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Vormittag S, Ende RJ, Derré I, Hilbi H. Pathogen vacuole membrane contact sites - close encounters of the fifth kind. MICROLIFE 2023; 4:uqad018. [PMID: 37223745 PMCID: PMC10117887 DOI: 10.1093/femsml/uqad018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Vesicular trafficking and membrane fusion are well-characterized, versatile, and sophisticated means of 'long range' intracellular protein and lipid delivery. Membrane contact sites (MCS) have been studied in far less detail, but are crucial for 'short range' (10-30 nm) communication between organelles, as well as between pathogen vacuoles and organelles. MCS are specialized in the non-vesicular trafficking of small molecules such as calcium and lipids. Pivotal MCS components important for lipid transfer are the VAP receptor/tether protein, oxysterol binding proteins (OSBPs), the ceramide transport protein CERT, the phosphoinositide phosphatase Sac1, and the lipid phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P). In this review, we discuss how these MCS components are subverted by bacterial pathogens and their secreted effector proteins to promote intracellular survival and replication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Isabelle Derré
- Corresponding author. Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Ave, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States. Tel: +1-434-924-2330; E-mail:
| | - Hubert Hilbi
- Corresponding author. Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 30, 8006 Zürich, Switzerland. Tel: +41-44-634-2650; E-mail:
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2
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Said R, Mortazavi H, Cooper D, Ovens K, McQuillan I, Papagerakis S, Papagerakis P. Deciphering the functions of Stromal Interaction Molecule-1 in amelogenesis using AmelX-iCre mice. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1100714. [PMID: 36935757 PMCID: PMC10014868 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1100714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The intracellular Ca2+ sensor stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is thought to play a critical role in enamel development, as its mutations cause Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI). We recently established an ameloblast-specific (AmelX-iCre) Stim1 conditional deletion mouse model to investigate the role of STIM1 in controlling ameloblast function and differentiation in vivo (Stim1 cKO). Our pilot data (Said et al., J. Dent. Res., 2019, 98, 1002-1010) support our hypothesis for a broad role of Stim1 in amelogenesis. This paper aims to provide an in-depth characterization of the enamel phenotype observed in our Stim1 cKO model. Methods: We crossed AmelX-iCre mice with Stim1-floxed animals to develop ameloblast-specific Stim1 cKO mice. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and micro- CT were used to study the enamel phenotype. RNAseq and RT-qPCR were utilized to evaluate changes in the gene expression of several key ameloblast genes. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the amelogenin, matrix metalloprotease 20 and kallikrein 4 proteins in ameloblasts. Results: Stim1 cKO animals exhibited a hypomineralized AI phenotype, with reduced enamel volume, diminished mineral density, and lower calcium content. The mutant enamel phenotype was more severe in older Stim1 cKO mice compared to younger ones and changes in enamel volume and mineral content were more pronounced in incisors compared to molars. Exploratory RNAseq analysis of incisors' ameloblasts suggested that ablation of Stim1 altered the expression levels of several genes encoding enamel matrix proteins which were confirmed by subsequent RT-qPCR. On the other hand, RT-qPCR analysis of molars' ameloblasts showed non-significant differences in the expression levels of enamel matrix genes between control and Stim1-deficient cells. Moreover, gene expression analysis of incisors' and molars' ameloblasts showed that Stim1 ablation caused changes in the expression levels of several genes associated with calcium transport and mitochondrial kinetics. Conclusions: Collectively, these findings suggest that the loss of Stim1 in ameloblasts may impact enamel mineralization and ameloblast gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed Said
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Helyasadat Mortazavi
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - David Cooper
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Katie Ovens
- Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ian McQuillan
- Department of Computer Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Silvana Papagerakis
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Petros Papagerakis
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- *Correspondence: Petros Papagerakis,
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Klocke B, Krone K, Tornes J, Moore C, Ott H, Pitychoutis PM. Insights into the role of intracellular calcium signaling in the neurobiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1093099. [PMID: 36875674 PMCID: PMC9975342 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1093099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) comprises a critical ionic second messenger in the central nervous system that is under the control of a wide array of regulatory mechanisms, including organellar Ca2+ stores, membrane channels and pumps, and intracellular Ca2+-binding proteins. Not surprisingly, disturbances in Ca2+ homeostasis have been linked to neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. However, aberrations in Ca2+ homeostasis have also been implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders with a strong neurodevelopmental component including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and schizophrenia (SCZ). While plasma membrane Ca2+ channels and synaptic Ca2+-binding proteins have been extensively studied, increasing evidence suggests a prominent role for intracellular Ca2+ stores, such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), in aberrant neurodevelopment. In the context of the current mini-review, we discuss recent findings implicating critical intracellular Ca2+-handling regulators such as the sarco-ER Ca2+ ATPase 2 (SERCA2), ryanodine receptors (RyRs), inositol triphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), and parvalbumin (PVALB), in the emergence of ASD, SCZ, and ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Klocke
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Kylie Krone
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Jason Tornes
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Carter Moore
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Hayden Ott
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States
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Gu C, Zhang W, Yang E, Gu C, Zhang Z, Ke J, Wang X, Wu S, Li S, Wu F. Blockage of Orai1-Nucleolin interaction meditated calcium influx attenuates breast cancer cells growth. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:55. [PMID: 36109490 PMCID: PMC9478099 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00429-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAs an important second messenger, calcium (Ca2+) regulates a wide variety of physiological processes. Disturbance of intracellular calcium homeostasis implicated in the occurrence of multiple types of diseases. Orai1 is the major player in mediating store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and regulates calcium homeostasis in non-excitable cells. Over-expression and activation of Orai1 have been reported in breast cancer. However, its molecular mechanisms are still not very clear. Here, we demonstrated that Nucleolin (NCL) was a novel interacting partner of Orai1. NCL is a multifunctional nucleocytoplasmic protein and is upregulated in human breast tumors. The binding of C-termini of NCL (NCL-CT) to N-termini of Orai1 (Orai1-NT) is critical for mediating calcium influx and proliferation of breast cancer cells. Blocking the NCL-Orai1 interaction by synthesized Orai1 peptide can effectively reduce the intracellular calcium influx and suppress the proliferation of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Our findings reveal a novel activation mechanism of Orai1 via direct interaction with NCL, which may lead to calcium homeostasis imbalance and promote the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Blocking NCL-Orai1 interaction might be an effective treatment of breast cancer.
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Wu T, Goriounova AS, Worthington EN, Wrennall JA, Ghosh A, Ahmad S, Flori Sassano M, Tarran R. SPLUNC1 is a negative regulator of the Orai1 Ca 2+ channel. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15306. [PMID: 35581745 PMCID: PMC9114653 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Orai1 is a ubiquitously-expressed plasma membrane Ca2+ channel that is involved in store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE): a fundamental biological process that regulates gene expression, the onset of inflammation, secretion, and the contraction of airway smooth muscle (ASM). During SOCE, Ca2+ leaves the endoplasmic reticulum, which then stimulates a second, amplifying wave of Ca2+ influx through Orai1 into the cytoplasm. Short Palate LUng and Nasal epithelial Clone 1 (SPLUNC1; gene name BPIFA1) is a multi-functional, innate defense protein that is highly abundant in the lung. We have previously reported that SPLUNC1 was secreted from epithelia, where it bound to and inhibited Orai1, leading to reduced SOCE and ASM relaxation. However, the underlying mechanism of action is unknown. Here, we probed the SPLUNC1-Orai1 interactions in ASM and HEK293T cells using biochemical and imaging techniques. We observed that SPLUNC1 caused a conformational change in Orai1, as measured using Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET). SPLUNC1 binding also led to Nedd4-2 dependent ubiquitination of Orai1. Moreover, SPLUNC1 internalized Orai1 to lysosomes, leading to Orai1 degradation. Thus, we conclude that SPLUNC1 is an allosteric regulator of Orai1. Our data indicate that SPLUNC1-mediated Orai1 inhibition could be utilized as a therapeutic strategy to reduce SOCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongde Wu
- Department of Cell Biology & PhysiologyThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillNorth Carolina27599USA
| | - Alexandra S. Goriounova
- Department of PharmacologyThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillNorth Carolina27599USA
| | - Erin N. Worthington
- Divison of PulmonologyDepartment of PediatricsThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillNorth Carolina27599USA
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of PediatricsCarilion Clinic and Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginia24016USA
| | - Joe A. Wrennall
- Department of Cell Biology & PhysiologyThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillNorth Carolina27599USA
| | - Arunava Ghosh
- Department of Cell Biology & PhysiologyThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillNorth Carolina27599USA
| | - Saira Ahmad
- Department of Cell Biology & PhysiologyThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillNorth Carolina27599USA
| | - M. Flori Sassano
- Department of Cell Biology & PhysiologyThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillNorth Carolina27599USA
| | - Robert Tarran
- Department of Cell Biology & PhysiologyThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillNorth Carolina27599USA
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6
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Collins HE, Zhang D, Chatham JC. STIM and Orai Mediated Regulation of Calcium Signaling in Age-Related Diseases. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:876785. [PMID: 35821821 PMCID: PMC9261457 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.876785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Tight spatiotemporal regulation of intracellular Ca2+ plays a critical role in regulating diverse cellular functions including cell survival, metabolism, and transcription. As a result, eukaryotic cells have developed a wide variety of mechanisms for controlling Ca2+ influx and efflux across the plasma membrane as well as Ca2+ release and uptake from intracellular stores. The STIM and Orai protein families comprising of STIM1, STIM2, Orai1, Orai2, and Orai3, are evolutionarily highly conserved proteins that are core components of all mammalian Ca2+ signaling systems. STIM1 and Orai1 are considered key players in the regulation of Store Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE), where release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores such as the Endoplasmic/Sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) triggers Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane. SOCE, which has been widely characterized in non-excitable cells, plays a central role in Ca2+-dependent transcriptional regulation. In addition to their role in Ca2+ signaling, STIM1 and Orai1 have been shown to contribute to the regulation of metabolism and mitochondrial function. STIM and Orai proteins are also subject to redox modifications, which influence their activities. Considering their ubiquitous expression, there has been increasing interest in the roles of STIM and Orai proteins in excitable cells such as neurons and myocytes. While controversy remains as to the importance of SOCE in excitable cells, STIM1 and Orai1 are essential for cellular homeostasis and their disruption is linked to various diseases associated with aging such as cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration. The recent identification of splice variants for most STIM and Orai isoforms while complicating our understanding of their function, may also provide insight into some of the current contradictions on their roles. Therefore, the goal of this review is to describe our current understanding of the molecular regulation of STIM and Orai proteins and their roles in normal physiology and diseases of aging, with a particular focus on heart disease and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E. Collins
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Dingguo Zhang
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - John C. Chatham
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States,*Correspondence: John C. Chatham,
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7
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Liu C, Zhang Y, Ge L, Li L, Wu B, Wang J. Biochemical and NMR studies reveal specific interaction between STIMATE C-tail and PI(4,5)P 2 or PI(3,4,5)P 3-containing membrane. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 597:16-22. [PMID: 35121178 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
STIMATE is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident membrane protein that plays key roles in regulating calcium signaling occurring at ER-plasma membrane (PM) junctions. It is also involved in the regulation of ER-PM junction maintenance. STIMATE contains multiple putative transmembrane domains with a polybasic C tail (STIMATE-CT) that directly interacts with stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) to promote STIM1 conformational switch. Here using liposome pulldown assay, we show that STIMATE-CT can specifically interact with PI(4,5)P2 or PI(3,4,5)P3-containing membrane. NMR analysis indicates that STIMATE-CT is intrinsically disordered. Furthermore, NMR titration with bicelles and mutation analysis reveal that the regions of 242VRYR245 and 284KKKK287 in STIMATE-CT are both essential for its membrane binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxu Liu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, PR China
| | - Youjia Zhang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, PR China
| | - Liang Ge
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China
| | - Ling Li
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, PR China
| | - Bo Wu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China.
