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Portela DA, Romano M, Koehler P, Donati PA, Zamora GA, Gandi KY, Vettorato E, Chiavaccini L, Otero PE. Greater ischiatic notch plane versus parasacral block in dogs undergoing pelvic limb surgery: a retrospective noninferiority cohort study on perioperative opioid consumption. Vet Anaesth Analg 2024:S1467-2987(24)00132-6. [PMID: 39153955 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare perioperative opioid consumption in dogs undergoing pelvic limb surgeries and receiving a lumbosacral plexus block by combining a lumbar [lateral pre-iliac (LPI)] block with a lumbosacral trunk [i.e. parasacral (PS group) or greater ischiatic notch plane (GIN group)] block. Study design Retrospective, descriptive, exploratory, noninferiority cohort study. METHODS Medical records of 37 client-owned dogs were analyzed. Intraoperative (primary outcome) and postoperative (24 hours) opioid use, 24 hour cumulative pain scores and prevalence of complications were compared between the two groups. Opioid use was quantified in morphine equivalents (ME, mg kg-1 ). The noninferiority limit for intraoperative opioid consumption was set at 0.05 ME kg-1 hour-1. Demographic data, procedure duration, surgery type and perioperative dexmedetomidine and ketamine use were also collected. A t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test, a Fisher's exact test and multivariable linear regression were used. Significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS The GIN and PS groups comprised 17 and 20 dogs, respectively. Total intraoperative ME consumption was 0.17 (0.11-0.21) and 0.22 (0.16-0.30) mg kg-1 hour-1 for the GIN and PS groups, respectively (p = 0.077). The noninferiority analysis adjusted by surgery type and body mass revealed that the mean difference between the groups (GIN - PS) was -0.039 (95% CI -0.11-0.03, p = 0.247) ME mg kg-1 hour-1, indicating that the GIN group was not inferior to the PS group regarding intraoperative ME consumption. Dexmedetomidine and ketamine use, postoperative ME consumption and pain scores were similar between groups. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This retrospective study and preliminary observations support the clinical use of the GIN plane block, demonstrating its noninferiority to the PS block when combined with the LPI block for multimodal perioperative analgesia in dogs undergoing pelvic limb surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Portela
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Marta Romano
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Perry Koehler
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Pablo A Donati
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo A Zamora
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Keith Y Gandi
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Enzo Vettorato
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ludovica Chiavaccini
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Pablo E Otero
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Alza Salvatierra DN, Motta L, Redondo JI, du Toit M, Pompermaier E, Martinez M. Retrospective case-control non-inferiority analysis of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block in dogs undergoing mini-hemilaminectomy for intervertebral disc disease. J S Afr Vet Assoc 2024; 95:109-120. [PMID: 39248351 DOI: 10.36303/jsava.600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Veterinary medicine has seen significant advancements in locoregional anaesthesia and pain management, including the emergence of the erector spinae plane (ESP) block. However, limited clinical evidence exists on its efficacy and safety. OBJECTIVES This study compares ultrasound-guided ESP block (ESP group) with an intraoperative intravenous ketamine infusion analgesic protocol (CRI group) in dogs undergoing thoracolumbar mini-hemilaminectomy, focusing on intraoperative opioid consumption, cardiovascular response to surgical stimulation (CR), postoperative pain scores (PS), and postoperative opioid consumption. METHODS Retrospective, case-control, non-inferiority study conducted in a single centre. Data collected included demographics, bupivacaine dose, ESP block operator, intraoperative recorded variables (haemodynamic variables, CR, complications, rescue analgesia), pre- and postoperative analgesia, 24-hour PS and opioid administration, first food intake post-extubation and postoperative complications. Univariate and multiple regression analyses were applied. RESULTS One-hundred dogs were included, 75 in the ESP group and 25 in the CRI group. Univariate analysis revealed no significant differences between treatment groups in terms of CR, PS, postoperative rescue analgesia, intraoperative and postoperative opioid consumption, or time to first meal intake. However, the multivariate regression analysis indicated that dogs receiving ketamine infusion had higher CR suspected to be nociception-related (p = 0.036), and higher postoperative opioid consumption (p = 0.013). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that ultrasound-guided ESP block is as effective as intraoperative ketamine infusion providing perioperative analgesia in dogs undergoing thoracolumbar mini-hemilaminectomy for intervertebral disc disease. ESP group showed significantly lower CR suspected to be nociception-related intraoperatively and lower postoperative opioid consumption within the initial 24 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L Motta
