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Li C, Zhang G, Zhao B, Xie D, Du H, Duan X, Hu Y, Zhang L. Advances of surgical robotics: image-guided classification and application. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwae186. [PMID: 39144738 PMCID: PMC11321255 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Surgical robotics application in the field of minimally invasive surgery has developed rapidly and has been attracting increasingly more research attention in recent years. A common consensus has been reached that surgical procedures are to become less traumatic and with the implementation of more intelligence and higher autonomy, which is a serious challenge faced by the environmental sensing capabilities of robotic systems. One of the main sources of environmental information for robots are images, which are the basis of robot vision. In this review article, we divide clinical image into direct and indirect based on the object of information acquisition, and into continuous, intermittent continuous, and discontinuous according to the target-tracking frequency. The characteristics and applications of the existing surgical robots in each category are introduced based on these two dimensions. Our purpose in conducting this review was to analyze, summarize, and discuss the current evidence on the general rules on the application of image technologies for medical purposes. Our analysis gives insight and provides guidance conducive to the development of more advanced surgical robotics systems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Li
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Gongzi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100141, China
| | - Baoliang Zhao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dongsheng Xie
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hailong Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100141, China
| | - Xingguang Duan
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lihai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100141, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Sun M, Rao L, Zhang C, Zhang P, Chai G. Analysis of influence of surgical instruments on accuracy of magnetic navigation system for craniofacial surgery robots. Comput Assist Surg (Abingdon) 2023; 28:2210744. [PMID: 37256777 DOI: 10.1080/24699322.2023.2210744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionIn craniofacial surgery, magnetic navigation systems can effectively extend the doctor's limited visual range, improve their surgical precision, shorten the operation time, and reduce the incidence of surgical complications. Owing to the ease of magnetic navigation, the accuracy of the magnetic navigation system is affected by various equipment in the operating room. Therefore, its large-scale application is lacking because the navigation accuracy requirement can be extremely high during craniofacial surgery. Therefore, the accuracy of magnetic navigation systems is crucial. Various surgical instruments have been evaluated to effectively reduce the interference of magnetic navigation systems with surgical instruments. In craniofacial surgery, magnetic navigation systems can effectively extend the doctor's limited visual range, improve their surgical precision, shorten the operation time, and reduce the incidence of surgical complications. Owing to the ease of magnetic navigation, the accuracy of the magnetic navigation system is affected by various equipment in the operating room. Therefore, its large-scale application is lacking because the navigation accuracy requirement can be extremely high during craniofacial surgery. Therefore, the accuracy of magnetic navigation systems is crucial. Various surgical instruments have been evaluated to effectively reduce the interference of magnetic navigation systems with surgical instruments. In the surgical environment, the use of surgical instruments during mandibular surgery was simulated by selecting several conventional surgical instruments to record errors in the magnetic navigation system. The fluctuation values of the magnetic navigation errors were subsequently estimated and changes in its accuracy measured. MATLAB was used to calculate and analyze the fluctuations of the magnetic navigation errors. As results, the high-frequency electrosurgical system caused the greatest interference with the magnetic navigation system during surgery while powered on, with a maximum fluctuation error value of 1.8120 mm, and the maximum fluctuation error values of the stitch scissors, teeth forceps, and a needle holder were 1.3662, 1.3781, and 0.3912 mm, respectively. The closer the instrument is to the magnetic field generator or navigation target, the greater its impact. In conclusion, stitch scissors, teeth forceps, a needle holder, and the high-frequency electrosurgical system all affect magnetic navigation system accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid magnetic navigation system use and surgical instrument disturbances during surgery or select surgical instruments that do not interfere with the system. Surgical instruments must be evaluated for electromagnetic interference before they can be used in surgery with a magnetic navigation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhe Sun
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Rao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Cunliang Zhang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiming Zhang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Respiratory and Anaesthetic Equipment, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Chai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ma P, Li M, Chen X, Tian Y, Niu C, Feng Q, Dai J. Ultrasound-guided intraoperative electron beam radiation therapy: A phantom study. Phys Med 2020; 78:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2020.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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A surgical navigated cutting guide for mandibular osteotomies: accuracy and reproducibility of an image-guided mandibular osteotomy. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2020; 15:1719-1725. [PMID: 32725399 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-020-02234-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE 3D-printed cutting guides are the current standard to translate the virtual surgery plan to the intraoperative setting. The production of these patient-specific cutting guides is time-consuming and costly, and therefore, alternative approaches are currently subject of research. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy and reproducibility of using a novel electromagnetic (EM) navigated surgical cutting guide to perform virtually planned osteotomies in mandible models. METHODS A novel 3D navigated cutting guide (dubbed Bladerunner) was designed and evaluated with a total of 20 osteotomies, performed on plaster mandibular models according to preoperative planning using EM navigation. The pre- and postoperative scans were registered, and the difference between the preoperatively planned osteotomy and the performed osteotomy was expressed as the distance between the planned and performed cutting planes, and the yaw and roll angles between the planes. RESULTS The mean difference in distance between the planned osteotomy and performed osteotomy was 1.1 mm (STD 0.6 mm), the mean yaw was 1.8° (STD 1.4°), and mean roll was 1.6° (STD 1.3°). CONCLUSION The proposed EM navigated cutting guide for mandibular osteotomies demonstrated accurate positioning of the cutting plane according to the preoperative virtual surgical plan with respect to distance, yaw and roll angles. This novel approach has the potential to make the use of 3D-printed cutting guides obsolete, thereby decreasing the interval between diagnosis and surgery, reduce cost and allow for adaptation of the virtual plan in case of rapid tumor proliferation or unanticipated in situ deviations from the preoperative CT/MR imaging.
