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Romito O, Lemettre A, Chantôme A, Champion O, Couty N, Ouldamer L, Hempel N, Trebak M, Goupille C, Potier‐Cartereau M. Plasma membrane SK2 channel activity regulates migration and chemosensitivity of high-grade serous ovarian cancer cells. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:1853-1865. [PMID: 38480668 PMCID: PMC11306528 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
Abstract
No data are currently available on the functional role of small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (SKCa) in ovarian cancer. Here, we characterized the role of SK2 (KCa2.2) in ovarian cancer cell migration and chemosensitivity. Using the selective non-cell-permeant SK2 inhibitor Lei-Dab7, we identified functional SK2 channels at the plasma membrane, regulating store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) in both cell lines tested (COV504 and OVCAR3). Silencing KCNN2 with short interfering RNA (siRNA), or blocking SK2 activity with Lei-Dab7, decreased cell migration. The more robust effect of KCNN2 knockdown compared to Lei-Dab7 treatment suggested the involvement of functional intracellular SK2 channels in both cell lines. In cells treated with lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), an ovarian cancer biomarker of progression, SK2 channels are a key player of LPA pro-migratory activity but their role in SOCE is abolished. Concerning chemotherapy, SK2 inhibition increased chemoresistance to Taxol® and low KCNN2 mRNA expression was associated with the worst prognosis for progression-free survival in patients with serous ovarian cancer. The dual roles of SK2 mean that SK2 activators could be used as an adjuvant chemotherapy to potentiate treatment efficacy and SK2 inhibitors could be administrated as monotherapy to limit cancer cell dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Romito
- Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition Croissance Cancer, Faculté de MédecineUniversité de ToursToursFrance
- Réseau Molécules Marines, Métabolisme et Cancer and Réseau CasTHOR Cancéropôle Grand OuestToursFrance
| | - Aude Lemettre
- Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition Croissance Cancer, Faculté de MédecineUniversité de ToursToursFrance
- Réseau Molécules Marines, Métabolisme et Cancer and Réseau CasTHOR Cancéropôle Grand OuestToursFrance
| | - Aurélie Chantôme
- Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition Croissance Cancer, Faculté de MédecineUniversité de ToursToursFrance
- Réseau Molécules Marines, Métabolisme et Cancer and Réseau CasTHOR Cancéropôle Grand OuestToursFrance
| | - Ophélie Champion
- Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition Croissance Cancer, Faculté de MédecineUniversité de ToursToursFrance
- Réseau Molécules Marines, Métabolisme et Cancer and Réseau CasTHOR Cancéropôle Grand OuestToursFrance
| | - Noémie Couty
- Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition Croissance Cancer, Faculté de MédecineUniversité de ToursToursFrance
- Réseau Molécules Marines, Métabolisme et Cancer and Réseau CasTHOR Cancéropôle Grand OuestToursFrance
| | - Lobna Ouldamer
- Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition Croissance Cancer, Faculté de MédecineUniversité de ToursToursFrance
- Réseau Molécules Marines, Métabolisme et Cancer and Réseau CasTHOR Cancéropôle Grand OuestToursFrance
- CHRU de Tours, Service de Gynécologie et d'ObstétriqueToursFrance
| | - Nadine Hempel
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPAUSA
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Vascular Medicine InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPAUSA
| | - Caroline Goupille
- Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition Croissance Cancer, Faculté de MédecineUniversité de ToursToursFrance
- Réseau Molécules Marines, Métabolisme et Cancer and Réseau CasTHOR Cancéropôle Grand OuestToursFrance
- CHRU de Tours, Service de Gynécologie et d'ObstétriqueToursFrance
| | - Marie Potier‐Cartereau
- Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition Croissance Cancer, Faculté de MédecineUniversité de ToursToursFrance
- Réseau Molécules Marines, Métabolisme et Cancer and Réseau CasTHOR Cancéropôle Grand OuestToursFrance
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Vitello R, Taouba H, Derand M, Liégeois JF. The Bis(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline) Alkaloids Cepharanthine and Berbamine Are Ligands of SK Channels. ACS Med Chem Lett 2024; 15:215-220. [PMID: 38352826 PMCID: PMC10860169 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cepharanthine, a multitarget alkaloid which has recently been shown to be effective against SARS-Cov-2, and berbamine, an alkaloid characterized as a calcium channel blocker, both share key structural elements with known small conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) channel blockers. These structural similarities led us to evaluate their affinity for SK channels. Therefore, we performed in vitro binding on SK2 and SK3 subtypes and highlighted micromolar to sub-micromolar affinities. Respectively, the Ki values on SK2 and SK3 are 1,318 μM and 1,091 μM for cepharanthine and 0,284 μM and 0,679 μM for berbamine. These newfound affinities correspond to the concentrations at which the alkaloids are found to be active against several pathologies. As SK interactions occur at the same levels as their therapeutic effects, there is a strong incentive to further investigate whether SK channels are involved in their pharmaceutical potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Vitello
- University of Liège (ULiège), CIRM, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Liège (4000), Belgium
| | - Hossein Taouba
- University of Liège (ULiège), CIRM, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Liège (4000), Belgium
| | - Marine Derand
- University of Liège (ULiège), CIRM, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Liège (4000), Belgium
| | - Jean-François Liégeois
- University of Liège (ULiège), CIRM, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Liège (4000), Belgium
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3
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Dupuy M, Gueguinou M, Potier-Cartereau M, Lézot F, Papin M, Chantôme A, Rédini F, Vandier C, Verrecchia F. SK Ca- and Kv1-type potassium channels and cancer: Promising therapeutic targets? Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115774. [PMID: 37678626 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Ion channels are transmembrane structures that allow the passage of ions across cell membranes such as the plasma membrane or the membranes of various organelles like the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus or mitochondria. Aberrant expression of various ion channels has been demonstrated in several tumor cells, leading to the promotion of key functions in tumor development, such as cell proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. The link between ion channels and these key biological functions that promote tumor development has led to the classification of cancers as oncochannelopathies. Among all ion channels, the most varied and numerous, forming the largest family, are the potassium channels, with over 70 genes encoding them in humans. In this context, this review will provide a non-exhaustive overview of the role of plasma membrane potassium channels in cancer, describing 1) the nomenclature and structure of potassium channels, 2) the role of these channels in the control of biological functions that promotes tumor development such as proliferation, migration and cell death, and 3) the role of two particular classes of potassium channels, the SKCa- and Kv1- type potassium channels in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryne Dupuy
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | | | | | - Frédéric Lézot
- Sorbonne University, INSERM UMR933, Hôpital Trousseau (AP-HP), Paris F-75012, France
| | - Marion Papin
- N2C UMR 1069, University of Tours, INSERM, Tours, France
| | | | - Françoise Rédini
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | | | - Franck Verrecchia
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, F-44000 Nantes, France.
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Vasileva VY, Khairullina ZM, Sudarikova AV, Chubinskiy-Nadezhdin VI. Role of Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels in Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Human Chronic Myeloid Leukemia K562 Cells. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:583. [PMID: 37367787 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13060583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-activated potassium channels (KCa) are important participants in calcium signaling pathways due to their ability to be activated by an increase in intracellular free calcium concentration. KCa channels are involved in the regulation of cellular processes in both normal and pathophysiological conditions, including oncotransformation. Previously, using patch-clamp, we registered the KCa currents in the plasma membrane of human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells, whose activity was controlled by local Ca2+ entry via mechanosensitive calcium-permeable channels. Here, we performed the molecular and functional identification of KCa channels and have uncovered their role in the proliferation, migration and invasion of K562 cells. Using a combined approach, we identified the functional activity of SK2, SK3 and IK channels in the plasma membrane of the cells. Selective SK and IK channel inhibitors, apamin and TRAM-34, respectively, reduced the proliferative, migratory and invasive capabilities of human myeloid leukemia cells. At the same time, the viability of K562 cells was not affected by KCa channel inhibitors. Ca2+ imaging showed that both SK and IK channel inhibitors affect Ca2+ entry and this could underlie the observed suppression of pathophysiological reactions of K562 cells. Our data imply that SK/IK channel inhibitors could be used to slow down the proliferation and spreading of chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells that express functionally active KCa channels in the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Y Vasileva
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Zuleikha M Khairullina
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia V Sudarikova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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Zhang H, Chen Z, Zhang A, Gupte AA, Hamilton DJ. The Role of Calcium Signaling in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031010. [PMID: 35162934 PMCID: PMC8835635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium signaling plays important roles in physiological and pathological conditions, including cutaneous melanoma, the most lethal type of skin cancer. Intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), cell membrane calcium channels, calcium related proteins (S100 family, E-cadherin, and calpain), and Wnt/Ca2+ pathways are related to melanogenesis and melanoma tumorigenesis and progression. Calcium signaling influences the melanoma microenvironment, including immune cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), the vascular network, and chemical and physical surroundings. Other ionic channels, such as sodium and potassium channels, are engaged in calcium-mediated pathways in melanoma. Calcium signaling serves as a promising pharmacological target in melanoma treatment, and its dysregulation might serve as a marker for melanoma prediction. We documented calcium-dependent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondria dysfunction, by targeting calcium channels and influencing [Ca2+]i and calcium homeostasis, and attenuated drug resistance in melanoma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Zhang
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (H.Z.); (A.Z.); (A.A.G.)
