1
|
Chan DD, Guilak F, Sah RL, Calve S. Mechanobiology of Hyaluronan: Connecting Biomechanics and Bioactivity in Musculoskeletal Tissues. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2024; 26:25-47. [PMID: 38166186 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-073123-120541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) plays well-recognized mechanical and biological roles in articular cartilage and synovial fluid, where it contributes to tissue structure and lubrication. An understanding of how HA contributes to the structure of other musculoskeletal tissues, including muscle, bone, tendon, and intervertebral discs, is growing. In addition, the use of HA-based therapies to restore damaged tissue is becoming more prevalent. Nevertheless, the relationship between biomechanical stimuli and HA synthesis, degradation, and signaling in musculoskeletal tissues remains understudied, limiting the utility of HA in regenerative medicine. In this review, we discuss the various roles and significance of endogenous HA in musculoskeletal tissues. We use what is known and unknown to motivate new lines of inquiry into HA biology within musculoskeletal tissues and in the mechanobiology governing HA metabolism by suggesting questions that remain regarding the relationship and interaction between biological and mechanical roles of HA in musculoskeletal health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deva D Chan
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA;
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Robert L Sah
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sarah Calve
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Iaconisi GN, Gallo N, Caforio L, Ricci V, Fiermonte G, Della Tommasa S, Bernetti A, Dolce V, Farì G, Capobianco L. Clinical and Biochemical Implications of Hyaluronic Acid in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation: A Comprehensive Review. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1647. [PMID: 38138874 PMCID: PMC10744407 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13121647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) naturally occurs as a biopolymer in the human body, primarily in connective tissues like joints and skin. Functioning as a vital element of synovial fluid, it lubricates joints, facilitating fluid movement and diminishing bone friction to protect articular well-being. Its distinctive attributes encompass notable viscosity and water retention capacities, ensuring flexibility and absorbing shock during motion. Furthermore, HA has gained significant attention for its potential benefits in various medical applications, including rehabilitation. Ongoing research explores its properties and functions, especially its biomedical applications in several clinical trials, with a focus on its role in improving rehabilitation outcomes. But the clinical and biochemical implications of HA in musculoskeletal rehabilitation have yet to be fully explored. This review thoroughly investigates the properties and functions of HA while highlighting its biomedical applications in different clinical trials, with a special emphasis on its role in rehabilitation. The presented findings provide evidence that HA, as a natural substance, enhances the outcomes of musculoskeletal rehabilitation through its exceptional mechanical and biochemical effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Natalia Iaconisi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (G.N.I.); (A.B.)
| | - Nunzia Gallo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Laura Caforio
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Ricci
- Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Fiermonte
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Simone Della Tommasa
- Department for Horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, 04109 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Andrea Bernetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (G.N.I.); (A.B.)
| | - Vincenza Dolce
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Farì
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Loredana Capobianco
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (G.N.I.); (A.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Thompson CL, Hopkins T, Bevan C, Screen HRC, Wright KT, Knight MM. Human vascularised synovium-on-a-chip: a mechanically stimulated, microfluidic model to investigate synovial inflammation and monocyte recruitment. Biomed Mater 2023; 18:065013. [PMID: 37703884 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/acf976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Healthy synovium is critical for joint homeostasis. Synovial inflammation (synovitis) is implicated in the onset, progression and symptomatic presentation of arthritic joint diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Thus, the synovium is a promising target for the development of novel, disease-modifying therapeutics. However, target exploration is hampered by a lack of good pre-clinical models that accurately replicate human physiology and that are developed in a way that allows for widespread uptake. The current study presents a multi-channel, microfluidic, organ-on-a-chip (OOAC) model, comprising a 3D configuration of the human synovium and its associated vasculature, with biomechanical and inflammatory stimulation, built upon a commercially available OOAC platform. Healthy human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (hFLS) were co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with appropriate matrix proteins, separated by a flexible, porous membrane. The model was developed within the Emulate organ-chip platform enabling the application of physiological biomechanical stimulation in the form of fluid shear and cyclic tensile strain. The hFLS exhibited characteristic morphology, cytoskeletal architecture and matrix protein deposition. Synovial inflammation was initiated through the addition of interleukin-1β(IL-1β) into the synovium channel resulting in the increased secretion of inflammatory and catabolic mediators, interleukin-6 (IL-6), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1), as well as the synovial fluid constituent protein, hyaluronan. Enhanced expression of the inflammatory marker, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), was observed in HUVECs in the vascular channel, accompanied by increased attachment of circulating monocytes. This vascularised human synovium-on-a-chip model recapitulates a number of the functional characteristics of both healthy and inflamed human synovium. Thus, this model offers the first human synovium organ-chip suitable for widespread adoption to understand synovial joint disease mechanisms, permit the identification of novel therapeutic targets and support pre-clinical testing of therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clare L Thompson