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Zheng G, Nolte LP. Computer-Aided Orthopaedic Surgery: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1093:1-20. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-1396-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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Bernstein JM, Daly MJ, Chan H, Qiu J, Goldstein D, Muhanna N, de Almeida JR, Irish JC. Accuracy and reproducibility of virtual cutting guides and 3D-navigation for osteotomies of the mandible and maxilla. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173111. [PMID: 28249001 PMCID: PMC5332100 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We set out to determine the accuracy of 3D-navigated mandibular and maxillary osteotomies with the ultimate aim to integrate virtual cutting guides and 3D-navigation into ablative and reconstructive head and neck surgery. Methods Four surgeons (two attending, two clinical fellows) completed 224 unnavigated and 224 3D-navigated osteotomies on anatomical models according to preoperative 3D plans. The osteotomized bones were scanned and analyzed. Results Median distance from the virtual plan was 2.1 mm unnavigated (IQR 2.6 mm, ≥3 mm in 33%) and 1.2 mm 3D-navigated (IQR 1.1 mm, ≥3 mm in 6%) (P<0.0001); median pitch was 4.5° unnavigated (IQR 7.1°) and 3.5° 3D-navigated (IQR 4.0°) (P<0.0001); median roll was 7.4° unnavigated (IQR 8.5°) and 2.6° 3D-navigated (IQR 3.8°) (P<0.0001). Conclusion 3D-rendering enables osteotomy navigation. 3 mm is an appropriate planning distance. The next steps are translating virtual cutting guides to free bone flap reconstruction and clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M. Bernstein
- Guided Therapeutics (GTx) Program, TECHNA Institute, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery / Surgical Oncology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael J. Daly
- Guided Therapeutics (GTx) Program, TECHNA Institute, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Harley Chan
- Guided Therapeutics (GTx) Program, TECHNA Institute, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jimmy Qiu
- Guided Therapeutics (GTx) Program, TECHNA Institute, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Goldstein
- Guided Therapeutics (GTx) Program, TECHNA Institute, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nidal Muhanna
- Guided Therapeutics (GTx) Program, TECHNA Institute, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery / Surgical Oncology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John R. de Almeida
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery / Surgical Oncology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan C. Irish
- Guided Therapeutics (GTx) Program, TECHNA Institute, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery / Surgical Oncology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Zheng G, Nolte LP. Computer-Assisted Orthopedic Surgery: Current State and Future Perspective. Front Surg 2015; 2:66. [PMID: 26779486 PMCID: PMC4688391 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2015.00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduced about two decades ago, computer-assisted orthopedic surgery (CAOS) has emerged as a new and independent area, due to the importance of treatment of musculoskeletal diseases in orthopedics and traumatology, increasing availability of different imaging modalities, and advances in analytics and navigation tools. The aim of this paper is to present the basic elements of CAOS devices and to review state-of-the-art examples of different imaging modalities used to create the virtual representations, of different position tracking devices for navigation systems, of different surgical robots, of different methods for registration and referencing, and of CAOS modules that have been realized for different surgical procedures. Future perspectives will also be outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyan Zheng
- Institute for Surgical Technology and Biomechanics, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Lutz P Nolte
- Institute for Surgical Technology and Biomechanics, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
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Cescon C, Tettamanti A, Barbero M, Gatti R. Finite helical axis for the analysis of joint kinematics: comparison of an electromagnetic and an optical motion capture system. Arch Physiother 2015; 5:8. [PMID: 29340177 PMCID: PMC5759895 DOI: 10.1186/s40945-015-0008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The analysis of joints kinematics is important in clinical practice and in research. Nowadays it is possible to evaluate the mobility of joints in vivo with different motion capture techniques available in the market. Optical systems use infrared cameras and reflective markers to evaluate body movements, while other systems use electromagnetic fields to detect position and orientation of sensors. The aim of this study was the evaluation of two motion capture systems based on different technologies (optical and electromagnetic) by comparing the distribution of finite helical axis (FHA) of rotation during controlled rotations of an object in different positions. Methods The distribution of position and angle errors of the FHA were extracted by optical and electromagnetic system recordings during a controlled rotation of a low friction stool in different positions in a controlled environment. Results The optical motion capture system showed lower angle and position errors in the distribution of FHA while the electromagnetic system had higher errors that increased with increasing distance from the antenna. Conclusions The optical system showed lower errors in the estimation of FHA that could make it preferable with respect to electromagnetic systems during joint kinematics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Cescon
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Manno, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Tettamanti
- Laboratory of Analysis and Rehabilitation of Motor Function, Neuroscience Division, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Barbero
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Manno, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Gatti
- Laboratory of Analysis and Rehabilitation of Motor Function, Neuroscience Division, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Helm PA, Teichman R, Hartmann SL, Simon D. Spinal Navigation and Imaging: History, Trends, and Future. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2015; 34:1738-46. [PMID: 25594965 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2015.2391200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The clinical practice of spine navigation has rapidly grown with the development of image-based guidance. In this paper, a brief history of spinal navigation is presented and a review of clinical outcomes for 12,622 pedicle screws placed using the latest technology in the sacral, lumbar and thoracic regions. The clinical evidence demonstrate that intraoperative 3D image guided surgery has a 96.8% success rate. A concluding section detailing existing barriers that limit more widespread adoption and future development efforts is presented.
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Damato AL, Viswanathan AN, Don SM, Hansen JL, Cormack RA. A system to use electromagnetic tracking for the quality assurance of brachytherapy catheter digitization. Med Phys 2015; 41:101702. [PMID: 25281941 DOI: 10.1118/1.4894710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the use of a system using electromagnetic tracking (EMT), post-processing and an error-detection algorithm for detecting errors and resolving uncertainties in high-dose-rate brachytherapy catheter digitization for treatment planning. METHODS EMT was used to localize 15 catheters inserted into a phantom using a stepwise acquisition technique. Five distinct acquisition experiments were performed. Noise associated with the acquisition was calculated. The dwell location configuration was extracted from the EMT data. A CT scan of the phantom was performed, and five distinct catheter digitization sessions were performed. No a priori registration of the CT scan coordinate system with the EMT coordinate system was performed. CT-based digitization was automatically extracted from the brachytherapy plan DICOM files (CT), and rigid registration was performed between EMT and CT dwell positions. EMT registration error was characterized in terms of the mean and maximum distance between corresponding EMT and CT dwell positions per catheter. An algorithm for error detection and identification was presented. Three types of errors were systematically simulated: swap of two catheter numbers, partial swap of catheter number identification for parts of the catheters (mix), and catheter-tip shift. Error-detection sensitivity (number of simulated scenarios correctly identified as containing an error/number of simulated scenarios