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China;
| | - Zhe Chen
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China;
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (H.Z.); (A.Z.); (A.A.G.)
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist, Weill Cornell Medicine Affiliate, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anisha A. Gupte
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (H.Z.); (A.Z.); (A.A.G.)
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist, Weill Cornell Medicine Affiliate, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dale J. Hamilton
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (H.Z.); (A.Z.); (A.A.G.)
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist, Weill Cornell Medicine Affiliate, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(713)-441-4483
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K Ca channel blockers increase effectiveness of the EGF receptor TK inhibitor erlotinib in non-small cell lung cancer cells (A549). Sci Rep 2021; 11:18330. [PMID: 34526525 PMCID: PMC8443639 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97406-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a poor prognosis with a 5 year survival rate of only ~ 10%. Important driver mutations underlying NSCLC affect the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) causing the constitutive activation of its tyrosine kinase domain. There are efficient EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), but patients develop inevitably a resistance against these drugs. On the other hand, KCa3.1 channels contribute to NSCLC progression so that elevated KCa3.1 expression is a strong predictor of poor NSCLC patient prognosis. The present study tests whether blocking KCa3.1 channels increases the sensitivity of NSCLC cells towards the EGFR TKI erlotinib and overcomes drug resistance. mRNA expression of KCa3.1 channels in erlotinib-sensitive and -resistant NSCLC cells was analysed in datasets from Gene expression omnibus (GEO) and ArrayExpress. We assessed proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells. These (live cell-imaging) experiments were complemented by patch clamp experiments and Western blot analyses. We identified three out of four datasets comparing erlotinib-sensitive and -resistant NSCLC cells which revealed an altered expression of KCa3.1 mRNA in erlotinib-resistant NSCLC cells. Therefore, we evaluated the combined effect of erlotinib and the KCa3.1 channel inhibition with sencapoc. Erlotinib elicits a dose-dependent inhibition of migration and proliferation of NSCLC cells. The simultaneous application of the KCa3.1 channel blocker senicapoc increases the sensitivity towards a low dose of erlotinib (300 nmol/L) which by itself has no effect on migration and proliferation. Partial erlotinib resistance can be overcome by KCa3.1 channel blockade. The sensitivity towards erlotinib as well as the potentiating effect of KCa3.1 blockade is further increased by mimicking hypoxia. Our results suggest that KCa3.1 channel blockade may constitute a therapeutic concept for treating NSCLC and overcome EGFR TKI resistance. We propose that this is due to complementary mechanisms of action of both blockers.
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TRPM2 Oxidation Activates Two Distinct Potassium Channels in Melanoma Cells through Intracellular Calcium Increase. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168359. [PMID: 34445066 PMCID: PMC8393965 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironments are often characterized by an increase in oxidative stress levels. We studied the response to oxidative stimulation in human primary (IGR39) or metastatic (IGR37) cell lines obtained from the same patient, performing patch-clamp recordings, intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) imaging, and RT-qPCR gene expression analysis. In IGR39 cells, chloramine-T (Chl-T) activated large K+ currents (KROS) that were partially sensitive to tetraethylammonium (TEA). A large fraction of KROS was inhibited by paxilline—a specific inhibitor of large-conductance Ca2+-activated BK channels. The TEA-insensitive component was inhibited by senicapoc—a specific inhibitor of the Ca2+-activated KCa3.1 channel. Both BK and KCa3.1 activation were mediated by an increase in [Ca2+]i induced by Chl-T. Both KROS and [Ca2+]i increase were inhibited by ACA and clotrimazole—two different inhibitors of the calcium-permeable TRPM2 channel. Surprisingly, IGR37 cells did not exhibit current increase upon the application of Chl-T. Expression analysis confirmed that the genes encoding BK, KCa3.1, and TRPM2 are much more expressed in IGR39 than in IGR37. The potassium currents and [Ca2+]i increase observed in response to the oxidizing agent strongly suggest that these three molecular entities play a major role in the progression of melanoma. Pharmacological targeting of either of these ion channels could be a new strategy to reduce the metastatic potential of melanoma cells, and could complement classical radio- or chemotherapeutic treatments.
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Yoo HY, Kim SJ. Oxygen-dependent regulation of ion channels: acute responses, post-translational modification, and response to chronic hypoxia. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:1589-1602. [PMID: 34142209 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02590-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen is a vital element for the survival of cells in multicellular aerobic organisms such as mammals. Lack of O2 availability caused by environmental or pathological conditions leads to hypoxia. Active oxygen distribution systems (pulmonary and circulatory) and their neural control mechanisms ensure that cells and tissues remain oxygenated. However, O2-carrying blood cells as well as immune and various parenchymal cells experience wide variations in partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) in vivo. Hence, the reactive modulation of the functions of the oxygen distribution systems and their ability to sense PO2 are critical. Elucidating the physiological responses of cells to variations in PO2 and determining the PO2-sensing mechanisms at the biomolecular level have attracted considerable research interest in the field of physiology. Herein, we review the current knowledge regarding ion channel-dependent oxygen sensing and associated signalling pathways in mammals. First, we present the recent findings on O2-sensing ion channels in representative chemoreceptor cells as well as in other types of cells such as immune cells. Furthermore, we highlight the transcriptional regulation of ion channels under chronic hypoxia and its physiological implications and summarize the findings of studies on the post-translational modification of ion channels under hypoxic or ischemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Young Yoo
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joon Kim
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea. .,Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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Alharbi A, Zhang Y, Parrington J. Deciphering the Role of Ca 2+ Signalling in Cancer Metastasis: From the Bench to the Bedside. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:E179. [PMID: 33430230 PMCID: PMC7825727 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic cancer is one of the major causes of cancer-related mortalities. Metastasis is a complex, multi-process phenomenon, and a hallmark of cancer. Calcium (Ca2+) is a ubiquitous secondary messenger, and it has become evident that Ca2+ signalling plays a vital role in cancer. Ca2+ homeostasis is dysregulated in physiological processes related to tumour metastasis and progression-including cellular adhesion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell migration, motility, and invasion. In this review, we looked at the role of intracellular and extracellular Ca2+ signalling pathways in processes that contribute to metastasis at the local level and also their effects on cancer metastasis globally, as well as at underlying molecular mechanisms and clinical applications. Spatiotemporal Ca2+ homeostasis, in terms of oscillations or waves, is crucial for hindering tumour progression and metastasis. They are a limited number of clinical trials investigating treating patients with advanced stages of various cancer types. Ca2+ signalling may serve as a novel hallmark of cancer due to the versatility of Ca2+ signals in cells, which suggests that the modulation of specific upstream/downstream targets may be a therapeutic approach to treat cancer, particularly in patients with metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK;
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK;
| | - John Parrington
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK;
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Tiffner A, Derler I. Molecular Choreography and Structure of Ca 2+ Release-Activated Ca 2+ (CRAC) and K Ca2+ Channels and Their Relevance in Disease with Special Focus on Cancer. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:E425. [PMID: 33333945 PMCID: PMC7765462 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10120425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ ions play a variety of roles in the human body as well as within a single cell. Cellular Ca2+ signal transduction processes are governed by Ca2+ sensing and Ca2+ transporting proteins. In this review, we discuss the Ca2+ and the Ca2+-sensing ion channels with particular focus on the structure-function relationship of the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) ion channel, the Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa2+) ion channels, and their modulation via other cellular components. Moreover, we highlight their roles in healthy signaling processes as well as in disease with a special focus on cancer. As KCa2+ channels are activated via elevations of intracellular Ca2+ levels, we summarize the current knowledge on the action mechanisms of the interplay of CRAC and KCa2+ ion channels and their role in cancer cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabella Derler
- Institute of Biophysics, JKU Life Science Center, Johannes Kepler University Linz, A-4020 Linz, Austria;
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Lin P, Li J, Ye F, Fu W, Hu X, Shao Z, Song C. KCNN4 induces multiple chemoresistance in breast cancer by regulating BCL2A1. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:3302-3315. [PMID: 33163271 PMCID: PMC7642670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug chemoresistance is a major clinical obstacle in breast cancer treatment. We aimed to elucidate the sensitivity to therapeutics in gemcitabine-resistant breast cancer models. Pooled library screening combined with RNA-seq was conducted to explore the potential targets involved in gemcitabine resistance in breast cancer cells. Cytotoxicity and tumor xenograft assays were used to evaluate the effect of calcium-activated channel subfamily N member 4 (KCNN4) inhibitors on the cellular sensitivity of breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs both in vitro and in vivo. We found that KCNN4 is an important determinant for the cytotoxicity of gemcitabine. Elevated KCNN4 expression enhanced resistance to chemotherapeutic antimetabolites and promoted cell proliferation. Conversely, silencing KCNN4 or chemical inhibition of KCNN4 by the specific inhibitor TRAM-34 inhibited the chemoresistance and cell proliferation. Mechanistically, KCNN4 upregulated BCL2-related protein A1 (BCL2A1) to suppress apoptosis by activating RAS-MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling. Moreover, high expression levels of KCNN4 and BCL2A1 were associated with shortened disease-free survival in the cohort studies. Collectively, our findings showed that KCNN4 is a key modulator of progression and drug resistance in breast cancer, indicating that targeting KCNN4 may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy to overcome multidrug chemoresistance in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhou, China
| | - Junjing Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhou, China
| | - Fugui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai, China
| | - Wenfen Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhou, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai, China
- Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai, China
| | - Zhiming Shao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
- Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai, China
| | - Chuangui Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhou, China
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Böhme I, Schönherr R, Eberle J, Bosserhoff AK. Membrane Transporters and Channels in Melanoma. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 181:269-374. [PMID: 32737752 DOI: 10.1007/112_2020_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent research has revealed that ion channels and transporters can be important players in tumor development, progression, and therapy resistance in melanoma. For example, members of the ABC family were shown to support cancer stemness-like features in melanoma cells, while several members of the TRP channel family were reported to act as tumor suppressors.Also, many transporter proteins support tumor cell viability and thus suppress apoptosis induction by anticancer therapy. Due to the high number of ion channels and transporters and the resulting high complexity of the field, progress in understanding is often focused on single molecules and is in total rather slow. In this review, we aim at giving an overview about a broad subset of ion transporters, also illustrating some aspects of the field, which have not been addressed in detail in melanoma. In context with the other chapters in this special issue on "Transportome Malfunctions in the Cancer Spectrum," a comparison between melanoma and these tumors will be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Böhme
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Roland Schönherr
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena and Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Eberle
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Skin Cancer Center Charité, University Medical Center Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Katrin Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil Fischer Center, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany.
