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Niemczyk M, Iskander DR. Measuring intraocular pressure with OCT: the first approach. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:4531-4541. [PMID: 37791274 PMCID: PMC10545197 DOI: 10.1364/boe.500546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The variability of corneal OCT speckle statistics is indirectly related to changes in corneal microstructure, which may be induced by intraocular pressure (IOP). A new approach is considered, which attempts to estimate IOP based on corneal speckle statistics in OCT images. An area (A) under trajectories of contrast ratio with respect to stromal depth was calculated. The proposed method was evaluated on OCT images from the ex-vivo study on porcine eyeballs and in-vivo study on human corneas. A statistically significant multivariate linear regression model was obtained from the ex-vivo study: IOP = 0.70 · A - 6.11, in which IOP was precisely controlled in the anterior chamber. The ex-vivo study showed good correlation between A and IOP (R = 0.628, at the least) whereas the in-vivo study showed poor correlation between A and clinical air-puff tonometry based estimates of IOP (R = 0.351, at the most), indicating substantial differences between the two studies. The results of the ex-vivo study show the potential for OCT speckle statistics to be utilized for measuring IOP using static corneal imaging that does not require corneal deformation. Nevertheless, further work is needed to validate this approach in living human corneas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Niemczyk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - D. Robert Iskander
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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2
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Montanino A, van Overbeeke S, Pandolfi A. Modeling the biomechanics of laser corneal refractive surgery. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 145:105998. [PMID: 37418971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
We present a finite element model of the human cornea used to simulate corneal refractive surgery according to the three most diffused laser procedures, i. e., photo-refractive keratectomy (PRK), laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). The geometry used for the model is patient-specific in terms of anterior and posterior surfaces of the cornea and intrastromal surfaces originated by the planned intervention. The customization of the solid model prior to finite element discretization avoids the struggling difficulties associated with the geometrical modification induced by cutting, incision and thinning. Important features of the model include the identification of the stress-free geometry and an adaptive compliant limbus to account for the surrounding tissues. By the way of simplification, we adopt a Hooke material model extended to the finite kinematics, and consider only the preoperative and short-term postoperative conditions, disregarding the remodeling and material evolution aspects typical of biological tissues. Albeit simple and incomplete, the approach demonstrates that the post-operative biomechanical state of the cornea, after the creation of a flap or the removal of a small lenticule, is strongly modified with respect to the preoperative state and characterized by displacement irregularities and stress localizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Montanino
- Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Toledo 402, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Sanne van Overbeeke
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Technology Eindhoven, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Anna Pandolfi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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Zhang J, Fan F, Zhu L, Wang C, Chen X, Xinxiao G, Zhu J. Elasticity measurements of ocular anterior and posterior segments using optical coherence elastography. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:14311-14318. [PMID: 35473177 DOI: 10.1364/oe.456065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The changes of biomechanical properties, especially the elasticity of the ocular tissues, are closely related to some ophthalmic diseases. Currently, the ophthalmic optical coherence elastography (OCE) systems are dedicated either to the anterior segment or to the retina. The elasticity measurements of the whole eye remain challenging. Here we demonstrated an acoustic radiation force optical coherence elastography (ARF-OCE) method to quantify the elasticity of the cornea and the retina. The experiment results show that the Young's moduli of the cornea and the retina were 16.66 ± 6.51 kPa and 207.96 ± 4.75 kPa, respectively. Our method can measure the elasticity of the anterior segment and the posterior segment, and provides a powerful tool to enhance ophthalmology research.