containing an error) and specificity (number of scenarios correctly identified as not containing errors/number of correct scenarios) were calculated. Catheter identification sensitivity (number of catheters correctly identified as erroneous across all scenarios/number of erroneous catheters across all scenarios) and specificity (number of catheters correctly identified as correct across all scenarios/number of correct catheters across all scenarios) were calculated. The mean detected and identified shift was calculated. RESULTS The maximum noise ±1 standard deviation associated with the EMT acquisitions was 1.0 ± 0.1 mm, and the mean noise was 0.6 ± 0.1 mm. Registration of all the EMT and CT dwell positions was associated with a mean catheter error of 0.6 ± 0.2 mm, a maximum catheter error of 0.9 ± 0.4 mm, a mean dwell error of 1.0 ± 0.3 mm, and a maximum dwell error of 1.3 ± 0.7 mm. Error detection and catheter identification sensitivity and specificity of 100% were observed for swap, mix and shift (≥2.6 mm for error detection; ≥2.7 mm for catheter identification) errors. A mean detected shift of 1.8 ± 0.4 mm and a mean identified shift of 1.9 ± 0.4 mm were observed. CONCLUSIONS Registration of the EMT dwell positions to the CT dwell positions was possible with a residual mean error per catheter of 0.6 ± 0.2 mm and a maximum error for any dwell of 1.3 ± 0.7 mm. These low residual registration errors show that quality assurance of the general characteristics of the catheters and of possible errors affecting one specific dwell position is possible. The sensitivity and specificity of the catheter digitization verification algorithm was 100% for swap and mix errors and for shifts ≥2.6 mm. On average, shifts ≥1.8 mm were detected, and shifts ≥1.9 mm were detected and identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio L Damato
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Akila N Viswanathan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Sarah M Don
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Jorgen L Hansen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Robert A Cormack
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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Electromagnetic tracking in surgical and interventional environments: usability study. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2014; 10:253-62. [PMID: 25193146 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-014-1110-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Guevara-Rojas G, Figl M, Schicho K, Seemann R, Traxler H, Vacariu A, Carbon CC, Ewers R, Watzinger F. Patient-Specific Polyetheretherketone Facial Implants in a Computer-Aided Planning Workflow. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 72:1801-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2014.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Xi L, Zhou G, Gao N, Yang L, Gonzalo DA, Hughes SJ, Jiang H. Photoacoustic and fluorescence image-guided surgery using a multifunctional targeted nanoprobe. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 21:1602-9. [PMID: 24554061 PMCID: PMC4908963 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-014-3541-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A complete surgical excision with negative tumor margins is the single most important factor in the prediction of long-term survival for most cancer patients with solid tumors. We hypothesized that image-guided surgery using nanoparticle-enhanced photoacoustic and fluorescence imaging could significantly reduce the rate of local recurrence. METHODS A murine model of invasive mammary carcinoma was utilized. Three experimental groups were included: (1) control; (2) tumor-bearing mice injected with non-targeted nanoprobe; and (3) tumor-bearing mice injected with targeted nanoprobe. The surgeon removed the primary tumor following the guidance of photoacoustic imaging (PAI), then inspected the surgical wound and removed the suspicious tissue using intraoperative near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging. The mice were followed with bioluminescence imaging weekly to quantify local recurrence. RESULTS Nanoprobe-enhanced photoacoustic contrast enabled PAI to map the volumetric tumor margins up to a depth of 31 mm. The targeted nanoparticles provided significantly greater enhancement than non-targeted nanoparticles. Seven mice in the group injected with the targeted nanoprobes underwent additional resections based upon NIR fluorescence imaging. Pathological analysis confirmed residual cancer cells in the re-resected specimens in 5/7 mice. Image-guided resection resulted in a significant reduction in local recurrence; 8.7 and 33.3 % of the mice in the targeted and control groups suffered recurrence, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that photoacoustic and NIR intraoperative imaging can effectively assist a surgeon to locate primary tumors and to identify residual disease in real-time. This technology has promise to overcome current clinical challenges that result in the need for second surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Guangyin Zhou
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Ning Gao
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Lily Yang
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | | | | | - Huabei Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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Zhou J, Sebastian E, Mangona V, Yan D. Real-time catheter tracking for high-dose-rate prostate brachytherapy using an electromagnetic 3D-guidance device: a preliminary performance study. Med Phys 2013; 40:021716. [PMID: 23387739 DOI: 10.1118/1.4788641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In order to increase the accuracy and speed of catheter reconstruction in a high-dose-rate (HDR) prostate implant procedure, an automatic tracking system has been developed using an electromagnetic (EM) device (trakSTAR, Ascension Technology, VT). The performance of the system, including the accuracy and noise level with various tracking parameters and conditions, were investigated. METHODS A direct current (dc) EM transmitter (midrange model) and a sensor with diameter of 1.3 mm (Model 130) were used in the trakSTAR system for tracking catheter position during HDR prostate brachytherapy. Localization accuracy was assessed under both static and dynamic analyses conditions. For the static analysis, a calibration phantom was used to investigate error dependency on operating room (OR) table height (bottom vs midposition vs top), sensor position (distal tip of catheter vs connector end of catheter), direction [left-right (LR) vs anterior-posterior (AP) vs superior-inferior (SI)], sampling frequency (40 vs 80 vs 120 Hz), and interference from OR equipment (present vs absent). The mean and standard deviation of the localization offset in each direction and the corresponding error vectors were calculated. For dynamic analysis, the paths of five straight catheters were tracked to study the effects of directions, sampling frequency, and interference of EM field. Statistical analysis was conducted to compare the results in different configurations. RESULTS When interference was present in the static analysis, the error vectors were significantly higher at the top table position (3.3 ± 1.3 vs 1.8 ± 0.9 mm at bottom and 1.7 ± 1.0 mm at middle, p < 0.001), at catheter end position (3.1 ± 1.1 vs 1.4 ± 0.7 mm at the tip position, p < 0.001), and at 40 Hz sampling frequency (2.6 ± 1.1 vs 2.4 ± 1.5 mm at 80 Hz and 1.8 ± 1.1 at 160 Hz, p < 0.001). So did the mean offset errors in the LR direction (-1.7 ± 1.4 vs 0.4 ± 0.5 mm in AP and 0.8 ± 0.8 mm in SI directions, p < 0.001). The error vectors were significantly higher with surrounding interference (2.2 ± 1.3 mm) vs without interference (1.0 ± 0.7 mm, p < 0.001). An accuracy of 1.6 ± 0.2 mm can be reached when using optimum configuration (160 Hz at middle table position). When interference was present in the dynamic tracking, the mean tracking errors in LR direction (1.4 ± 0.5 mm) was significantly higher than that in AP direction (0.3 ± 0.2 mm, p < 0.001). So did the mean vector errors at 40 Hz (2.1 ± 0.2 mm vs 1.3 ± 0.2 mm at 80 Hz and 0.9 ± 0.2 mm at 160 Hz, p < 0.05). However, when interference was absent, they were comparable in the both directions and at all sampling frequencies. An accuracy of 0.9 ± 0.2 mm was obtained for the dynamic tracking when using optimum configuration. CONCLUSIONS The performance of an EM tracking system depends highly on the system configuration and surrounding environment. The accuracy of EM tracking for catheter reconstruction in a prostate HDR brachytherapy procedure can be improved by reducing interference from surrounding equipment, decreasing distance from transmitter to tracking area, and choosing appropriated sampling frequency. A calibration scheme is needed to further reduce the tracking error when the interference is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA.