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13
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Amador-Muñoz D, Gutiérrez ÁM, Payán-Gómez C, Matheus LM. In silico and in vitro analysis of cation-activated potassium channels in human corneal endothelial cells. Exp Eye Res 2020; 197:108114. [PMID: 32561484 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The corneal endothelium is the inner cell monolayer involved in the maintenance of corneal transparence by the generation of homeostatic dehydration. The glycosaminoglycans of the corneal stroma develop a continuous swelling pressure that should be counteracted by the corneal endothelial cells through active transport mechanisms to move the water to the anterior chamber. Protein transporters for sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl-) and bicarbonate (HCO3-) are involved in this endothelial "pump function", however despite its physiological importance, the efflux mechanism is not completely understood. There is experimental evidence describing transendothelial diffusion of water in the absence of osmotic gradients. Therefore, it is important to get a deeper understanding of alternative models that drive the fluid transport across the endothelium such as the electrochemical gradients. Three transcriptomic datasets of the corneal endothelium were used in this study to analyze the expression of genes that encode proteins that participate in the transport and the reestablishment of the membrane potential across the semipermeable endothelium. Subsequently, the expression of the identified channels was validated in vitro both at mRNA and protein levels. The results of this study provide the first evidence of the expression of KCNN2, KCNN3 and KCNT2 genes in the corneal endothelium. Differences among the level of expression of KCNN2, KCNT2 and KCNN4 genes were found in a differentially expressed gene analysis of the dataset. Taken together these results underscore the potential importance of the ionic channels in the pathophysiology of corneal diseases. Moreover, we elucidate novel mechanisms that might be involved in the pivotal dehydrating function of the endothelium and in others physiologic functions of these cells using in silico pathways analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Amador-Muñoz
- Neuroscience (NEUROS) Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 No. 63 C 69, P.O 111221, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Ángela María Gutiérrez
- Escuela Superior de Oftalmología, Instituto Barraquer de América, Calle 100 No. 18 A 51, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - César Payán-Gómez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 No. 63 C 69, Bogotá, P.O 111221, Colombia.
| | - Luisa Marina Matheus
- Neuroscience (NEUROS) Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 No. 63 C 69, P.O 111221, Bogotá, Colombia.
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14
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Abstract
The review describes molecular mechanisms for sensing oxygen levels in various compartments of animal cell. Several pathways for intracellular oxygen sensing are discussed together with details of functioning of the near-membrane and cytoplasmic pools of molecular components in hypoxic cells. The data on the role of mitochondria in cell sensitivity to a decreased oxygen content are presented. Details of mutual influence of the operational and chronic intracellular mechanisms for detecting the negative gradients of molecular oxygen concentration and their relationship with cell metabolism response to the oxidative stress are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Vjotosh
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russia. .,Lesgaft National State University of Physical Education, Sport and Health, St. Petersburg, 190121, Russia.,Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, St. Petersburg, 195067, Russia
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15
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Girault A, Ahidouch A, Ouadid-Ahidouch H. Roles for Ca 2+ and K + channels in cancer cells exposed to the hypoxic tumour microenvironment. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118644. [PMID: 31931022 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
For twenty years, ion channels have been studied in cancer progression. Several information have been collected about their involvement in cancer cellular processes like cell proliferation, motility and their participation in tumour progression using in-vivo models. Tumour microenvironment is currently the focus of many researches and the highlighting of the relationship between cancer cells and surrounding elements, is expanding. One of the major physic-chemical parameter involved in tumour progression is the hypoxia conditions observed in solid cancer. Due to their position on the cell membrane, ion channels are good candidates to transduce or to be modulated by environmental modifications. Until now, few reports have been interested in the modification of ion channel activities or expression in this context, compared to other pathological situations such as ischemia reperfusion. The aim of our review is to summarize the current knowledge about the calcium and potassium channels properties in the context of hypoxia in tumours. This review could pave the way to orientate new studies around this exciting field to obtain new potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alban Girault
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (EA 4667), Amiens, France
| | - Ahmed Ahidouch
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (EA 4667), Amiens, France; Université Ibn Zohr, Faculté des sciences, Département de Biologie, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Halima Ouadid-Ahidouch
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (EA 4667), Amiens, France.
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16
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Zhao G, Huang S, Ma S, Zhang D, Yang B, Sun J, Huang M, Lin H, Xie M. Protective effect of ferulic acid on human umbilical vein endothelial cell model of cold stress. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_631_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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17
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Iorio J, Petroni G, Duranti C, Lastraioli E. Potassium and Sodium Channels and the Warburg Effect: Biophysical Regulation of Cancer Metabolism. Bioelectricity 2019; 1:188-200. [PMID: 34471821 PMCID: PMC8370285 DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2019.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion channels are progressively emerging as a novel class of membrane proteins expressed in several types of human cancers and regulating the different aspects of cancer cell behavior. The metabolism of cancer cells, usually composed by a variable proportion of respiration, glycolysis, and glutaminolysis, leads to the excessive production of acidic metabolic products. The presence of these acidic metabolites inside the cells results in intracellular acidosis, and hinders survival and proliferation. For this reason, tumor cells activate mechanisms of pH control that produce a constitutive increase in intracellular pH (pHi) that is more acidic than the extracellular pH (pHe). This condition forms a perfect microenvironment for metastatic progression and may be permissive for some of the acquired characteristics of tumors. Recent analyses have revealed complex interconnections between oncogenic activation, ion channels, hypoxia signaling and metabolic pathways that are dysregulated in cancer. Here, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of the Warburg effect and hypoxia and their association. Moreover, we discuss the recent findings concerning the involvement of ion channels in various aspects of the Warburg effect and hypoxia, focusing on the role of Na+ and K+ channels in hypoxic and metabolic reprogramming in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Iorio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Petroni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Duranti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Lastraioli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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18
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The ion channel activator CyPPA inhibits melanogenesis via the GSK3β/β-catenin pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 300:1-7. [PMID: 30597128 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Research into materials that inhibit melanogenesis in skin has gained interest. Screening for such compounds in B16F10 cells revealed that cyclohexyl-[2-(3,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-1-yl)-6-methyl-pyrimidin-4-yl]-amine (CyPPA), a positive modulator of small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels, is a strong inhibitor of melanogenesis. We investigated the anti-melanogenic activity of CyPPA and the molecular mechanism by which CyPPA reduced melanin production in normal human melanocytes (NHM). CyPPA treatment resulted in a significant concentration-dependent reduction in melanin content without significant cytotoxicity; treatment likewise resulted in a significant time-dependent reduction in tyrosinase (TYR) activity. Treatment with CyPPA also decreased transcription of melanogenesis-related genes, including the gene encoding microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). In addition, visual evaluation of the MelanoDerm™ human skin model revealed significantly lower melanin content in the CyPPA-treated condition than in the untreated control. CyPPA was determined to modulate glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) activity, thereby leading to a decrease in β-catenin/MITF expression. Thus, CyPPA acts as a melanogenesis inhibitor by modulating the GSK3β/β-catenin/MITF pathway.