- Centre for Predictive In Vitro Models, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Hopkins
- Centre for Predictive In Vitro Models, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Shropshire, United Kingdom
| | - Catrin Bevan
- Centre for Predictive In Vitro Models, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hazel R C Screen
- Centre for Predictive In Vitro Models, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karina T Wright
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Shropshire, United Kingdom
| | - Martin M Knight
- Centre for Predictive In Vitro Models, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Roggio F, Petrigna L, Trovato B, Di Rosa M, Musumeci G. The Role of Lubricin, Irisin and Exercise in the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065126. [PMID: 36982198 PMCID: PMC10049370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative musculoskeletal disease that worsens with age and is defined by pathological alterations in joint components. All clinical treatment recommendations for osteoarthritis promote exercise, although precise molecular pathways are unclear. The purpose of this study was to critically analyze the research on lubricin and irisin and how they relate to healthy and diseased joint tissue. Our research focused specifically on exercise strategies and offered new perspectives for future potential osteoarthritis treatment plans. Although lubricin and irisin have only recently been discovered, there is evidence that they have an impact on cartilage homeostasis. A crucial component of cartilage lubrication and integrity, lubricin is a surface-active mucinous glycoprotein released by the synovial joint. Its expression increases with joint movement. In healthy joints, lubricin molecules cover the cartilage surface to lubricate the boundary of the joint and inhibit protein and cell attachment. Patients with joint trauma, inflammatory arthritis, or genetically mediated lubricin deficiency, who do not produce enough lubricin to protect the articular cartilage, develop arthropathy. Irisin, sometimes known as the "sports hormone", is a myokine secreted primarily by skeletal muscle. It is a physiologically active protein that can enter the circulation as an endocrine factor, and its synthesis and secretion are primarily triggered by exercise-induced muscle contraction. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus using the appropriate keywords to identify the most recent research. The studies considered advance our knowledge of the role that exercise plays in the fight against osteoarthritis, serve as a valuable resource, and support the advancement of osteoarthritis prevention and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Roggio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Petrigna
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Bruno Trovato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Research Center on Motor Activities (CRAM), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Department of Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pellicore MJ, Gangi LR, Murphy LA, Lee AJ, Jacobsen T, Kenawy HM, Shah RP, Chahine NO, Ateshian GA, Hung CT. Toward defining the role of the synovium in mitigating normal articular cartilage wear and tear. J Biomech 2023; 148:111472. [PMID: 36753853 PMCID: PMC10295808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage repair has been studied extensively in the context of injury and disease, but the joint's management of regular sub-injurious damage to cartilage, or 'wear and tear,' which occurs due to normal activity, is poorly understood. We hypothesize that this cartilage maintenance is mediated in part by cells derived from the synovium that migrate to the worn articular surface. Here, we demonstrate in vitro that the early steps required for such a process can occur. First, we show that under physiologic mechanical loads, chondrocyte death occurs in the cartilage superficial zone along with changes to the cartilage surface topography. Second, we show that synoviocytes are released from the synovial lining under physiologic loads and attach to worn cartilage. Third, we show that synoviocytes parachuted onto a simulated or native cartilage surface will modify their behavior. Specifically, we show that synoviocyte interactions with chondrocytes lead to changes in synoviocyte mechanosensitivity, and we demonstrate that cartilage-attached synoviocytes can express COL2A1, a hallmark of the chondrogenic phenotype. Our findings suggest that synoviocyte-mediated repair of cartilage 'wear and tear' as a component of joint homeostasis is feasible and is deserving of future study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Pellicore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lianna R Gangi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lance A Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andy J Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Timothy Jacobsen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hagar M Kenawy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roshan P Shah
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nadeen O Chahine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gerard A Ateshian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Clark T Hung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Philpott HT, Birmingham TB, Fiset B, Walsh LA, Coleman MC, Séguin CA, Appleton CT. Tensile strain and altered synovial tissue metabolism in human knee osteoarthritis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17367. [PMID: 36253398 PMCID: PMC9576717 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22459-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Synovium is critical for maintaining joint homeostasis and may contribute to mechanobiological responses during joint movement. We investigated mechanobiological responses of whole synovium from patients with late-stage knee osteoarthritis (OA). Synovium samples were collected during total knee arthroplasty and assigned to histopathology or cyclic 10% tensile strain loading, including (1) static (control); (2) low-frequency (0.3 Hz); and iii) high-frequency (1.0 Hz) for 30-min. After 6-h incubation, tissues were bisected for RNA isolation and immunostaining (3-nitrotyrosine; 3-NT). RNA sequencing was analyzed for differentially expressed genes and pathway enrichment. Cytokines and lactate were measured in conditioned media. Compared to controls, low-frequency strain induced enrichment of pathways related to interferon response, Fc-receptor signaling, and cell metabolism. High-frequency strain induced enrichment of pathways related to NOD-like receptor signaling, high metabolic demand, and redox signaling/stress. Metabolic and redox cell stress was confirmed by increased release of lactate into conditioned media and increased 3-NT formation in the synovial lining. Late-stage OA synovial tissue responses to tensile strain include frequency-dependent increases in inflammatory signaling, metabolism, and redox biology. Based on these findings, we speculate that some synovial mechanobiological responses to strain may be beneficial, but OA likely disturbs synovial homeostasis leading to aberrant responses to mechanical stimuli, which requires further validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holly T. Philpott