| | - Junfeng Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China; Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China.
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8
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Johnson J, Blackman R, Gross S, Soboloff J. Control of STIM and Orai function by post-translational modifications. Cell Calcium 2022; 103:102544. [PMID: 35151050 PMCID: PMC8960353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) is mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ sensors stromal interaction molecules (STIM1 and STIM2) and the plasma membrane Orai (Orai1, Orai2, Orai3) Ca2+ channels. Although primarily regulated by ER Ca2+ content, there have been numerous studies over the last 15 years demonstrating that all 5 proteins are also regulated through post-translational modification (PTM). Focusing primarily on phosphorylation, glycosylation and redox modification, this review focuses on how PTMs modulate the key events in SOCE; Ca2+ sensing, STIM translocation, Orai interaction and/or Orai1 activation.
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Ahamad N, Sun Y, Nascimento Da Conceicao V, Xavier Paul Ezhilan CRD, Natarajan M, Singh BB. Differential activation of Ca 2+ influx channels modulate stem cell potency, their proliferation/viability and tissue regeneration. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:67. [PMID: 34671058 PMCID: PMC8528841 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00180-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have indefinite self-renewable capability; however, factors that modulate their pluripotency/function are not fully identified. Here we show that store-dependent Ca2+ entry is essential for modulating the function of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Increasing external Ca2+ modulated cell cycle progression that was critical for MSCs survival. Additionally, Ca2+ was critical for stem proliferation, its differentiation, and maintaining stem cell potential. Ca2+ channel characterization, including gene silencing, showed two distinct Ca2+ entry channels (through Orai1/TRPC1 or via Orai3) that differentially regulate the proliferation and viability of MSCs. Importantly, NFκB translocation, but not JNK/ERK into the nucleus, was observed upon store depletion, which was blocked by the addition of Ca2+ channel inhibitors. Radiation lead to a decrease in saliva secretion, decrease in acinar cell number, and enlarged ducts were observed, which were restored by the transplantation of stem cells that were propagated in higher Ca2+. Finally radiation showed a decrese in TRPC1 expression along with a decrese in AQP5, which was again restored upon MSC tranplantation. Together these results suggest that Ca2+ entry is essential for stem cell function that could be critical for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseem Ahamad
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Yuyang Sun
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | | | - Caroline R D Xavier Paul Ezhilan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Mohan Natarajan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Brij B Singh
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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Increasing cytosolic Ca 2+ levels restore cell proliferation and stem cell potency in aged MSCs. Stem Cell Res 2021; 56:102560. [PMID: 34624617 PMCID: PMC8596392 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is an inescapable complex physiological but extendable process, and all cells, including stem cells, are altered over time. Diverse mechanism(s) could modulate stem cell number, their proliferation rate, and promote tissue repair during aging that leads to longevity. However, the factors that could restore aging stem cell potency and would lead to healthy aging are not fully identified. Here we show that maintaining cytosolic Ca2+ levels was essential for modulating stem cells function in aged mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Increasing external Ca2+ induced spindle shape stem cell morphology and maintained stem cell surface marker expression in aged bone marrow-derived MSCs. Similarly, stem cell survival and proliferation of aged MSCs was dependent on cytosolic Ca2+ levels. Importantly, Ca2+ entry potentiated cell cycle progression, and stem cell potential was increased in cells incubated with higher external Ca2+. Moreover, blocking Ca2+ entry using SKF 96365, decreased stem cell survival and its proliferation but, treatment with 2-APB did not significantly affected cell proliferation, rather only modulated cell viability. Evaluation of Ca2+ entry channels, showed that TRPC1/Orai1/Orai3 and their regulator STIM1 was essential for MSCs proliferation/viability as gene silencing of Orai1/Orai3/TRPC1/STIM1 significantly inhibited stem cell viability. Finally, MSCs isolated from aged mice that were subjected to higher Ca2+ levels, were able to rescue age-induced loss of MSCs function. Together these results suggest that Ca2+ entry is essential for preventing the loss of aged stem cell function and supplementing Ca2+ not only restored their proliferative potential but, allowed them to develop into younger stem cell lineages that could be critical for regenerative medicine.
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11
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Plasma Membrane and Organellar Targets of STIM1 for Intracellular Calcium Handling in Health and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102518. [PMID: 34685498 PMCID: PMC8533710 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Located at the level of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, stromal interacting molecule 1 (STIM1) undergoes a complex conformational rearrangement after depletion of ER luminal Ca2+. Then, STIM1 translocates into discrete ER-plasma membrane (PM) junctions where it directly interacts with and activates plasma membrane Orai1 channels to refill ER with Ca2+. Furthermore, Ca2+ entry due to Orai1/STIM1 interaction may induce canonical transient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC1) translocation to the plasma membrane, where it is activated by STIM1. All these events give rise to store-operated calcium entry (SOCE). Besides the main pathway underlying SOCE, which mainly involves Orai1 and TRPC1 activation, STIM1 modulates many other plasma membrane proteins in order to potentiate the influxof Ca2+. Furthermore, it is now clear that STIM1 may inhibit Ca2+ currents mediated by L-type Ca2+ channels. Interestingly, STIM1 also interacts with some intracellular channels and transporters, including nuclear and lysosomal ionic proteins, thus orchestrating organellar Ca2+ homeostasis. STIM1 and its partners/effectors are significantly modulated in diverse acute and chronic neurodegenerative conditions. This highlights the importance of further disclosing their cellular functions as they might represent promising molecular targets for neuroprotection.
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12
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Maksoud MJE, Tellios V, Xiang YY, Lu WY. Nitric oxide displays a biphasic effect on calcium dynamics in microglia. Nitric Oxide 2021; 108:28-39. [PMID: 33418057 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Calcium is a critical secondary messenger in microglia. In response to inflammation, microglia mobilize intracellular calcium and increase the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which produces nitric oxide (NO). This study set to explore whether NO regulates intracellular calcium dynamics through transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in primary wildtype (WT) and iNOS knockout (iNOS-/-) microglia, and the BV2 microglial cell line using calcium imaging and voltage-clamp recordings. Our results demonstrated that application of the NO-donor SNAP induced a biphasic calcium response in naïve murine microglia. Specifically, phase I was characterized by a rapid decline in calcium influx that was attenuated by pretreatment of the store operated calcium channel (SOCC) inhibitor 2APB, while phase II presented as a slow calcium influx that was abolished by pretreatment with the TRP vanilloid type 2 (TRPV2) channel inhibitor tranilast. Importantly, in the presence of a protein kinase G (PKG) inhibitor, the SNAP-mediated calcium decline in phase I persisted while the calcium influx in phase II was abolished. Application of thapsigargin to activate SOCCs caused a calcium influx through a nonselective cation conductance in BV2 microglia, which was abruptly attenuated by SNAP. Importantly, iNOS-/- microglia displayed a significantly larger calcium influx though SOCCs while expressing less stromal interaction molecule 1, Orai1, and TRP canonical type 1 and 3 mRNA, when compared to WT microglia. Together, these results demonstrate that NO signaling restricts calcium influx through SOCCs independent of PKG signaling and increases calcium influx through TRPV2 channels in a PKG-dependent mechanism in microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J E Maksoud
- Graduate Program of Neuroscience, The University of Western Ontario, Canada; Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, Canada.
| | - Vasiliki Tellios
- Graduate Program of Neuroscience, The University of Western Ontario, Canada; Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, Canada.
| | - Yun-Yan Xiang
- Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, Canada.
| | - Wei-Yang Lu
- Graduate Program of Neuroscience, The University of Western Ontario, Canada; Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, Canada.