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19
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Prevarskaya N, Skryma R, Shuba Y. Ion Channels in Cancer: Are Cancer Hallmarks Oncochannelopathies? Physiol Rev 2018; 98:559-621. [PMID: 29412049 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00044.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability is a primary cause and fundamental feature of human cancer. However, all cancer cell genotypes generally translate into several common pathophysiological features, often referred to as cancer hallmarks. Although nowadays the catalog of cancer hallmarks is quite broad, the most common and obvious of them are 1) uncontrolled proliferation, 2) resistance to programmed cell death (apoptosis), 3) tissue invasion and metastasis, and 4) sustained angiogenesis. Among the genes affected by cancer, those encoding ion channels are present. Membrane proteins responsible for signaling within cell and among cells, for coupling of extracellular events with intracellular responses, and for maintaining intracellular ionic homeostasis ion channels contribute to various extents to pathophysiological features of each cancer hallmark. Moreover, tight association of these hallmarks with ion channel dysfunction gives a good reason to classify them as special type of channelopathies, namely oncochannelopathies. Although the relation of cancer hallmarks to ion channel dysfunction differs from classical definition of channelopathies, as disease states causally linked with inherited mutations of ion channel genes that alter channel's biophysical properties, in a broader context of the disease state, to which pathogenesis ion channels essentially contribute, such classification seems absolutely appropriate. In this review the authors provide arguments to substantiate such point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Prevarskaya
- INSERM U-1003, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer et LABEX, Université Lille1 , Villeneuve d'Ascq , France ; Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology and International Center of Molecular Physiology, NASU, Kyiv-24, Ukraine
| | - Roman Skryma
- INSERM U-1003, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer et LABEX, Université Lille1 , Villeneuve d'Ascq , France ; Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology and International Center of Molecular Physiology, NASU, Kyiv-24, Ukraine
| | - Yaroslav Shuba
- INSERM U-1003, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer et LABEX, Université Lille1 , Villeneuve d'Ascq , France ; Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology and International Center of Molecular Physiology, NASU, Kyiv-24, Ukraine
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20
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Kumar S, Liu X, Borondics F, Xiao Q, Feng R, Goormaghtigh E, Nikolajeff F. Insights into Biochemical Alteration in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts by using Novel Correlative Spectroscopy. ChemistryOpen 2017; 6:149-157. [PMID: 28168160 PMCID: PMC5288759 DOI: 10.1002/open.201600102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The microenvironment of a tumor changes chemically and morphologically during cancer progression. Cancer‐stimulated fibroblasts promote tumor growth, however, the mechanism of the transition to a cancer‐stimulated fibroblast remains elusive. Here, the multi‐modal spectroscopic methods Fourier transform infrared imaging (FTIRI), X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X‐ray fluorescence imaging (XFI) are used to characterize molecular and atomic alterations that occur in cancer‐stimulated fibroblasts. In addition to chemical changes in lipids (olefinic and acyl chain) and protein aggregation observed with FTIRI, a new infrared biomarker for oxidative stress in stimulated fibroblasts is reported. Oxidative stress is observed to cause lipid peroxidation, which leads to the appearance of a new band at 1721 cm−1, assigned to 4‐hydroxynonenal. Complementary to FTIRI, XFI is well suited to determining atom concentrations and XAS can reveal the speciation of individual elements. XFI reveals increased concentrations of P, S, K, Ca within stimulated fibroblasts. Furthermore, XAS studies reveal alterations in the speciation of S and Ca in stimulated fibroblasts, which might provide insight into the mechanisms of cancer progression. Using XFI, not only is the concentration change of individual elements observed, but also the subcellular localization. This study demonstrates the wealth of biochemical information provided by a multi‐modal imaging approach and highlights new avenues for future research into the microenvironment of breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saroj Kumar
- Berzelii Technology Centre for Neurodiagnostics Department of Engineering Science Uppsala University Uppsala 75105 Sweden; Department of Biophysics All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi 110029 India; Canadian Light Source Saskatoon SK S7N 2V3 Canada
| | - Xia Liu
- Canadian Light Source Saskatoon SK S7N 2V3 Canada
| | | | - Qunfeng Xiao
- Canadian Light Source Saskatoon SK S7N 2V3 Canada
| | - Renfei Feng
- Canadian Light Source Saskatoon SK S7N 2V3 Canada
| | - Erik Goormaghtigh
- Structure and Function of Biological Membranes (SFMB) Université Libre de Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Fredrik Nikolajeff
- Berzelii Technology Centre for Neurodiagnostics Department of Engineering Science Uppsala University Uppsala 75105 Sweden
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21
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Sforna L, Cenciarini M, Belia S, Michelucci A, Pessia M, Franciolini F, Catacuzzeno L. Hypoxia Modulates the Swelling-Activated Cl Current in Human Glioblastoma Cells: Role in Volume Regulation and Cell Survival. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:91-100. [PMID: 27028592 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The malignancy of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common human brain tumor, correlates with the presence of hypoxic areas, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. GBM cells express abundant Cl channels whose activity supports cell volume and membrane potential changes, ultimately leading to cell proliferation, migration, and escaping death. In non-tumor tissues Cl channels are modulated by hypoxia, which prompted us to verify whether hypoxia would also modulate Cl channels in GBM cells. Our results show that in GBM cell lines, acute application of a hypoxic solution activates a Cl current displaying the biophysical and pharmacological features of the swelling-activated Cl current (ICl,swell ). We also found that acute hypoxia increased the cell volume by about 20%, and a 30% hypertonic solution partially inhibited the hypoxia-activated Cl current, suggesting that cell swelling and the activation of the Cl current are sequential events. Notably, the hypoxia-induced cell swelling was followed by a regulatory volume decrease (RVD) mediated mainly by ICl,swell . Since, a hypoxia-induced prolonged cell swelling is usually regarded as a death insult, we hypothesized that the hypoxia-activated Cl current could limit cell swelling and prevent necrotic death of GBM cells under hypoxic conditions. In accordance, we found that the ICl,swell inhibitor DCPIB hampered the RVD process, and more importantly it sensibly increased the hypoxia-induced necrotic death in these cells. Taken together, these results suggest that Cl channels are strongly involved in the survival of GBM cells in a hypoxic environment, and may thus represent a new therapeutic target for this malignant tumor. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 91-100, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Sforna
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Marta Cenciarini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Silvia Belia
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Michelucci
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti 'G. d'Annunzio', Italy
| | - Mauro Pessia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Fabio Franciolini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Italy.
| | - Luigi Catacuzzeno
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Italy.