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Kral F, Puschban EJ, Riechelmann H, Freysinger W. Comparison of optical and electromagnetic tracking for navigated lateral skull base surgery. Int J Med Robot 2013; 9:247-52. [DOI: 10.1002/rcs.1502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kral
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Medical University Innsbruck; Austria
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Himberg H, Motai Y, Bradley A. Interpolation Volume Calibration: A Multisensor Calibration Technique for Electromagnetic Trackers. IEEE T ROBOT 2012. [DOI: 10.1109/tro.2012.2198929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Willoughby T, Lehmann J, Bencomo JA, Jani SK, Santanam L, Sethi A, Solberg TD, Tome WA, Waldron TJ. Quality assurance for nonradiographic radiotherapy localization and positioning systems: report of Task Group 147. Med Phys 2012; 39:1728-47. [PMID: 22482598 DOI: 10.1118/1.3681967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
New technologies continue to be developed to improve the practice of radiation therapy. As several of these technologies have been implemented clinically, the Therapy Committee and the Quality Assurance and Outcomes Improvement Subcommittee of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine commissioned Task Group 147 to review the current nonradiographic technologies used for localization and tracking in radiotherapy. The specific charge of this task group was to make recommendations about the use of nonradiographic methods of localization, specifically; radiofrequency, infrared, laser, and video based patient localization and monitoring systems. The charge of this task group was to review the current use of these technologies and to write quality assurance guidelines for the use of these technologies in the clinical setting. Recommendations include testing of equipment for initial installation as well as ongoing quality assurance. As the equipment included in this task group continues to evolve, both in the type and sophistication of technology and in level of integration with treatment devices, some of the details of how one would conduct such testing will also continue to evolve. This task group, therefore, is focused on providing recommendations on the use of this equipment rather than on the equipment itself, and should be adaptable to each user's situation in helping develop a comprehensive quality assurance program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Twyla Willoughby
- Task Group 147, Department of Radiation Physics, Orlando, FL, USA
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Olszewski R. Surgical Engineering in Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery: A Literature Review. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2012. [DOI: 10.1260/2040-2295.3.1.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Effect of fiducial configuration on target registration error in image-guided cranio-maxillofacial surgery. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2011; 39:407-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2010.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Revised: 08/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Widmann G, Schullian P, Haidu M, Bale R. Stereotactic radiofrequency ablation (SRFA) of liver lesions: technique effectiveness, safety, and interoperator performance. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2011; 35:570-80. [PMID: 21671150 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-011-0200-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate technique effectiveness, safety, and interoperator performance of stereotactic radiofrequency ablation (SRFA) of liver lesions. METHODS Retrospective review including 90 consecutive patients from January 2008 to January 2010 with 106 computed tomography-guided SRFA sessions using both single and multiple electrodes for the treatment of 177 lesions: 72 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 105 metastases with a mean size of 2.9 cm (range 0.5-11 cm). Technique effectiveness and 1-year local recurrence were evaluated by computed tomographic scans. Complications, mortality, and hospital days were recorded. The performance between an experienced and inexperienced interventional radiologist was compared. RESULTS The overall technique effectiveness after a single SRFA was 95.5% (93.1% for HCC and 97.1% for metastases). Four of the eight unsuccessfully treated lesions could be retreated (secondary technique effectiveness of 97.7%). Local recurrence at 1 year was 2.9%. Technique effectiveness was significantly different for lesions<5 cm (96.7%) and >5 cm (87.5%) (P=0.044) but not for lesions<3 cm (95.9%) and 3-5 cm (100%). Compared to clear parenchymal property (97.3%), vessel vicinity (93.3%) (P=0.349) and subcapsular (95.2%) (P=0.532) had no, but hollow viscera vicinity (83.3%) had a significantly lower technique effectiveness (P=0.020). Mortality rate was 0.9%. Major complications and hospital days were higher for cirrhosis Child-Pugh B (20%, 7.2 days) than Child-Pugh A (3.1%, 4.7 days) patients and for metastases (5.1%, 4.3 days). There was no significant difference in interoperator performance. CONCLUSION SRFA allowed for efficient, reliable, and safe ablation of large-volume liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerlig Widmann
- Department of Radiology, SIP-Department of Microinvasive Therapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Stevens F, Conditt MA, Kulkarni N, Ismaily SK, Noble PC, Lionberger DR. Minimizing electromagnetic interference from surgical instruments on electromagnetic surgical navigation. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2010; 468:2244-50. [PMID: 20512439 PMCID: PMC2895861 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-010-1366-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2009] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electromagnetic computer-assisted surgery (EM-CAS) can be affected by various metallic or ferromagnetic factors. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES We determined to what extent metals interfere with accuracy and identified measures to prevent interference from occurring. METHODS Using an EM-CAS system, we made six standard measurements of tibiofemoral position and alignment on a surrogate knee. A stainless steel mallet was positioned 10 cm from the stylus, and then 10 cm from the localizer to create errors attributable to electromagnetic interference. The experiment was repeated with bars of different metals placed 10 cm from the stylus. RESULTS The maximum errors recorded with a mallet were: varus/valgus alignment, -2.7 degrees and 2.4 degrees; flexion/extension, -5.8 degrees and 3.0 degrees; lateral resection level, -3.1 and 7.5 mm; and medial resection level, -4.0 and 2.3 mm, respectively. The smallest errors were recorded with cylinders of titanium, cobalt-chrome alloy, and stainless steels. When moved more than 10 cm away from the stylus, errors became negligible. CONCLUSIONS The accuracy of EM navigation systems is affected substantially by the size, type, proximity, and shape of metal objects. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Stainless steel objects, such as cutting blocks and trial prostheses, should be kept more than 10 cm from EM-CAS instruments to minimize error.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael A. Conditt
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Education, 6550 Fannin St, Suite 2512, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Nikhil Kulkarni
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Education, 6550 Fannin St, Suite 2512, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Sabir K. Ismaily
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Education, 6550 Fannin St, Suite 2512, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Philip C. Noble
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Education, 6550 Fannin St, Suite 2512, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - David R. Lionberger
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Southwest Orthopedic Group, LLP, 6560 Fannin, Suite 1016, Houston, TX 77030 USA
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Abstract
Diagnostic and therapeutic CT- guided percutaneous interventions are clinical routine in interventional radiology. Image-guided navigation systems visualize the internal anatomy during interventions in real time not necessitating continuous image acquisition. Although multiple 3D image-guidance devices have been developed and used by several surgical disciplines in the last few years, they have not yet been fully applied by the interventional radiologist. The aim of this article is to review the currently performed methods of CT-guided percutaneous interventions and to discuss the potential benefits of newly developed 3D- navigation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reto Bale
- Interdisciplinary Stereotactic Intervention and Planning Laboratory (SIP-Lab), Department of Radiology I, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Widmann G, Stoffner R, Sieb M, Bale R. Target registration and target positioning errors in computer-assisted neurosurgery: proposal for a standardized reporting of error assessment. Int J Med Robot 2009; 5:355-65. [DOI: 10.1002/rcs.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Widmann G, Stoffner R, Bale R. Errors and error management in image-guided craniomaxillofacial surgery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 107:701-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2008] [Revised: 02/05/2009] [Accepted: 02/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Citak M, Kendoff D, O'Loughlin PF, Pearle AD. Heterotopic ossification post navigated high tibial osteotomy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2009; 17:352-5. [PMID: 19034428 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-008-0671-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2008] [Accepted: 10/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The authors present a case of heterotopic ossification (HO) following a navigated high tibial osteotomy which necessitated a second surgical procedure. There is no evidence in the literature of HO following the use of invasive navigation reference markers. Although osseous reference marker fixation is the current standard technique, this case underscores the need for non-invasive reference markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Citak
- Orthopaedic Department, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA.
