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Feng Z, Sun E, China D, Huang X, Hooshangnejad H, Gonzalez EA, Bell MAL, Ding K. Enhancing Image-Guided Radiation Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer: Utilizing Aligned Peak Response Beamforming in Flexible Array Transducers. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1244. [PMID: 38610923 PMCID: PMC11011135 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
To develop ultrasound-guided radiotherapy, we proposed an assistant structure with embedded markers along with a novel alternative method, the Aligned Peak Response (APR) method, to alter the conventional delay-and-sum (DAS) beamformer for reconstructing ultrasound images obtained from a flexible array. We simulated imaging targets in Field-II using point target phantoms with point targets at different locations. In the experimental phantom ultrasound images, image RF data were acquired with a flexible transducer with in-house assistant structures embedded with needle targets for testing the accuracy of the APR method. The lateral full width at half maximum (FWHM) values of the objective point target (OPT) in ground truth ultrasound images, APR-delayed ultrasound images with a flat shape, and images acquired with curved transducer radii of 500 mm and 700 mm were 3.96 mm, 4.95 mm, 4.96 mm, and 4.95 mm. The corresponding axial FWHM values were 1.52 mm, 4.08 mm, 5.84 mm, and 5.92 mm, respectively. These results demonstrate that the proposed assistant structure and the APR method have the potential to construct accurate delay curves without external shape sensing, thereby enabling a flexible ultrasound array for tracking pancreatic tumor targets in real time for radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (Z.F.); (E.S.); (H.H.)
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (E.A.G.); (M.A.L.B.)
| | - Edward Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (Z.F.); (E.S.); (H.H.)
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Debarghya China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (D.C.); (X.H.)
| | - Xinyue Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (D.C.); (X.H.)
| | - Hamed Hooshangnejad
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (Z.F.); (E.S.); (H.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (D.C.); (X.H.)
| | - Eduardo A. Gonzalez
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (E.A.G.); (M.A.L.B.)
| | - Muyinatu A. Lediju Bell
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; (E.A.G.); (M.A.L.B.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (D.C.); (X.H.)
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Kai Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (Z.F.); (E.S.); (H.H.)
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Zhang Y, Niu S, Yuan J, Wang X, Gong C, Tang C. Dosimetric Effect of Target Position Accuracy on Single-Isocenter Multiple Liver Metastases SBRT. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338241257422. [PMID: 38780512 PMCID: PMC11119531 DOI: 10.1177/15330338241257422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the dosimetric effects of intrafraction baseline shifts combined with rotational errors on Four-dimensional computed tomography-guided stereotactic body radiotherapy for multiple liver metastases (MLMs). Methods: A total of 10 patients with MLM (2 or 3 lesions) were selected for this retrospective study. Baseline shift errors of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mm; and rotational errors of 0.5°, 1°, and 1.5°, were simulated about all axes. All of the baseline shifts and rotation errors were simulated around the planned isocenter using a matrix transformation of 6° of freedom. The coverage degradation of baseline shifts and rotational errors were analyzed according to the dose to 95% of the planning target volume (D95) and the volume covered by 95% of the prescribed dose (V95), and related changes in gross tumor volume were also analyzed. Results: At the rotation error of 0.5° and the baseline offset of less than 0.5 mm, the D95 and V95 values of all targets were >95%. For rotational errors of 1.0° (combined with all baseline shift errors), 36.3% of targets had D95 and V95 values of <95%. Coverage worsened substantially when the baseline shift errors were increased to 1.0 mm. D95 and V95 values were >95% for about 77.3% of the targets. Only 11.4% of the D95 and V95 values were >95% when the baseline shift errors were increased to 2.0 mm. When the rotational error was increased to 1.5° and baseline shift errors increased to 1.0 mm, the D95 and V95 values were >95% in only 3 cases. Conclusions: The multivariate regression model analysis in this study showed that the coverage of the target decreased further with reduced target volume, increasing the baseline drift, the rotation error, and the distance to the target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, JXHC Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunoregulation (Jiangxi Cancer Hospital), Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Shanzhou Niu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Computational Imaging, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, JXHC Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunoregulation (Jiangxi Cancer Hospital), Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Changfei Gong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, JXHC Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunoregulation (Jiangxi Cancer Hospital), Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Chunbo Tang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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Zhang W, Cai X, Sun J, Wang W, Zhao J, Zhang Q, Jiang G, Wang Z. Pencil Beam Scanning Carbon Ion Radiotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:2397-2409. [PMID: 38169909 PMCID: PMC10759913 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s429186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) has emerged as a promising treatment modality for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, evidence of using the pencil beam scanning (PBS) technique to treat moving liver tumors remains lacking. The present study investigated the efficacy and toxicity of PBS CIRT in patients with HCC. Methods Between January 2016 and October 2021, 90 consecutive HCC patients treated with definitive CIRT in our center were retrospectively analyzed. Fifty-eight patients received relative biological effectiveness-weighted doses of 50-70 Gy in 10 fractions, and 32 received 60-67.5 Gy in 15 fractions, which were determined by the tumor location and normal tissue constraints. Active motion-management techniques and necessary strategies were adopted to mitigate interplay effects efficiently. Oncologic outcomes and toxicities were evaluated. Results The median follow-up time was 28.6 months (range 5.7-74.6 months). The objective response rate was 75.0% for all 90 patients with 100 treated lesions. The overall survival rates at 1-, 2- and 3-years were 97.8%, 83.3% and 75.4%, respectively. The local control rates at 1-, 2- and 3-years were 96.4%, 96.4% and 93.1%, respectively. Radiation-induced liver disease was not documented, and 4 patients (4.4%) had their Child-Pugh score elevated by 1 point after CIRT. No grade 3 or higher acute non-hematological toxicities were observed. Six patients (6.7%) experienced grade 3 or higher late toxicities. Conclusion The active scanning technique was clinically feasible to treat HCC by applying necessary mitigation measures for interplay effects. The desirable oncologic outcomes as well as favorable toxicity profiles presented in this study will be a valuable reference for other carbon-ion centers using the PBS technique and local effect model-based system, and add to a growing body of evidence about the role of CIRT in the management of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenna Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayao Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Medical Physics, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Medical Physics, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingfang Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Medical Physics, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Ehrbar S, Schrader M, Marvaso G, Perryck S, Van Timmeren JE, Pavic M, Moreira A, Tanadini-Lang S, Guckenberger M, Andratschke N, Garcia Schüler H. Intra- and inter-fraction breath-hold variations and margins for radiotherapy of abdominal targets. Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol 2023; 28:100509. [PMID: 38045640 PMCID: PMC10692905 DOI: 10.1016/j.phro.2023.100509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy in expiration breath-hold (EBH) has the potential to reduce treatment volumes of abdominal targets compared to an internal target volume concept in free-breathing. The reproducibility of EBH and required safety margins were investigated to quantify this volumetric benefit. Pre- and post-treatment diaphragm position difference and the positioning variability were determined on computed tomography. Systematic and random errors for EBH position reproducibility and positioning variability were calculated, resulting in margins of 7 to 12 mm depending on the prescription isodose and fractionation. A reduced volume was shown for EBH for lesions with superior-inferior breathing motion above 4 to 8 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Ehrbar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Schrader
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giulia Marvaso
- Department of Radiation Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sophie Perryck
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Janita E. Van Timmeren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matea Pavic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Amanda Moreira
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Tanadini-Lang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Guckenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolaus Andratschke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Helena Garcia Schüler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Terpstra ML, Maspero M, Verhoeff JJC, van den Berg CAT. Accelerated respiratory-resolved 4D-MRI with separable spatio-temporal neural networks. Med Phys 2023; 50:5331-5342. [PMID: 37527331 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory-resolved four-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (4D-MRI) provides essential motion information for accurate radiation treatments of mobile tumors. However, obtaining high-quality 4D-MRI suffers from long acquisition and reconstruction times. PURPOSE To develop a deep learning architecture to quickly acquire and reconstruct high-quality 4D-MRI, enabling accurate motion quantification for MRI-guided radiotherapy (MRIgRT). METHODS A small convolutional neural network called MODEST is proposed to reconstruct 4D-MRI by performing a spatial and temporal decomposition, omitting the need for 4D convolutions to use all the spatio-temporal information present in 4D-MRI. This network is trained on undersampled 4D-MRI after respiratory binning to reconstruct high-quality 4D-MRI obtained by compressed sensing reconstruction. The network is trained, validated, and tested on 4D-MRI of 28 lung cancer patients acquired with a T1-weighted golden-angle radial stack-of-stars (GA-SOS) sequence. The 4D-MRI of 18, 5, and 5 patients were used for training, validation, and testing. Network performances are evaluated on image quality measured by the structural similarity index (SSIM) and motion consistency by comparing the position of the lung-liver interface on undersampled 4D-MRI before and after respiratory binning. The network is compared to conventional architectures such as a U-Net, which has 30 times more trainable parameters. RESULTS MODEST can reconstruct high-quality 4D-MRI with higher image quality than a U-Net, despite a thirty-fold reduction in trainable parameters. High-quality 4D-MRI can be obtained using MODEST in approximately 2.5 min, including acquisition, processing, and reconstruction. CONCLUSION High-quality accelerated 4D-MRI can be obtained using MODEST, which is particularly interesting for MRIgRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten L Terpstra
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Computational Imaging Group for MR Diagnostics & Therapy, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Matteo Maspero
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Computational Imaging Group for MR Diagnostics & Therapy, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joost J C Verhoeff
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis A T van den Berg
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Computational Imaging Group for MR Diagnostics & Therapy, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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6
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Katano A, Nozawa Y, Minamitani M, Yamashita H, Nakagawa K. Novel breath-hold liver target stereotactic ablative radiotherapy using the intrafraction diaphragm registration of kilovoltage projection streaming image with digitally reconstructed radiography of the planning computed tomography. Tech Innov Patient Support Radiat Oncol 2023; 27:100217. [PMID: 37448787 PMCID: PMC10336676 DOI: 10.1016/j.tipsro.2023.100217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) is an emerging treatment option for patients with primary or metastatic liver tumors, particularly for those who are not eligible for surgery or transplantation. SABR is a high-precision radiation therapy that delivers a high dose of radiation to the tumor while minimizing the dose to the surrounding healthy tissues. However, the accurate targeting of the tumor is a crucial aspect of liver SABR, which requires real-time imaging and tracking of the liver and tumor motion during treatment. One of the motion management strategies for liver SABR is the repeated breath-hold technique, which involves the patient holding their breath multiple times during treatment delivery to reduce the movement of the liver and other organs due to breathing. This technique helps to improve the accuracy of the treatment and reduce the radiation dose to the healthy liver. The current study proposes a novel approach for multiple breath-hold volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for liver tumors, which uses the intrafraction diaphragm registration in real time to improve the accuracy and precision of the treatment. The proposed approach is based on real-time comparison of the diaphragmatic surface location between the digitally reconstructed radiography (DRR) and intrafraction kilovoltage projection streaming images (kV-PSI) having the same beam angles. The image cross-correlation between the DRR and the intrafraction kV-PSI provides a measure of the similarity between the two images and can be used to identify and track the diaphragm position during VMAT delivery. The proposed methodology consists of several steps, including planning CT and treatment planning, reference image reconstruction, and patient positioning and immobilization. The proposed approach has the potential to improve the accuracy and precision of liver cancer VMAT SABR, thereby increasing the efficacy of the treatment and reducing the risk of radiation exposure to surrounding healthy tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuto Katano
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yuki Nozawa
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masanari Minamitani
- Department of Comprehensive Radiation Oncology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hideomi Yamashita
