The RHD coding sequence and parts of the introns were sequenced. To establish the RH haplotype, the RHCE gene was tested for characteristic single-nucleotide positions. RESULTS We determined all RHD alleles and the RH haplotypes coding for the serologic weak D phenotype among 13,431 Tunisian donations. A serologic weak D phenotype was found in 67 individuals (0.50%). Among them, 60 carried a weak D Type 4 allele: 53 weak D Type 4.0, six weak D Type 4.2.2 (DAR), and one weak D Type 4.1. An additional four donors had one variant allele each: DVII, weak D Type 1, weak D Type 3, and weak D type 100, while three donors showed a normal RHD sequence. The weak D Type 4.0 was most often linked to RHCE*ceVS.04.01, weak D Type 4.2.2 to RHCE*ceAR, and weak D Type 4.1 to RHCE*ceVS.02, while the other RHD alleles were linked to one of the common RHCE alleles. CONCLUSIONS Among the weak D phenotypes in Tunisia, no novel RHD allele was found and almost 90% were caused by alleles of the weak D Type 4 cluster, of which 88% represented the weak D Type 4.0 allele. Based on established RH haplotypes for variant RHD and RHCE alleles and the lack of adverse clinical reports, we recommend D+ transfusions for patients with weak D Type 4.0 in Tunisia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Ouchari
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kshitij Srivastava
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | - Willy Albert Flegel
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chun S, Yun JW, Park G, Cho D. The synonymous nucleotide substitution RHD 1056C>G alters mRNA splicing associated with serologically weak D phenotype. J Clin Lab Anal 2017; 32:e22330. [PMID: 28926139 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND D antigen is one of the most clinically significant blood group antigens. Variation of the RHD gene can cause weak D or partial D phenotypes. While most variations are missense substitutions with amino acid changes, those without are called "silent" or "synonymous" substitutions. Synonymous substitutions often have little effect on the protein, not altering the phenotype. However, effect on splicing can affect end-product protein. We report a new synonymous variation, RHD 1056C>G, that resulted in weak D phenotype, and predicted its effect with various in silico methods. METHODS Serologic testing of the D antigen with full sequencing of the RHD gene was done. Human Splice Finder was used to predict the effect of this variation, and validation of this method was done with all known RHD variations reported in the literature. RESULTS RHD 1056C>G was predicted to cause the formation of an exonic splicing silencer (ESS) site. The creation of new ESS site potentially inhibits the splicing event, resulting alteration of splicing. This is similar to remodeling of splice acceptor or donor site, as this kind of deep exonic variation could affect the D antigen's quality or quantity. This is in concordance with serologic results, which showed only delayed weak agglutination to anti-D reagents. CONCLUSIONS The analytic methods we applied showed good correlation with the actual phenotype, along with concordant results when analyzing other known variants reported in the literature. We conclude that RHD 1056C>G results in serologic weak D phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sejong Chun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Won Yun
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geon Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Duck Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
McGowan EC, Lopez GH, Knauth CM, Liew YW, Condon JA, Ramadi L, Parsons K, Turner EM, Flower RL, Hyland CA. Diverse and novelRHDvariants in Australian blood donors with a weak D phenotype: implication for transfusion management. Vox Sang 2017; 112:279-287. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. C. McGowan
- Clinical Services and Research; Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Kelvin Grove QLD Australia
| | - G. H. Lopez
- Clinical Services and Research; Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Kelvin Grove QLD Australia
| | - C. M. Knauth
- Clinical Services and Research; Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Kelvin Grove QLD Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences; Faculty of Health; Queensland University of Technology; Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Y.-W. Liew
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory; Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Kelvin Grove QLD Australia
| | - J. A. Condon
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory; Australian Red Cross Blood Service; West Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - L. Ramadi
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory; Australian Red Cross Blood Service; West Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - K. Parsons
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory; Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Alexandria NSW Australia
| | - E. M. Turner
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory; Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Kelvin Grove QLD Australia
| | - R. L. Flower
- Clinical Services and Research; Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Kelvin Grove QLD Australia
| | - C. A. Hyland
- Clinical Services and Research; Australian Red Cross Blood Service; Kelvin Grove QLD Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Seo MH, Won EJ, Hong YJ, Chun S, Kwon JR, Choi YS, Kim JN, Lee SA, Lim AH, Kim SH, Park KU, Cho D. An effective diagnostic strategy for accurate detection of RhD variants including Asian DEL type in apparently RhD-negative blood donors in Korea. Vox Sang 2016; 111:425-430. [PMID: 27864976 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to provide an effective RHD genotyping strategy for the East Asian blood donors. MATERIAL AND METHODS RhD phenotyping, weak D testing and RhCE phenotyping were performed on 110 samples from members of the RhD-negative club, private organization composed of RhD-negative blood donors, in the GwangJu-Chonnam region of Korea. The RHD promoter, intron 4, and exons 7 and 10 were analysed by real-time PCR. Two nucleotide changes (c.1227 G>A, and c.1222 T>C) in exon 9 were analysed by sequencing. RESULTS Of 110 RhD-negative club members, 79 (71·8%) showed complete deletion of the RHD gene, 10 (9·1%) showed results consistent with RHD-CE-D hybrid, and 21 (19·1%) showed amplification of RHD promoter, intron 4, and exons 7 and 10. Of the latter group, 16 (14·5%) were in the DEL blood group including c.1227 G>A (N = 14) and c.1222 T>C (N = 2), 2 (1·8%) were weak D, 1(0·9%) was partial D, and 2 (1·8%) were undetermined. The RhD-negative phenotype samples consisted of 58 C-E-c+e+, 19 C-E+c+e+, 3 C-E+c+e-, 21 C+E-c+e-, 6 C+E-c+e+ and 3 C+E-c-e + . Notably, all 58 samples with the C-E-c+e+ phenotype were revealed to have complete deletion of the RHD gene. The C-E-c+e+ phenotype showed 100% positive predictive value for detecting D-negative cases. CONCLUSIONS RHD genotyping is not required in half of D-negative cases. We suggest here an effective RHD genotyping strategy for accurate detection of RhD variants in apparently RhD-negative blood donors in East Asia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H Seo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - E J Won
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Y J Hong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - S Chun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J R Kwon
- The Division of Human Blood Safety Surveillance, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - Y S Choi
- The Division of Human Blood Safety Surveillance, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - J N Kim
- The Division of Human Blood Safety Surveillance, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongwon, Korea
| | - S A Lee
- Blood Transfusion Research Institute, Korean Red Cross, Wonju, Korea
| | - A H Lim
- Blood Transfusion Research Institute, Korean Red Cross, Wonju, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea
| | - K U Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - D Cho
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Isa K, Sasaki K, Ogasawara K, Saito M, Tsuneyama H, Yabe R, Uchikawa M, Satake M. Prevalence ofRHDalleles in Japanese individuals with weak D phenotype: Identification of 20 newRHDalleles. Vox Sang 2016; 111:315-319. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Isa
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute; Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Sasaki
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute; Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Ogasawara
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute; Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Saito
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - H. Tsuneyama
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute; Tokyo Japan
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - R. Yabe
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Uchikawa
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Satake
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute; Tokyo Japan
| |
Collapse
|