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON N6G 1H1 Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Bone and Joint Institute, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B5 Canada
| | - Trevor B. Birmingham
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON N6G 1H1 Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Bone and Joint Institute, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B5 Canada
| | - Benoit Fiset
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3 Canada
| | - Logan A. Walsh
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3 Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7 Canada
| | - Mitchell C. Coleman
- grid.214572.70000 0004 1936 8294Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA ,grid.214572.70000 0004 1936 8294Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Cheryle A. Séguin
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Bone and Joint Institute, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B5 Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1 Canada
| | - C. Thomas Appleton
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Bone and Joint Institute, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B5 Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1 Canada ,grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1 Canada ,SJHC Rheumatology Centre, 268 Grosvenor St., London, ON N6A 4V2 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang K, Wang L, Liu Z, Geng B, Teng Y, Liu X, Yi Q, Yu D, Chen X, Zhao D, Xia Y. Mechanosensory and mechanotransductive processes mediated by ion channels in articular chondrocytes: Potential therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis. Channels (Austin) 2021; 15:339-359. [PMID: 33775217 PMCID: PMC8018402 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2021.1903184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage consists of an extracellular matrix including many proteins as well as embedded chondrocytes. Articular cartilage formation and function are influenced by mechanical forces. Hind limb unloading or simulated microgravity causes articular cartilage loss, suggesting the importance of the healthy mechanical environment in articular cartilage homeostasis and implying a significant role of appropriate mechanical stimulation in articular cartilage degeneration. Mechanosensitive ion channels participate in regulating the metabolism of articular chondrocytes, including matrix protein production and extracellular matrix synthesis. Mechanical stimuli, including fluid shear stress, stretch, compression and cell swelling and decreased mechanical conditions (such as simulated microgravity) can alter the membrane potential and regulate the metabolism of articular chondrocytes via transmembrane ion channel-induced ionic fluxes. This process includes Ca2+ influx and the resulting mobilization of Ca2+ that is due to massive released Ca2+ from stores, intracellular cation efflux and extracellular cation influx. This review brings together published information on mechanosensitive ion channels, such as stretch-activated channels (SACs), voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs), large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (BKCa channels), Ca2+-activated K+ channels (SKCa channels), voltage-activated H+ channels (VAHCs), acid sensing ion channels (ASICs), transient receptor potential (TRP) family channels, and piezo1/2 channels. Data based on epithelial sodium channels (ENaCs), purinergic receptors and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are also included. These channels mediate mechanoelectrical physiological processes essential for converting physical force signals into biological signals. The primary channel-mediated effects and signaling pathways regulated by these mechanosensitive ion channels can influence the progression of osteoarthritis during the mechanosensory and mechanoadaptive process of articular chondrocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou Gansu, China
| | - Lifu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou Gansu, China
| | - Zhongcheng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou Gansu, China
| | - Bin Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou Gansu, China
| | - Yuanjun Teng
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou Gansu, China
| | - Xuening Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou Gansu, China
| | - Qiong Yi
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou Gansu, China
| | - Dechen Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou Gansu, China
| | - Xiangyi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou Gansu, China
| | - Dacheng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou Gansu, China
| | - Yayi Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou Gansu, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Estell EG, Murphy LA, Gangi LR, Shah RP, Ateshian GA, Hung CT. Attachment of cartilage wear particles to the synovium negatively impacts friction properties. J Biomech 2021; 127:110668. [PMID: 34399243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage wear particles are released into the synovial fluid by mechanical and chemical degradation of the articular surfaces during osteoarthritis and attach to the synovial membrane. Accumulation of wear particles could alter key tissue-level mechanical properties of the synovium, hindering its characteristically low-friction interactions with underlying articular surfaces in the synovial joint. The present study employs a custom loading device to further the characterization of native synovium friction properties, while investigating the hypothesis that attachment of cartilage wear particles increases friction coefficient. Juvenile bovine synovium demonstrated characteristically low friction coefficients in sliding contact with glass, in agreement with historical measurements. Friction coefficient increased with higher normal load in saline, while lubrication with native synovial fluid maintained low friction coefficients at higher loads. Cartilage wear particles generated from juvenile bovine cartilage attached directly to synovium explants in static culture, with incorporation onto the tissue denoted by cell migration onto the particle surface. In dilute synovial fluid mimicking the decreased lubricating properties during osteoarthritis, wear particle attachment significantly increased friction coefficient against glass, and native cartilage and synovium. In addition to providing a novel characterization of synovial joint tribology this work highlights a potential mechanism for cartilage wear particles to perpetuate the degradative environment of osteoarthritis by modulating tissue-level properties of the synovium that could impact macroscopic wear as well as mechanical stimuli transmitted to resident cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eben G Estell