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Zvietcovich F, Larin KV. Wave-based optical coherence elastography: The 10-year perspective. PROGRESS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (BRISTOL, ENGLAND) 2022; 4:012007. [PMID: 35187403 PMCID: PMC8856668 DOI: 10.1088/2516-1091/ac4512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
After 10 years of progress and innovation, optical coherence elastography (OCE) based on the propagation of mechanical waves has become one of the major and the most studied OCE branches, producing a fundamental impact in the quantitative and nondestructive biomechanical characterization of tissues. Preceding previous progress made in ultrasound and magnetic resonance elastography; wave-based OCE has pushed to the limit the advance of three major pillars: (1) implementation of novel wave excitation methods in tissues, (2) understanding new types of mechanical waves in complex boundary conditions by proposing advance analytical and numerical models, and (3) the development of novel estimators capable of retrieving quantitative 2D/3D biomechanical information of tissues. This remarkable progress promoted a major advance in answering basic science questions and the improvement of medical disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring in several types of tissues leading, ultimately, to the first attempts of clinical trials and translational research aiming to have wave-based OCE working in clinical environments. This paper summarizes the fundamental up-to-date principles and categories of wave-based OCE, revises the timeline and the state-of-the-art techniques and applications lying in those categories, and concludes with a discussion on the current challenges and future directions, including clinical translation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Zvietcovich
- University of Houston, Biomedical Engineering, Houston, TX, United States, 77204
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- University of Houston, Biomedical Engineering, Houston, TX, United States, 77204,
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Bronte-Ciriza D, Birkenfeld JS, de la Hoz A, Curatolo A, Germann JA, Villegas L, Varea A, Martínez-Enríquez E, Marcos S. Estimation of scleral mechanical properties from air-puff optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:6341-6359. [PMID: 34745741 PMCID: PMC8548012 DOI: 10.1364/boe.437981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a method to estimate the biomechanical properties of the porcine sclera in intact eye globes ex vivo, using optical coherence tomography that is coupled with an air-puff excitation source, and inverse optimization techniques based on finite element modeling. Air-puff induced tissue deformation was determined at seven different locations on the ocular globe, and the maximum apex deformation, the deformation velocity, and the arc-length during deformation were quantified. In the sclera, the experimental maximum deformation amplitude and the corresponding arc length were dependent on the location of air-puff excitation. The normalized temporal deformation profile of the sclera was distinct from that in the cornea, but similar in all tested scleral locations, suggesting that this profile is independent of variations in scleral thickness. Inverse optimization techniques showed that the estimated scleral elastic modulus ranged from 1.84 ± 0.30 MPa (equatorial inferior) to 6.04 ± 2.11 MPa (equatorial temporal). The use of scleral air-puff imaging holds promise for non-invasively investigating the structural changes in the sclera associated with myopia and glaucoma, and for monitoring potential modulation of scleral stiffness in disease or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bronte-Ciriza
- Instituto de Óptica "Daza de Valdés", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IO-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- CNR - IPCF, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, Messina, Italy
- Co-first authors
| | - Judith S Birkenfeld
- Instituto de Óptica "Daza de Valdés", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IO-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Co-first authors
| | - Andrés de la Hoz
- Instituto de Óptica "Daza de Valdés", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IO-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Curatolo
- Instituto de Óptica "Daza de Valdés", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IO-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- International Centre for Translational Eye Research, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - James A Germann
- Instituto de Óptica "Daza de Valdés", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IO-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lupe Villegas
- Instituto de Óptica "Daza de Valdés", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IO-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Varea
- Instituto de Óptica "Daza de Valdés", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IO-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Martínez-Enríquez
- Instituto de Óptica "Daza de Valdés", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IO-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Marcos
- Instituto de Óptica "Daza de Valdés", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IO-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Center for Visual Science, The Institute of Optics, Flaum Eye Institute, University of Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Nair A, Singh M, Aglyamov S, Larin KV. Heartbeat optical coherence elastography: corneal biomechanics in vivo. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-200338LR. [PMID: 33624461 PMCID: PMC7901857 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.2.020502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Mechanical assessment of the cornea can provide important structural and functional information regarding its health. Current clinically available tools are limited in their efficacy at measuring corneal mechanical properties. Elastography allows for the direct estimation of mechanical properties of tissues in vivo but is generally performed using external excitation force. AIM To show that heartbeat optical coherence elastography (Hb-OCE) can be used to assess the mechanical properties of the cornea in vivo. APPROACH Hb-OCE was utilized to detect Hb-induced deformations in the rabbit cornea in vivo without the need for external excitation. Furthermore, we demonstrate how this technique can distinguish corneal stiffness between untreated (UT) and crosslinked (CXL) tissue. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that stiffness changes in the cornea can be detected using only the Hb-induced deformations in the cornea. Additionally, we demonstrate a statistically significant difference in strain between the UT and CXL corneas. CONCLUSIONS Hb-OCE may be an effective tool for assessing the mechanical properties of the cornea in vivo without the need for external excitation. This tool may be effective for clinical assessment of corneal mechanical properties because it only requires optical coherence tomography imaging and data processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achuth Nair