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Towards image guided robotic surgery: multi-arm tracking through hybrid localization. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2009; 4:281-6. [PMID: 20033594 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-009-0294-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2008] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Use of the robotic assisted surgery has been increasing in recent years, due both the continuous increase in the number of applications and the clinical benefits that surgical robots can provide. Currently robotic assisted surgery relies on endoscopic video for navigation, providing only surface visualization, thus limiting subsurface vision. To be able to visualize and identify subsurface information, techniques in image-guidance can be used. As part of designing an image guidance system, all arms of the robot need to be co-localized in a common coordinate system. METHODS In order to track multiple arms in a common coordinate space, intrinsic and extrinsic tracking methods can be used. First, the intrinsic tracking of the daVinci, specifically of the setup joints is analyzed. Because of the inadequacy of the setup joints for co-localization a hybrid tracking method is designed and implemented to mitigate the inaccuracy of the setup joints. Different both optical and magnetic tracking methods are examined for setup joint localization. RESULTS The hybrid localization method improved the localization accuracy of the setup joints. The inter-arm accuracy in hybrid localization was improved to 3.02 mm. This inter-arm error value was shown to be further reduced when the arms are co-registered, thus reducing common error.
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27
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Baltali E, Zhao KD, Koff MF, Keller EE, An KN. Accuracy and precision of a method to study kinematics of the temporomandibular joint: combination of motion data and CT imaging. J Biomech 2008; 41:2581-4. [PMID: 18617178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2007] [Revised: 05/22/2008] [Accepted: 05/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to test the precision and accuracy of a method used to track selected landmarks during motion of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). A precision phantom device was constructed and relative motions between two rigid bodies on the phantom device were measured using optoelectronic (OE) and electromagnetic (EM) motion tracking devices. The motion recordings were also combined with a 3D CT image for each type of motion tracking system (EM+CT and OE+CT) to mimic methods used in previous studies. In the OE and EM data collections, specific landmarks on the rigid bodies were determined using digitization. In the EM+CT and OE+CT data sets, the landmark locations were obtained from the CT images. 3D linear distances and 3D curvilinear path distances were calculated for the points. The accuracy and precision for all 4 methods were evaluated (EM, OE, EM+CT and OE+CT). In addition, results were compared with and without the CT imaging (EM vs. EM+CT, OE vs. OE+CT). All systems overestimated the actual 3D curvilinear path lengths. All systems also underestimated the actual rotation values. The accuracy of all methods was within 0.5mm for 3D curvilinear path calculations, 0.05mm for 3D linear distance calculations and 0.2 degrees for rotation calculations. In addition, Bland-Altman plots for each configuration of the systems suggest that measurements obtained from either system are repeatable and comparable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evre Baltali
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Reference markers in computer aided orthopaedic surgery: rotational stability testings and clinical implications. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2008; 128:633-8. [PMID: 17978825 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-007-0496-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2007] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Navigation procedures rely on the stability of the reference arrays (RA) fixed to the bony anatomy. The risk of inadvertent collision and unnoticed movements of the RA may occur, and limb movements might also provocate collisions. Consequently, relevant measurements failures during the navigated procedure might occur and reduce the overall precision of the system. The magnitude of torque to destabilize an RA from its bony-fixation is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of standard RA's to resist applied torque. A digital torque application device was developed to allow for precise torque application to the RA system at four cadavers. Clockwise, gradually increasing rotational force was applied to the RA in 1, 2, or 3 Nm, held for 1 s and released, repeated in 10 cycles. One pin fixation systems with 4.0 Schanz pins were used. A second RA was fixed 20 cm proximal to the tested RA. A navigation system was used to measure the relative positions of both RA's during torque application. The rotational differences at torque application were calculated and statistically evaluated. Results revealed averaged 1.0 degrees rotation [range (r), 1.0-1.1 degrees ] with first cycle of 1 Nm torque, the last cycle averaged 1.0 degrees (r, 1.0-1.1 degrees ) with no significant differences in rotation between any of the cycles (p > 0.5). Torque of 2 Nm resulted in 1.8 degrees rotation (r, 1.5-1.8 degrees ) with no significant increases between first and second cycle (p = 0.56), second and third trials (p = 0.35) while fourth cycle averaged 2.0 degrees , with significant increase (p = 0.011). All subsequent cycles resulted in significant increases. Torque of 3 Nm produced 2.9 degrees of rotation for initial cycle (r,2.5-3.3 degrees ), with significant increases with each cycle (p < 005). Torques of > or =2 Nm may cause loosening of the RA, thus may lose its original position relative to the bone. Surgeons using computer aided surgery systems should be aware of possible unrecognized movements of the RA, however, gentle collisions do not appear to cause significant motion or destabilization.
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Beller S, Hünerbein M, Eulenstein S, Lange T, Schlag PM. Feasibility of navigated resection of liver tumors using multiplanar visualization of intraoperative 3-dimensional ultrasound data. Ann Surg 2007; 246:288-94. [PMID: 17667508 PMCID: PMC1933548 DOI: 10.1097/01.sla.0000264233.48306.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraoperative ultrasound is widely used in liver surgery, but primarily for diagnostic purposes. We have developed and evaluated a system for navigated liver resections using on intraoperatively acquired 3-dimensional (3D) ultrasound data. METHODS Navigation technique based on 3D ultrasound and an optical tracking system. Accuracy of the system was validated experimentally in a tumor model. Subsequently, clinical application was evaluated in 54 patients for resection of central liver tumors. Clinical feasibility and accuracy of the navigation technique were assessed with respect to practicability, adequacy of visualization, and precision of navigated resection (free margin). RESULTS Evaluation of the system in the tumor model showed a significant increase of the accuracy of navigated resections compared with conventional resection (P < 0.05). Clinical application of 3D ultrasound-based navigation was feasible in 52 of 54 patients. Sufficient visualization was obtained with 2 orthogonal section planes. This navigation strategy provided complete anatomic orientation and accurate position control of surgical instruments. Mean histologic resection margin was 9 mm with a maximum deviation of 8 mm from the planned virtual resection margins. CONCLUSIONS Optoelectronic navigation with section mode visualization in 2 orthogonal planes does sufficiently display intraoperative 3D data and enables accurate ultrasound-based navigation of liver resections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siegfried Beller
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Robert Rössle Klinik, Campus Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
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Diakov G, Freysinger W. Accuracy evaluation of initialization-free registration for intraoperative 3D-navigation. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11548-007-0119-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Image-to-patient registration techniques in head surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007; 35:1081-95. [PMID: 17095191 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2006.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2006] [Revised: 08/18/2006] [Accepted: 09/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Frame-based stereotaxy was developed in neurosurgery at the beginning of the last century, evolving from atlas-based stereotaxy to stereotaxy based on the individual patient's image data. This established method is still in use in neurosurgery and radiotherapy. There have since been two main developments based on this concept: frameless stereotaxy and markerless registration. Frameless stereotactic systems ('navigation systems') replaced the cumbersome stereotactic frame by mechanically and later also optically or magnetically tracked instruments. Stereotaxy based on the individual patient's image data introduced the problem of patient-to-image data registration. The development of navigation systems based on frameless stereotaxy has dramatically increased its use in surgical disciplines other than neurosurgery, but image-guided surgery based on fiducial marker registration needs dedicated imaging for registration purposes, in addition to the diagnostic imaging that might have been performed. Markerless registration techniques can overcome the resulting additional cost and effort, and result in more widespread use of image-guided surgery techniques. In this review paper, the developments that led to today's navigation systems are outlined, and the applications and possibilities of these methods in the field of maxillofacial surgery are presented.