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22
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Zhao H, Guo E, Hu T, Sun Q, Wu J, Lin X, Luo D, Sun C, Wang C, Zhou B, Li N, Xia M, Lu H, Meng L, Xu X, Hu J, Ma D, Chen G, Zhu T. KCNN4 and S100A14 act as predictors of recurrence in optimally debulked patients with serous ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:43924-43938. [PMID: 27270322 PMCID: PMC5190068 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 50-75% of patients with serous ovarian carcinoma (SOC) experience recurrence within 18 months after first-line treatment. Current clinical indicators are inadequate for predicting the risk of recurrence. In this study, we used 7 publicly available microarray datasets to identify gene signatures related to recurrence in optimally debulked SOC patients, and validated their expressions in an independent clinic cohort of 127 patients using immunohistochemistry (IHC). We identified a two-gene signature including KCNN4 and S100A14 which was related to recurrence in optimally debulked SOC patients. Their mRNA expression levels were positively correlated and regulated by DNA copy number alterations (CNA) (KCNN4: p=1.918e-05) and DNA promotermethylation (KCNN4: p=0.0179; S100A14: p=2.787e-13). Recurrence prediction models built in the TCGA dataset based on KCNN4 and S100A14 individually and in combination showed good prediction performance in the other 6 datasets (AUC:0.5442-0.9524). The independent cohort supported the expression difference between SOC recurrences. Also, a KCNN4 and S100A14-centered protein interaction subnetwork was built from the STRING database, and the shortest regulation path between them, called the KCNN4-UBA52-KLF4-S100A14 axis, was identified. This discovery might facilitate individualized treatment of SOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Zhao
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ensong Guo
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ting Hu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jianli Wu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xingguang Lin
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Danfeng Luo
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chaoyang Sun
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Changyu Wang
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Na Li
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Meng Xia
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Li Meng
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Junbo Hu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ding Ma
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry Of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
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23
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Zhang P, Yang X, Yin Q, Yi J, Shen W, Zhao L, Zhu Z, Liu J. Inhibition of SK4 Potassium Channels Suppresses Cell Proliferation, Migration and the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154471. [PMID: 27124117 PMCID: PMC4849628 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatments for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are limited; intermediate-conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK4) channels are closely involved in tumor progression, but little is known about these channels in TNBC. We aimed to investigate whether SK4 channels affect TNBC. First, by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting (WB), increased SK4 protein expression in breast tumor tissues was detected relative to that in non-tumor breast tissues, but there was no apparent expression difference between various subtypes of breast cancer (p>0.05). Next, functional SK4 channels were detected in the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231 using WB, real-time PCR, immunofluorescence and patch-clamp recording. By employing SK4 specific siRNAs and blockers, including TRAM-34 and clotrimazole, in combination with an MTT assay, a colony-formation assay, flow cytometry and a cell motility assay, we found that the suppression of SK4 channels significantly inhibited cell proliferation and migration and promoted apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells (p<0.05). Further investigation revealed that treatment with epidermal growth factor (EGF)/basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) caused MDA-MB-231 cells to undergo the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and to show increased SK4 mRNA expression. In addition, the down-regulation of SK4 expression inhibited the EMT markers Vimentin and Snail1. Collectively, our findings suggest that SK4 channels are expressed in TNBC and are involved in the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and EMT processes of TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panshi Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qian Yin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jilin Yi
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhuang Shen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Zhu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinwen Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
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24
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Ohya S, Kito H, Hatano N, Muraki K. Recent advances in therapeutic strategies that focus on the regulation of ion channel expression. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 160:11-43. [PMID: 26896566 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A number of different ion channel types are involved in cell signaling networks, and homeostatic regulatory mechanisms contribute to the control of ion channel expression. Profiling of global gene expression using microarray technology has recently provided novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the homeostatic and pathological control of ion channel expression. It has demonstrated that the dysregulation of ion channel expression is associated with the pathogenesis of neural, cardiovascular, and immune diseases as well as cancers. In addition to the transcriptional, translational, and post-translational regulation of ion channels, potentially important evidence on the mechanisms controlling ion channel expression has recently been accumulated. The regulation of alternative pre-mRNA splicing is therefore a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of dominant-negative splicing disorders. Epigenetic modification plays a key role in various pathological conditions through the regulation of pluripotency genes. Inhibitors of pre-mRNA splicing and histone deacetyalase/methyltransferase have potential as potent therapeutic drugs for cancers and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Moreover, membrane-anchoring proteins, lysosomal and proteasomal degradation-related molecules, auxiliary subunits, and pharmacological agents alter the protein folding, membrane trafficking, and post-translational modifications of ion channels, and are linked to expression-defect channelopathies. In this review, we focused on recent insights into the transcriptional, spliceosomal, epigenetic, and proteasomal regulation of ion channel expression: Ca(2+) channels (TRPC/TRPV/TRPM/TRPA/Orai), K(+) channels (voltage-gated, KV/Ca(2+)-activated, KCa/two-pore domain, K2P/inward-rectifier, Kir), and Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channels (TMEM16A/TMEM16B). Furthermore, this review highlights expression of these ion channels in expression-defect channelopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Ohya
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Kito
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Hatano
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Muraki
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan.
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25
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Abdulkareem ZA, Gee JMW, Cox CD, Wann KT. Knockdown of the small conductance Ca(2+) -activated K(+) channels is potently cytotoxic in breast cancer cell lines. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:177-90. [PMID: 26454020 PMCID: PMC4737296 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Small conductance calcium-activated potassium (KCa 2.x) channels have a widely accepted canonical function in regulating cellular excitability. In this study, we address a potential non-canonical function of KCa 2.x channels in breast cancer cell survival, using in vitro models. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The expression of all KCa 2.x channel isoforms was initially probed using RT-PCR, Western blotting and microarray analysis in five widely studied breast cancer cell lines. In order to assess the effect of pharmacological blockade and siRNA-mediated knockdown of KCa 2.x channels on these cell lines, we utilized MTS proliferation assays and also followed the corresponding expression of apoptotic markers. KEY RESULTS All of the breast cancer cell lines, regardless of their lineage or endocrine responsiveness, were highly sensitive to KCa 2.x channel blockade. UCL1684 caused cytotoxicity, with LD50 values in the low nanomolar range, in all cell lines. The role of KCa 2.x channels was confirmed using pharmacological inhibition and siRNA-mediated knockdown. This reduced cell viability and also reduced expression of Bcl-2 but increased expression of active caspase-7 and caspase-9. Complementary to these results, a variety of cell lines can be protected from apoptosis induced by staurosporine using the KCa 2.x channel activator CyPPA. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS In addition to a well-established role for KCa 2.x channels in migration, blockade of these channels was potently cytotoxic in breast cancer cell lines, pointing to modulation of KCa 2.x channels as a potential therapeutic approach to breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia MW Gee
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffCF10 3NBUK
| | - Charles D Cox
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research InstituteDarlinghurstNSW2010Australia
| | - Kenneth T Wann
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffCF10 3NBUK
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26
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Bulk E, Ay AS, Hammadi M, Ouadid-Ahidouch H, Schelhaas S, Hascher A, Rohde C, Thoennissen NH, Wiewrodt R, Schmidt E, Marra A, Hillejan L, Jacobs AH, Klein HU, Dugas M, Berdel WE, Müller-Tidow C, Schwab A. Epigenetic dysregulation of KCa 3.1 channels induces poor prognosis in lung cancer. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:1306-17. [PMID: 25704182 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Epigenomic changes are an important feature of malignant tumors. How tumor aggressiveness is affected by DNA methylation of specific loci is largely unexplored. In genome-wide DNA methylation analyses, we identified the KCa 3.1 channel gene (KCNN4) promoter to be hypomethylated in an aggressive non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell line and in patient samples. Accordingly, KCa 3.1 expression was increased in more aggressive NSCLC cells. Both findings were strong predictors for poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. Increased KCa 3.1 expression was associated with aggressive features of NSCLC cells. Proliferation and migration of pro-metastatic NSCLC cells depended on KCa 3.1 activity. Mechanistically, elevated KCa 3.1 expression hyperpolarized the membrane potential, thereby augmenting the driving force for Ca(2+) influx. KCa 3.1 blockade strongly reduced the growth of xenografted NSCLC cells in mice as measured by positron emission tomography-computed tomography. Thus, loss of DNA methylation of the KCNN4 promoter and increased KCa 3.1 channel expression and function are mechanistically linked to poor survival of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etmar Bulk
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Anne-Sophie Ay
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, EA 4667, SFR CAP-SANTE (FED4231), UFR Sciences, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, 80039, France
| | - Mehdi Hammadi
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, EA 4667, SFR CAP-SANTE (FED4231), UFR Sciences, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, 80039, France.,Inserm U916, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, 33076, France
| | - Halima Ouadid-Ahidouch
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, EA 4667, SFR CAP-SANTE (FED4231), UFR Sciences, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, 80039, France
| | - Sonja Schelhaas
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Antje Hascher
- Department of Medicine, Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Rohde
- Department of Medicine, Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Halle (Saale), Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Nils H Thoennissen
- Department of Medicine, Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine II and Clinic (Oncology Center), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Wiewrodt
- Department of Medicine, Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Eva Schmidt
- Department of Medicine, Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Alessandro Marra
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Niels-Stensen Clinics, Ostercappeln, Germany
| | - Ludger Hillejan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Niels-Stensen Clinics, Ostercappeln, Germany
| | - Andreas H Jacobs
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Johanniter Hospital, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Klein
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Dugas
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Wolfgang E Berdel
- Department of Medicine, Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Medicine, Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Halle (Saale), Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Albrecht Schwab
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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27
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Abstract
There is an urgent need to identify novel interventions for mitigating the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy is characterized by progressive renal fibrosis, in which tubulointerstitial fibrosis has been shown to be the final common pathway of all forms of chronic progressive renal disease, including diabetic nephropathy. Therefore targeting the possible mechanisms that drive this process may provide novel therapeutics which allow the prevention and potentially retardation of the functional decline in diabetic nephropathy. Recently, the Ca2+-activated K+ channel KCa3.1 (KCa3.1) has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target for nephropathy, based on its ability to regulate Ca2+ entry into cells and modulate Ca2+-signalling processes. In the present review, we focus on the physiological role of KCa3.1 in those cells involved in the tubulointerstitial fibrosis, including proximal tubular cells, fibroblasts, inflammatory cells (T-cells and macrophages) and endothelial cells. Collectively these studies support further investigation into KCa3.1 as a therapeutic target in diabetic nephropathy.