- University of Houston, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Manmohan Singh
- University of Houston, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Salavat Aglyamov
- University of Houston, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- University of Houston, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Houston, Texas, United States
- Address all correspondence to Kirill V. Larin,
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Nair A, Singh M, Aglyamov SR, Larin KV. Heartbeat OCE: corneal biomechanical response to simulated heartbeat pulsation measured by optical coherence elastography. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2020; 25:1-9. [PMID: 32372574 PMCID: PMC7199791 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.5.055001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE It is generally agreed that the corneal mechanical properties are strongly linked to many eye diseases and could be used to assess disease progression and response to therapies. Elastography is the most notable method of assessing corneal mechanical properties, but it generally requires some type of external excitation to induce a measurable displacement in the tissue. AIM We present Heartbeat Optical Coherence Elastography (Hb-OCE), a truly passive method that can measure the elasticity of the cornea based on intrinsic corneal displacements induced by the heartbeat. APPROACH Hb-OCE measurements were performed in untreated and UV-A/riboflavin cross-linked porcine corneas ex vivo, and a distinct difference in strain was detected. Furthermore, a partially cross-linked cornea was also assessed, and the treated and untreated areas were similarly distinguished. RESULTS Our results suggest that Hb-OCE can spatially map displacements in the cornea induced by small fluctuations in intraocular pressure, similar to what is induced by the heartbeat. CONCLUSIONS The described technique opens the possibility for completely passive and noncontact in vivo assessment of corneal stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achuth Nair
- University of Houston, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Manmohan Singh
- University of Houston, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Salavat R. Aglyamov
- University of Houston, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- University of Houston, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Houston, Texas, United States
- Address all correspondence to Kirill V. Larin, E-mail:
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Maczynska E, Rzeszewska-Zamiara J, Jimenez Villar A, Wojtkowski M, Kaluzny BJ, Grulkowski I. Air-Puff-Induced Dynamics of Ocular Components Measured with Optical Biometry. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:1979-1986. [PMID: 31050724 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-26681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To analyze the dynamics of all optical components of the eye and the behavior of the eyeball under air-puff conditions in vivo. To determine the impact of the intraocular pressure (IOP) on the air-puff-induced deformation of the eye. Methods Twenty eyes of 20 healthy subjects were included in this study. The dynamics of the ocular components, such as the cornea, the crystalline lens, and the retina, was measured by a prototype swept source optical coherence tomography biometer integrated with the air-puff system. The system allows to acquire a series of axial scans at the same location as a function of time with no transverse scanning. Several parameters were extracted from optical coherence tomography data. The IOP was measured using a Goldmann applanation tonometry. The measurements of the eyes were performed before and 2 hours after administration of IOP-reducing drops, namely, 0.2 % brimonidine tartrate. Results There is a statistically significant correlation of corneal thickness, vitreous depth, and eye length with IOP. The deformation amplitudes of the cornea and the crystalline lens are inversely proportional to the IOP, but statistical significance is achieved only for the cornea. The crystalline lens is displaced without compression, and the return has the form of wobbling. The reduction of IOP level induces corresponding changes in the extracted parameters. Conclusions Optical biometry combined with air puff provides comprehensive information on the in vivo behavior of all ocular components, including the crystalline lens. Measurement of the axial length dynamics of during deformation enables correcting the deformation for eye retraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Maczynska
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Jagoda Rzeszewska-Zamiara
- Division of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Department of Ophthalmology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Alfonso Jimenez Villar
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Maciej Wojtkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartlomiej J Kaluzny
- Division of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Department of Ophthalmology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Grulkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
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In vivo measurement of trabecular meshwork stiffness in a corticosteroid-induced ocular hypertensive mouse model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:1714-1722. [PMID: 30651311 PMCID: PMC6358695 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1814889116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular corticosteroids are commonly used clinically. Unfortunately, their administration frequently leads to ocular hypertension, i.e., elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), which, in turn, can progress to a form of glaucoma known as steroid-induced glaucoma. The pathophysiology of this condition is poorly understood yet shares similarities with the most common form of glaucoma. Using nanotechnology, we created a mouse model of corticosteroid-induced ocular hypertension. This model functionally and morphologically resembles human ocular hypertension, having titratable, robust, and sustained IOPs caused by increased resistance to aqueous humor outflow. Using this model, we then interrogated the biomechanical properties of the trabecular meshwork (TM), including the inner wall of Schlemm's canal (SC), tissues known to strongly influence IOP and to be altered in other forms of glaucoma. Specifically, using spectral domain optical coherence tomography, we observed that SC in corticosteroid-treated mice was more resistant to collapse at elevated IOPs, reflecting increased TM stiffness determined by inverse finite element modeling. Our noninvasive approach to monitoring TM stiffness in vivo is applicable to other forms of glaucoma and has significant potential to monitor TM function and thus positively affect the clinical care of glaucoma, the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide.