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Keiichi Nakagawa
- Department of Comprehensive Radiation Oncology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Li T, Wang J, Yang Y, Glide-Hurst CK, Wen N, Cai J. Multi-parametric MRI for radiotherapy simulation. Med Phys 2023; 50:5273-5293. [PMID: 36710376 PMCID: PMC10382603 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an important imaging modality in the field of radiotherapy (RT) in the past decade, especially with the development of various novel MRI and image-guidance techniques. In this review article, we will describe recent developments and discuss the applications of multi-parametric MRI (mpMRI) in RT simulation. In this review, mpMRI refers to a general and loose definition which includes various multi-contrast MRI techniques. Specifically, we will focus on the implementation, challenges, and future directions of mpMRI techniques for RT simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jihong Wang
- Department of Radiation Physics, Division of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yingli Yang
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong Univeristy School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- SJTU-Ruijing-UIH Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Carri K Glide-Hurst
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ning Wen
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong Univeristy School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- SJTU-Ruijing-UIH Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- The Global Institute of Future Technology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Shao HC, Li Y, Wang J, Jiang S, Zhang Y. Real-time liver tumor localization via combined surface imaging and a single x-ray projection. Phys Med Biol 2023; 68:065002. [PMID: 36731143 PMCID: PMC10394117 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/acb889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective. Real-time imaging, a building block of real-time adaptive radiotherapy, provides instantaneous knowledge of anatomical motion to drive delivery adaptation to improve patient safety and treatment efficacy. The temporal constraint of real-time imaging (<500 milliseconds) significantly limits the imaging signals that can be acquired, rendering volumetric imaging and 3D tumor localization extremely challenging. Real-time liver imaging is particularly difficult, compounded by the low soft tissue contrast within the liver. We proposed a deep learning (DL)-based framework (Surf-X-Bio), to track 3D liver tumor motion in real-time from combined optical surface image and a single on-board x-ray projection.Approach. Surf-X-Bio performs mesh-based deformable registration to track/localize liver tumors volumetrically via three steps. First, a DL model was built to estimate liver boundary motion from an optical surface image, using learnt motion correlations between the respiratory-induced external body surface and liver boundary. Second, the residual liver boundary motion estimation error was further corrected by a graph neural network-based DL model, using information extracted from a single x-ray projection. Finally, a biomechanical modeling-driven DL model was applied to solve the intra-liver motion for tumor localization, using the liver boundary motion derived via prior steps.Main results. Surf-X-Bio demonstrated higher accuracy and better robustness in tumor localization, as compared to surface-image-only and x-ray-only models. By Surf-X-Bio, the mean (±s.d.) 95-percentile Hausdorff distance of the liver boundary from the 'ground-truth' decreased from 9.8 (±4.5) (before motion estimation) to 2.4 (±1.6) mm. The mean (±s.d.) center-of-mass localization error of the liver tumors decreased from 8.3 (±4.8) to 1.9 (±1.6) mm.Significance. Surf-X-Bio can accurately track liver tumors from combined surface imaging and x-ray imaging. The fast computational speed (<250 milliseconds per inference) allows it to be applied clinically for real-time motion management and adaptive radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Chieh Shao
- The Advanced Imaging and Informatics for Radiation Therapy (AIRT) Laboratory, The Medical Artificial Intelligence and Automation (MAIA) Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States of America
| | - Yunxiang Li
- The Advanced Imaging and Informatics for Radiation Therapy (AIRT) Laboratory, The Medical Artificial Intelligence and Automation (MAIA) Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States of America
| | - Jing Wang
- The Advanced Imaging and Informatics for Radiation Therapy (AIRT) Laboratory, The Medical Artificial Intelligence and Automation (MAIA) Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States of America
| | - Steve Jiang
- The Advanced Imaging and Informatics for Radiation Therapy (AIRT) Laboratory, The Medical Artificial Intelligence and Automation (MAIA) Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States of America
| | - You Zhang
- The Advanced Imaging and Informatics for Radiation Therapy (AIRT) Laboratory, The Medical Artificial Intelligence and Automation (MAIA) Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States of America
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9
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Nankali S, Worm ES, Thomsen JB, Stick LB, Bertholet J, Høyer M, Weber B, Mortensen HR, Poulsen PR. Intrafraction tumor motion monitoring and dose reconstruction for liver pencil beam scanning proton therapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1112481. [PMID: 36937392 PMCID: PMC10019817 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1112481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton therapy can provide highly conformal target dose distributions and healthy tissue sparing. However, proton therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is prone to dosimetrical uncertainties induced by respiratory motion. This study aims to develop intra-treatment tumor motion monitoring during respiratory gated proton therapy and combine it with motion-including dose reconstruction to estimate the delivered tumor doses for individual HCC treatment fractions. Methods Three HCC-patients were planned to receive 58 GyRBE (n=2) or 67.5 GyRBE (n=1) of exhale respiratory gated PBS proton therapy in 15 fractions. The treatment planning was based on the exhale phase of a 4-dimensional CT scan. Daily setup was based on cone-beam CT (CBCT) imaging of three implanted fiducial markers. An external marker block (RPM) on the patient's abdomen was used for exhale gating in free breathing. This study was based on 5 fractions (patient 1), 1 fraction (patient 2) and 6 fractions (patient 3) where a post-treatment control CBCT was available. After treatment, segmented 2D marker positions in the post-treatment CBCT projections provided the estimated 3D motion trajectory during the CBCT by a probability-based method. An external-internal correlation model (ECM) that estimated the tumor motion from the RPM motion was built from the synchronized RPM signal and marker motion in the CBCT. The ECM was then used to estimate intra-treatment tumor motion. Finally, the motion-including CTV dose was estimated using a dose reconstruction method that emulates tumor motion in beam's eye view as lateral spot shifts and in-depth motion as changes in the proton beam energy. The CTV homogeneity index (HI) The CTV homogeneity index (HI) was calculated as D 2 % - D 98 % D 50 % × 100 % . Results The tumor position during spot delivery had a root-mean-square error of 1.3 mm in left-right, 2.8 mm in cranio-caudal and 1.7 mm in anterior-posterior directions compared to the planned position. On average, the CTV HI was larger than planned by 3.7%-points (range: 1.0-6.6%-points) for individual fractions and by 0.7%-points (range: 0.3-1.1%-points) for the average dose of 5 or 6 fractions. Conclusions A method to estimate internal tumor motion and reconstruct the motion-including fraction dose for PBS proton therapy of HCC was developed and demonstrated successfully clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Nankali
- Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Saber Nankali,
| | | | - Jakob Borup Thomsen
- Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Jenny Bertholet
- Division of Medical Radiation Physics and Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Morten Høyer
- Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Britta Weber
- Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Per Rugaard Poulsen
- Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Tascón-Vidarte JD, Stick LB, Josipovic M, Risum S, Jomier J, Erleben K, Vogelius IR, Darkner S. Accuracy and consistency of intensity-based deformable image registration in 4DCT for tumor motion estimation in liver radiotherapy planning. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271064. [PMID: 35802593 PMCID: PMC9269460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the accuracy of intensity-based deformable image registration (DIR) for tumor localization in liver stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). We included 4DCT scans to capture the breathing motion of eight patients receiving SBRT for liver metastases within a retrospective clinical study. Each patient had three fiducial markers implanted. The liver and the tumor were delineated in the mid-ventilation phase, and their positions in the other phases were estimated with deformable image registration. We tested referenced and sequential registrations strategies. The fiducial markers were the gold standard to evaluate registration accuracy. The registration errors related to measured versus estimated fiducial markers showed a mean value less than 1.6mm. The positions of some fiducial markers appeared not stable on the 4DCT throughout the respiratory phases. Markers’ center of mass tends to be a more reliable measurement. Distance errors of tumor location based on registration versus markers center of mass were less than 2mm. There were no statistically significant differences between the reference and the sequential registration, i.e., consistency and errors were comparable to resolution errors. We demonstrated that intensity-based DIR is accurate up to resolution level for locating the tumor in the liver during breathing motion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kenny Erleben
- Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Sune Darkner
- Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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Ma L, Liang H, Han B, Yang S, Zhang X, Liao H. Augmented reality navigation with ultrasound-assisted point cloud registration for percutaneous ablation of liver tumors. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2022; 17:1543-1552. [PMID: 35704238 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-022-02671-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We present a novel augmented reality (AR) surgical navigation method with ultrasound-assisted point cloud registration for percutaneous ablation of liver tumors. A preliminary study is carried out to verify its feasibility. METHODS Two three-dimensional (3D) point clouds of the liver surface are derived from the preoperative images and intraoperative tracked US images, respectively. To compensate for the soft tissue deformation, the point cloud registration between the preoperative images and the liver is performed using the non-rigid iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm. A 3D AR device based on integral videography technology is designed to accurately display naked-eye 3D images for surgical navigation. Based on the above registration, naked-eye 3D images of the liver surface, planning path, entry points, and tumor can be overlaid in situ through our 3D AR device. Finally, the AR-guided targeting accuracy is evaluated through entry point positioning. RESULTS Experiments on both the liver phantom and in vitro pork liver were conducted. Several entry points on the liver surface were used to evaluate the targeting accuracy. The preliminary validation on the liver phantom showed average entry-point errors (EPEs) of 2.34 ± 0.45 mm, 2.25 ± 0.72 mm, 2.71 ± 0.82 mm, and 2.50 ± 1.11 mm at distinct US point cloud coverage rates of 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25%, respectively. The average EPEs of the deformed pork liver were 4.49 ± 1.88 mm and 5.02 ± 2.03 mm at the coverage rates of 100% and 75%, and the average covered-entry-point errors (CEPEs) were 4.96 ± 2.05 mm and 2.97 ± 1.37 mm at 50% and 25%, respectively. CONCLUSION Experimental outcomes demonstrate that the proposed AR navigation method based on US-assisted point cloud registration has achieved an acceptable targeting accuracy on the liver surface even in the case of liver deformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hanying Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Boxuan Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shizhong Yang
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hongen Liao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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12
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Kaučić H, Kosmina D, Schwarz D, Mack A, Šobat H, Čehobašić A, Leipold V, Andrašek I, Avdičević A, Mlinarić M. Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy Using CALYPSO ® Extracranial Tracking for Intrafractional Tumor Motion Management-A New Potential Local Treatment for Unresectable Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer? Results from a Retrospective Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112688. [PMID: 35681668 PMCID: PMC9179494 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SABR for LAPC using Calypso® Extracranial Tracking for intrafractional, fiducial-based motion management, to present this motion management technique, as there are yet no published data on usage of Calypso® during SABR for LAPC, and to report on our clinical outcomes. (2) Methods: Fifty-four patients were treated with SABR in one, three, or five fractions, receiving median BED10 = 112.5 Gy. Thirty-eight patients received systemic treatment. End points were OS, FFLP, PFS, and toxicity. Actuarial survival analysis and univariate analysis were investigated. (3) Results: Median follow-up was 20 months. Median OS was 24 months. One-year FFLP and one-year OS were 100% and 90.7%, respectively. Median PFS was 18 months, and one-year PFS was 72.2%. Twenty-five patients (46.3%) were alive at the time of analysis, and both median FU and OS for this subgroup were 26 months. No acute/late toxicity > G2 was reported. (4) Conclusions: SABR for LAPC using Calypso® presented as an effective and safe treatment and could be a promising local therapeutic option with very acceptable toxicity, either as a single treatment or in a multimodality regimen. Dose escalation to the tumor combined with systemic treatment could yield better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hrvoje Kaučić
- Specijalna bolnica Radiochirurgia Zagreb, Ulica Dr. Franje Tuđmana 4, 10431 Sveta Nedelja, Croatia; (D.K.); (D.S.); (H.Š.); (A.Č.); (V.L.); (I.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.)
- Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku—Medicinski Fakultet Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-91-5622-191
| | - Domagoj Kosmina
- Specijalna bolnica Radiochirurgia Zagreb, Ulica Dr. Franje Tuđmana 4, 10431 Sveta Nedelja, Croatia; (D.K.); (D.S.); (H.Š.); (A.Č.); (V.L.); (I.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Dragan Schwarz
- Specijalna bolnica Radiochirurgia Zagreb, Ulica Dr. Franje Tuđmana 4, 10431 Sveta Nedelja, Croatia; (D.K.); (D.S.); (H.Š.); (A.Č.); (V.L.); (I.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.)
