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da Silveira MA, Pavoni JF, Bruno AC, Arruda GV, Baffa O. Three-Dimensional Dosimetry by Optical-CT and Radiochromic Gel Dosimeter of a Multiple Isocenter Craniospinal Radiation Therapy Procedure. Gels 2022; 8:gels8090582. [PMID: 36135294 PMCID: PMC9498794 DOI: 10.3390/gels8090582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Craniospinal irradiation (CSI) is a complex radiation technique employed to treat patients with primitive neuroectodermal tumors such as medulloblastoma or germinative brain tumors with the risk of leptomeningeal spread. In adults, this technique poses a technically challenging planning process because of the complex shape and length of the target volume. Thus, it requires multiple fields and different isocenters to guarantee the primary-tumor dose delivery. Recently, some authors have proposed the use IMRT technique for this planning with the possibility of overlapping adjacent fields. The high-dose delivery complexity demands three-dimensional dosimetry (3DD) to verify this irradiation procedure and motivated this study. We used an optical CT and a radiochromic Fricke-xylenol-orange gel with the addition of formaldehyde (FXO-f) to evaluate the doses delivered at the field junction region of this treatment. We found 96.91% as the mean passing rate using the gamma analysis with 3%/2 mm criteria at the junction region. However, the concentration of fail points in a determined region called attention to this evaluation, indicating the advantages of employing a 3DD technique in complex dose-distribution verifications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexandre Colello Bruno
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14015-010, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Viani Arruda
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14015-010, Brazil
| | - Oswaldo Baffa
- Departamento de Física, FFCLRP—Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil
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Natanasabapathi G, Warmington L, Watanabe Y. Evaluation of two calibration methods for MRI-based polymer gel dosimetry. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 174:109754. [PMID: 34030113 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Polymer gel dosimetry (PGD) can provide three-dimensional (3D) dose data for evaluation of the dose calculation algorithms used by treatment planning systems (TPS). Although the PGD technique, particularly with MRI, is now ready for clinical applications, an accurate calibration method is vital for treatment validation in 3D. This study evaluated the single-phantom electron beam (SPE) method that used the depth-dose data of a 9 MeV electron beam. This technique was compared with the multi-vial x-ray (MVX) method that used nine small vials irradiated with various doses. We tested two regression equations, i.e., third-order polynomial and tangent functions, and two dose-normalization methods, i.e., one-point and two-point methods. These methods were evaluated using a dose distribution generated by a 3 cm × 3 cm open arc beam. We used MAGAT polymer gel manufactured in-house. We found that the SPE method required a smaller dose scaling for the dose comparison. The tangent function showed better data fitting than the polynomial function with smaller uncertainty of the estimated coefficients. We did not observe a distinct advantage of the SPE method over the MVX method for the 3D dose comparison with the test case. From this study, we infer that the SPE method with the tangent function as the regression equation and one-point dose normalization is a good calibration option for the MRI-based polymer gel dosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopishankar Natanasabapathi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. B. R. A. IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Leighton Warmington
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yoichi Watanabe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Colnot J, Huet C, Gschwind R, Clairand I. Characterisation of two new radiochromic gel dosimeters TruView™ and ClearView™ in combination with the vista™ optical CT scanner: A feasibility study. Phys Med 2018; 52:154-164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Alexander KM, Pinter C, Fichtinger G, Olding T, Schreiner LJ. Streamlined open-source gel dosimetry analysis in 3D slicer. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2018; 4. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aad0cf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Maeyama T, Ishida Y, Kudo Y, Fukasaku K, Ishikawa KL, Fukunishi N. Polymer gel dosimeter with AQUAJOINT ® as hydrogel matrix. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Pappas EP, Peppa V, Hourdakis CJ, Karaiskos P, Papagiannis P. On the use of a novel Ferrous Xylenol-orange gelatin dosimeter for HDR brachytherapy commissioning and quality assurance testing. Phys Med 2018; 45:162-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Chang YJ, Chen CH, Hsieh BT. Characterization of long-term dose stability of N-isopropylacrylamide polymer gel dosimetry. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3231-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Xu Y, Wuu CS. Optical computed tomography utilizing a rotating mirror and Fresnel lenses: operating principles and preliminary results. Phys Med Biol 2013; 58:479-95. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/58/3/479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Vandecasteele J, De Deene Y. On the validity of 3D polymer gel dosimetry: II. Physico-chemical effects. Phys Med Biol 2012; 58:43-61. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/58/1/43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Vandecasteele J, De Deene Y. On the validity of 3D polymer gel dosimetry: I. Reproducibility study. Phys Med Biol 2012; 58:19-42. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/58/1/19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Chang YJ, Hsieh BT. Effect of composition interactions on the dose response of an N-isopropylacrylamide gel dosimeter. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44905. [PMID: 23077487 PMCID: PMC3470576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a two-level full factorial design was used to identify the effects of the interactions between compositions in an N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) gel dosimeter involving the following variables: (A) gelatin, (B) NIPAM, (C) the crosslinker N, N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide (Bis), and (D) the antioxidant tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride (THPC). The dose range was from 0 Gy to 5 Gy. Optical computed tomography was used to scan the polymer gel dosimeter. Each component was set to two levels for all four variables, including (A) 4% and 6%, (B) 4% and 6%, (C) 2% and 4%, as well as (D) 5 and 15 mM. Response surface methodology and a central composite design were adopted for the quantitative investigation of the respective interaction effects on the dose response curve of the gel. The results showed that the contributions of the interaction effects, i.e., AB (6.22%), AC (8.38%), AD (7.74%), BC (9.44%), ABC (18.24%), BCD (12.66%), and ABCD (13.4%), were greater than those of the four main effects, accounting for over 76.08% of the total variability. These results also indicated that the NIPAM gel recipe with the highest sensitivity was at 40%C (mass fraction of Bis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Jen Chang
- Department of Management Information Systems, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Mesbahi A, Jafarzadeh V, Gharehaghaji N. Optical and NMR dose response of N-isopropylacrylamide normoxic polymer gel for radiation therapy dosimetry. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2012; 17:146-50. [PMID: 24377016 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2012.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Revised: 02/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Application of less toxic normoxic polymer gel of N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAM) for radiation therapy has been studied in recent years. AIM In the current study the optical and NMR properties of NIPAM were studied for radiation therapy dosimetry application. MATERIALS AND METHODS NIPAM normoxic polymer gel was prepared and irradiated by 9 MV photon beam of a medical linac. The optical absorbance was measured using a conventional laboratory spectrophotometer in different wavelengths ranging from 390 to 860 nm. R 2 measurements of NIPAM gels were performed using a 1.5 T scanner and R 2-dose curve was obtained. RESULTS Our results showed R 2 dose sensitivity of 0.193 ± 0.01 s(-1) Gy(-1) for NIPAM gel. Both R 2 and optical absorbance showed a linear relationship with dose from 1.5 to 11 Gy for NIPAM gel dosimeter. Moreover, absorbance-dose response varied considerably with light wavelength and highest sensitivity was seen for the blue part of the spectrum. CONCLUSION Our results showed that both optical and NMR approaches have acceptable sensitivity and accuracy for dose determination with NIPAM gel. However, for optical reading of the gel, utilization of an optimum optical wavelength is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Mesbahi
- Medical Physics Department, Medical School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ; Radiation Oncology Department, Imam Hospital, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Nahideh Gharehaghaji
- Radiology Department, Paramedical School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Sedaghat M, Bujold R, Lepage M. Investigating potential physicochemical errors in polymer gel dosimeters. Phys Med Biol 2011; 56:6083-107. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/56/18/019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Vandecasteele J, Ghysel S, Baete SH, De Deene Y. Radio-physical properties of micelle leucodye 3D integrating gel dosimeters. Phys Med Biol 2011; 56:627-51. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/56/3/007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Xu Y, Wuu CS, Maryanski MJ. Sensitivity calibration procedures in optical-CT scanning of BANG 3 polymer gel dosimeters. Med Phys 2010; 37:861-8. [PMID: 20229895 PMCID: PMC2826388 DOI: 10.1118/1.3298017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2008] [Revised: 01/04/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The dose response of the BANG 3 polymer gel dosimeter (MGS Research Inc., Madison, CT) was studied using the OCTOPUS laser CT scanner (MGS Research Inc., Madison, CT). Six 17 cm diameter and 12 cm high Barex cylinders, and 18 small glass vials were used to house the gel. The gel phantoms were irradiated with 6 and 10 MV photons, as well as 12 and 16 MeV electrons using a Varian Clinac 2100EX. Three calibration methods were used to obtain the dose response curves: (a) Optical density measurements on the 18 glass vials irradiated with graded doses from 0 to 4 Gy using 6 or 10 MV large field irradiations; (b) optical-CT scanning of Barex cylinders irradiated with graded doses (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 Gy) from four adjacent 4 x 4 cm2 photon fields or 6 x 6 cm2 electron fields; and (c) percent depth dose (PDD) comparison of optical-CT scans with ion chamber measurements for 6 x 6 cm2, 12 and 16 MeV electron fields. The dose response of the BANG3 gel was found to be linear and energy independent within the uncertainties of the experimental methods (about 3%). The slopes of the linearly fitted dose response curves (dose sensitivities) from the four field irradiations (0.0752 +/- 3%, 0.0756 +/- 3%, 0.0767 +/- 3%, and 0.0759 +/- 3% cm(-1) Gy(-1)) and the PDD matching methods (0.0768 +/- 3% and 0.0761 +/- 3% cm(-1) Gy(-1)) agree within 2.2%, indicating a good reproducibility of the gel dose response within phantoms of the same geometry. The dose sensitivities from the glass vial approach are different from those of the cylindrical Barex phantoms by more than 30%, owing probably to the difference in temperature inside the two types of phantoms during gel formation and irradiation, and possible oxygen contamination of the glass vial walls. The dose response curve obtained from the PDD matching approach with 16 MeV electron field was used to calibrate the gel phantom irradiated with the 12 MeV, 6 x 6 cm2 electron field. Three-dimensional dose distributions from the gel measurement and the Eclipse planning system (Varian Corporation, Palo Alto, CA) were compared and evaluated using 3% dose difference and 2 mm distance-to-agreement criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
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