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Widmann G. Image-guided surgery and medical robotics in the cranial area. Biomed Imaging Interv J 2007; 3:e11. [PMID: 21614255 PMCID: PMC3097655 DOI: 10.2349/biij.3.1.e11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2006] [Accepted: 02/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgery in the cranial area includes complex anatomic situations with high-risk structures and high demands for functional and aesthetic results. Conventional surgery requires that the surgeon transfers complex anatomic and surgical planning information, using spatial sense and experience. The surgical procedure depends entirely on the manual skills of the operator. The development of image-guided surgery provides new revolutionary opportunities by integrating presurgical 3D imaging and intraoperative manipulation. Augmented reality, mechatronic surgical tools, and medical robotics may continue to progress in surgical instrumentation, and ultimately, surgical care. The aim of this article is to review and discuss state-of-the-art surgical navigation and medical robotics, image-to-patient registration, aspects of accuracy, and clinical applications for surgery in the cranial area.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Widmann
- Department of Radiology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstr, Austria
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33
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Kwartowitz DM, Herrell SD, Galloway RL. Toward image-guided robotic surgery: determining intrinsic accuracy of the da Vinci robot. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s11548-006-0047-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Dold C, Zaitsev M, Speck O, Firle EA, Hennig J, Sakas G. Advantages and limitations of prospective head motion compensation for MRI using an optical motion tracking device. Acad Radiol 2006; 13:1093-103. [PMID: 16935721 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2006.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2006] [Revised: 05/18/2006] [Accepted: 05/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Subject motion appears to be a limiting factor in numerous magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (MRI) applications. In particular, head tremor, which often accompanies stroke, may render certain high-resolution two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) techniques inapplicable. The reason for that is head movement during acquisition. The study objective is to achieve a method able to compensate for complete motion during data acquisition. The method should be usable for every sequence and easily implemented on different MR scanners. MATERIALS AND METHODS The possibility of interfacing the MR scanner with an external optical motion-tracking system capable of determining the object's position with submillimeter accuracy and an update rate of 60 Hz is shown. Movement information on the object position (head) is used to compensate for motion in real time by updating the field of view (FOV) by recalculating the gradients and radiofrequency parameter of the MR scanner during acquisition of k-space data, based on tracking data. RESULTS Results of rotation phantom, in vivo experiments, and implementation of three different MRI sequences, 2D spin echo, 3D gradient echo, and echo planar imaging, are presented. Finally, the proposed method is compared with the prospective motion correction software available on the scanner software. CONCLUSION A prospective motion correction method that works in real time only by updating the FOV of the MR scanner is presented. Results show the feasibility of using an external optical motion-tracking system to compensate for strong and fast subject motion during acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Dold
- Department of Cognitive Computing and Medical Imaging, Fraunhofer Gesellschaft, Institute for Computer Graphics, Fraunhoferstr 5, D-64283 Darmstadt, Germany.
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Schicho K, Figl M, Seemann R, Ewers R, Lambrecht JT, Wagner A, Watzinger F, Baumann A, Kainberger F, Fruehwald J, Klug C. Accuracy of treatment planning based on stereolithography in computer assisted surgerya). Med Phys 2006; 33:3408-17. [PMID: 17022237 DOI: 10.1118/1.2242014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional stereolithographic models (SL models), made of solid acrylic resin derived from computed-tomography (CT) data, are an established tool for preoperative treatment planning in numerous fields of medicine. An innovative approach, combining stereolithography with computer-assisted point-to-point navigation, can support the precise surgical realization of a plan that has been defined on an SL model preoperatively. The essential prerequisites for the application of such an approach are: (1) The accuracy of the SL models (including accuracy of the CT scan and correspondence of the model with the patient's anatomy) and (2) the registration method used for the transfer of the plan from the SL model to the patient (i.e., whether the applied registration markers can be added to the SL model corresponding to the markers at the patient with an accuracy that keeps the "cumulative error" at the end of the chain of errors, in the order of the accuracy of contemporary navigation systems). In this study, we focus on these two topics: By applying image-matching techniques, we fuse the original CT data of the patient with the corresponding CT data of the scanned SL model, and measure the deviations of defined parameter (e.g., distances between anatomical points). To evaluate the registration method used for the planning transfer, we apply a point-merge algorithm, using four marker points that should be located at exactly corresponding positions at the patient and at connective bars that are added to the surface of the SL model. Again, deviations at defined anatomical structures are measured and analyzed statistically. Our results prove sufficient correspondence of the two data sets and accuracy of the registration method for routine clinical application. The evaluation of the SL model accuracy revealed an arithmetic mean of the relative deviations from 0.8% to 5.4%, with an overall mean deviation of 2.2%. Mean deviations of the investigated anatomical structures ranged from 0.8 mm to 3.2 mm. An overall mean (comprising all structures) of 2.5 mm was found. The fiducial registration error of the point-merge algorithm ranged from 1.0 mm to 1.4 mm. The evaluated chain of errors showed a mean deviation of 2.5 mm. This study verifies that preoperative planning on SL models and intraoperative transfer of this plan with computer assisted navigation is a suitable and sufficiently reliable method for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Schicho
- University Hospital of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Dold C, Zaitsev M, Speck O, Firle EA, Hennig J, Sakas G. Prospective head motion compensation for MRI by updating the gradients and radio frequency during data acquisition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 8:482-9. [PMID: 16685881 DOI: 10.1007/11566465_60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Subject motion appears to be a limiting factor in numerous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications. For head imaging the subject's ability to maintain the same head position for a considerable period of time places restrictions on the total acquisition time. For healthy individuals this time typically does not exceed 10 minutes and may be considerably reduced in case of pathology. In particular, head tremor, which often accompanies stroke, may render certain high-resolution 2D and 3D techniques inapplicable. Several navigator techniques have been proposed to circumvent the subject motion problem. The most suitable for head imaging appears to be the orbital or spherical navigator methods. Navigators, however, not only lengthen the measurement because of the time required for acquisition of the position information, but also require additional excitation radio frequency (RF) pulses to be incorporated into the sequence timing, which disturbs the steady state. Here we demonstrate the possibility of interfacing the MR scanner with an external optical motion tracking system, capable of determining the object's position with sub-millimeter accuracy and an update rate of 60Hz. The movement information on the object position (head) is used to compensate the motion in real time. This is done by updating the field of view (FOV) by recalculating the gradients and the RF-parameter of the MRI tomograph during the acquisition of k-space data based on the tracking data. Results of rotation phantom, in vivo experiments and the implementation in two different MRI sequences are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Dold
- Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics, Dept. Cognitive Computing & Medical Imaging, Darmstadt, Germany.