- Medicinski Fakultet Sveučilišta u Rijeci, Braće Branchetta 20/1, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku—Fakultet za Dentalnu Medicinu i Zdravstvo Osijek, Crkvena Ulica 21, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Andreas Mack
- Swiss NeuroRadiosurgery Center, Bürglistrasse 29, 8002 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Hrvoje Šobat
- Specijalna bolnica Radiochirurgia Zagreb, Ulica Dr. Franje Tuđmana 4, 10431 Sveta Nedelja, Croatia; (D.K.); (D.S.); (H.Š.); (A.Č.); (V.L.); (I.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Adlan Čehobašić
- Specijalna bolnica Radiochirurgia Zagreb, Ulica Dr. Franje Tuđmana 4, 10431 Sveta Nedelja, Croatia; (D.K.); (D.S.); (H.Š.); (A.Č.); (V.L.); (I.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.)
- Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku—Medicinski Fakultet Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vanda Leipold
- Specijalna bolnica Radiochirurgia Zagreb, Ulica Dr. Franje Tuđmana 4, 10431 Sveta Nedelja, Croatia; (D.K.); (D.S.); (H.Š.); (A.Č.); (V.L.); (I.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.)
- Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku—Medicinski Fakultet Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Iva Andrašek
- Specijalna bolnica Radiochirurgia Zagreb, Ulica Dr. Franje Tuđmana 4, 10431 Sveta Nedelja, Croatia; (D.K.); (D.S.); (H.Š.); (A.Č.); (V.L.); (I.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Asmir Avdičević
- Specijalna bolnica Radiochirurgia Zagreb, Ulica Dr. Franje Tuđmana 4, 10431 Sveta Nedelja, Croatia; (D.K.); (D.S.); (H.Š.); (A.Č.); (V.L.); (I.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Mihaela Mlinarić
- Specijalna bolnica Radiochirurgia Zagreb, Ulica Dr. Franje Tuđmana 4, 10431 Sveta Nedelja, Croatia; (D.K.); (D.S.); (H.Š.); (A.Č.); (V.L.); (I.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.)
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13
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Li H, Dong L, Bert C, Chang J, Flampouri S, Jee KW, Lin L, Moyers M, Mori S, Rottmann J, Tryggestad E, Vedam S. Report of AAPM Task Group 290: Respiratory motion management for particle therapy. Med Phys 2022; 49:e50-e81. [PMID: 35066871 PMCID: PMC9306777 DOI: 10.1002/mp.15470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dose uncertainty induced by respiratory motion remains a major concern for treating thoracic and abdominal lesions using particle beams. This Task Group report reviews the impact of tumor motion and dosimetric considerations in particle radiotherapy, current motion‐management techniques, and limitations for different particle‐beam delivery modes (i.e., passive scattering, uniform scanning, and pencil‐beam scanning). Furthermore, the report provides guidance and risk analysis for quality assurance of the motion‐management procedures to ensure consistency and accuracy, and discusses future development and emerging motion‐management strategies. This report supplements previously published AAPM report TG76, and considers aspects of motion management that are crucial to the accurate and safe delivery of particle‐beam therapy. To that end, this report produces general recommendations for commissioning and facility‐specific dosimetric characterization, motion assessment, treatment planning, active and passive motion‐management techniques, image guidance and related decision‐making, monitoring throughout therapy, and recommendations for vendors. Key among these recommendations are that: (1) facilities should perform thorough planning studies (using retrospective data) and develop standard operating procedures that address all aspects of therapy for any treatment site involving respiratory motion; (2) a risk‐based methodology should be adopted for quality management and ongoing process improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christoph Bert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Joe Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stella Flampouri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kyung-Wook Jee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liyong Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael Moyers
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shinichiro Mori
- Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Joerg Rottmann
- Center for Proton Therapy, Proton Therapy Singapore, Proton Therapy Pte Ltd, Singapore
| | - Erik Tryggestad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sastry Vedam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA
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Isaac EI, Hall J, Dault JB, Elbich J, McGhee A, Fields EC. Transarterial Chemoembolization with LC Bead LUMI followed by Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Adv Radiat Oncol 2022; 7:100830. [PMID: 35071833 PMCID: PMC8767242 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2021.100830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Evrosina I. Isaac
- Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Jacob Hall
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Joshua B. Dault
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Jeffrey Elbich
- Department of Radiology, Vascular Interventional Radiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Adrienne McGhee
- Department of Radiology, Vascular Interventional Radiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Emma C. Fields
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, Virginia
- Corresponding author: Emma C. Fields, MD
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15
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Wang G, Song X, Li G, Duan L, Li Z, Dai G, Bai L, Xiao Q, Zhang X, Song Y, Bai S. Correlation of Optical Surface Respiratory Motion Signal and Internal Lung and Liver Tumor Motion: A Retrospective Single-Center Observational Study. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221112280. [PMID: 35791642 PMCID: PMC9272160 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221112280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Surface-guided radiation therapy (SGRT) application has limitations. This study aimed to explore the relationship between patient characteristics and their external/internal correlation to qualitatively assess the external/internal correlation in a particular patient. Methods: Liver and lung cancer patients treated with radiotherapy in our institution were retrospectively analyzed. The external/internal correlation were calculated with Spearman correlation coefficient (SCC) and SCC after support vector regression (SVR) fitting (SCCsvr). The relationship between the external/internal correlation and magnitudes of motion of the tumor and external marker (Ai, Ae), tumor volume Vt, patient age, gender, and tumor location were explored. Results: The external/internal motions of liver and lung cancer patients were strongly correlated in the S-I direction, with mean SCCsvr values of 0.913 and 0.813. The correlation coefficients between the external/internal correlations and the patients’ characteristics (Ai, Ae, Vt, and age) were all smaller than 0.5; Ai, Ae and liver tumor volumes were positively correlated with the strength of the external/internal correlation, while lung tumor volumes and patient age were negative. The external/internal correlations in males and females were roughly equal, and the external/internal correlations in patients with peripheral lung cancers were stronger than those in patients with central lung cancers. Conclusion: The external/internal correlation shows great individual differences. The effects of Ai, Ae, Vt, and age are weakly to moderately correlated. Our results suggest the necessity of individualized assessment of patient's external/internal motion correlation prior to the application of SGRT technique for breath motion monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangjun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lian Duan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhibin Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 74566The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guyu Dai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Long Bai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangbin Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sen Bai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, 12530Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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16