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13
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Srivastava N, Tauseef M, Amin R, Joshi B, Joshi JC, Kini V, Klomp J, Li W, Knezevic N, Barbera N, Siddiqui S, Obukhov A, Karginov A, Levitan I, Komarova Y, Mehta D. Noncanonical function of long myosin light chain kinase in increasing ER-PM junctions and augmentation of SOCE. FASEB J 2020; 34:12805-12819. [PMID: 32772419 PMCID: PMC7496663 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902462rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Increased endothelial permeability leads to excessive exudation of plasma proteins and leukocytes in the interstitium, which characterizes several vascular diseases including acute lung injury. The myosin light chain kinase long (MYLK-L) isoform is canonically known to regulate the endothelial permeability by phosphorylating myosin light chain (MLC-P). Compared to the short MYLK isoform, MYLK-L contains an additional stretch of ~919 amino acid at the N-terminus of unknown function. We show that thapsigargin and thrombin-induced SOCE was markedly reduced in Mylk-L-/- endothelial cells (EC) or MYLK-L-depleted human EC. These agonists also failed to increase endothelial permeability in MYLK-L-depleted EC and Mylk-L-/- lungs, thus demonstrating the novel role of MYLK-L-induced SOCE in increasing vascular permeability. MYLK-L augmented SOCE by increasing endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-plasma membrane (PM) junctions and STIM1 translocation to these junctions. Transduction of N-MYLK domain (amino acids 1-919 devoid of catalytic activity) into Mylk-L-/- EC rescued SOCE to the level seen in control EC in a STIM1-dependent manner. N-MYLK-induced SOCE augmented endothelial permeability without MLC-P via an actin-binding motif, DVRGLL. Liposomal-mediated delivery of N-MYLK mutant but not ∆DVRGLL-N-MYLK mutant in Mylk-L-/- mice rescued vascular permeability increase in response to endotoxin, indicating that targeting of DVRGLL motif within MYLK-L may limit SOCE-induced vascular hyperpermeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nityanand Srivastava
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular BiologyThe University of Illinois, College of MedicineChicagoILUSA
| | - Mohammad Tauseef
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular BiologyThe University of Illinois, College of MedicineChicagoILUSA
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesChicago State University College of PharmacyChicagoILUSA
| | - Ruhul Amin
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular BiologyThe University of Illinois, College of MedicineChicagoILUSA
| | - Bhagwati Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular BiologyThe University of Illinois, College of MedicineChicagoILUSA
| | - Jagdish Chandra Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular BiologyThe University of Illinois, College of MedicineChicagoILUSA
| | - Vidisha Kini
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular BiologyThe University of Illinois, College of MedicineChicagoILUSA
| | - Jennifer Klomp
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular BiologyThe University of Illinois, College of MedicineChicagoILUSA
| | - Weenan Li
- Department of Cellular and Integrative PhysiologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA
| | - Nebojsa Knezevic
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular BiologyThe University of Illinois, College of MedicineChicagoILUSA
| | - Nicolas Barbera
- Department of MedicineThe Uniiversity of IllinoisChicagoILUSA
| | - Shahid Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular BiologyThe University of Illinois, College of MedicineChicagoILUSA
| | - Alexander Obukhov
- Department of Cellular and Integrative PhysiologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA
| | - Andrei Karginov
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular BiologyThe University of Illinois, College of MedicineChicagoILUSA
| | - Irena Levitan
- Department of MedicineThe Uniiversity of IllinoisChicagoILUSA
| | - Yulia Komarova
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular BiologyThe University of Illinois, College of MedicineChicagoILUSA
| | - Dolly Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular BiologyThe University of Illinois, College of MedicineChicagoILUSA
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesChicago State University College of PharmacyChicagoILUSA
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14
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Zhang S, Al-Maghout T, Cao H, Pelzl L, Salker MS, Veldhoen M, Cheng A, Lang F, Singh Y. Gut Bacterial Metabolite Urolithin A (UA) Mitigates Ca 2+ Entry in T Cells by Regulating miR-10a-5p. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1737. [PMID: 31417547 PMCID: PMC6685097 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota influences several biological functions including immune responses. Inflammatory bowel disease is favorably influenced by consumption of several dietary natural plant products such as pomegranate, walnuts, and berries containing polyphenolic compounds such as ellagitannins and ellagic acid. The gut microbiota metabolizes ellagic acid resulting in the formation of bioactive urolithins A, B, C, and D. Urolithin A (UA) is the most active and effective gut metabolite and acts as a potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant agent. However, whether gut metabolite UA affects the function of immune cells remains incompletely understood. T cell proliferation is stimulated by store operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) resulting from stimulation of Orai1 by STIM1/STIM2. We show here that treatment of murine CD4+ T cells with UA (10 μM, 3 days) significantly blunted SOCE in CD4+ T cells, an effect paralleled by significant downregulation of Orai1 and STIM1/2 transcript levels and protein abundance. UA treatment further increased miR-10a-5p abundance in CD4+ T cells in a dose dependent fashion. Overexpression of miR-10a-5p significantly decreased STIM1/2 and Orai1 mRNA and protein levels as well as SOCE in CD4+ T cells. UA further decreased CD4+ T cell proliferation. Thus, the gut bacterial metabolite UA increases miR-10a-5p levels thereby downregulating Orai1/STIM1/STIM2 expression, store operated Ca2+ entry, and proliferation of murine CD4+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaqiu Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tamer Al-Maghout
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hang Cao
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lisann Pelzl
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, Tübingen University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Madhuri S. Salker
- Research Institute of Women's Health, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marc Veldhoen
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Joâo Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yogesh Singh
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Tübingen University, Tübingen, Germany
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15
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Latour S, Mahouche I, Cherrier F, Azzi-Martin L, Velasco V, Soubeyran P, Merlio JP, Poglio S, Bresson-Bepoldin L. Calcium Independent Effect of Orai1 and STIM1 in Non-Hodgkin B Cell Lymphoma Dissemination. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10110402. [PMID: 30373149 PMCID: PMC6267368 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10110402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channels, composed of Orai1 and STIM1 (stromal interaction molecule 1) proteins, are the main Ca2+ entry mechanism in lymphocytes. Their role in cell migration and metastasis is demonstrated in solid cancers but it remains elusive in malignant hemopathies. Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is characterized by the dissemination of neoplastic B cells throughout the organism which is under the control of chemokines such as Stromal Derived Factor 1 (SDF-1) and its receptor CXCR4. CXCR4 activation triggers a complex intracellular signaling including an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration whose role is still unclear. Using pharmacological and genetic approaches, we revealed that STIM1 and Orai1 were responsible for Ca2+ influx induced by SDF-1. Furthermore, we provide in vitro and in vivo evidence that they are necessary for basal or SDF-1-induced DLBCL cell migration which is independent of Ca2+ entry. We identify that they act as effectors coupling RhoA and ROCK dependent signaling pathway to MLC2 phosphorylation and actin polymerization. Finally, we revealed an alteration of Orai1 and STIM1 expression in extra-nodal DLBCL. Thus, we discovered a novel Ca2+-independent but Orai1 and STIM1-dependent signaling pathway involved in basal and CXCR4 dependent cell migration, which could be relevant for DLBCL physiopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Latour
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1218 ACTION, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
- Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Isabelle Mahouche
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1218 ACTION, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
- Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Floriane Cherrier
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1053 BaRITOn, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Lamia Azzi-Martin
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1053 BaRITOn, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Valérie Velasco
- Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Pierre Soubeyran
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1218 ACTION, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
- Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Jean-Philippe Merlio
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1053 BaRITOn, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Sandrine Poglio
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1053 BaRITOn, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Laurence Bresson-Bepoldin
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux, France.