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Fischer GS, Taylor RH. Electromagnetic tracker measurement error simulation and tool design. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 8:73-80. [PMID: 16685945 DOI: 10.1007/11566489_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Developing electromagnetically (EM) tracked tools can be very time consuming. Tool design traditionally takes many iterations, each of which requires construction of a physical tool and performing lengthy experiments. We propose a simulator that allows tools to be virtually designed and tested before ever being physically built. Both tool rigid body (RB) configurations and reference RB configurations are configured; the reference RB can be located anywhere in the field, and the tool is virtually moved around the reference in user-specified pattern. Sensor measurements of both RBs are artificially distorted according to a previously acquired error field mapping, and the 6-DOF frames of the Tool and Reference are refit to the distorted sensors. It is possible to predict the tool tip registration error for a particular tool and coordinate reference frame (CRF) in a particular scenario before ever even building the tools.
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Klug C, Schicho K, Ploder O, Yerit K, Watzinger F, Ewers R, Baumann A, Wagner A. Point-to-Point Computer-Assisted Navigation for Precise Transfer of Planned Zygoma Osteotomies from the Stereolithographic Model into Reality. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006; 64:550-9. [PMID: 16487823 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2005.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of a new method for planning and realizing zygomatic osteotomies in cases of established post-traumatic deformities using stereolithographic (SL) models and computer assisted navigation. PATIENTS AND METHODS In 5 patients, osteotomy and repositioning of the zygomatic complex was planned using SL models. The desired position of the zygoma in the patient was determined by fixing individualized osteosynthesis plates to predefined screw positions. The SL model and the patient were registered to the same 3-dimensional computed tomography data set via an occlusal reference frame on the patient and corresponding reference markers on the model. Prebent osteosynthesis plates from the surgical simulation on the model were fixed to corresponding screw positions on the patient, which were located by computer-assisted navigation. Evaluation of accuracy was performed by image fusion of postoperative computed tomography scans of the model and the patient. RESULTS Clinical outcome was satisfactory in all cases. The evaluation by image fusion showed alignment of the patient's and the model's zygoma in 4 of 5 cases. Mean measured distance between screw positions in the models and the patients were 1.1 +/- 0.3 mm for 44 screws. In 1 patient the treatment plan was changed intraoperatively because of unforeseen soft tissue limitations. CONCLUSION Point-to-point navigation is an accurate method to transfer the planning of a complex osteotomy from the SL model to the actual surgical procedure. Surgery is facilitated considerably because repositioning and osteosynthesis are achieved in 1 step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Klug
- University Hospital of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Hafez MA, DiGioia III AM. Computer-assisted total hip arthroplasty: the present and the future. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.2217/17460816.1.1.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kaur G, Tan J, Alam M, Chaudhary V, Chen D, Dong M, Eltahawy H, Fotouhi F, Gammage C, Gong J, Grosky W, Guthikonda M, Hu J, Jeyaraj D, Jin X, King A, Landman J, Lee J, Li QH, Lufei H, Morse M, Patel J, Sethi I, Shi W, Yang K, Zhang Z. CASMIL: a comprehensive software/toolkit for image-guided neurosurgeries. Int J Med Robot 2006; 2:123-38. [PMID: 17520623 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CASMIL aims to develop a cost-effective and efficient approach to monitor and predict deformation during surgery, allowing accurate, and real-time intra-operative information to be provided reliably to the surgeon. METHOD CASMIL is a comprehensive Image-guided Neurosurgery System with extensive novel features. It is an integration of various modules including rigid and non-rigid body co-registration (image-image, image-atlas, and image-patient), automated 3D segmentation, brain shift predictor, knowledge based query tools, intelligent planning, and augmented reality. One of the vital and unique modules is the Intelligent Planning module, which displays the best surgical corridor on the computer screen based on tumor location, captured surgeon knowledge, and predicted brain shift using patient specific Finite Element Model. Also, it has multi-level parallel computing to provide near real-time interaction with iMRI (Intra-operative MRI). In addition, it has been securely web-enabled and optimized for remote web and PDA access. RESULTS A version of this system is being used and tested using real patient data and is expected to be in use in the operating room at the Detroit Medical Center in the first half of 2006. CONCLUSION CASMIL is currently under development and is targeted for minimally invasive surgeries. With minimal changes to the design, it can be easily extended and made available for other surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsheen Kaur
- Computer-assisted Surgery Laboratory, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Ewers R, Schicho K, Wagner A, Undt G, Seemann R, Figl M, Truppe M. Seven Years of Clinical Experience With Teleconsultation in Craniomaxillofacial Surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2005; 63:1447-54. [PMID: 16182912 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2005.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2003] [Accepted: 06/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this work the experiences from 50 telemedically supported treatments in craniomaxillofacial surgery are summarized and different setups for their technical realization are described. Furthermore, for the first time the innovative UMTS (universal mobile telecommunication system) is applied for the transmission of arthroscopic videos of the temporomandibular joint and other craniomaxillofacial structures. MATERIALS AND METHODS The combination of computer-assisted navigation technology in augmented reality environments with telecommunication is used for execution of interactive stereotaxic teleconsultation. Furthermore, treatments without navigation are telemedically supported. This study is composed of 4 technical system configurations: 1) integrated services digital network (ISDN)-based videoconferencing without remote control of the navigation computer; 2) transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP)-based interactive teleconsultation via bundled ISDN lines (including remote control of the navigation computer); 3) TCP/IP-based interactive teleconsultation via network; 4) combination of TCP/IP-connection and ISDN-based videoconferencing. The telemedically supported treatments are: orbitozygomatic osteotomies, positioning of the mandibular condyle in orthognathic surgery, insertion of implants, positioning of the maxilla in orthognathic surgery, distraction osteogenesis, arthroscopies of the temporomandibular joint, and operation simulations on stereolithographic models. The surgical interventions are evaluated on a 5-level system performance scale from the technical point of view. In a separate trial 20 videosequences of arthroscopies of the temporomandibular joint are transmitted via UMTS cellular phones and independently evaluated by 3 experts (ie, a total of 60 streamings) to investigate feasibility of this technology in the field of craniomaxillofacial surgery. RESULTS In the years from 1996 to 2002 a total of 50 treatments were telemedically supported. All intraoperative applications were successfully finished; 48 of 60 UMTS transmissions were finished without any interruptions in constant quality, slight interruptions were observed in 8 tests, and a complete breakdown was observed during 4 streamings that required a restart of the transmission. Resolution was sufficient to diagnose even tiny anatomic structures inside the temporomandibular joint, but orientation was hardly recognizable. CONCLUSION In many applications telecommunication technology can contribute to a quality improvement in cranio- and maxillofacial surgery because of the global availability of specialized knowledge. The required technical expenditure for teleconsultation crucially depends on the infrastructure that is already available at the clinic and the remote site. UMTS is a promising technology with the potential to be valuable in numerous craniomaxillofacial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Ewers
