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Samian R, Saidi M. Investigation of left heart flow using a numerical correlation to model heart wall motion. J Biomech 2019; 93:77-85. [PMID: 31280898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method has been developed to model the flow in the left heart including atrium and ventricle. Since time resolution of the medical scans does not fit the requirements of the CFD calculations, the main challenge in a numerical simulation of heart chambers is wall motion modeling. This study employs a novel three-dimensional approximation scheme to correlate the wall boundary and grid movement in systole and diastole. It uses a geometry extracted from medical images in the literature and deformed based on the reported flow rates. The opening and closing of the mitral (MV) and the aortic valve (AV) considered as simultaneous events. Unstructured tetragonal grids were used for the meshing of the domain. The calculation was performed by a Navier-Stokes solver using the arbitrary Lagrange-Euler (ALE) formulation. Results show that the proposed correlation for the wall motion could predict the main features of heart flows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Samian
- Energy Research Center, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maysam Saidi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Imanparast A, Fatouraee N, Sharif F. Comprehensive computational assessment of blood flow characteristics of left ventricle based on in-vivo MRI in presence of artificial myocardial infarction. Math Biosci 2017; 294:143-159. [PMID: 29080776 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the effects of cardiac diseases on the heart's functionality which is the purpose of many biomedical researches, directly affects the diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common complication of cardiac ischemia, however, the impact of MI on the left ventricle (LV) flow patterns has not been widely considered by computational fluid dynamics studies thus far. METHODS In this study, we present an insightful numerical method that creates an artificial MI on an image-based fluid-structure interactional model of normal LV to investigate its influence on the flow in comparison with the normal case. Seventeen different models were developed to evaluate the effects of location, percentage, myocardial material properties and dilation size of MI on the LV's performance, area strain, wall displacement, pressure-volume loop, wall shear stress and velocity field. RESULTS The results show that MI considerably changes blood flow features which are fully dependent on MI parameters. For the case of constant MI location, the effect of a decrease of infarcted myocardium stiffness, increase of dilation size and increase of MI percentage are mostly similar. Although the location differences of MI under other constant conditions have similar impact on the ejection fraction, they also lead to dissimilar variations in the LV flow pattern and other indicators. CONCLUSIONS The presented model showed a capable computational method for investigating various mechanical MI conditions with respect to cardiac flow pattern. The perspective of this model development seems to be an applicable tool for MI clinical diagnosis and prediction of complications related to MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Imanparast
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - Nasser Fatouraee
- Biological Fluid Mechanics Research Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Faculty, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farhad Sharif
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Iran
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Chabiniok R, Wang VY, Hadjicharalambous M, Asner L, Lee J, Sermesant M, Kuhl E, Young AA, Moireau P, Nash MP, Chapelle D, Nordsletten DA. Multiphysics and multiscale modelling, data-model fusion and integration of organ physiology in the clinic: ventricular cardiac mechanics. Interface Focus 2016; 6:20150083. [PMID: 27051509 PMCID: PMC4759748 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2015.0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With heart and cardiovascular diseases continually challenging healthcare systems worldwide, translating basic research on cardiac (patho)physiology into clinical care is essential. Exacerbating this already extensive challenge is the complexity of the heart, relying on its hierarchical structure and function to maintain cardiovascular flow. Computational modelling has been proposed and actively pursued as a tool for accelerating research and translation. Allowing exploration of the relationships between physics, multiscale mechanisms and function, computational modelling provides a platform for improving our understanding of the heart. Further integration of experimental and clinical data through data assimilation and parameter estimation techniques is bringing computational models closer to use in routine clinical practice. This article reviews developments in computational cardiac modelling and how their integration with medical imaging data is providing new pathways for translational cardiac modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radomir Chabiniok
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
- Inria and Paris-Saclay University, Bâtiment Alan Turing, 1 rue Honoré d'Estienne d'Orves, Campus de l'Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau 91120, France
| | - Vicky Y. Wang
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, 70 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Myrianthi Hadjicharalambous
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Liya Asner
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Jack Lee
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Maxime Sermesant
- Inria, Asclepios team, 2004 route des Lucioles BP 93, Sophia Antipolis Cedex 06902, France
| | - Ellen Kuhl
- Departments of Mechanical Engineering, Bioengineering, and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Durand 217, Stanford, CA 94306, USA
| | - Alistair A. Young
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, 70 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Philippe Moireau
- Inria and Paris-Saclay University, Bâtiment Alan Turing, 1 rue Honoré d'Estienne d'Orves, Campus de l'Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau 91120, France
| | - Martyn P. Nash
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, 70 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Auckland, 70 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Dominique Chapelle
- Inria and Paris-Saclay University, Bâtiment Alan Turing, 1 rue Honoré d'Estienne d'Orves, Campus de l'Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau 91120, France
| | - David A. Nordsletten
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