- INSERM, U1218 ACTION, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
- Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
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16
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Li G, Che H, Wu WY, Jie LJ, Xiao GS, Wang Y, Li GR. Bradykinin-mediated Ca 2+ signalling regulates cell growth and mobility in human cardiac c-Kit + progenitor cells. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4688-4699. [PMID: 30117680 PMCID: PMC6156395 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Our recent study showed that bradykinin increases cell cycling progression and migration of human cardiac c‐Kit+ progenitor cells by activating pAkt and pERK1/2 signals. This study investigated whether bradykinin‐mediated Ca2+ signalling participates in regulating cellular functions in cultured human cardiac c‐Kit+ progenitor cells using laser scanning confocal microscopy and biochemical approaches. It was found that bradykinin increased cytosolic free Ca2+ (Cai2+) by triggering a transient Ca2+ release from ER IP3Rs followed by sustained Ca2+ influx through store‐operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) channel. Blockade of B2 receptor with HOE140 or IP3Rs with araguspongin B or silencing IP3R3 with siRNA abolished both Ca2+ release and Ca2+ influx. It is interesting to note that the bradykinin‐induced cell cycle progression and migration were not observed in cells with siRNA‐silenced IP3R3 or the SOCE component TRPC1, Orai1 or STIM1. Also the bradykinin‐induced increase in pAkt and pERK1/2 as well as cyclin D1 was reduced in these cells. These results demonstrate for the first time that bradykinin‐mediated increase in free Cai2+ via ER‐IP3R3 Ca2+ release followed by Ca2+ influx through SOCE channel plays a crucial role in regulating cell growth and migration via activating pAkt, pERK1/2 and cyclin D1 in human cardiac c‐Kit+ progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui Che
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei-Yin Wu
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ling-Jun Jie
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Guo-Sheng Xiao
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Gui-Rong Li
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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17
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Yao JH, Liu ZJ, Yi JH, Wang J, Liu YN. Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Upregulates Intracellular Calcium Signaling by Binding C-terminal of Orail Protein. Curr Med Sci 2018; 38:26-34. [PMID: 30074148 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-018-1843-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus X (HBx) protein plays a pivotal role in the development of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. Although regulation of cytosolic calcium is essential for HBV replication and is mediated by HBx protein, the mechanism of HBx protein regulating intracellular calcium level remains poorly understood. The present study examined whether HBx protein elevated the intracellular calcium through interacting with storeoperated calcium entry (SOCE) components, Orail and stromal interaction molecule 1, and then identified the targets of HBx protein, with an attempt to understand the mechanism of HBx protein upsetting intracellular calcium homeostasis. By employing co-immunoprecipitation and GST-pull-down assay, we found that Orail protein interacted with HBx protein, and the C-terminus of Orail was implicated in the interaction. Confocal microscopy also revealed that HBx protein could co-localize with full-length Orail protein in HEK293 cells. Moreover, live cell calcium imaging exhibited that HBx protein elevated intracellular calcium, possibly by binding to SOCE components. Our results suggest that HBx protein binds to STIM1-Orail complexes to positively regulate the activity of plasma membrane store-operated calcium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hong Yao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zi-Jian Liu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Jian-Hua Yi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Ya-Nan Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
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18
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Furukawa Y, Haruyama N, Nikaido M, Nakanishi M, Ryu N, Oh-Hora M, Kuremoto K, Yoshizaki K, Takano Y, Takahashi I. Stim1 Regulates Enamel Mineralization and Ameloblast Modulation. J Dent Res 2017; 96:1422-1429. [PMID: 28732182 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517719872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channel genes ORAI1 and STIM1 abolish store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) and result in ectodermal dysplasia with amelogenesis imperfecta. However, because of the limited availability of patient tissue, analyses of enamel mineralization or possible changes in ameloblast function or morphology have not been possible. Here, we generated mice with ectodermal tissue-specific deletion of Stim1 ( Stim1 cKO [conditional knockout]), Stim2 ( Stim2 cKO), and Stim1 and Stim2 ( Stim1/2 cKO) and analyzed their enamel phenotypes as compared with those of control ( Stim1/2fl/fl) animals. Ablation of Stim1 and Stim1/2 but not Stim2 expression resulted in chalky enamel and severe attrition at the incisor tips and molar cusps. Stim1 and Stim1/2 cKO, but not Stim2 cKO, demonstrated inferior enamel mineralization with impaired structural integrity, whereas the shape of the teeth and enamel thickness appeared to be normal in all animals. The gene expression levels of the enamel matrix proteins Amelx and Ambn and the enamel matrix proteases Mmp20 and Klk4 were not altered by the abrogation of SOCE in Stim1/2 cKO mice. The morphology of ameloblasts during the secretory and maturation stages was not significantly altered in either the incisors or molars of the cKO animals. However, in Stim1 and Stim1/2 cKO incisors, the alternating modulation of maturation-stage ameloblasts between the smooth- and ruffle-ended cell types continued beyond the regular cycle and extended to the areas corresponding to the zone of postmodulation ameloblasts in the teeth of control animals. These results indicate that SOCE is essential for proper enamel mineralization, in which Stim1 plays a critical role during the maturation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Furukawa
- 1 Section of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,2 Institute of Decision Science Program for Sustainable Society, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - N Haruyama
- 1 Section of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Nikaido
- 1 Section of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Nakanishi
- 1 Section of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - N Ryu
- 1 Section of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Oh-Hora
- 3 Division of Molecular Immunology, Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Kuremoto
- 4 Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - K Yoshizaki
- 1 Section of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Y Takano
- 5 Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - I Takahashi
- 1 Section of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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19
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Subedi KP, Ong HL, Ambudkar IS. Assembly of ER-PM Junctions: A Critical Determinant in the Regulation of SOCE and TRPC1. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 981:253-276. [PMID: 29594865 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55858-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), a unique plasma membrane Ca2+ entry mechanism, is activated when ER-[Ca2+] is decreased. SOCE is mediated via the primary channel, Orai1, as well as others such as TRPC1. STIM1 and STIM2 are ER-Ca2+ sensor proteins that regulate Orai1 and TRPC1. SOCE requires assembly of STIM proteins with the plasma membrane channels which occurs within distinct regions in the cell that have been termed as endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-plasma membrane (PM) junctions. The PM and ER are in close proximity to each other within this region, which allows STIM1 in the ER to interact with and activate either Orai1 or TRPC1 in the plasma membrane. Activation and regulation of SOCE involves dynamic assembly of various components that are involved in mediating Ca2+ entry as well as those that determine the formation and stabilization of the junctions. These components include proteins in the cytosol, ER and PM, as well as lipids in the PM. Recent studies have also suggested that SOCE and its components are compartmentalized within ER-PM junctions and that this process might require remodeling of the plasma membrane lipids and reorganization of structural and scaffolding proteins. Such compartmentalization leads to the generation of spatially- and temporally-controlled Ca2+signals that are critical for regulating many downstream cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna P Subedi
- Secretory Physiology Section, Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, NIDCR, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hwei Ling Ong
- Secretory Physiology Section, Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, NIDCR, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Indu S Ambudkar
- Secretory Physiology Section, Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, NIDCR, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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20
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Immunological Disorders: Regulation of Ca 2+ Signaling in T Lymphocytes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 993:397-424. [PMID: 28900926 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-57732-6_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Engagement of T cell receptors (TCRs) with cognate antigens triggers cascades of signaling pathways in helper T cells. TCR signaling is essential for the effector function of helper T cells including proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production. It also modulates effector T cell fate by inducing cell death, anergy (nonresponsiveness), exhaustion, and generation of regulatory T cells. One of the main axes of TCR signaling is the Ca2+-calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) signaling pathway. Stimulation of TCRs triggers depletion of intracellular Ca2+ store and, in turn, activates store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) to raise the intracellular Ca2+ concentration. SOCE in T cells is mediated by the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels, which have been very well characterized in terms of their electrophysiological properties. Identification of STIM1 as a sensor to detect depletion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ store and Orai1 as the pore subunit of CRAC channels has dramatically advanced our understanding of the regulatory mechanism of Ca2+ signaling in T cells. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of Ca2+ signaling in T cells with specific focus on the mechanism of CRAC channel activation and regulation via protein interactions. In addition, we will discuss the role of CRAC channels in effector T cells, based on the analyses of genetically modified animal models.