- Columbia University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lance A Murphy
- Columbia University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lianna R Gangi
- Columbia University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York, NY, United States
| | - Roshan P Shah
- Columbia University, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gerard A Ateshian
- Columbia University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York, NY, United States; Columbia University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, New York, NY, United States
| | - Clark T Hung
- Columbia University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York, NY, United States; Columbia University, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York, NY, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mechanical adaptation of synoviocytes A and B to immobilization and remobilization: a study in the rat knee flexion model. J Mol Histol 2020; 51:605-611. [PMID: 32778991 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09902-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to quantify the in vivo response of synoviocytes type A and B in the posterior joint capsule to knee immobilization and remobilization. Also, to correlate the immunohistochemical data with selected mRNA expression in the posterior joint capsule. Forty-two adult male Sprague-Dawley rats had one knee joint immobilized in flexion for durations of 1-4 weeks. Fifteen were harvested after immobilization and 15 were remobilized for 4 weeks. They were analyzed immunohistochemically with CD68 and CD55 antibodies as markers for synoviocytes type A and type B, respectively. Controls were 15 age-matched rats. The remaining 12 rats had their posterior capsule harvested and synoviocyte-specific CD68, CD55, and uridine diphosphoglucose dehydrogenase (UDPGD) mRNA expression was measured. Controls were 12 sham-operated knees. Knee immobilization for 2 weeks significantly increased synoviocytes A:B staining ratio compared to controls (3.88 ± 1.39 vs. 1.83 ± 0.76; p < 0.05). Remobilization for 4 weeks abolished the increase. Remobilization of knees that were immobilized for 1 week also significantly lowered the synoviocytes A:B staining ratios compared to immobilized-only knees (0.66 ± 0.23 vs. 2.19 ± 0.54; p < 0.05) and to controls (0.66 ± 0.23 vs. 1.32 ± 0.29; p < 0.05). Consistent with the immunohistochemistry, mRNA expression of synoviocyte type B-specific CD55 and UDPGD genes were significantly lower in the capsules immobilized for 2 weeks (both p < 0.05). Knee immobilization and remobilization significantly modulated synoviocytes in vivo, stressing their mechanosensitive nature and possible contribution to immobility-induced changes of the joint capsule.
Collapse
|
10
|
Bosscher HA, Grozdanov PN, Warraich II, MacDonald CC, Day MR. The peridural membrane of the spine has characteristics of synovium. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2020; 304:631-646. [PMID: 32537855 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The peridural membrane (PDM) is a well-defined structure between dura mater and the wall of the spinal canal. The spine may be viewed as a multi-segmented joint, with the epidural cavity and neural foramina as joint spaces and PDM as synovial lining. The objective of this investigation was to determine if PDM has histological characteristics of synovium. Samples of the PDM of the thoraco-lumbar spine were taken from 23 human cadavers and analyzed with conventional light microscopy and confocal microscopy. Results were compared to reports on similar analyses of synovium in the literature. Histological distribution of areolar, fibrous, and adipose connective tissue in PDM was similar to synovium. The PDM has an intima and sub-intima. No basement membrane was identified. CD68, a marker for macrophage-like-synoviocytes, and CD55, a marker for fibroblast-like synoviocytes, were seen in the lining and sub-lining of the PDM. Multifunctional hyaluronan receptor CD44 and hyaluronic acid synthetase 2 marker HAS2 were abundantly present throughout the membrane. Marked presence of CD44, CD55, and HAS2 in the well-developed tunica muscularis of blood vessels and in the body of the PDM suggests a role in the maintenance and lubrication of the epidural cavity and neural foramina. Presence of CD68, CD55, and CD44 suggests a scavenging function and a role in the inflammatory response to noxious stimuli. Thus, the human PDM has histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of synovium. This suggests that the PDM may be important for the homeostasis of the flexible spine and the neural structures it contains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hemmo A Bosscher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA.,Pain Management Grace Health System, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Petar N Grozdanov
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Image Analysis and Molecular Biology Core Facilities, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Irfan I Warraich
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Clinton C MacDonald
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Miles R Day