- Northwest Veterinary Specialists, Linnaeus Veterinary Limited, United Kingdom
| | - J I Redondo
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Spain
| | - M du Toit
- Northwest Veterinary Specialists, Linnaeus Veterinary Limited, United Kingdom
| | - E Pompermaier
- Wear Referrals, Linnaeus Veterinary Limited, United Kingdom
| | - M Martinez
- ChesterGates Veterinary Specialists, CVS Group public limited company, United Kingdom
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ZAHRA JOL, SEGATTO CZ, ZANELLI GR, BRUNO TDS, NICÁCIO GM, GIUFFRIDA R, CASSU RN. A comparison of intra and postoperative analgesic effects of sacrococcygeal and lumbosacral epidural levobupivacaine in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy. J Vet Med Sci 2023; 85:1172-1179. [PMID: 37793832 PMCID: PMC10686773 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the intra and postoperative analgesic effects of sacrococcygeal epidural levobupivacaine with those of lumbosacral levobupivacaine in feline ovariohysterectomy. Thirty-six cats were premedicated with intramuscular acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg) and meperidine (6 mg/kg). Anesthesia was induced with intravenous propofol and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. The cats were randomly assigned one of the three treatments receiving 0.33% levobupivacaine (0.3 mL/kg) into the sacrococcygeal (S-C group, n=12) or lumbosacral (L-S group, n=12) epidural space, or the same volume of 0.9% saline solution into one of the epidural approaches (Control group, n=12). Intraoperatively, cardiorespiratory variables, end-tidal isoflurane concentration (FE´ISO), and fentanyl requirements were recorded. Postoperative pain was assessed by the UNESP (Universidade Estadual Paulista)-Botucatu multidimensional composite pain scale and the Glasgow feline composite measure pain scale up to 8 hr post-extubation. Morphine was administered as rescue analgesia. Overall FE´ISO and fentanyl requirements were lower in the L-S and S-C compared to the Control (P=0.002-0.048, respectively). There was no significant difference in the cardiorespiratory variables during anesthesia, postoperative pain and rescue analgesia among groups. The time to standing after anesthesia was prolonged in the L-S and S-C groups than in the Control (P<0.001). Lumbosacral and sacrococcygeal epidural levobupivacaine resulted in similar decreases in isoflurane requirements and intraoperative fentanyl supplementation in the cats, with no postoperative benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Oliveira Lima ZAHRA
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Camila Zanetti SEGATTO
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Ricci ZANELLI
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Tatiane dos Santos BRUNO
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Montoro NICÁCIO
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Rogerio GIUFFRIDA
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Renata Navarro CASSU
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
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Adair KV, Lux CN, Sun X. Retrospective comparison of modified percutaneous cystolithotomy (PCCLm) and traditional open cystotomy (OC) in dogs: 218 cases (2010-2019). Vet Surg 2023; 52:897-908. [PMID: 37592745 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare short- and long-term clinical variables between dogs undergoing a modified percutaneous cystolithotomy (PCCLm) and open cystotomy (OC) and evaluate for risk factors associated with complications and outcomes within the groups. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study. ANIMALS A total of 218 dogs. METHODS Records were reviewed for dogs that underwent PCCLm or OC between January 2010 and December 2019. Signalment; history and diagnostic findings; procedural, anesthetic, and hospitalized care data; complications; urolith recurrence; and follow-up were recorded. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate effects of clinical variables on outcomes within PCCLm and OC groups and to identify significant categorical variables between PCCLm and OC groups. Two sample t-tests were used to identify significant numerical variables between PCCLm and OC groups. RESULTS A total of 60.1% (131/218) of dogs underwent the PCCLm procedure and 39.9% (87/218) of dogs underwent the OC procedure. Anesthesia time (p < .001) was significantly longer in the OC group. No significant difference in incomplete urolith removal was noted between groups. Although surgical site infection and inflammation rates were not significantly different between OC and PCCLm groups, incisional infections were significantly associated with complications occurring during PCCLm (p = .027). Significantly reduced postoperative lower urinary tract signs (p = .022) were noted in the PCCLm group. CONCLUSION The PCCLm may result in reduced lower urinary tract signs postoperatively compared to OC, but other clear advantages of the PCCLm were not identified in this study. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE PCCLm procedures are an effective alternative to OC for urolith removal in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine V Adair