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28
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Yu S, Xu Z, Zou C, Wu D, Wang Y, Yao X, Ng CF, Chan FL. Ion channel TRPM8 promotes hypoxic growth of prostate cancer cells via an O2 -independent and RACK1-mediated mechanism of HIF-1α stabilization. J Pathol 2014; 234:514-25. [PMID: 25065497 DOI: 10.1002/path.4413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The growth adaptation of cancer cells to a hypoxic tumour microenvironment is mostly regulated by hypoxia-induced transcription factor HIF-1. HIF-1 transcriptional activity is strictly controlled by protein levels of the HIF-1α subunit, which is tightly regulated by a well-characterized O2 -dependent ubiquitin ligase-proteasomal degradation pathway. The cold-sensitive Ca(2+) channel protein TRPM8 exhibits increased expression in advanced prostate cancer. However, its exact functional roles in prostate cancer growth regulation are unclear and controversial. In this work, we show that TRPM8 promotes in vitro hypoxic growth capacities, drug resistance, and in vivo tumourigenicity, accompanied with enhanced HIF-1α protein levels. These effects are further potentiated by TRPM8 agonists but suppressed by TRPM8 gene knockdown and blocking with antagonists or TRPM8 antibody. TRPM8-induced suppression of HIF-1α ubiquitination and enhanced HIF-1 transactivation were attenuated by forced RACK1 expression and TRPM8 overexpression reduced phospho-RACK1 levels, thus affecting its dimerization status, and promoted RACK1 binding to HIF-1α and calcineurin. These data indicate that TRPM8-induced increase of HIF-1α protein in hypoxia- or normoxia-exposed prostate cancer cells was mediated through a newly characterized Ca(2+) -dependent but O2 -independent mechanism involving binding of RACK1 to HIF-1α and RACK1-mediated ubiquitination of HIF-1α. Collectively, our study not only provides a mechanistic insight into how TRPM8 promotes the hypoxic growth adaptation of cancer cells via its promotion of RACK1-mediated stabilization of HIF-1α but also suggests a potential therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer by targeting TRPM8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Yu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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29
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Nielsen N, Lindemann O, Schwab A. TRP channels and STIM/ORAI proteins: sensors and effectors of cancer and stroma cell migration. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:5524-40. [PMID: 24724725 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cancer cells are strongly influenced by host cells within the tumour stroma and vice versa. This leads to the development of a tumour microenvironment with distinct physical and chemical properties that are permissive for tumour progression. The ability to migrate plays a central role in this mutual interaction. Migration of cancer cells is considered as a prerequisite for tumour metastasis and the migration of host stromal cells is required for reaching the tumour site. Increasing evidence suggests that transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and STIM/ORAI proteins affect key calcium-dependent mechanisms implicated in both cancer and stroma cell migration. These include, among others, cytoskeletal remodelling, growth factor/cytokine signalling and production, and adaptation to tumour microenvironmental properties such as hypoxia and oxidative stress. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge regarding TRP channels and STIM/ORAI proteins in cancer and stroma cell migration. We focus on how TRP channel or STIM/ORAI-mediated Ca(2+) signalling directly or indirectly influences cancer and stroma cell migration by affecting the above listed mechanisms. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Cytoskeleton, Extracellular Matrix, Cell Migration, Wound Healing and Related Topics. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2014.171.issue-24.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Nielsen
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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30
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Pier DM, Shehatou GSG, Giblett S, Pullar CE, Trezise DJ, Pritchard CA, Challiss RAJ, Mitcheson JS. Long-term channel block is required to inhibit cellular transformation by human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG1) potassium channels. Mol Pharmacol 2014; 86:211-21. [PMID: 24830940 DOI: 10.1124/mol.113.091439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Both human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG1) and the closely related human ether-à-go-go (hEAG1) channel are aberrantly expressed in a large proportion of human cancers. In the present study, we demonstrate that transfection of hERG1 into mouse fibroblasts is sufficient to induce many features characteristic of malignant transformation. An important finding of this work is that this transformation could be reversed by chronic incubation (for 2-3 weeks) with the hERG channel blocker dofetilide (100 nM), whereas more acute applications (for 1-2 days) were ineffective. The hERG1 expression resulted in a profound loss of cell contact inhibition, multiple layers of overgrowing cells, and high saturation densities. Cells also changed from fibroblast-like to a more spindle-shaped morphology, which was associated with a smaller cell size, a dramatic increase in cell polarization, a reduction in the number of actin stress fibers, and less punctate labeling of focal adhesions. Analysis of single-cell migration and scratch-wound closure clearly demonstrated that hERG1-expressing cells migrated more rapidly than vector-transfected control cells. In contrast to previous studies on hEAG1, there were no increases in rates of proliferation, or loss of growth factor dependency; however, hERG1-expressing cells were capable of substrate-independent growth. Allogeneic transplantation of hERG1-expressing cells into nude mice resulted in an increased incidence of tumors. In contrast to hEAG1, the mechanism of cellular transformation is dependent on ion conduction. Trafficking-deficient and conduction-deficient hERG1 mutants also prevented cellular transformation. These results provide evidence that hERG1 expression is sufficient to induce cellular transformation by a mechanism distinct from hEAG1. The most important conclusion of this study is that selective hERG1 channel blockers have therapeutic potential in the treatment of hERG1-expressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Pier
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - George S G Shehatou
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - Susan Giblett
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - Christine E Pullar
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - Derek J Trezise
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - Catrin A Pritchard
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - R A John Challiss
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
| | - John S Mitcheson
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pharmacology (D.M.P., G.S.G.S., C.E.P., R.A.J.C., J.S.M.) and Department of Biochemistry (S.G., C.A.P.), University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Harlow, Essex, United Kingdom (D.J.T.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mansoura, Egypt (G.S.G.S.); Essen Bioscience Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK (D.J.T.); School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.M.P.)
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31
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Ramírez-Cordero B, Toledano Y, Cano-Sánchez P, Hernández-López R, Flores-Solis D, Saucedo-Yáñez AL, Chávez-Uribe I, Brieba LG, del Río-Portilla F. Cytotoxicity of recombinant tamapin and related toxin-like peptides on model cell lines. Chem Res Toxicol 2014; 27:960-7. [PMID: 24821061 DOI: 10.1021/tx4004193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The scorpion toxin tamapin displays the most potent and selective blockage against KCa2.2 channels known to date. In this work, we report the biosynthesis, three-dimensional structure, and cytotoxicity on cancer cell lines (Jurkat E6-1 and human mammary breast cancer MDA-MB-231) of recombinant tamapin and five related peptides bearing mutations on residues (R6A,R7A, R13A, R6A-R7A, and GS-tamapin) that were previously suggested to be important for tamapin's activity. The indicated cell lines were used as they constitutively express KCa2.2 channels. The studied toxin-like peptides displayed lethal responses on Jurkat T cells and breast cancer cells; their effect is dose- and time-dependent with IC50 values in the nanomolar range. The order of potency is r-tamapin>GS-tamapin>R6A>R13A>R6A-R7A>R7A for Jurkat T cells and r-tamapin>R7A for MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Our structural determination by NMR demonstrated that r-tamapin preserves the folding of the αKTx5 subfamily and that neither single nor double alanine mutations affect the three-dimensional structure of the wild-type peptide. In contrast, our activity assays show that changes in cytotoxicity are related to the chemical nature of certain residues. Our results suggest that the toxic activity of r-tamapin on Jurkat and breast cancer cells could be mediated by the interaction of charged residues in tamapin with KCa2.2 channels via the apoptotic cell death pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Ramírez-Cordero
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n, México, D.F. 04510, México
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32
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The Andean adaptive toolkit to counteract high altitude maladaptation: genome-wide and phenotypic analysis of the Collas. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93314. [PMID: 24686296 PMCID: PMC3970967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
During their migrations out of Africa, humans successfully colonised and adapted to a wide range of habitats, including extreme high altitude environments, where reduced atmospheric oxygen (hypoxia) imposes a number of physiological challenges. This study evaluates genetic and phenotypic variation in the Colla population living in the Argentinean Andes above 3500 m and compares it to the nearby lowland Wichí group in an attempt to pinpoint evolutionary mechanisms underlying adaptation to high altitude hypoxia. We genotyped 730,525 SNPs in 25 individuals from each population. In genome-wide scans of extended haplotype homozygosity Collas showed the strongest signal around VEGFB, which plays an essential role in the ischemic heart, and ELTD1, another gene crucial for heart development and prevention of cardiac hypertrophy. Moreover, pathway enrichment analysis showed an overrepresentation of pathways associated with cardiac morphology. Taken together, these findings suggest that Colla highlanders may have evolved a toolkit of adaptative mechanisms resulting in cardiac reinforcement, most likely to counteract the adverse effects of the permanently increased haematocrit and associated shear forces that characterise the Andean response to hypoxia. Regulation of cerebral vascular flow also appears to be part of the adaptive response in Collas. These findings are not only relevant to understand the evolution of hypoxia protection in high altitude populations but may also suggest new avenues for medical research into conditions where hypoxia constitutes a detrimental factor.