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21
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Chakraborty S, Deb BK, Chorna T, Konieczny V, Taylor CW, Hasan G. Mutant IP3 receptors attenuate store-operated Ca2+ entry by destabilizing STIM-Orai interactions in Drosophila neurons. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:3903-3910. [PMID: 27591258 PMCID: PMC5087660 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.191585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) occurs when loss of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stimulates the Ca2+ sensor, STIM, to cluster and activate the plasma membrane Ca2+ channel Orai (encoded by Olf186-F in flies). Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs, which are encoded by a single gene in flies) are assumed to regulate SOCE solely by mediating ER Ca2+ release. We show that in Drosophila neurons, mutant IP3R attenuates SOCE evoked by depleting Ca2+ stores with thapsigargin. In normal neurons, store depletion caused STIM and the IP3R to accumulate near the plasma membrane, association of STIM with Orai, clustering of STIM and Orai at ER–plasma-membrane junctions and activation of SOCE. These responses were attenuated in neurons with mutant IP3Rs and were rescued by overexpression of STIM with Orai. We conclude that, after depletion of Ca2+ stores in Drosophila, translocation of the IP3R to ER–plasma-membrane junctions facilitates the coupling of STIM to Orai that leads to activation of SOCE. Summary: In Drosophila neurons, mutant IP3 receptors disrupt store-operated Ca2+ entry by destabilizing interaction of STIM with the Ca2+ channel, Orai. The interactions could coordinate store emptying with Ca2+ entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumita Chakraborty
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560065, India Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Bipan K Deb
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Tetyana Chorna
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Vera Konieczny
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Colin W Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Gaiti Hasan
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560065, India
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22
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Srivats S, Balasuriya D, Pasche M, Vistal G, Edwardson JM, Taylor CW, Murrell-Lagnado RD. Sigma1 receptors inhibit store-operated Ca2+ entry by attenuating coupling of STIM1 to Orai1. J Cell Biol 2016; 213:65-79. [PMID: 27069021 PMCID: PMC4828687 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201506022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma1 receptors (σ1Rs) are expressed widely; they bind diverse ligands, including psychotropic drugs and steroids, regulate many ion channels, and are implicated in cancer and addiction. It is not known how σ1Rs exert such varied effects. We demonstrate that σ1Rs inhibit store-operated Ca(2+)entry (SOCE), a major Ca(2+)influx pathway, and reduce the Ca(2+)content of the intracellular stores. SOCE was inhibited by expression of σ1R or an agonist of σ1R and enhanced by loss of σ1R or an antagonist. Within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), σ1R associated with STIM1, the ER Ca(2+)sensor that regulates SOCE. This interaction was modulated by σ1R ligands. After depletion of Ca(2+)stores, σ1R accompanied STIM1 to ER-plasma membrane (PM) junctions where STIM1 stimulated opening of the Ca(2+)channel, Orai1. The association of STIM1 with σ1R slowed the recruitment of STIM1 to ER-PM junctions and reduced binding of STIM1 to PM Orai1. We conclude that σ1R attenuates STIM1 coupling to Orai1 and thereby inhibits SOCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Srivats
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, England, UK
| | - Dilshan Balasuriya
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, England, UK
| | - Mathias Pasche
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, England, UK
| | - Gerard Vistal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, England, UK
| | - J Michael Edwardson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, England, UK
| | - Colin W Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, England, UK
| | - Ruth D Murrell-Lagnado
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, England, UK Sussex Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, England, UK
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23
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Badran YR, Massaad MJ, Bainter W, Cangemi B, Naseem SUR, Javad H, Al-Tamemi S, Geha RS, Chou J. Combined immunodeficiency due to a homozygous mutation in ORAI1 that deletes the C-terminus that interacts with STIM 1. Clin Immunol 2016; 166-167:100-2. [PMID: 27063589 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
ORAI1 is the pore-forming subunit of the calcium release-activated calcium channel responsible for calcium influx into cells triggered by endoplasmic reticulum store depletion. We report here a patient with severe combined immunodeficiency and absent store-operated calcium entry due to a novel mutation in ORAI1 that results in the expression of a C-terminally truncated protein that abolishes ORAI1 binding to STIM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef R Badran
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michel J Massaad
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wayne Bainter
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brittney Cangemi
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Hashim Javad
- Department of Pediatrics, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Salem Al-Tamemi
- Department of Pediatrics, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Raif S Geha
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Janet Chou
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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24
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Junctophilin-4, a component of the endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane junctions, regulates Ca2+ dynamics in T cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:2762-7. [PMID: 26929330 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1524229113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Orai1 and stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) mediate store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) in immune cells. STIM1, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+) sensor, detects store depletion and interacts with plasma membrane (PM)-resident Orai1 channels at the ER-PM junctions. However, the molecular composition of these junctions in T cells remains poorly understood. Here, we show that junctophilin-4 (JP4), a member of junctional proteins in excitable cells, is expressed in T cells and localized at the ER-PM junctions to regulate Ca(2+) signaling. Silencing or genetic manipulation of JP4 decreased ER Ca(2+) content and SOCE in T cells, impaired activation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and extracellular signaling-related kinase (ERK) signaling pathways, and diminished expression of activation markers and cytokines. Mechanistically, JP4 directly interacted with STIM1 via its cytoplasmic domain and facilitated its recruitment into the junctions. Accordingly, expression of this cytoplasmic fragment of JP4 inhibited SOCE. Furthermore, JP4 also formed a complex with junctate, a Ca(2+)-sensing ER-resident protein, previously shown to mediate STIM1 recruitment into the junctions. We propose that the junctate-JP4 complex located at the junctions cooperatively interacts with STIM1 to maintain ER Ca(2+) homeostasis and mediate SOCE in T cells.
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25
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Ouyang S, Han G, Wu X, Jiang Z, Feng JM. Accelerated progression of Hodgkin's-like lymphomas in golli deficient SJL mice. Cell Immunol 2016; 302:41-49. [PMID: 26877250 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneously occurring lymphomas in SJL mice have many pathological features similar to Hodgkin's lymphoma in humans. The malignant growth of the tumor cells is dependent on the support of host FoxP3(+)CD4(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs). In this study, we report that the ablation of golli protein, a negative regulator of CRAC (calcium release activated calcium) channel, in SJL mice results in an accelerated progression of Hodgkin's-like lymphoma which is accompanied by a facilitated conversion of FoxP3(+) Treg cells. Our results suggest that golli protein might affect the progression of Hodgkin's-like lymphomas through regulating the induction of Treg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suidong Ouyang
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Guangming Han
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Xiaochu Wu
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Zhengfan Jiang
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ji-Ming Feng
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
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26
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Xia L, Cheung KK, Yeung SS, Yeung EW. The involvement of transient receptor potential canonical type 1 in skeletal muscle regrowth after unloading-induced atrophy. J Physiol 2016; 594:3111-26. [PMID: 26752511 DOI: 10.1113/jp271705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Decreased mechanical loading results in skeletal muscle atrophy. The transient receptor potential canonical type 1 (TRPC1) protein is implicated in this process. Investigation of the regulation of TRPC1 in vivo has rarely been reported. In the present study, we employ the mouse hindlimb unloading and reloading model to examine the involvement of TRPC1 in the regulation of muscle atrophy and regrowth, respectively. We establish the physiological relevance of the concept that manipulation of TRPC1 could interfere with muscle regrowth processes following an atrophy-inducing event. Specifically, we show that suppressing TRPC1 expression during reloading impairs the recovery of the muscle mass and slow myosin heavy chain profile. Calcineurin appears to be part of the signalling pathway involved in the regulation of TRPC1 expression during muscle regrowth. These results provide new insights concerning the function of TRPC1. Interventions targeting TRPC1 or its downstream or upstream pathways could be useful for promoting muscle regeneration. ABSTRACT Decreased mechanical loading, such as bed rest, results in skeletal muscle atrophy. The functional consequences of decreased mechanical loading include a loss of muscle mass and decreased muscle strength, particularly in anti-gravity muscles. The purpose of this investigation was to clarify the regulatory role of the transient receptor potential canonical type 1 (TRPC1) protein during muscle atrophy and regrowth. Mice were subjected to 14 days of hindlimb unloading followed by 3, 7, 14 and 28 days of reloading. Weight-bearing mice were used as controls. TRPC1 expression in the soleus muscle decreased significantly and persisted at 7 days of reloading. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated downregulation of TRPC1 in weight-bearing soleus muscles resulted in a reduced muscle mass and a reduced myofibre cross-sectional area (CSA). Microinjecting siRNA into soleus muscles in vivo after 7 days of reloading provided further evidence for the role of TRPC1 in regulating muscle regrowth. Myofibre CSA, as well as the percentage of slow myosin heavy chain-positive myofibres, was significantly lower in TRPC1-siRNA-expressing muscles than in control muscles after 14 days of reloading. Additionally, inhibition of calcineurin (CaN) activity downregulated TRPC1 expression in both weight-bearing and reloaded muscles, suggesting a possible association between CaN and TRPC1 during skeletal muscle regrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xia
- Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Rehabilitation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Rehabilitation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kwok-Kuen Cheung
- Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Simon S Yeung
- Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Ella W Yeung
- Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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27
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Derler I, Jardin I, Stathopulos PB, Muik M, Fahrner M, Zayats V, Pandey SK, Poteser M, Lackner B, Absolonova M, Schindl R, Groschner K, Ettrich R, Ikura M, Romanin C. Cholesterol modulates Orai1 channel function. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra10. [PMID: 26814231 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aad7808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
STIM1 (stromal interaction molecule 1) and Orai proteins are the essential components of Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels. We focused on the role of cholesterol in the regulation of STIM1-mediated Orai1 currents. Chemically induced cholesterol depletion enhanced store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) and Orai1 currents. Furthermore, cholesterol depletion in mucosal-type mast cells augmented endogenous CRAC currents, which were associated with increased degranulation, a process that requires calcium influx. Single point mutations in the Orai1 amino terminus that would be expected to abolish cholesterol binding enhanced SOCE to a similar extent as did cholesterol depletion. The increase in Orai1 activity in cells expressing these cholesterol-binding-deficient mutants occurred without affecting the amount in the plasma membrane or the coupling of STIM1 to Orai1. We detected cholesterol binding to an Orai1 amino-terminal fragment in vitro and to full-length Orai1 in cells. Thus, our data showed that Orai1 senses the amount of cholesterol in the plasma membrane and that the interaction of Orai1 with cholesterol inhibits its activity, thereby limiting SOCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Derler
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria.
| | - Isaac Jardin
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Peter B Stathopulos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Martin Muik
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Marc Fahrner
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Vasilina Zayats
- Center for Nanobiology and Structural Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ-373 33 Nové Hrady, Czech Republic
| | - Saurabh K Pandey
- Center for Nanobiology and Structural Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ-373 33 Nové Hrady, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Poteser
- Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/4, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Lackner
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Marketa Absolonova
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Rainer Schindl
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Klaus Groschner
- Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/4, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Rüdiger Ettrich
- Center for Nanobiology and Structural Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ-373 33 Nové Hrady, Czech Republic
| | - Mitsu Ikura
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Christoph Romanin
- Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria.
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28
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Abstract
Store Operated Ca(2+) Entry (SOCE), the main Ca(2+) influx mechanism in non-excitable cells, is implicated in the immune response and has been reported to be affected in several pathologies including cancer. The basic molecular constituents of SOCE are Orai, the pore forming unit, and STIM, a multidomain protein with at least two principal functions: one is to sense the Ca(2+) content inside the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum(ER) and the second is to activate Orai channels upon depletion of the ER. The link between Ca(2+) depletion inside the ER and Ca(2+) influx from extracellular media is through a direct association of STIM and Orai, but for this to occur, both molecules have to interact and form clusters where ER and plasma membrane (PM) are intimately apposed. In recent years a great number of components have been identified as participants in SOCE regulation, including regions of plasma membrane enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids, the so called lipid rafts, which recruit a complex platform of specialized microdomains, which cells use to regulate spatiotemporal Ca(2+) signals.