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA.,Grace Health System, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jamal J, Roebuck MM, Lee SY, Frostick SP, Abbas AA, Merican AM, Teo SH, Wood A, Tan SL, Bou-Gharios G, Wong PF. Modulation of the mechanical responses of synovial fibroblasts by osteoarthritis-associated inflammatory stressors. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 126:105800. [PMID: 32673644 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare mechanobiological response of synovial fibroblasts (SFb) from OA patient cohorts under mechanical load and inflammatory stressors for better understanding of SFb homeostatic functions. METHODS Primary SFb isolated from knee synovium of OA obese (OA-ob:SFb), OA-pre-obese (OA-Pob:SFb), non-OA arthroscopic (scope:SFb), and non-OA arthroscopic with cartilage damage (scope-CD:SFb) were exposed to OA-conditioned media (OACM), derived from OA obese (OA-ob:CM), OA-pre-obese (OA-Pob:CM), and mechanical stretch at either 0 %, 6 % or 10 % for 24 h. Differences in the mRNA levels of genes involved in extracellular matrix production, inflammation and secretory activity were measured. RESULTS Despite the significant BMI differences between the OA-ob and OA-Pob groups, OA-Pob has more patients with underlying dyslipidaemia, and low-grade synovitis with higher levels of secreted proteins, CXCL8, COL4A1, CCL4, SPARC and FGF2 in OA-Pob:CM. All primary SFb exhibited anti-proliferative activity with both OA-CM. Mechanical stretch stimulated lubricin production in scope:SFb, higher TGFβ1 and COL1A1 expressions in scope-CD:SFb. OA-Pob:CM stimulated greater detrimental effects than the OA-ob:CM, with higher pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL1β, IL6, COX2 and proteases such as aggrecanases, ADAMTS4 and ADAMTS5, and lower ECM matrix, COL1A1 expressions in all SFb. OA-ob:SFb were unresponsive but expressed higher pro-inflammatory cytokines under OA-Pob:CM treatment. CONCLUSION Both mechanical and inflammatory stressors regulate SFb molecular functions with heterogeneity in responses that are dependent on their pathological tissue of origins. While mechanical stretch promotes a favorable effect with enhanced lubricin production in scope:SFb and TGFβ1 and COL1A1 in scope-CD:SFb, the presence of excessively high OA-associated inflammatory mediators in OA-Pob:CM, predominantly SPARC, CXCL8 and FGF2 drive all SFb regardless of pathology, towards greater pro-inflammatory activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Jamal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret M Roebuck
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Siam-Yee Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Simon P Frostick
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Azlina Amir Abbas
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Orthopedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azhar Mahmood Merican
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Orthopedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Seow-Hui Teo
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Orthopedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amanda Wood
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Sik-Loo Tan
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Orthopedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - George Bou-Gharios
- Musculoskeletal Biology I Group, Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, United Kingdom
| | - Pooi-Fong Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Castrogiovanni P, Di Rosa M, Ravalli S, Castorina A, Guglielmino C, Imbesi R, Vecchio M, Drago F, Szychlinska MA, Musumeci G. Moderate Physical Activity as a Prevention Method for Knee Osteoarthritis and the Role of Synoviocytes as Biological Key. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030511. [PMID: 30691048 PMCID: PMC6387266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of moderate physical activity (MPA) on the expression of osteoarthritis (OA)-related (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-13) and anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective (IL-4, IL-10, lubricin) biomarkers in the synovium of an OA-induced rat model. A total of 32 rats were divided into four groups: Control rats (Group 1); rats performing MPA (Group 2); anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)-rats with OA (Group 3); and, ACLT-rats performing MPA (Group 4). Analyses were performed using Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining, histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry. In Group 3, OA biomarkers were significantly increased, whereas, IL-4, IL-10, and lubricin were significantly lower than in the other experimental groups. We hypothesize that MPA might partake in rescuing type B synoviocyte dysfunction at the early stages of OA, delaying the progression of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Castrogiovanni
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n°87, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n°87, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Silvia Ravalli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n°87, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Castorina
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
- Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Claudia Guglielmino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n°87, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Rosa Imbesi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n°87, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Michele Vecchio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 67, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Filippo Drago
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 67, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Marta Anna Szychlinska
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n°87, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia n°87, 95124 Catania, Italy.
- School of the Sport of the Italian National Olympic Committee "CONI" Sicily, Via Emanuele Notarbartolo, 90141 Palermo, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kondo C, Clark RB, Al‐Jezani N, Kim TY, Belke D, Banderali U, Szerencsei RT, Jalloul AH, Schnetkamp PPM, Spitzer KW, Giles WR. ATP triggers a robust intracellular [Ca 2+ ]-mediated signalling pathway in human synovial fibroblasts. Exp Physiol 2018; 103:1101-1122. [PMID: 29791754 DOI: 10.1113/ep086851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? What are the main [Ca2+ ]i signalling pathways activated by ATP in human synovial fibroblasts? What is the main finding and its importance? In human synovial fibroblasts ATP acts through a linked G-protein (Gq ) and phospholipase C signalling mechanism to produce IP3 , which then markedly enhances release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum. These results provide new information for the detection of early pathophysiology of arthritis. ABSTRACT In human articular joints, synovial fibroblasts (HSFs) have essential physiological functions that include synthesis and secretion of components of the extracellular matrix and essential articular joint lubricants, as well as release of paracrine substances such as ATP. Although the molecular and cellular processes that lead to a rheumatoid arthritis (RA) phenotype are not fully understood, HSF cells exhibit significant changes during this disease progression. The effects of ATP on HSFs were studied by monitoring changes in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+ ]i ), and measuring electrophysiological properties. ATP application to HSF cell populations that had