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Oyoshi H, Tachibana H, Someya T, Rachi T, Takeda Y, Ariji T. [A Preliminary Study of Optimal Imaging Acquisition Parameters for Fiducial Markers in Liver Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2021; 77:1400-1410. [PMID: 34924476 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2021_jsrt_77.12.1400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In liver stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) using fiducial markers, the accuracy of automatic image recognition of fiducial markers is important, and the imaging dose cannot be neglected in image-guided radiotherapy. Optimal imaging parameters of fiducial markers were investigated for automatic image recognition and imaging dose. We investigated automatic recognition with fiducial markers of different shapes and sizes. In addition, the optimum imaging conditions were examined based on the automatic recognition when the presence or absence of a filter, focal spot size, and phantom thickness were altered using the fiducial markers with a high automatic recognition. The results for different shapes and sizes of fiducial markers showed that larger markers were recognized more automatically, whereas shorter markers were recognized in the correct position. By using the filter, we were able to reduce the imaging dose by one third or one half compared to the case without the filter. The results for the focal spot size showed that using a larger size resulted in higher automatic recognition accuracy than using a smaller size. For the relationship between the automatically recognized imaging conditions and the air kerma when the phantom thickness was altered, it was necessary to keep the tube current-time product constant and increase the tube voltage in order to avoid poor recognition accuracy. The parameters we proposed are effective in shortening the treatment time and reducing the imaging dose because they allow us to acquire images with low doses and high accuracy of automatic recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Oyoshi
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East
| | - Hidenobu Tachibana
- Radiation Safety and Quality Assurance Division, National Cancer Center Hospital East
| | - Takashi Someya
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East
| | - Toshiya Rachi
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East
| | - Youhei Takeda
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East (Current address: Department of Radiology, Shinshu Ueda Medical Center)
| | - Takaki Ariji
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East
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17
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Lei L, Tang H, Zhang J, Wu Y, Zhao B, Hu Y, Li B. Automatic registration and precise tumour localization method for robot-assisted puncture procedure under inconsistent breath-holding conditions. Int J Med Robot 2021; 17:e2319. [PMID: 34379863 DOI: 10.1002/rcs.2319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During percutaneous puncture procedure, breath holding is subjectively controlled by patients, and it is difficult to ensure consistent tumour position between the preoperative CT scanning phase and the intraoperative puncture phase. In addition, the manual registration process is time-consuming and has low accuracy. METHODS We have proposed an automatic registration method using optical markers and a tumour breath-holding position estimation model based on the support vector regression algorithm. A robot system and a tumour respiratory motion simulation platform are built to perform puncture tests under different breath-holding states. RESULTS The experimental results show that automatic registration has higher accuracy than manual registration, and with the tumour breath-holding position estimation model, the targeting accuracy of puncture under inconsistent breath-holding conditions is greatly improved. CONCLUSIONS The proposed automatic registration and tumour breath-holding position estimation model can improve the accuracy and efficiency of puncture under inconsistent breath-holding conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Lei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huajie Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuqi Wu
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Baoliang Zhao
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
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Uchinami Y, Katoh N, Abo D, Taguchi H, Yasuda K, Nishioka K, Soyama T, Morita R, Miyamoto N, Suzuki R, Sho T, Nakai M, Ogawa K, Kakisaka T, Orimo T, Kamiyama T, Shimizu S, Aoyama H. Treatment outcomes of stereotactic body radiation therapy using a real-time tumor-tracking radiotherapy system for hepatocellular carcinomas. Hepatol Res 2021; 51:870-879. [PMID: 33894086 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To report the outcomes of stereotactic body radiotherapy using a real-time tumor-tracking radiotherapy system for hepatocellular carcinoma patients. METHODS From January 2005 to July 2018, 63 patients with 74 lesions with a maximum diameter ≤52 mm were treated by stereotactic body radiotherapy using a real-time tumor-tracking radiotherapy system. No patient with a Child-Pugh Score ≥9 was included, and 85.6% had a score of 5 or 6. Using the biological effective dose (BED) with an α/β ratio of 10 (BED10 ), the median dose in BED10 at the reference point was 76.8 Gy (range 60-122.5 Gy). Overall survival (OS) and local control rates were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS With a median follow-up period of 24.6 months (range 0.9-118.4 months), the 1-year and 2-year OS rates were 86.8% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 75.8-93.3) and 71.1% (57.8-81.6), respectively. The 2-year OS was 89.6% in patients with the baseline modified albumin-bilirubin (mALBI) grade =1, and 61.7% in patients with grade ≥2a. In the multivariate analysis, the mALBI grade (=1 vs. ≥2a) was a significant factor for OS (p = 0.028, 95% CI 1.11-6.18). The 1-year and 2-year local control rates were 100% (100-100%) and 92.0% (77.5-97.5%). The local control rates were significantly higher in the BED10 ≥100 Gy group than in the BED10 <100 Gy group (2-year 100% vs. 86.5%, p = 0.049) at the reference point. CONCLUSION This retrospective study of stereotactic body radiotherapy using real-time tumor-tracking radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma showed favorable outcomes with lower incidence of toxicities, especially in patients treated with BED10 ≥100 Gy to the reference point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Uchinami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Norio Katoh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Daisuke Abo
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Taguchi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Koichi Yasuda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nishioka
- Department of Radiation Medical Science and Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takeshi Soyama
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ryo Morita
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Naoki Miyamoto
- Department of Medical Physics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Suzuki
- Department of Medical Physics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takuya Sho
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masato Nakai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Koji Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kakisaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Orimo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Toshiya Kamiyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shinichi Shimizu
- Department of Radiation Medical Science and Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Aoyama