- University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Cassie N Lux
- University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Xiaocun Sun
- University of Tennessee Office of Information and Technology, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
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Portela DA, Cavalcanti M, Teixeira JG, Gandy KY, Zamora G, Stern AW, Jones R, Fuensalida SE, Chiavaccini L, Romano M, Otero PE. Lumbosacral plexus block using a combination of ultrasound-guided lateral pre-iliac and parasacral approaches in cats. Vet Anaesth Analg 2023; 50:188-196. [PMID: 36775670 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe an ultrasound-guided lateral pre-iliac (LPI) and parasacral (PS) approach in feline cadavers (phase I) and compare the perioperative analgesic use and complications in cats administered LPI and PS blocks (group PNB) or epidural anesthesia (group EPI) for pelvic limb surgery (phase II). STUDY DESIGN Experimental uncontrolled, anatomic and retrospective cohort study. ANIMALS A group of eight feline cadavers and 52 medical records. METHODS Bilateral LPI and PS approaches with 0.1 mL kg-1 of dye to stain the femoral and obturator nerves and the lumbosacral trunk, respectively, were performed on each cadaver. Nerve staining effect was evaluated upon dissections (phase I). Perioperative analgesics use, and complication rates were retrospectively compared between groups PNB and EPI (phase II). Continuous data were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test and the prevalence of events with Fisher's exact test. Differences were considered significant when p < 0.05. RESULTS Dissections revealed that the LPI approach stained 94% and 75% of the femoral and obturator nerves, respectively. The PS approach stained 100% of the lumbosacral trunks. Cats enrolled in group PNB (n = 23) were administered lower doses of intraoperative opioids than those in group EPI (n = 25) (p = 0.006). Intraoperative rescue analgesia was required in 60% and 17.4% of cats enrolled in groups EPI and PNB, respectively (p = 0.003). Group PNB required more intraoperative anticholinergics than group EPI (p = 0.02). There were no differences in postoperative pain scores, analgesic use and complication rates. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The ultrasound-guided LPI and PS approach stained the femoral/obturator nerves and the lumbosacral trunk, respectively, in feline cadavers. Furthermore, PNB was associated with lower intraoperative opioid use and similar postoperative pain and analgesic use compared with epidural anesthesia in a cohort of cats undergoing surgery of the pelvic limb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Portela
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Mariana Cavalcanti
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jorge G Teixeira
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Keith Y Gandy
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Gustavo Zamora
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Adam W Stern
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Rachel Jones
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Santiago E Fuensalida
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ludovica Chiavaccini
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Marta Romano
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Pablo E Otero
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Sambugaro B, De Gennaro C, Hattersley RD, Vettorato E. Extradural anaesthesia-analgesia in dogs undergoing cholecystectomy: A single centre retrospective study. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:966183. [PMID: 36157172 PMCID: PMC9500543 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.966183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To assess the effects of extradural anaesthesia-analgesia (EAA) in dogs undergoing cholecystectomy. Materials and methods Medical records of dogs undergoing cholecystectomy between 2011 and 2019 were retrieved and allocated to two groups depending if analgesia was provided systemically (group SA) or extradurally (EAA). Preoperative data, intraoperative antinociceptive medications, postoperative analgesia, perioperative complications, and food intake were compared. Results Overall 41 medical records were included in the study: 19 and 22 dogs were allocated to groups SA and EAA, respectively. In group EAA, an extradural catheter was placed preoperatively in 8 dogs; in the remaining, it was placed postoperatively but an extradural injection was performed preoperatively. The extradural catheter tip was between the 4th lumbar and the 10th thoracic vertebrae. Intraoperatively, nociception was more likely to occur in group SA [OR 55.42 (2.97–1,035.06)]. During the first 24 and 48 h postoperatively, more dogs in group SA required methadone [OR 24 (2.81–268.4) and OR 11.56 (2.37–45.06), respectively] and additional analgesic drugs [OR 25 (3.47–281.9) and OR 35.29 (1.86–668.2), respectively] compared to group EAA. Voluntary postoperative food intake was also significantly higher in group EAA. Clinical significance Compared to systemic analgesia, the use of extradural anaesthesia-analgesia reduced perioperative analgesic requirement and promoted postoperative food intake in dogs undergoing cholecystectomy.