been enzymatically released from 2-D cell culture revealed that ATP (10-100 μm), or its analogues UTP or ADP, consistently produced a large transient increase in [Ca2+ ]i . These changes (i) were initiated by activation of the P2 Y purinergic receptor family, (ii) required Gq -mediated signal transduction, (iii) did not involve a transmembrane Ca2+ influx, but instead (iv) arose almost entirely from activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3 ) receptors that triggered Ca2+ release from the ER. Corresponding single cell electrophysiological studies revealed that these ATP effects (i) were insensitive to [Ca2+ ]o removal, (ii) involved an IP3 -mediated intracellular Ca2+ release process, and (iii) strongly turned on Ca2+ -activated K+ current(s) that significantly hyperpolarized these cells. Application of histamine produced very similar effects in these HSF cells. Since ATP is a known paracrine agonist and histamine is released early in the inflammatory response, these findings may contribute to identification of early steps/defects in the initiation and progression of RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Kondo
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - R B Clark
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - T Y Kim
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - D Belke
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - R T Szerencsei
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - A H Jalloul
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - P P M Schnetkamp
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - K W Spitzer
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Centre, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - W R Giles
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fryer G. Integrating osteopathic approaches based on biopsychosocial therapeutic mechanisms. Part 1: The mechanisms. INT J OSTEOPATH MED 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijosm.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
15
|
Clark RB, Schmidt TA, Sachse FB, Boyle D, Firestein GS, Giles WR. Cellular electrophysiological principles that modulate secretion from synovial fibroblasts. J Physiol 2017; 595:635-645. [PMID: 27079855 DOI: 10.1113/jp270209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive disease that affects both pediatric and adult populations. The cellular basis for RA has been investigated extensively using animal models, human tissues and isolated cells in culture. However, many aspects of its aetiology and molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Some of the electrophysiological principles that regulate secretion of essential lubricants (hyaluronan and lubricin) and cytokines from synovial fibroblasts have been identified. Data sets describing the main types of ion channels that are expressed in human synovial fibroblast preparations have begun to provide important new insights into the interplay among: (i) ion fluxes, (ii) Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum, (iii) intercellular coupling, and (iv) both transient and longer duration changes in synovial fibroblast membrane potential. A combination of this information, knowledge of similar patterns of responses in cells that regulate the immune system, and the availability of adult human synovial fibroblasts are likely to provide new pathophysiological insights.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R B Clark
- Faculties of Kinesiology and Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada, T2N 1N4
| | - T A Schmidt
- Faculties of Kinesiology and Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada, T2N 1N4
| | - F B Sachse
- Department of Bioengineering and Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - D Boyle
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - G S Firestein
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - W R Giles
- Faculties of Kinesiology and Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada, T2N 1N4
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Casares G, Thomas A, Carmona J, Acero J, Vila CN. Influence of oral stabilization appliances in intra-articular pressure of the temporomandibular joint. Cranio 2014; 32:219-23. [DOI: 10.1179/0886963413z.00000000030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
17
|
KUROSAWA HISASHI. THERAPEUTIC EXERCISE PRODUCES LESS PROINFLAMMATORY AND MORE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES CAUSED BY OSTEOARTHRITIS. JUNTENDO IJI ZASSHI 2013. [DOI: 10.14789/jmj.59.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- HISASHI KUROSAWA
- JUNTENDO TOKYO KOTO GERIATRIC MEDICAL CENTER, JUNTENDO UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF MEDICINE
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by the breakdown of articular cartilage that is mediated in part by increased production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and aggrecanases (ADAMTS), enzymes that degrade components of the cartilage extracellular matrix. Efforts to design synthetic inhibitors of MMPs/ADAMTS have only led to limited clinical success. In addition to pharmacologic therapies, physiologic joint loading is widely recommended as a nonpharmacologic approach to improve joint function in osteoarthritis. Clinical trials report that moderate levels of exercise exert beneficial effects, such as improvements in pain and physical function. Experimental studies demonstrate that mechanical loading mitigates joint destruction through the downregulation of MMPs/ADAMTS. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects of physiologic loading on arthritic joints are not well understood. We review here the recent progress on mechanotransduction in articular joints, highlighting the mediators and pathways in the maintenance of cartilage integrity, especially in the prevention of cartilage degradation in OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Leong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
- Department of Radation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
- Oncophysics Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - John A. Hardin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Neil J. Cobelli
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Hui B. Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
- Department of Radation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
- Oncophysics Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