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Lei L, Huang L, Zhao B, Hu Y, Jiang Z, Zhang J, Li B. Diffeomorphic respiratory motion estimation of thoracoabdominal organs for image-guided interventions. Med Phys 2021; 48:4160-4176. [PMID: 34115885 DOI: 10.1002/mp.15008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Percutaneous image-guided interventions are commonly used for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In practice, physiological breathing-induced motion increases the difficulty of accurately inserting needles into tumors without impairing the surrounding vital structures. In this work, we propose a data-driven patient-specific hierarchical respiratory motion estimation framework to accurately estimate the position of a tumor and surrounding vital tissues in real time. METHODS The motion of optical markers attached to the chest or abdomen skin is used as a surrogate signal to estimate tumor motion based on ɛ-support vector regression (ɛ-SVR). With the estimated tumor motion as the input, a novel respiratory motion model is developed to estimate the diffeomorphic deformation field of the whole organ (liver or lung) without intraoperative, iterative optimization computations. The respiratory motion model of the whole organ is established in Lie algebra space based on the kriging algorithm to ensure that the estimated deformation field is diffeomorphic, optimal, and unbiased. Preoperative prior knowledge for modeling the motion of whole organs is obtained by deformation registration between four-dimensional computed tomography (4D CT) images using a hybrid diffeomorphic registration method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Experimental results on an in vivo beagle dog show that the minimum value of the determinant of the Jacobian of the estimated deformation field is greater than zero, so the estimated deformation field of the whole liver with our method is diffeomorphic. The mean position error of the tumor is 1.2 mm corresponding to a mean accuracy improvement of 76.5%, and the mean position error of the whole liver is 2.1 mm, corresponding to a mean accuracy improvement of 37.9%. The experimental results based on public human subject data show that the mean position error of the tumor is 1.1 mm, corresponding to a mean accuracy improvement of 83.1%, and the mean position error of the whole lung is 2.1 mm, corresponding to a mean accuracy improvement of 41.4%. The positioning errors for the tumor and whole organ are hierarchical and consistent with clinical demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Lei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Baoliang Zhao
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,SIAT Branch, Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhongliang Jiang
- Computer Aided Medical Procedures, Technische Universität München, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | | | - Bing Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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20
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Young HM, Sun Park CK, Chau OW, Lee TY, Gaede S. Technical Note: Volumetric computed tomography for radiotherapy simulation and treatment planning. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2021; 22:295-302. [PMID: 34240548 PMCID: PMC8364284 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.13336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose For lung and liver tumors requiring radiotherapy, motion artifacts are common in 4D‐CT images due to the small axial field‐of‐view (aFOV) of conventional CT scanners. This may negatively impact contouring and dose calculation accuracy and could lead to a geographic miss during treatment. Recent advancements in volumetric CT (vCT) enable an aFOV up to 160 mm in a single rotation, which may reduce motion artifacts. However, the impact of large aFOV on CT number required for dose calculation needs to be evaluated before clinical implementation. The objective of this study was to determine the utility of a 256‐slice vCT scanner for 4D‐CT simulation by evaluating image quality and generating relative electron density (RED) curves. Methods Images were acquired on a 256‐slice GE Revolution CT scanner with 40 mm, 80 mm, 120 mm, 140 mm, and 160 mm aFOV. Image quality was assessed by evaluating CT number linearity, uniformity, noise, and low‐contrast resolution. The relationship between each quality metric and aFOV was assessed. Results CT number linearity, uniformity, noise, and low‐contrast resolution were within the expected range for each image set, except CT number in Teflon and Delrin, which were underestimated. Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ) showed that the CT number for Teflon (ρ = 1.0, p = 0.02), Delrin (ρ = 1.0, p = 0.02), and air (ρ = 1.0, p = 0.02) was significantly related to aFOV, while all other measurements were not. The measured deviations from expected values were not clinically significant. Conclusion These results suggest that vCT can be used for CT simulation for radiation treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M Young
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.,London Regional Cancer Program, London, Canada.,Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Claire Keun Sun Park
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.,Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Oi-Wai Chau
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.,London Regional Cancer Program, London, Canada
| | - Ting-Yim Lee
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.,Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
| | - Stewart Gaede
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.,London Regional Cancer Program, London, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
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21
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Ueda Y, Tsujii M, Ohira S, Sumida I, Miyazaki M, Teshima T. Residual Set Up Errors of the Surrogate-guided Registration Using Four-dimensional CT Images and Breath Holding Ones in Respiratory Gated Radiotherapy for Liver Cancer. In Vivo 2021; 35:2089-2098. [PMID: 34182484 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM To evaluate the surrogate-guided registration accuracy of two computed tomography (CT) image sets, expiratory phase four-dimensional (Ex4D) CT and breath-holding CT (BHCT), in respiratory-gated radiotherapy for liver cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The surrogate-guided registration errors were defined as the differences between the diaphragm- and fiducial-guided registrations or the differences between upper and lower fiducial registrations in three directions: left-right (LR), anterior-posterior (AP), and cranio-caudal (CC). RESULTS The mean±SDs of the absolute errors for diaphragm-guided registration were 1.9±1.3, 2.7±1.8, and 2.6±1.7 mm with Ex4D and 1.8±1.8, 2.6±1.9, and 1.8±1.7 mm with BHCT in the LR, AP and CC directions, respectively (CC direction, p<0.01). In the fiducial-guided registration, there were no significant differences in any direction. In registration with Ex4D, there were positive correlations between registration errors and the respiratory irregularity during 4D scanning (correlation coefficient; diaphragm: 0.65, fiducial: 0.54). CONCLUSION BHCT has the advantage of accurate surrogate-guided registration compared with Ex4D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Ueda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Mari Tsujii
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shingo Ohira
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Iori Sumida
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Miyazaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Teruki Teshima
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
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22