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Seo JH, Vedula V, Abraham T, Mittal R. Multiphysics computational models for cardiac flow and virtual cardiography. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2013; 29:850-869. [PMID: 23666911 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.2556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A multiphysics simulation approach is developed for predicting cardiac flows as well as for conducting virtual echocardiography (ECHO) and phonocardiography (PC) of those flows. Intraventricular blood flow in pathological heart conditions is simulated by solving the three-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with an immersed boundary method, and using this computational hemodynamic data, echocardiographic and phonocardiographic signals are synthesized by separate simulations that model the physics of ultrasound wave scattering and flow-induced sound, respectively. For virtual ECHO, a Doppler ultrasound image is reproduced through Lagrangian particle tracking of blood cell particles and application of sound wave scattering theory. For virtual PC, the generation and propagation of blood flow-induced sounds ('hemoacoustics') is directly simulated by a computational acoustics model. The virtual ECHO is applied to reproduce a color M-mode Doppler image for the left ventricle as well as continuous Doppler image for the outflow tract of the left ventricle, which can be verified directly against clinically acquired data. The potential of the virtual PC approach for providing new insights between disease and heart sounds is demonstrated by applying it to modeling systolic murmurs caused by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hee Seo
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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Intuitive visualization and quantification of intraventricular convection in acute ischemic left ventricular failure during early diastole using color Doppler-based echocardiographic vector flow mapping. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2011; 28:1035-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s10554-011-9932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Nordsletten DA, Niederer SA, Nash MP, Hunter PJ, Smith NP. Coupling multi-physics models to cardiac mechanics. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2009; 104:77-88. [PMID: 19917304 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2009.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We outline and review the mathematical framework for representing mechanical deformation and contraction of the cardiac ventricles, and how this behaviour integrates with other processes crucial for understanding and modelling heart function. Building on general conservation principles of space, mass and momentum, we introduce an arbitrary Eulerian-Lagrangian framework governing the behaviour of both fluid and solid components. Exploiting the natural alignment of cardiac mechanical properties with the tissue microstructure, finite deformation measures and myocardial constitutive relations are referred to embedded structural axes. Coupling approaches for solving this large deformation mechanics framework with three dimensional fluid flow, coronary hemodynamics and electrical activation are described. We also discuss the potential of cardiac mechanics modelling for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Nordsletten
- Computing Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QD, UK
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Effect of bundle branch block on cardiac output: a whole heart simulation study. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2008; 97:520-42. [PMID: 18384847 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2008.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The heart is an electrically controlled fluid pump which operates by mechanical contraction. Whole heart modelling is a computationally daunting task which must incorporate several subsystems: mechanical, electrical, and fluidic. Numerous feedback mechanisms on many levels, and operating at different scales, exist to finely control behaviour. Understanding these interactions is necessary to understand heart operation, as well as pathologies and therapies. A review of the components in such a model is given. The authors then present a framework for their electro-mechano-fluidic whole heart model based on cable methods. The model incorporates atria and ventricles, and has functioning valves with papillary muscles. The effect of altered propagation due to left and right bundle branch block on cardiac output is examined using the cable-based model. Results are compared to clinically observed phenomena. Good agreement was obtained, but tighter coupling of mechanical and electrical events is needed to fully account for behaviour. Cable-based models offer an alternative to continuum models.
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YAMAGUCHI T, ISHIKAWA T, TSUBOTA KI, IMAI Y, NAKAMURA M, FUKUI T. Computational Blood Flow Analysis -New Trends and Methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1299/jbse.1.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takami YAMAGUCHI
- Dept. of Bioengineering and Robotics, Grad. Sch. Eng., Tohoku University
| | - Takuji ISHIKAWA
- Dept. of Bioengineering and Robotics, Grad. Sch. Eng., Tohoku University
| | - Ken-ichi TSUBOTA
- Dept. of Bioengineering and Robotics, Grad. Sch. Eng., Tohoku University
| | - Yohsuke IMAI
- Dept. of Bioengineering and Robotics, Grad. Sch. Eng., Tohoku University
| | - Masanori NAKAMURA
- Dept. of Bioengineering and Robotics, Grad. Sch. Eng., Tohoku University
| | - Tomohiro FUKUI
- Dept. of Bioengineering and Robotics, Grad. Sch. Eng., Tohoku University
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Taylor TW, Yamaguchi T. Realistic three-dimensional left ventricular ejection determined from computational fluid dynamics. Med Eng Phys 1995; 17:602-8. [PMID: 8564155 DOI: 10.1016/1350-4533(95)00017-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A realistic model of the left ventricle of the human heart was constructed using a cast from a dog heart which was in diastole. A coordinate measuring machine was used to measure and digitize the coordinates of the left ventricle. From the complex measured left ventricle shape values, a three-dimensional finite volume representation was constructed using a simulation package. The left ventricular walls moved towards the centre of the aortic outlet in order to study the effects of time-varying left ventricular ejection. The left ventricular wall motion was assumed to follow the blood flow and the wall grid was reformed 25 times during the calculation. The 25.8 cm3 ventricular volume was reduced by 75% in 0.25 s. Centreline and cross-sectional velocity vectors greatly increased in magnitude at the aortic outlet, and most of the pressure occurred in the top 15% of the heart. The computational method should make it possible to compare simulation results with important measurement techniques such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, and this should allow a finer detail of flow understanding than is presently available using either a modelling or imaging method alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Taylor
- Department of Bio-Medical Engineering, School of High-Technology for Human Welfare, Tokai University, Japan
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