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29
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Tmem178 acts in a novel negative feedback loop targeting NFATc1 to regulate bone mass. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:15654-9. [PMID: 26644563 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1511285112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase C gamma-2 (PLCγ2)-dependent calcium (Ca(2+)) oscillations are indispensable for nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) activation and downstream gene transcription driving osteoclastogenesis during skeletal remodeling and pathological bone loss. Here we describe, to our knowledge, the first known function of transmembrane protein 178 (Tmem178), a PLCγ2 downstream target gene, as a critical modulator of the NFATc1 axis. In surprising contrast to the osteopetrotic phenotype of PLCγ2(-/-) mice, Tmem178(-/-) mice are osteopenic in basal conditions and are more susceptible to inflammatory bone loss, owing to enhanced osteoclast formation. Mechanistically, Tmem178 localizes to the ER membrane and regulates RANKL-induced Ca(2+) fluxes, thus controlling NFATc1 induction. Importantly, down-regulation of Tmem178 is observed in human CD14(+) monocytes exposed to plasma from systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients. Similar to the mouse model, reduced Tmem178 expression in human cells correlates with excessive osteoclastogenesis. In sum, these findings identify an essential role for Tmem178 to maintain skeletal mass and limit pathological bone loss.
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30
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Dental enamel cells express functional SOCE channels. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15803. [PMID: 26515404 PMCID: PMC4626795 DOI: 10.1038/srep15803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental enamel formation requires large quantities of Ca(2+) yet the mechanisms mediating Ca(2+) dynamics in enamel cells are unclear. Store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) channels are important Ca(2+) influx mechanisms in many cells. SOCE involves release of Ca(2+) from intracellular pools followed by Ca(2+) entry. The best-characterized SOCE channels are the Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels. As patients with mutations in the CRAC channel genes STIM1 and ORAI1 show abnormal enamel mineralization, we hypothesized that CRAC channels might be an important Ca(2+) uptake mechanism in enamel cells. Investigating primary murine enamel cells, we found that key components of CRAC channels (ORAI1, ORAI2, ORAI3, STIM1, STIM2) were expressed and most abundant during the maturation stage of enamel development. Furthermore, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) but not ryanodine receptor (RyR) expression was high in enamel cells suggesting that IP3Rs are the main ER Ca(2+) release mechanism. Passive depletion of ER Ca(2+) stores with thapsigargin resulted in a significant raise in [Ca(2+)]i consistent with SOCE. In cells pre-treated with the CRAC channel blocker Synta-66 Ca(2+) entry was significantly inhibited. These data demonstrate that enamel cells have SOCE mediated by CRAC channels and implicate them as a mechanism for Ca(2+) uptake in enamel formation.
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31
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Che H, Li G, Sun HY, Xiao GS, Wang Y, Li GR. Roles of store-operated Ca2+ channels in regulating cell cycling and migration of human cardiac c-kit+ progenitor cells. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H1772-81. [PMID: 26453325 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00260.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac c-kit(+) progenitor cells are important for maintaining cardiac homeostasis and can potentially contribute to myocardial repair. However, cellular physiology of human cardiac c-kit(+) progenitor cells is not well understood. The present study investigates the functional store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) channels and the potential role in regulating cell cycling and migration using confocal microscopy, RT-PCR, Western blot, coimmunoprecipitation, cell proliferation, and migration assays. We found that SOCE channels mediated Ca(2+) influx, and TRPC1, STIM1, and Orai1 were involved in the formation of SOCE channels in human cardiac c-kit(+) progenitor cells. Silencing TRPC1, STIM1, or Orai1 with the corresponding siRNA significantly reduced the Ca(2+) signaling through SOCE channels, decreased cell proliferation and migration, and reduced expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, and/or p-Akt. Our results demonstrate the novel information that Ca(2+) signaling through SOCE channels regulates cell cycling and migration via activating cyclin D1, cyclin E, and/or p-Akt in human cardiac c-kit(+) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Che
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; and
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; and Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hai-Ying Sun
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; and
| | - Guo-Sheng Xiao
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Gui-Rong Li
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; and Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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32
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Abstract
Decreases in endoplasmic reticulum calcium content are sensed by resident STIM proteins, which can activate plasma membrane Orai channels to facilitate Ca(2+) entry. The role of STIMATE, a previously unknown component of the store-operated calcium entry complex, has now been identified and defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hooper
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology,
Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Jonathan Soboloff
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology,
Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
- Department of Medical Genetics & Molecular
Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140,
USA
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33
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Derré I. Chlamydiae interaction with the endoplasmic reticulum: contact, function and consequences. Cell Microbiol 2015; 17:959-66. [PMID: 25930206 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydiae and chlamydiae-related organisms are obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens. They reside in a membrane-bound compartment termed the inclusion and have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to interact with cellular organelles. This review focuses on the nature, the function(s) and the consequences of chlamydiae-inclusion interaction with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The inclusion membrane establishes very close contact with the ER at specific sites termed ER-inclusion membrane contact sites (MCSs). These MCSs are constituted of a specific set of factors, including the C. trachomatis effector protein IncD and the host cell proteins CERT and VAPA/B. Because CERT and VAPA/B have a demonstrated role in the non-vesicular trafficking of lipids between the ER and the Golgi, it was proposed that Chlamydia establish MCSs with the ER to acquire host lipids. However, the recruitment of additional factors to ER-inclusion MCSs, such as the ER calcium sensor STIM1, may suggest additional functions unrelated to lipid acquisition. Finally, chlamydiae interaction with the ER appears to induce the ER stress response, but this response is quickly dampened by chlamydiae to promote host cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Derré
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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34
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Nohara LL, Stanwood SR, Omilusik KD, Jefferies WA. Tweeters, Woofers and Horns: The Complex Orchestration of Calcium Currents in T Lymphocytes. Front Immunol 2015; 6:234. [PMID: 26052328 PMCID: PMC4440397 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevation of intracellular calcium ion (Ca2+) levels is a vital event that regulates T lymphocyte homeostasis, activation, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The mechanisms that regulate intracellular Ca2+ signaling in lymphocytes involve tightly controlled concinnity of multiple ion channels, membrane receptors, and signaling molecules. T cell receptor (TCR) engagement results in depletion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores and subsequent sustained influx of extracellular Ca2+ through Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels in the plasma membrane. This process termed store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) involves the ER Ca2+ sensing molecule, STIM1, and a pore-forming plasma membrane protein, ORAI1. However, several other important Ca2+ channels that are instrumental in T cell function also exist. In this review, we discuss the role of additional Ca2+ channel families expressed on the plasma membrane of T cells that likely contribute to Ca2+ influx following TCR engagement, which include the TRP channels, the NMDA receptors, the P2X receptors, and the IP3 receptors, with a focus on the voltage-dependent Ca2+ (CaV) channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian L Nohara
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada
| | - Shawna R Stanwood
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada
| | - Kyla D Omilusik
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada
| | - Wilfred A Jefferies
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada ; Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada ; The Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada ; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada ; Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada
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35
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STIM1 Is a Novel Component of ER-Chlamydia trachomatis Inclusion Membrane Contact Sites. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125671. [PMID: 25915399 PMCID: PMC4411163 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Productive developmental cycle of the obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis depends on the interaction of the replicative vacuole, named the inclusion, with cellular organelles. We have recently reported the formation of ER-Inclusion membrane contact sites (MCSs), where the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is in apposition to the inclusion membrane. These platforms contain the C. trachomatis inclusion membrane protein IncD, the mammalian ceramide transfer protein CERT and the ER resident proteins VAPA/B and were proposed to play a role in the non-vesicular trafficking of lipids to the inclusion. Here, we identify STIM1 as a novel component of ER-Inclusion MCSs. STIM1, an ER calcium (Ca2+) sensor that relocate to ER-Plasma Membrane (PM) MCSs upon Ca2+ store depletion, associated with C. trachomatis inclusion. STIM1, but not the general ER markers Rtn3C and Sec61ß, was enriched at the inclusion membrane. Ultra-structural studies demonstrated that STIM1 localized to ER-Inclusion MCSs. Time-course experiments showed that STIM1, CERT and VAPB co-localized throughout the developmental cycle. By contrast, Orai1, the PM Ca2+ channel that interacts with STIM1 at ER-PM MCSs, did not associate with C. trachomatis inclusion. Upon ER Ca2+ store depletion, a pool of STIM1 relocated to ER-PM MCSs, while the existing ER-Inclusion MCSs remained enriched in STIM1. Finally, we have identified the CAD domain, which mediates STIM1-Orai1 interaction, as the minimal domain required for STIM1 enrichment at ER-Inclusion MCSs. Altogether this study identifies STIM1 as a novel component of ER-C. trachomatis inclusion MCSs. We discuss the potential role(s) of STIM1 during the infection process.