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Cima DS, Credie LDFGA, Futema F, Luna SPL. Lumbar Epidural: Anatomical and Clinical Study in Dogs Submitted to Ovariohysterectomy. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:527812. [PMID: 33240944 PMCID: PMC7669829 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.527812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidural anesthesia minimizes perioperative pain in dogs. It is considered that epidural solution dispersion in cadavers is similar to alive dogs. The objective of the anatomical study was to compare the dispersion of 0.2 mL/kg 0.25% bupivacaine and iohexol via lumbar epidural (L1–L2) under fluoroscopic guidance in 10 thawed cadavers (GC) and 13 female dogs (G0.25) (5–15 kg; body score 4/5). The objective of the clinical study was to evaluate postoperative analgesic consumption and sedation for 6 h after extubation of dogs submitted to ovariohysterectomy when using 0.25% (G0.25; n = 10) bupivacaine with the intraoperative use of fentanyl (GF; n = 10). Parametric data were compared by the t-test and non-parametric data by the Mann Whitney test. Pain and sedation scores were evaluated over time by the Friedman test, followed by the Dunn test. Alive dogs presented greater epidural dispersion (17 ± 3 vertebrae) than thawed cadavers (11 ± 4 vertebrae; p = 0.002). All dogs treated with fentanyl and only one dog treated with 0.25% epidural bupivacaine presented pain scores above the cut-off point of the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale Short-Form (GCMPS-SF) and required postoperative rescue analgesia up to 6 h after extubation. The sedation score was higher at all postoperative moments compared to preoperative moments in the G0.25 and GF, except for evaluations performed at 5 and 6 h after extubation in the GF. Greater sedation was observed immediately after extubation in the GF compared to the G0.25, and there was greater sedation in the G0.25 compared to the GF from 3 to 6 h after extubation. The conclusion of the anatomical study was that L1–L2 epidural bupivacaine dispersion is lower in canine thawed cadavers than in alive dogs. Conclusion of the clinical study was that lumbar epidural anesthesia improved postoperative analgesia and produced longer postoperative sedation when compared to fentanyl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Santilli Cima
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical School, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Fábio Futema
- School of Veterinary Medicine, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stelio Pacca Loureiro Luna
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Brazil
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Portela DA, Romano M, Zamora GA, Garcia-Pereira F, Pablo LS, Gatson BJ, Johnson AN, Otero PE. The effect of erector spinae plane block on perioperative analgesic consumption and complications in dogs undergoing hemilaminectomy surgery: a retrospective cohort study. Vet Anaesth Analg 2020; 48:116-124. [PMID: 33277182 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the perioperative use of analgesics and complication rates in dogs administered an erector spinae plane (ESP) block or a traditional opioid-based (OP) treatment as part of analgesic management during hemilaminectomy. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. ANIMALS Medical records of 114 client-owned dogs. METHODS General data included demographics, duration of procedure, number of laminae fenestrated, perioperative use of steroid and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Intra- and postoperative analgesics used in 48 hours and complications rates were compared between groups. Opioid use was expressed in morphine equivalents [ME (mg kg-1)]. Continuous data were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test and incidence of events with a Fisher's exact tests. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate association between perioperative ME consumption (dependent variable) with other independent variables. Data are presented as median (range). Differences were considered significant when p < 0.05. RESULTS Group ESP comprised 42 dogs and group OP 72 dogs. No differences were observed in the general data. Intraoperative ME was 0.65 (0.20-3.74) and 0.79 (0.19-5.60) mg kg-1 in groups ESP and OP, respectively (p = 0.03). Intraoperative infusion of lidocaine was administered intravenously (IV) to 23.8% and 68% of groups ESP and OP, respectively (p < 0.0001). Intraoperative infusion of ketamine was administered IV to 21% and 40% of groups ESP and OP, respectively (p = 0.04). Regression analysis revealed the ESP block as the only independent variable affecting the perioperative ME consumption. Pharmacological intervention to treat cardiovascular complications was administered to 21.4% and 47.2% of dogs in groups ESP and OP, respectively (p = 0.008). There were no differences in postoperative complication rates. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE ESP block was associated with reduced perioperative opioid consumption, intraoperative adjuvant analgesic use and incidence of pharmacological interventions to treat cardiovascular complications in dogs undergoing hemilaminectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Portela
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Marta Romano
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Gustavo A Zamora
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Luisito S Pablo
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Bonnie J Gatson
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Alana N Johnson
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Pablo E Otero
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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