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Singh M, Han Z, Li J, Vantipalli S, Aglyamov SR, Twa MD, Larin KV. Quantifying the effects of hydration on corneal stiffness with noncontact optical coherence elastography. J Cataract Refract Surg 2018; 44:1023-1031. [PMID: 30049567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2018.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To quantify the effects of the hydration state on the Young's modulus of the cornea. SETTING Biomedical Optics Laboratory, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA. DESIGN Experimental study. METHODS Noncontact, dynamic optical coherence elastography (OCE) measurements were taken of in situ rabbit corneas in the whole eye-globe configuration (n = 10) and at an artificially controlled intraocular pressure of 15 mm Hg. Baseline OCE measurements were taken by topically hydrating the corneas with saline for 1 hour. The corneas were then dehydrated topically with a 20% dextran solution for another hour, and the OCE measurements were repeated. A finite element method was used to quantify the Young's modulus of the corneas based on the OCE measurements. RESULTS The thickness of the corneas shrank considerably after topical addition of the 20% dextran solution (∼680 μm to ∼370 μm), and the OCE-measured elastic-wave speed correspondingly decreased (∼3.2 m/s to ∼2.6 m/s). The finite element method results showed an increase in Young's modulus (500 kPa to 800 kPa) resulting from dehydration and subsequent thinning. CONCLUSION Young's modulus increased significantly as the corneas dehydrated and thinned, showing that corneal geometry and hydration state are critical factors for accurately quantifying corneal biomechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manmohan Singh
- From Biomedical Engineering (Singh, Li, Larin) and the College of Optometry (Vantipalli), Mechanical Engineering (Aglyamov), University of Houston, and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (Larin), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and the School of Optometry (Twa) and Biomedical Engineering (Twa), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; The School of Naval Architecture (Han), Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics (Larin), Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Zhaolong Han
- From Biomedical Engineering (Singh, Li, Larin) and the College of Optometry (Vantipalli), Mechanical Engineering (Aglyamov), University of Houston, and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (Larin), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and the School of Optometry (Twa) and Biomedical Engineering (Twa), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; The School of Naval Architecture (Han), Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics (Larin), Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Jiasong Li
- From Biomedical Engineering (Singh, Li, Larin) and the College of Optometry (Vantipalli), Mechanical Engineering (Aglyamov), University of Houston, and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (Larin), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and the School of Optometry (Twa) and Biomedical Engineering (Twa), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; The School of Naval Architecture (Han), Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics (Larin), Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Srilatha Vantipalli
- From Biomedical Engineering (Singh, Li, Larin) and the College of Optometry (Vantipalli), Mechanical Engineering (Aglyamov), University of Houston, and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (Larin), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and the School of Optometry (Twa) and Biomedical Engineering (Twa), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; The School of Naval Architecture (Han), Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics (Larin), Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Salavat R Aglyamov
- From Biomedical Engineering (Singh, Li, Larin) and the College of Optometry (Vantipalli), Mechanical Engineering (Aglyamov), University of Houston, and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (Larin), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and the School of Optometry (Twa) and Biomedical Engineering (Twa), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; The School of Naval Architecture (Han), Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics (Larin), Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Michael D Twa
- From Biomedical Engineering (Singh, Li, Larin) and the College of Optometry (Vantipalli), Mechanical Engineering (Aglyamov), University of Houston, and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (Larin), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and the School of Optometry (Twa) and Biomedical Engineering (Twa), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; The School of Naval Architecture (Han), Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics (Larin), Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Kirill V Larin
- From Biomedical Engineering (Singh, Li, Larin) and the College of Optometry (Vantipalli), Mechanical Engineering (Aglyamov), University of Houston, and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (Larin), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and the School of Optometry (Twa) and Biomedical Engineering (Twa), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; The School of Naval Architecture (Han), Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics (Larin), Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.
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Kirby MA, Pelivanov I, Song S, Ambrozinski Ł, Yoon SJ, Gao L, Li D, Shen TT, Wang RK, O’Donnell M. Optical coherence elastography in ophthalmology. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:1-28. [PMID: 29275544 PMCID: PMC5745712 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.12.121720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence elastography (OCE) can provide clinically valuable information based on local measurements of tissue stiffness. Improved light sources and scanning methods in optical coherence tomography (OCT) have led to rapid growth in systems for high-resolution, quantitative elastography using imaged displacements and strains within soft tissue to infer local mechanical properties. We describe in some detail the physical processes underlying tissue mechanical response based on static and dynamic displacement methods. Namely, the assumptions commonly used to interpret displacement and strain measurements in terms of tissue elasticity for static OCE and propagating wave modes in dynamic OCE are discussed with the ultimate focus on OCT system design for ophthalmic applications. Practical OCT motion-tracking methods used to map tissue elasticity are also presented to fully describe technical developments in OCE, particularly noting those focused on the anterior segment of the eye. Clinical issues and future directions are discussed in the hope that OCE techniques will rapidly move forward to translational studies and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell A. Kirby
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Ivan Pelivanov
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Shaozhen Song
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Łukasz Ambrozinski
- Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Soon Joon Yoon
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Liang Gao
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - David Li
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
- University of Washington, Department of Chemical Engineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Tueng T. Shen
- University of Washington, Department of Ophthalmology, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Ruikang K. Wang
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
- University of Washington, Department of Ophthalmology, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Matthew O’Donnell
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Matthew O’Donnell, E-mail:
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