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Shimoda LMN, Showman A, Baker JD, Lange I, Koomoa DL, Stokes AJ, Borris RP, Turner H. Differential regulation of calcium signalling pathways by components of Piper methysticum ('Awa). Phytother Res 2015; 29:582-90. [PMID: 25640812 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Kava is a soporific, anxiolytic and relaxant in widespread ritual and recreational use throughout the Pacific. Traditional uses of kava by indigenous Pacific Island peoples reflect a complex pharmacopeia, centered on GABA-ergic effects of the well-characterized kavalactones. However, peripheral effects of kava suggest active components other than the CNS-targeted kavalactones. We have previously shown that immunocytes exhibit calcium mobilization in response to traditionally prepared kava extracts, and that the kavalactones do not induce these calcium responses. Here, we characterize the complex calcium-mobilizing activity of traditionally prepared and partially HPLC-purified kava extracts, noting induction of both calcium entry and store release pathways. Kava components activate intracellular store depletion of thapsigargin-sensitive and -insensitive stores that are coupled to the calcium release activated (CRAC) current, and cause calcium entry through non-store-operated pathways. Together with the pepper-like potency reported by kava users, these studies lead us to hypothesize that kava extracts contain one or more ligands for the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of ion channels. Indeed, TRP-like conductances are observed in kava-treated cells under patch clamp. Thus TRP-mediated cellular effects may be responsible for some of the reported pharmacology of kava.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M N Shimoda
- Laboratory of Immunology and Signal Transduction, Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Chaminade University, Honolulu, HI, United States
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Wilkinson TCI, Gardener MJ, Williams WA. Discovery of Functional Antibodies Targeting Ion Channels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 20:454-67. [DOI: 10.1177/1087057114560698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ion channels play critical roles in physiology and disease by modulation of cellular functions such as electrical excitability, secretion, cell migration, and gene transcription. Ion channels represent an important target class for drug discovery that has been largely addressed, to date, using small-molecule approaches. A significant opportunity exists to target these channels with antibodies and alternative formats of biologics. Antibodies display high specificity and affinity for their target antigen, and they have the potential to target ion channels very selectively. Nevertheless, isolating antibodies to this target class is challenging due to the difficulties in expression and purification of ion channels in a format suitable for antibody drug discovery in addition to the complexity of screening for function. In this article, we will review the current state of ion channel biologics discovery and the progress that has been made. We will also highlight the challenges in isolating functional antibodies to these targets and how these challenges may be addressed. Finally, we also illustrate successful approaches to isolating functional monoclonal antibodies targeting ion channels by way of a number of case studies drawn from recent publications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wendy A. Williams
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Cambridge, UK
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Abstract
The signal peptide peptidase (SPP)-related intramembrane aspartyl proteases are a homologous group of polytopic membrane proteins, some of which function in innate or adaptive immunity by cleaving proteins involved in antigen presentation or intracellular signaling. Signal peptide peptidase-like 3 (SPPL3) is a poorly characterized endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized member of this family, with no validated cellular substrates. We report here the isolation of SPPL3 in a screen for activators of NFAT, a transcription factor that controls lymphocyte development and function. We find that SPPL3 is required downstream of T cell receptor engagement for maximal Ca(2+) influx and NFAT activation. Surprisingly, the proteolytic activity of SPPL3 is not required for its role in this pathway. SPPL3 enhances the signal-induced association of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and Orai1 and is even required for the full activity of constitutively active STIM1 variants that bind Orai1 independently of ER Ca(2+) release. SPPL3 associates with STIM1 through at least two independent domains, the transmembrane region and the CRAC activation domain (CAD), and can promote the association of the STIM1 CAD with Orai1. Our results assign a function in lymphocyte signaling to SPPL3 and highlight the emerging importance of nonproteolytic functions for members of the intramembrane aspartyl protease family.
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Zhang X, Zhang W, González-Cobos JC, Jardin I, Romanin C, Matrougui K, Trebak M. Complex role of STIM1 in the activation of store-independent Orai1/3 channels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 143:345-59. [PMID: 24567509 PMCID: PMC3933941 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201311084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Orai proteins contribute to Ca(2+) entry into cells through both store-dependent, Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels (Orai1) and store-independent, arachidonic acid (AA)-regulated Ca(2+) (ARC) and leukotriene C4 (LTC4)-regulated Ca(2+) (LRC) channels (Orai1/3 heteromultimers). Although activated by fundamentally different mechanisms, CRAC channels, like ARC and LRC channels, require stromal interacting molecule 1 (STIM1). The role of endoplasmic reticulum-resident STIM1 (ER-STIM1) in CRAC channel activation is widely accepted. Although ER-STIM1 is necessary and sufficient for LRC channel activation in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), the minor pool of STIM1 located at the plasma membrane (PM-STIM1) is necessary for ARC channel activation in HEK293 cells. To determine whether ARC and LRC conductances are mediated by the same or different populations of STIM1, Orai1, and Orai3 proteins, we used whole-cell and perforated patch-clamp recording to compare AA- and LTC4-activated currents in VSMCs and HEK293 cells. We found that both cell types show indistinguishable nonadditive LTC4- and AA-activated currents that require both Orai1 and Orai3, suggesting that both conductances are mediated by the same channel. Experiments using a nonmetabolizable form of AA or an inhibitor of 5-lipooxygenase suggested that ARC and LRC currents in both cell types could be activated by either LTC4 or AA, with LTC4 being more potent. Although PM-STIM1 was required for current activation by LTC4 and AA under whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in both cell types, ER-STIM1 was sufficient with perforated patch recordings. These results demonstrate that ARC and LRC currents are mediated by the same cellular populations of STIM1, Orai1, and Orai3, and suggest a complex role for both ER-STIM1 and PM-STIM1 in regulating these store-independent Orai1/3 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexin Zhang
- Nanobioscience Constellation, State University of New York College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Albany, NY 12203
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40
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Asanov A, Sampieri A, Moreno C, Pacheco J, Salgado A, Sherry R, Vaca L. Combined single channel and single molecule detection identifies subunit composition of STIM1-activated transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels. Cell Calcium 2014; 57:1-13. [PMID: 25465892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Depletion of intracellular calcium ion stores initiates a rapid cascade of events culminating with the activation of the so-called Store-Operated Channels (SOC) at the plasma membrane. Calcium influx via SOC is essential in the initiation of calcium-dependent intracellular signaling and for the refilling of internal calcium stores, ensuring the regeneration of the signaling cascade. In spite of the significance of this evolutionary conserved mechanism, the molecular identity of SOC has been the center of a heated controversy spanning over the last 20 years. Initial studies positioned some members of the transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channel superfamily of channels (with the more robust evidence pointing to TRPC1) as a putative SOC. Recent evidence indicates that Stromal Interacting Molecule 1 (STIM1) activates some members from the TRPC family of channels. However, the exact subunit composition of TRPC channels remains undetermined to this date. To identify the subunit composition of STIM1-activated TRPC channels, we developed novel method, which combines single channel electrophysiological measurements based on the patch clamp technique with single molecule fluorescence imaging. We termed this method Single ion Channel Single Molecule Detection technique (SC-SMD). Using SC-SMD method, we have obtained direct evidence of the subunit composition of TRPC channels activated by STIM1. Furthermore, our electrophysiological-imaging SC-SMD method provides evidence at the molecular level of the mechanism by which STIM1 and calmodulin antagonize to modulate TRPC channel activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alicia Sampieri
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México, DF 04510, Mexico
| | - Claudia Moreno
- Deparment of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jonathan Pacheco
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México, DF 04510, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Salgado
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER), México, DF 04510, Mexico
| | - Ryan Sherry
- BitLevel Controls, 416 Market Street, Suite 205, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
| | - Luis Vaca
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México, DF 04510, Mexico.