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Chou CC, Lunn CA, Murgolo NJ. KCa3.1: target and marker for cancer, autoimmune disorder and vascular inflammation? Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 8:179-87. [DOI: 10.1586/14737159.8.2.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Stock C, Ludwig FT, Hanley PJ, Schwab A. Roles of ion transport in control of cell motility. Compr Physiol 2013; 3:59-119. [PMID: 23720281 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c110056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell motility is an essential feature of life. It is essential for reproduction, propagation, embryonic development, and healing processes such as wound closure and a successful immune defense. If out of control, cell motility can become life-threatening as, for example, in metastasis or autoimmune diseases. Regardless of whether ciliary/flagellar or amoeboid movement, controlled motility always requires a concerted action of ion channels and transporters, cytoskeletal elements, and signaling cascades. Ion transport across the plasma membrane contributes to cell motility by affecting the membrane potential and voltage-sensitive ion channels, by inducing local volume changes with the help of aquaporins and by modulating cytosolic Ca(2+) and H(+) concentrations. Voltage-sensitive ion channels serve as voltage detectors in electric fields thus enabling galvanotaxis; local swelling facilitates the outgrowth of protrusions at the leading edge while local shrinkage accompanies the retraction of the cell rear; the cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration exerts its main effect on cytoskeletal dynamics via motor proteins such as myosin or dynein; and both, the intracellular and the extracellular H(+) concentration modulate cell migration and adhesion by tuning the activity of enzymes and signaling molecules in the cytosol as well as the activation state of adhesion molecules at the cell surface. In addition to the actual process of ion transport, both, channels and transporters contribute to cell migration by being part of focal adhesion complexes and/or physically interacting with components of the cytoskeleton. The present article provides an overview of how the numerous ion-transport mechanisms contribute to the various modes of cell motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Stock
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
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35
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Klapperstück T, Glanz D, Hanitsch S, Klapperstück M, Markwardt F, Wohlrab J. Calibration procedures for the quantitative determination of membrane potential in human cells using anionic dyes. Cytometry A 2013; 83:612-26. [PMID: 23650268 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative determinations of the cell membrane potential of lymphocytes (Wilson et al., J Cell Physiol 1985;125:72-81) and thymocytes (Krasznai et al., J Photochem Photobiol B 1995;28:93-99) using the anionic dye DiBAC4 (3) proved that dye depletion in the extracellular medium as a result of cellular uptake can be negligible over a wide range of cell densities. In contrast, most flow cytometric studies have not verified this condition but rather assumed it from the start. Consequently, the initially prepared extracellular dye concentration has usually been used for the calculation of the Nernst potential of the dye. In this study, however, external dye depletion could be observed in both large IGR-1 and small LCL-HO cells under experimental conditions, which have often been applied routinely in spectrofluorimetry and flow cytometry. The maximum cell density at which dye depletion could be virtually avoided was dependent on cell size and membrane potential and definitely needed to be taken into account to ensure reliable results. In addition, accepted calibration procedures based on the partition of sodium and potassium (Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation) or potassium alone (Nernst equation) were performed by flow cytometry on cell suspensions with an appropriately low cell density. The observed extensive lack of concordance between the correspondingly calculated membrane potential and the equilibrium potential of DiBAC4 (3) revealed that these methods require the additional measurement of cation parameters (membrane permeability and/or intracellular concentration). In contrast, due to the linear relation between fluorescence and low DiBAC4 (3) concentrations, the Nernst potential of the dye for totally depolarized cells can be reliably used for calibration with an essentially lower effort and expense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Klapperstück
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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36
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Schwab A, Fabian A, Hanley PJ, Stock C. Role of ion channels and transporters in cell migration. Physiol Rev 2013; 92:1865-913. [PMID: 23073633 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00018.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell motility is central to tissue homeostasis in health and disease, and there is hardly any cell in the body that is not motile at a given point in its life cycle. Important physiological processes intimately related to the ability of the respective cells to migrate include embryogenesis, immune defense, angiogenesis, and wound healing. On the other side, migration is associated with life-threatening pathologies such as tumor metastases and atherosclerosis. Research from the last ≈ 15 years revealed that ion channels and transporters are indispensable components of the cellular migration apparatus. After presenting general principles by which transport proteins affect cell migration, we will discuss systematically the role of channels and transporters involved in cell migration.
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37
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Increased microglia/macrophage gene expression in a subset of adult and pediatric astrocytomas. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43339. [PMID: 22937035 PMCID: PMC3425586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant brain tumor with a dismal prognosis. Gene expression profiling of GBM has revealed clinically relevant tumor subtypes, and this provides exciting opportunities to better understand disease pathogenesis. Results from an increasing number of studies demonstrate a role for the immune response in cancer progression, yet it is unclear how the immune response differs across tumor subtypes and how it affects outcome. Utilizing gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas Project and the Gene Expression Omnibus database, we demonstrate an enrichment of immune response-related gene expression in the mesenchymal subtype of adult GBM (n = 173) and pediatric high-grade gliomas (n = 53). In an independent cohort of pediatric astrocytomas (n = 24) from UCSF, we stratified tumors into subtypes and confirmed these findings. Using novel immune cell-specific gene signatures we demonstrate selective enrichment of microglia/macrophage-related genes in adult and pediatric GBM tumors of the mesenchymal subtype. Furthermore, immunostaining of adult GBM tumors showed significantly higher cell numbers of microglia/macrophages in mesenchymal versus non-mesenchymal tumors (p = 0.04). Interestingly, adult GBM tumors with the shortest survival had significant enrichment of microglia/macrophage-related genes but this was not true for pediatric GBMs. Consistent with an association with poor outcome, immune response-related genes were highly represented in an adult poor prognosis gene signature, with the expression of genes related to macrophage recruitment and activation being most strongly associated with survival (p<0.05) using CoxBoost multivariate modeling. Using a microglia/macrophage high gene signature derived from quantification of tumor-infiltrating cells in adult GBM, we identified enrichment of genes characteristic of CD4 T cells, granulocytes, and microglia/macrophages (n = 573). These studies support a role for the immune response, particularly the microglia/macrophage response, in the biology of an important subset of GBM. Identification of this subset may be important for future therapeutic stratification.
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Immunohistochemical expression of VEGF, HIF1-a, and PlGF in malignant melanomas and dysplastic nevi. Melanoma Res 2012; 21:389-94. [PMID: 21876459 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0b013e328347ee33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), placental growth factor (PlGF), and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-a (HIF1-a) in melanoma angiogenesis and investigated their expression in dysplastic nevi, as potential melanoma precursors. In addition, we examined a possible correlation of VEGF expression with PlGF and HIF1-a. These factors were detected immunohistochemically in 95 melanomas of all types and stages and in 28 dysplastic nevi. We used 10 intradermal melanocytic nevi as controls. HIF1-a was expressed in 93 out of 95 (97.89%) melanomas and in none of the dysplastic or control nevi. HIF1-a expression was more intense in melanocytes around necrotic areas but did not correlate with melanoma type, the Clark staging or the Breslow thickness. A strong positive association was detected between HIF1-a and VEGF expression in all cases. VEGF was detected in 82 out of 95 (86.31%) melanomas and in 21 out of 28 (75%) dysplastic nevi, whereas it was expressed weakly in neoplastic cells of the controls. Its expression was more intense in melanomas, especially in nodular melanomas of elevated stage and thickness. PIGF was detected in 46 out of 95 (48.42%) melanomas and in none of the nevi. Expression did not correlate with melanoma staging nor thickness; however, it was more intense in superficial spreading melanomas, where a weak positive association between VEGF and PlGF was also detected. There was no association between HIF1-a and PlGF in any melanoma type. Hypoxia, through the expression of HIF1-a, plays a key role in melanoma progression; it activates VEGF secretion, which induces angiogenesis and metastasis. The role of PlGF seems to be limited.
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Abstract
Ion channels are involved in a variety of tumors. In particular, potassium channels are expressed abnormally in many cancer types, where their pharmacologic manipulation impairs tumor progression. Since this group of molecules has been successfully targeted for decades in other therapeutic areas, there is a significant body of knowledge on the pharmacology of potassium channels. Several groups of potassium channels with defined molecular identities have been proposed as candidates for therapeutic intervention. The strategies put forward range from classical small molecule blockade to gene therapy approaches, and include the use of potassium channels as targets for adjuvant therapy. We will discuss the reasons for these proposals and explore possible future developments.