McCarty WJ, Masuda K, Sah RL. Fluid movement and joint capsule strains due to flexion in rabbit knees. J Biomech 2011; 44:2761-7. [PMID: 21945567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Revised: 08/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Diarthrodial joints are freely moveable joints containing synovial fluid (SF) within a connective tissue joint capsule that allows for low-friction and low-wear articulation of the cartilaginous ends of long bones. Biomechanical cues from joint articulation regulate synoviocyte and cartilage biology via joint capsule strain, in turn altering the composition of SF. Joint flexion is clinically associated with pain in knees with arthritis and effusion, with the nociception possibly originating from joint capsule strain. The hypothesis of this study was that knee fluid volume distribution and joint capsule strain are altered with passive flexion in the rabbit model. The aims were to (a) determine the volume distribution of fluid in the joint at different total volumes and with flexion of rabbit knees ex vivo, (b) correlate the volume distribution for the ex vivo model to in vivo data, and (c) determine the strains at different locations in the joint capsule with flexion. During knee flexion, ∼20% of anteriorly located joint fluid moved posteriorly, correlating well with the fluid motion observed in in vivo joints. Planar joint capsule principal strains were ∼100% (tension) in the proximal-distal direction and ∼-40% (shortening) in the circumferential direction, relative to the femur axis and 30° strain state. The joint capsule strains with flexion are consistent with the mechanics of the tendons and ligaments from which the capsule tissue is derived. The movement and mixing of SF volume with flexion determine the mechanical and biological fluid environment within the knee joint. Joint fluid movement and capsular strains affect synovial cell biology and likely modulate trans-synovial transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William J McCarty
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hui AY, McCarty WJ, Masuda K, Firestein GS, Sah RL. A systems biology approach to synovial joint lubrication in health, injury, and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2011; 4:15-37. [PMID: 21826801 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The synovial joint contains synovial fluid (SF) within a cavity bounded by articular cartilage and synovium. SF is a viscous fluid that has lubrication, metabolic, and regulatory functions within synovial joints. SF contains lubricant molecules, including proteoglycan-4 and hyaluronan. SF is an ultrafiltrate of plasma with secreted contributions from cell populations lining and within the synovial joint space, including chondrocytes and synoviocytes. Maintenance of normal SF lubricant composition and function are important for joint homeostasis. In osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and joint injury, changes in lubricant composition and function accompany alterations in the cytokine and growth factor environment and increased fluid and molecular transport through joint tissues. Thus, understanding the synovial joint lubrication system requires a multifaceted study of the various parts of the synovial joint and their interactions. Systems biology approaches at multiple scales are being used to describe the molecular, cellular, and tissue components and their interactions that comprise the functioning synovial joint. Analyses of the transcriptome and proteome of SF, cartilage, and synovium suggest that particular molecules and pathways play important roles in joint homeostasis and disease. Such information may be integrated with physicochemical tissue descriptions to construct integrative models of the synovial joint that ultimately may explain maintenance of health, recovery from injury, or development and progression of arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Y Hui
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Poulet B, Hamilton RW, Shefelbine S, Pitsillides AA. Characterizing a novel and adjustable noninvasive murine joint loading model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 63:137-47. [PMID: 20882669 DOI: 10.1002/art.27765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mechanical loading through a mechano-adaptive response modifies articular cartilage structure and contributes to osteoarthritis (OA). However, the specific mechanical stimuli involved in joint health and disease remain poorly defined, partly due to a lack of in vivo models of controlled loading. The present study was undertaken to develop and characterize a novel nonsurgical murine model in which applied loads to the knee joint are highly adjustable. METHODS Animals experienced normal locomotion, except during loading. Loads were applied to the right knees of 8-week-old CBA mice, 3 times a week for 2 weeks (and assessed immediately or after 3 weeks of nonloading), or for 5 weeks, or just once (and assessed immediately or after 2 weeks of nonloading). Histologic features of loaded and control contralateral joints, including articular cartilage lesions, osteophyte formation, and pathologic features, were examined. Ex vivo visualization during loading was performed by microfocal computed tomography (micro-CT). RESULTS Two weeks of loading produced articular cartilage lesions only at sites of maximal contact as exhibited by micro-CT; after 3 weeks without further loading, joints in another group of mice identically loaded revealed significant increases in mean lesion severity to levels seen following 5 weeks of loading. Single application of load also induced lesions, but in this case, 2 weeks of solely habitual use did not lead to further deterioration. Only repetitive loading induced loss of Safranin O staining. Loading also led to osteophyte formation, meniscal ossification, synovial hyperplasia and fibrosis, and cruciate ligament pathology, with a severity that was dependent upon the loading regimen utilized. CONCLUSION We describe for the first time a noninvasive model of murine knee joint loading. This will further the study of mechanical and genetic interactions in joint health and in OA initiation and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blandine Poulet
- Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Large RJ, Hollywood MA, Sergeant GP, Thornbury KD, Bourke S, Levick JR, McHale NG. Ionic currents in intimal cultured synoviocytes from the rabbit. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2010; 299:C1180-94. [PMID: 20720182 PMCID: PMC2980311 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00028.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan, a joint lubricant and regulator of synovial fluid content, is secreted by fibroblast-like synoviocytes lining the joint cavity, and secretion is greatly stimulated by Ca2+-dependent protein kinase C. This study aimed to define synoviocyte membrane currents and channels that may influence synoviocyte Ca2+ dynamics. Resting membrane potential ranged from −30 mV to −66 mV (mean −45 ± 8.60 mV, n = 40). Input resistance ranged from 0.54 GΩ to 2.6 GΩ (mean 1.28 ± 0.57 GΩ; ν = 33). Cell capacitance averaged 97.97 ± 5.93 pF. Voltage clamp using Cs+ pipette solution yielded a transient inward current that disappeared in Ca2+-free solutions and was blocked by 1 μM nifedipine, indicating an L-type calcium current. The current was increased fourfold by the calcium channel activator FPL 64176 (300 nM). Using K+ pipette solution, depolarizing steps positive to −40 mV evoked an outward current that showed kinetics and voltage dependence of activation and inactivation typical of the delayed rectifier potassium current. This was blocked by the nonspecific delayed rectifier blocker 4-aminopyridine. The synoviocytes expressed mRNA for four Kv1 subtypes (Kv1.1, Kv1.4, Kv1.5, and Kv1.6). Correolide (1 μM), margatoxin (100 nM), and α-dendrotoxin block these Kv1 subtypes, and all of these drugs significantly reduced synoviocyte outward current. The current was blocked most effectively by 50 nM κ-dendrotoxin, which is specific for channels containing a Kv1.1 subunit, indicating that Kv1.1 is critical, either as a homomultimeric channel or as a component of a heteromultimeric Kv1 channel. When 50 nM κ-dendrotoxin was added to current-clamped synoviocytes, the cells depolarized by >20 mV and this was accompanied by an increase in intracellular calcium concentration. Similarly, depolarization of the cells with high external potassium solution caused an increase in intracellular calcium, and this effect was greatly reduced by 1 μM nifedipine. In conclusion, fibroblast-like synoviocytes cultured from the inner synovium of the rabbit exhibit voltage-dependent inward and outward currents, including Ca2+ currents. They thus express ion channels regulating membrane Ca2+ permeability and electrochemical gradient. Since Ca2+-dependent kinases are major regulators of synovial hyaluronan secretion, the synoviocyte ion channels are likely to be important in the regulation of hyaluronan secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R J Large
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kolker SJ, Walder RY, Usachev Y, Hillman J, Boyle DL, Firestein GS, Sluka KA. Acid-sensing ion channel 3 expressed in type B synoviocytes and chondrocytes modulates hyaluronan expression and release. Ann Rheum Dis 2009; 69:903-9. [PMID: 19933746 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2009.117168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease marked by intra-articular decreases in pH, aberrant hyaluronan regulation and destruction of bone and cartilage. Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are the primary acid sensors in the nervous system, particularly in sensory neurons and are important in nociception. ASIC3 was recently discovered in synoviocytes, non-neuronal joint cells critical to the inflammatory process. OBJECTIVES To investigate the role of ASIC3 in joint tissue, specifically the relationship between ASIC3 and hyaluronan and the response to decreased pH. METHODS Histochemical methods were used to compare morphology, hyaluronan expression and ASIC3 expression in ASIC3+/+ and ASIC3-/- mouse knee joints. Isolated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were used to examine hyaluronan release and intracellular calcium in response to decreases in pH. RESULTS In tissue sections from ASIC3+/+ mice, ASIC3 localised to articular cartilage, growth plate, meniscus and type B synoviocytes. In cultured FLS, ASIC3 mRNA and protein was also expressed. In FLS cultures, pH 5.5 increased hyaluronan release in ASIC3+/+ FLS, but not ASIC3-/- FLS. In FLS from ASIC3+/+ mice, approximately 50% of cells (25/53) increased intracellular calcium while only 24% (14/59) showed an increase in ASIC3-/- FLS. Of the cells that responded to pH 5.5, there was significantly less intracellular calcium increases in ASIC3-/- FLS compared to ASIC3+/+ FLS. CONCLUSION ASIC3 may serve as a pH sensor in synoviocytes and be important for modulation of expression of hyaluronan within joint tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S J Kolker
- Graduate Program in Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, 1-242 MEB, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ingram KR, Wann AKT, Wingate RM, Coleman PJ, McHale N, Levick JR. Signal pathways regulating hyaluronan secretion into static and cycled synovial joints of rabbits. J Physiol 2009; 587:4361-76. [PMID: 19622607 PMCID: PMC2754372 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.175620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Joint lubrication, synovial fluid conservation and many pathophysiological processes depend on hyaluronan (HA). Intra-articular HA injection and exercise, which stimulates articular HA production, ameliorate osteoarthritis. We therefore investigated the pathways regulating movement-stimulated articular HA secretion rate ( ) in vivo. Endogenous HA was removed from the knee joint cavity of anaesthetised rabbits by washout. Joints were then cycled passively or remained static for 5 h, with/without intra-articular agonist/inhibitor, after which newly secreted HA was harvested for analysis. Movement almost doubled . Similar or larger increases were elicited in static joints by the intra-articular Ca(2+) ionophore ionomycin, prostaglandin E(2), cAMP-raising agents, serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitor and activation of protein kinase C (PKC). PKC-stimulated secretion was inhibited by the PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide I and inhibitors of the downstream kinases MEK-ERK (U0126, PD98059). These agents inhibited movement-stimulated secretion of HA (MSHA) only when the parallel p38 kinase path was simultaneously inhibited by SB203580 (ineffective alone). The phospholipase C inhibitor U73122 almost fully blocked MSHA (P = 0.001, n = 10), without affecting static . The ENaC channel blocker amiloride inhibited MSHA, whereas other inhibitors of stretch-activated channels (Gd(3+), ruthenium red, SKF96365) did not. It is proposed that MSHA may be mediated by PLC activation, leading to activation of parallel PKC-MEK-ERK and p38 kinase pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K R Ingram
- Physiology, Basic Medical Sciences, St George's Hospital Medical School, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Balazs EA. The role of hyaluronan in the structure and function of the biomatrix of connective tissues. Struct Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-009-9428-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
26
|
Wann AKT, Ingram KR, Coleman PJ, McHale N, Levick JR. Mechanosensitive hyaluronan secretion: stimulus-response curves and role of transcription-translation-translocation in rabbit joints. Exp Physiol 2009; 94:350-61. [DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2008.045203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
27
|
|