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Stromal interaction molecules as important therapeutic targets in diseases with dysregulated calcium flux. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:2307-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Sugiyama H, Chandler DE. Sperm guidance to the egg finds calcium at the helm. PROTOPLASMA 2014; 251:461-475. [PMID: 24085342 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-013-0550-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Sperm respond to multiple cues during guidance to the egg including chemical attractants, temperature, and fluid flow. Of these, sperm chemotaxis has been studied most extensively-over 100 years-but only recently has it started to be understood at the molecular level. The long gestation in this understanding has largely been due to technical limitations that include the detection of calcium signal dynamics in a relatively small structure-the flagellum, measurement of actual chemoattractant gradients, the fact that only subpopulations of sperm respond at any given time, and the diversity in swimming behaviors that sperm exhibit from different species. Today, measurements of flagellar calcium signals on a fast time scale, discovery of the ion channels and organelles that may regulate these signals, and better understanding and quantitation of sperm swimming behaviors involved have given more certainty to our understanding of sperm directional swimming and its control by characteristic, calcium-directed asymmetric flagellar bends. Future research will need to apply these technical advances to other forms of sperm guidance such as thermotaxis and rheotaxis as well as gaining an understanding of how the flagellar apparatus is controlled by calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Sugiyama
- Science and Technology Group, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
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43
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Goonasekera SA, Davis J, Kwong JQ, Accornero F, Wei-LaPierre L, Sargent MA, Dirksen RT, Molkentin JD. Enhanced Ca²⁺ influx from STIM1-Orai1 induces muscle pathology in mouse models of muscular dystrophy. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:3706-15. [PMID: 24556214 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscular dystrophy is a progressive muscle wasting disease that is thought to be initiated by unregulated Ca(2+) influx into myofibers leading to their death. Store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) through sarcolemmal Ca(2+) selective Orai1 channels in complex with STIM1 in the sarcoplasmic reticulum is one such potential disease mechanism for pathologic Ca(2+) entry. Here, we generated a mouse model of STIM1 overexpression in skeletal muscle to determine whether this type of Ca(2+) entry could induce muscular dystrophy. Myofibers from muscle-specific STIM1 transgenic mice showed a significant increase in SOCE in skeletal muscle, modeling an observed increase in the same current in dystrophic myofibers. Histological and biochemical analysis of STIM1 transgenic mice showed fulminant muscle disease characterized by myofiber necrosis, swollen mitochondria, infiltration of inflammatory cells, enhanced interstitial fibrosis and elevated serum creatine kinase levels. This dystrophic-like disease in STIM1 transgenic mice was abrogated by crossing in a transgene expressing a dominant-negative Orai1 (dnOrai1) mutant. The dnOrai1 transgene also significantly reduced the severity of muscular dystrophy in both mdx (dystrophin mutant mice) and δ-sarcoglycan-deficient (Sgcd(-/-)) mouse models of disease. Hence, Ca(2+) influx across an unstable sarcolemma due to increased activity of a STIM1-Orai1 complex is a disease determinant in muscular dystrophy, and hence, SOCE represents a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lan Wei-LaPierre
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Robert T Dirksen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jeffery D Molkentin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA and
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44
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Srikanth S, Gwack Y. Molecular regulation of the pore component of CRAC channels, Orai1. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2014; 71:181-207. [PMID: 23890116 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407870-3.00008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) is a fundamental mechanism ubiquitously employed by cells to elevate intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations ([Ca(2+)]i). Increased intracellular Ca(2+) ions act as a second messenger that can stimulate a variety of downstream signaling pathways affecting proliferation, secretion, differentiation, and death of cells. In immune cells, immune receptor stimulation induces endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) store depletion that subsequently activates Ca(2+)-release-activated-Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels, a prototype of store-operated Ca(2+) (SOC) channels. Identification of Orai1 as the pore subunit of CRAC channels has provided the much-needed molecular tool to dissect the mechanism of activation and regulation of these channels. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in understanding the regulatory mechanisms and posttranslational modifications that regulate diverse aspects of CRAC channel function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Srikanth
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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45
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Borowiec AS, Bidaux G, Tacine R, Dubar P, Pigat N, Delcourt P, Mignen O, Capiod T. Are Orai1 and Orai3 channels more important than calcium influx for cell proliferation? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2013; 1843:464-72. [PMID: 24321771 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Transformed and tumoral cells share the characteristic of being able to proliferate even when external calcium concentration is very low. We have investigated whether Human Embryonic Kidney 293 cells, human hepatoma cell Huh-7 and HeLa cells were able to proliferate when kept 72h in complete culture medium without external calcium. Our data showed that cell proliferation rate was similar over a range of external calcium concentration (2μM to 1.8mM). Incubation in the absence of external calcium for 72h had no significant effect on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+) contents but resulted in a significant decrease in cytosolic free calcium concentration in all 3 cell types. Cell proliferation rates were dependent on Orai1 and Orai3 expression levels in HEK293 and HeLa cells. Silencing Orai1 or Orai3 resulted in a 50% reduction in cell proliferation rate. Flow cytometry analysis showed that Orai3 induced a small but significant increase in cell number in G2/M phase. RO-3306, a cdk-1 inhibitor, induced a 90% arrest in G2/M reversible in less than 15min. Our data showed that progression through G2/M phase after release from RO-3306-induced cell cycle arrest was slower in both Orai1 and Orai3 knock-downs. Overexpressing Orai1, Orai3 and the dominant negative non-permeant mutants E106Q-Orai1 and E81Q-Orai3 induced a 50% increase in cell proliferation rate in HEK293 cells. Our data clearly demonstrated that Orai1 and Orai3 proteins are more important than calcium influx to control cell proliferation in some cell lines and that this process is probably independent of ICRAC and Iarc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel Bidaux
- INSERM, U1003, IFR147, Univ Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq F-59655, France
| | - Rachida Tacine
- INSERM U807, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Université Paris 5, 156 rue de Vaugirard, Paris F-75730, France
| | - Pauline Dubar
- INSERM U613, Université Bretagne Occidentale, 46 rue Felix Le Dantec, Brest F-29218, France
| | - Natascha Pigat
- INSERM U845, Growth and Signalling Research Center, Université Paris 5, Bâtiment Leriche, 96 rue Didot, Paris F-75993, France
| | - Philippe Delcourt
- INSERM, U1003, IFR147, Univ Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq F-59655, France
| | - Olivier Mignen
- INSERM U613, Université Bretagne Occidentale, 46 rue Felix Le Dantec, Brest F-29218, France
| | - Thierry Capiod
- INSERM, U1003, IFR147, Univ Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq F-59655, France; INSERM U807, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Université Paris 5, 156 rue de Vaugirard, Paris F-75730, France; INSERM U845, Growth and Signalling Research Center, Université Paris 5, Bâtiment Leriche, 96 rue Didot, Paris F-75993, France.
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46
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Omilusik KD, Nohara LL, Stanwood S, Jefferies WA. Weft, warp, and weave: the intricate tapestry of calcium channels regulating T lymphocyte function. Front Immunol 2013; 4:164. [PMID: 23805141 PMCID: PMC3690356 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca(2+)) is a universal second messenger important for T lymphocyte homeostasis, activation, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The events surrounding Ca(2+) mobilization in lymphocytes are tightly regulated and involve the coordination of diverse ion channels, membrane receptors, and signaling molecules. A mechanism termed store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE), causes depletion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+) stores following T cell receptor (TCR) engagement and triggers a sustained influx of extracellular Ca(2+) through Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels in the plasma membrane. The ER Ca(2+) sensing molecule, stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), and a pore-forming plasma membrane protein, ORAI1, have been identified as important mediators of SOCE. Here, we review the role of several additional families of Ca(2+) channels expressed on the plasma membrane of T cells that likely contribute to Ca(2+) influx following TCR engagement, particularly highlighting an important role for voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels (CaV) in T lymphocyte biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyla D Omilusik
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada ; Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada ; The Brain Research Centre, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada ; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada ; Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada
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47
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Store-operated calcium entry could prevent continuous spiking of membrane potential to sustain normal intracellular calcium oscillations and normal potential bursting in pancreatic β-cells. Math Biosci 2013; 243:240-50. [PMID: 23541786 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We propose a dynamical store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) model to analyze the complex role of SOCE in modulating calcium oscillations and electrical activity in pancreatic β-cells and provide a new mathematical insight. Using this model, we simulate the SOCE role in a number of cases with different SOCE conductances. When the SOCE conductance is set to 0 or very small (5 pS), our numerical simulation conforms to the experimental observation that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium can sustain normal calcium oscillations and the depletion of ER calcium transforms the normal calcium oscillations into a sustained calcium increase with oscillations of much higher frequency and much smaller amplitude, and transforms the normal membrane potential oscillations to a pattern of continuous spiking. When the SOCE conductance is increased to 20 pS and the ER calcium is depleted, our numerical simulation conforms to the other experimental observation that the normal calcium and potential oscillations are sustained and augmented a little bit. Moreover, the oscillation frequency is increased a very little bit. A further increase of the conductance to 35 pS slows down the oscillation a little bit. This numerical evidence suggests that a sufficiently large SOCE can prevent the continuous spiking of membrane potential to sustain the normal calcium oscillations and the normal membrane potential bursting. A careful examination of our simulated dynamics of the ATP/ADP ratio, the ATP-sensitive outward K(+) current, and the voltage-gated inward Ca(2+) current reveals that intracellular periodic Ca(2+) peaks perhaps resulted from SOCE might play a role in stabilizing the membrane potential at its resting level (avoiding the continuous spiking) for a certain period of time by accelerating ATP consumption, reducing the ratio ATP/ADP, opening the ATP-sensitive potassium channel, and repolarizing the membrane potential.
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48
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Srikanth S, Ribalet B, Gwack Y. Regulation of CRAC channels by protein interactions and post-translational modification. Channels (Austin) 2013; 7:354-63. [PMID: 23454861 DOI: 10.4161/chan.23801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) is a widespread mechanism to elevate the intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations and stimulate downstream signaling pathways affecting proliferation, secretion, differentiation and death in different cell types. In immune cells, immune receptor stimulation induces intracellular Ca(2+) store depletion that subsequently activates Ca(2+)-release-activated-Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels, a prototype of store-operated Ca(2+) (SOC) channels. CRAC channel opening leads to activation of diverse downstream signaling pathways affecting proliferation, differentiation, cytokine production and cell death. Recent identification of STIM1 as the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) sensor and Orai1 as the pore subunit of CRAC channels has provided the much-needed molecular tools to dissect the mechanism of activation and regulation of CRAC channels. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in understanding the associating partners and posttranslational modifications of Orai1 and STIM1 proteins that regulate diverse aspects of CRAC channel function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Srikanth
- Department of Physiology; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Bernard Ribalet
- Department of Physiology; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Yousang Gwack
- Department of Physiology; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Los Angeles, CA USA
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49
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Srikanth S, Gwack Y. Orai1-NFAT signalling pathway triggered by T cell receptor stimulation. Mol Cells 2013; 35:182-94. [PMID: 23483280 PMCID: PMC3887911 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-013-0073-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation plays a crucial role in development, homeostasis, proliferation, cell death, cytokine production, and differentiation of T cells. Thus, in depth understanding of TCR signalling is crucial for development of therapy targeting inflammatory diseases, improvement of vaccination efficiency, and cancer therapy utilizing T cell-based strategies. TCR activation turns on various signalling pathways, one of the important one being the Ca(2+)-calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) signalling pathway. Stimulation of TCRs triggers depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) store and in turn, initiates store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE), one of the major mechanisms to raise the intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations in T cells. Ca(2+)-release-activated-Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels are a prototype of store-operated Ca(2+) (SOC) channels in immune cells that are very well characterized. Recent identification of STIM1 as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+) sensor and Orai1 as the pore subunit has dramatically advanced the understanding of CRAC channels and provides a molecular tool to investigate the physiological outcomes of Ca(2+) signalling during immune responses. In this review, we focus on our current understanding of CRAC channel activation, regulation, and downstream calcineurin-NFAT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Srikanth
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095,
USA
| | - Yousang Gwack
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095,
USA
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50
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Barker CJ, Berggren PO. New Horizons in Cellular Regulation by Inositol Polyphosphates: Insights from the Pancreaticβ-Cell. Pharmacol Rev 2013; 65:641-69. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.112.006775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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