- University Hospital of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical School, University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Schicho K, Figl M, Donat M, Birkfellner W, Seemann R, Wagner A, Bergmann H, Ewers R. Stability of miniature electromagnetic tracking systems. Phys Med Biol 2005; 50:2089-98. [PMID: 15843738 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/50/9/011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aims at a comparative evaluation of two recently introduced electromagnetic tracking systems under reproducible simulated operating-room (OR) conditions: the recently launched Medtronic StealthStation, Treon-EM and the NDI Aurora. We investigate if and to what extent these systems provide improved performance and stability in the presence of surgical instruments as possible sources of distortions compared with earlier reports on electromagnetic tracking technology. To investigate possible distortions under pseudo-realistic OR conditions, a large Langenbeck hook, a dental drill with its handle and an ultrasonic (US) scanhead are fixed on a special measurement rack at variable distances from the navigation sensor. The position measurements made by the Treon-EM were least affected by the presence of the instruments. The lengths of the mean deviation vectors were 0.21 mm for the Langenbeck hook, 0.23 mm for the drill with handle and 0.56 mm for the US scanhead. The Aurora was influenced by the three sources of distortion to a higher degree. A mean deviation vector of 1.44 mm length was observed in the vicinity of the Langenbeck hook, 0.53 mm length with the drill and 2.37 mm due to the US scanhead. The maximum of the root mean squared error (RMSE) for all coordinates in the presence of the Langenbeck hook was 0.3 mm for the Treon and 2.1 mm for the Aurora; the drill caused a maximum RMSE of 0.2 mm with the Treon and 1.2 mm with the Aurora. In the presence of the US scanhead, the maximum RMSE was 1.4 mm for the Treon and 5.1 mm for the Aurora. The new generation of electromagnetic tracking systems has significantly improved compared to common systems that were available in the middle of the 1990s and has reached a high level of technical development. We conclude that, in general, both systems are suitable for routine clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Schicho
- University Hospital of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Hoffmann J, Westendorff C, Leitner C, Bartz D, Reinert S. Validation of 3D-laser surface registration for image-guided cranio-maxillofacial surgery. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2005; 33:13-8. [PMID: 15694144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2004.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2003] [Accepted: 10/15/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Image-data-based navigation plays an important role during surgical treatment in anatomically complex areas. Conventional patient-to-image registration techniques on the basis of skin and bone markers require expensive and time-consuming logistic support. A new markerless, high-resolution laser surface scan technique for patient registration has been tested in experimental and clinical settings. METHODS In a phantom study, a skull model was registered with laser scanning and marker-based algorithms. The registration procedure was repeated 25 times in each group. The values for the root mean-square error were calculated as a measure of the deviation of the forecast position from the actual position and the target difference. In a clinical setting, 21 consecutive patients who presented with cranio-maxillofacial disorders were scheduled for navigational surgery using laser surface scanning for patient-to-image registration. Here the accuracy was determined by anatomical landmark localization. RESULTS In the experimental study, a root mean-square error of 1.3+/-0.14 mm, and a mean target deviation of 2.08+/-0.49 mm were found for laser scanning. In contrast, a root mean-square error of 0.38+/-0.01 mm and a mean target deviation of 0.99+/-0.15 mm were found for marker registration. The differences were statistically significant (p<0.005). A strong correlation between the root mean-square error and the target deviation was found for laser (r=0.96) and marker registration (r=0.95). During the 21 clinical procedures, the overall accuracy of laser scan registration determined by the root mean-square error was 1.21+/-0.34 mm, and the mean clinical precision was 1.8+/-0.5 mm. CONCLUSIONS Three-dimensional laser surface registration offers an interesting approach for selected image-guided procedures in cranio-maxillofacial surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Hoffmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
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Ewers R, Schicho K, Undt G, Wanschitz F, Truppe M, Seemann R, Wagner A. Basic research and 12 years of clinical experience in computer-assisted navigation technology: a review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2005; 34:1-8. [PMID: 15617960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2004.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Computer-aided surgical navigation technology is commonly used in craniomaxillofacial surgery. It offers substantial improvement regarding esthetic and functional aspects in a range of surgical procedures. Based on augmented reality principles, where the real operative site is merged with computer generated graphic information, computer-aided navigation systems were employed, among other procedures, in dental implantology, arthroscopy of the temporomandibular joint, osteotomies, distraction osteogenesis, image guided biopsies and removals of foreign bodies. The decision to perform a procedure with or without computer-aided intraoperative navigation depends on the expected benefit to the procedure as well as on the technical expenditure necessary to achieve that goal. This paper comprises the experience gained in 12 years of research, development and routine clinical application. One hundred and fifty-eight operations with successful application of surgical navigation technology--divided into five groups--are evaluated regarding the criteria "medical benefit" and "technical expenditure" necessary to perform these procedures. Our results indicate that the medical benefit is likely to outweight the expenditure of technology with few exceptions (calvaria transplant, resection of the temporal bone, reconstruction of the orbital floor). Especially in dental implantology, specialized software reduces time and additional costs necessary to plan and perform procedures with computer-aided surgical navigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ewers
- University Hospital of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical School, University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Khamene A, Sauer F. A Novel Phantom-Less Spatial and Temporal Ultrasound Calibration Method. LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE 2005; 8:65-72. [PMID: 16685944 DOI: 10.1007/11566489_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This paper introduces a novel method for ultrasound calibration for both spatial and temporal parameters. The main advantage of this method is that it does not require a phantom, which is usually expensive to fabricate. Furthermore, the method does not require extensive image processing. For spatial calibration, we solve an optimization problem established by a set of equations that relate the orientations of a line (i.e., calibration pointer) to the intersection points appearing in the ultrasound image. The line orientation is provided through calibration of both ends of the calibration pointer. Temporal calibration is achieved by processing of the captured pointer orientations and the corresponding image positions of intersection along with the timing information. The effectiveness of the unified method for both spatial and temporal calibration is apparent from the quality of the 3D reconstructions of a known object.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khamene
- Imaging and Visualization Dept., Siemens Corporate Research, 755 College Road East, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.
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Hoffmann J, Dammann F, Troitzsch D, Müller S, Zerfowski M, Bartz D, Reinert S. Image-guided navigation for minimal invasive approaches in craniomaxillofacial surgery. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2003; 47 Suppl 1 Pt 2:728-31. [PMID: 12465287 DOI: 10.1515/bmte.2002.47.s1b.728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The use of minimally invasive procedures in maxillofacial surgery will require new technologies involving surgical navigation and techniques. The aim of our studies is to improve the efficacy of image-guided navigation in combination with endoscopically assisted techniques for minimally invasive craniomaxillofacial procedures. Prospective evaluation was made of all patients who underwent surgical procedures using image-guided navigation. The most common type of operations performed were endoscopically assisted interventions within the paranasal sinuses, fracture treatment, the resection of bone lesions and further miscellaneous interventions. Our experience to date suggest that image-data based techniques are eminently applicable, providing a feasible alternative to conventional surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hoffmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany.
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