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Chen Y, Luo F, Luo S, Wu Z, Zhou J. The augmenter of liver regeneration protects the kidneys after orthotopic liver transplantation possibly by upregulating HIF-1α and O2-sensitive K+ channels. Surg Today 2011; 41:382-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00595-010-4282-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Tajima N, Itokazu Y, Korpi ER, Somerharju P, Käkelä R. Activity of BK(Ca) channel is modulated by membrane cholesterol content and association with Na+/K+-ATPase in human melanoma IGR39 cells. J Biol Chem 2010; 286:5624-38. [PMID: 21135099 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.149898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction of large conductance Ca(2+)- and voltage-activated K(+) (BK(Ca)) channels with Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, caveolin-1, and cholesterol was studied in human melanoma IGR39 cells. Functional BK(Ca) channels were enriched in caveolin-rich and detergent-resistant membranes, i.e. rafts, and blocking of the channels by a specific BK(Ca) blocker paxilline reduced proliferation of the cells. Disruption of rafts by selective depletion of cholesterol released BK(Ca) channels from these domains with a consequent increase in their activity. Consistently, cholesterol enrichment of the cells increased the proportion of BK(Ca) channels in rafts and decreased their activity. Immunocytochemical analysis showed that BK(Ca) channels co-localize with Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase in a cholesterol-dependent manner, thus suggesting their co-presence in rafts. Supporting this, ouabain, a specific blocker of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, inhibited BK(Ca) whole-cell current markedly in control cells but not in cholesterol-depleted ones. This inhibition required the presence of external Na(+). Collectively, these data indicate that the presence of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase in rafts is essential for efficient functioning of BK(Ca) channels, presumably because the pump maintains a low intracellular Na(+) proximal to the BK(Ca) channel. In conclusion, cholesterol could play an important role in cellular ion homeostasis and thus modulate many cellular functions and cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyoshi Tajima
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
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Mazar J, DeYoung K, Khaitan D, Meister E, Almodovar A, Goydos J, Ray A, Perera RJ. The regulation of miRNA-211 expression and its role in melanoma cell invasiveness. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13779. [PMID: 21072171 PMCID: PMC2967468 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The immediate molecular mechanisms behind invasive melanoma are poorly understood. Recent studies implicate microRNAs (miRNAs) as important agents in melanoma and other cancers. To investigate the role of miRNAs in melanoma, we subjected human melanoma cell lines to miRNA expression profiling, and report a range of variations in several miRNAs. Specifically, compared with expression levels in melanocytes, levels of miR-211 were consistently reduced in all eight non-pigmented melanoma cell lines we examined; they were also reduced in 21 out of 30 distinct melanoma samples from patients, classified as primary in situ, regional metastatic, distant metastatic, and nodal metastatic. The levels of several predicted target mRNAs of miR-211 were reduced in melanoma cell lines that ectopically expressed miR-211. In vivo target cleavage assays confirmed one such target mRNA encoded by KCNMA1. Mutating the miR-211 binding site seed sequences at the KCNMA1 3'-UTR abolished target cleavage. KCNMA1 mRNA and protein expression levels varied inversely with miR-211 levels. Two different melanoma cell lines ectopically expressing miR-211 exhibited significant growth inhibition and reduced invasiveness compared with the respective parental melanoma cell lines. An shRNA against KCNMA1 mRNA also demonstrated similar effects on melanoma cells. miR-211 is encoded within the sixth intron of TRPM1, a candidate suppressor of melanoma metastasis. The transcription factor MITF, important for melanocyte development and function, is needed for high TRPM1 expression. MITF is also needed for miR-211 expression, suggesting that the tumor-suppressor activities of MITF and/or TRPM1 may at least partially be due to miR-211's negative post transcriptional effects on the KCNMA1 transcript. Given previous reports of high KCNMA1 levels in metastasizing melanoma, prostate cancer and glioma, our findings that miR-211 is a direct posttranscriptional regulator of KCNMA1 expression as well as the dependence of this miRNA's expression on MITF activity, establishes miR-211 as an important regulatory agent in human melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Mazar
- Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Katherine DeYoung
- Curtis and Elizabeth Anderson Cancer Institute, Savannah, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Divya Khaitan
- Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Edward Meister
- Curtis and Elizabeth Anderson Cancer Institute, Savannah, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Alvin Almodovar
- Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - James Goydos
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Animesh Ray
- Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont, California, United States of America
| | - Ranjan J. Perera
- Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
- Curtis and Elizabeth Anderson Cancer Institute, Savannah, Georgia, United States of America
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Migration-associated secretion of melanoma inhibitory activity at the cell rear is supported by KCa3.1 potassium channels. Cell Res 2010; 20:1224-38. [DOI: 10.1038/cr.2010.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Khaitan D, Sankpal UT, Weksler B, Meister EA, Romero IA, Couraud PO, Ningaraj NS. Role of KCNMA1 gene in breast cancer invasion and metastasis to brain. BMC Cancer 2009; 9:258. [PMID: 19640305 PMCID: PMC2727533 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2008] [Accepted: 07/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis for patients with breast tumor metastases to brain is extremely poor. Identification of prognostic molecular markers of the metastatic process is critical for designing therapeutic modalities for reducing the occurrence of metastasis. Although ubiquitously present in most human organs, large-conductance calcium- and voltage-activated potassium channel (BKCa) channels are significantly upregulated in breast cancer cells. In this study we investigated the role of KCNMA1 gene that encodes for the pore-forming alpha-subunit of BKCa channels in breast cancer metastasis and invasion. METHODS We performed Global exon array to study the expression of KCNMA1 in metastatic breast cancer to brain, compared its expression in primary breast cancer and breast cancers metastatic to other organs, and validated the findings by RT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry was performed to study the expression and localization of BKCa channel protein in primary and metastatic breast cancer tissues and breast cancer cell lines. We performed matrigel invasion, transendothelial migration and membrane potential assays in established lines of normal breast cells (MCF-10A), non-metastatic breast cancer (MCF-7), non-brain metastatic breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231), and brain-specific metastatic breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-361) to study whether BKCa channel inhibition attenuates breast tumor invasion and metastasis using KCNMA1 knockdown with siRNA and biochemical inhibition with Iberiotoxin (IBTX). RESULTS The Global exon array and RT-PCR showed higher KCNMA1 expression in metastatic breast cancer in brain compared to metastatic breast cancers in other organs. Our results clearly show that metastatic breast cancer cells exhibit increased BKCa channel activity, leading to greater invasiveness and transendothelial migration, both of which could be attenuated by blocking KCNMA1. CONCLUSION Determining the relative abundance of BKCa channel expression in breast cancer metastatic to brain and the mechanism of its action in brain metastasis will provide a unique opportunity to identify and differentiate between low grade breast tumors that are at high risk for metastasis from those at low risk for metastasis. This distinction would in turn allow for the appropriate and efficient application of effective treatments while sparing patients with low risk for metastasis from the toxic side effects of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Khaitan
- Department of Laboratory Oncology Research, Curtis and Elizabeth Anderson Cancer Institute, Hoskins Center for Biomedical Research, Savannah, Georgia 31404, USA.
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Activation of cell migration with fibroblast growth factor-2 requires calcium-sensitive potassium channels. Pflugers Arch 2008; 456:813-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-008-0452-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2007] [Accepted: 01/11/2008] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Whitman EM, Pisarcik S, Luke T, Fallon M, Wang J, Sylvester JT, Semenza GL, Shimoda LA. Endothelin-1 mediates hypoxia-induced inhibition of voltage-gated K+ channel expression in pulmonary arterial myocytes. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2007; 294:L309-18. [PMID: 18065659 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00091.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolonged exposure to decreased oxygen tension causes contraction and proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and pulmonary hypertension. Hypoxia-induced inhibition of voltage-gated K(+) (K(v)) channels may contribute to the development of pulmonary hypertension by increasing intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)). The peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been implicated in the development of pulmonary hypertension and acutely decreases K(v) channel activity. ET-1 also activates several transcription factors, although whether ET-1 alters K(V) channel expression is unclear. The hypoxic induction of ET-1 is regulated by the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which we demonstrated to regulate hypoxia-induced decreases in K(V) channel activity. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that HIF-1-dependent increases in ET-1 lead to decreased K(v) channel expression and subsequent elevation in [Ca(2+)](i). Resting [Ca(2+)](i) and K(v) channel expression were measured in cells exposed to control (18% O(2), 5% CO(2)) and hypoxic (4% O(2), 5% CO(2)) conditions. Hypoxia caused a decrease in expression of K(v)1.5 and K(v)2.1 and a significant increase in resting [Ca(2+)](i). The increase in [Ca(2+)](i) was reduced by nifedipine, an inhibitor of voltage-dependent calcium channels, and removal of extracellular calcium. Treatment with BQ-123, an ET-1 receptor inhibitor, prevented the hypoxia-induced decrease in K(v) channel expression and blunted the hypoxia-induced increase in [Ca(2+)](i) in PASMCs, whereas ET-1 mimicked the effects of hypoxia. Both hypoxia and overexpression of HIF-1 under normoxic conditions increased ET-1 expression. These results suggest that the inhibition of K(v) channel expression and rise in [Ca(2+)](i) during chronic hypoxia may be the result of HIF-1-dependent induction of ET-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Miles Whitman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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Schwab A, Nechyporuk-Zloy V, Fabian A, Stock C. Cells move when ions and water flow. Pflugers Arch 2006; 453:421-32. [PMID: 17021798 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-006-0138-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2006] [Accepted: 07/09/2006] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cell migration is a process that plays an important role throughout the entire life span. It starts early on during embryogenesis and contributes to shaping our body. Migrating cells are involved in maintaining the integrity of our body, for instance, by defending it against invading pathogens. On the other side, migration of tumor cells may have lethal consequences when tumors spread metastatically. Thus, there is a strong interest in unraveling the cellular mechanisms underlying cell migration. The purpose of this review is to illustrate the functional importance of ion and water channels as part of the cellular migration machinery. Ion and water flow is required for optimal migration, and the inhibition or genetic ablation of channels leads to a marked impairment of migration. We briefly touch cytoskeletal mechanisms of migration as well as cell-matrix interactions. We then present some general principles by which channels can affect cell migration before we discuss each channel group separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albrecht Schwab
- Institut für Physiologie II, Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27b, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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