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Skouboe S, De Roover R, Gammelmark Muurholm C, Ravkilde T, Crijns W, Hansen R, Depuydt T, Poulsen PR. Six degrees of freedom dynamic motion-including dose reconstruction in a commercial treatment planning system. Med Phys 2021; 48:1427-1435. [PMID: 33415778 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Intrafractional motion during radiotherapy delivery can deteriorate the delivered dose. Dynamic rotational motion of up to 38 degrees has been reported during prostate cancer radiotherapy, but methods to determine the dosimetric consequences of such rotations are lacking. Here, we create and experimentally validate a dose reconstruction method that accounts for dynamic rotations and translations in a commercial treatment planning system (TPS). Interplay effects are quantified by comparing dose reconstructions with dynamic and constant rotations. METHODS The dose reconstruction accumulates the dose in points of interest while the points are moved in six degrees of freedom (6DoF) in a precalculated time-resolved four-dimensional (4D) dose matrix to emulate dynamic motion in a patient. The required 4D dose matrix was generated by splitting the original treatment plan into multiple sub-beams, each representing 0.4 s dose delivery, and recalculating the dose of the split plan in the TPS (Eclipse). The dose accumulation was performed via TPS scripting by querying the dose of each sub-beam in dynamically moving points, allowing dose reconstruction with any dynamic motion. The dose reconstruction was validated with film dosimetry for two prostate dual arc VMAT plans with intra-prostatic lesion boosts. The plans were delivered to a pelvis phantom with internal dynamic rotational motion of a film stack (21 films with 2.5 mm separation). Each plan was delivered without motion and with three prostate motion traces. Motion-including dose reconstruction was performed for each motion experiment using the actual dynamic rotation as well as a constant rotation equal to the mean rotation during the experiment. For each experiment, the 3%/2 mm γ failure rate of the TPS dose reconstruction was calculated with the film measurement being the reference. For each motion experiment, the motion-induced 3%/2 mm γ failure rate was calculated using the static delivery as the reference and compared between film measurements and TPS dose reconstruction. DVH metrics for RT structures fully contained in the film volume were also compared between film and TPS. RESULTS The mean γ failure rate of the TPS dose reconstructions when compared to film doses was 0.8% (two static experiments) and 1.7% (six dynamic experiments). The mean (range) of the motion-induced γ failure rate in film measurements was 35.4% (21.3-59.2%). The TPS dose reconstruction agreed with these experimental γ failure rates with root-mean-square errors of 2.1% (dynamic rotation dose reconstruction) and 17.1% (dose reconstruction assuming constant rotation). By DVH metrics, the mean (range) difference between dose reconstructions with dynamic and constant rotation was 4.3% (-0.3-10.6%) (urethra D 2 % ), -0.6% (-5.6%-2.5%) (urethra D 99 % ), 1.1% (-7.1-7.7%) (GTV D 2 % ), -1.4% (-17.4-7.1%) (GTV D 95 % ), -1.2% (-17.1-5.7%) (GTV D 99 % ), and -0.1% (-3.2-7.6%) (GTV mean dose). Dose reconstructions with dynamic motion revealed large interplay effects (cold and hot spots). CONCLUSIONS A method to perform dose reconstructions for dynamic 6DoF motion in a TPS was developed and experimentally validated. It revealed large differences in dose distribution between dynamic and constant rotations not identifiable through dose reconstructions with constant rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Skouboe
- Danish Center for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Robin De Roover
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Thomas Ravkilde
- Department of Medical Physics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Wouter Crijns
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rune Hansen
- Department of Medical Physics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tom Depuydt
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Per Rugaard Poulsen
- Danish Center for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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23
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Wang G, Li Z, Li G, Dai G, Xiao Q, Bai L, He Y, Liu Y, Bai S. Real-time liver tracking algorithm based on LSTM and SVR networks for use in surface-guided radiation therapy. Radiat Oncol 2021; 16:13. [PMID: 33446245 PMCID: PMC7807524 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-020-01729-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Surface-guided radiation therapy can be used to continuously monitor a patient’s surface motions during radiotherapy by a non-irradiating, noninvasive optical surface imaging technique. In this study, machine learning methods were applied to predict external respiratory motion signals and predict internal liver motion in this therapeutic context. Methods Seven groups of interrelated external/internal respiratory liver motion samples lasting from 5 to 6 min collected simultaneously were used as a dataset, Dv. Long short-term memory (LSTM) and support vector regression (SVR) networks were then used to establish external respiratory signal prediction models (LSTMpred/SVRpred) and external/internal respiratory motion correlation models (LSTMcorr/SVRcorr). These external prediction and external/internal correlation models were then combined into an integrated model. Finally, the LSTMcorr model was used to perform five groups of model updating experiments to confirm the necessity of continuously updating the external/internal correlation model. The root-mean-square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and maximum absolute error (MAX_AE) were used to evaluate the performance of each model. Results The models established using the LSTM neural network performed better than those established using the SVR network in the tasks of predicting external respiratory signals for latency-compensation (RMSE < 0.5 mm at a latency of 450 ms) and predicting internal liver motion using external signals (RMSE < 0.6 mm). The prediction errors of the integrated model (RMSE ≤ 1.0 mm) were slightly higher than those of the external prediction and external/internal correlation models. The RMSE/MAE of the fifth model update was approximately ten times smaller than that of the first model update. Conclusions The LSTM networks outperform SVR networks at predicting external respiratory signals and internal liver motion because of LSTM’s strong ability to deal with time-dependencies. The LSTM-based integrated model performs well at predicting liver motion from external respiratory signals with system latencies of up to 450 ms. It is necessary to update the external/internal correlation model continuously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhibin Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangjun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Guyu Dai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Long Bai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yisong He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaxin Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Sen Bai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Brunner TB, Haustermans K, Huguet F, Morganti AG, Mukherjee S, Belka C, Krempien R, Hawkins MA, Valentini V, Roeder F. ESTRO ACROP guidelines for target volume definition in pancreatic cancer. Radiother Oncol 2021; 154:60-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Naumann P, Batista V, Farnia B, Fischer J, Liermann J, Tonndorf-Martini E, Rhein B, Debus J. Feasibility of Optical Surface-Guidance for Position Verification and Monitoring of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy in Deep-Inspiration Breath-Hold. Front Oncol 2020; 10:573279. [PMID: 33102232 PMCID: PMC7546313 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.573279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reductions in tumor movement allow for more precise and accurate radiotherapy with decreased dose delivery to adjacent normal tissue that is crucial in stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) is an established approach to mitigate respiratory motion during radiotherapy. We assessed the feasibility of combining modern optical surface-guided radiotherapy (SGRT) and image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) to ensure and monitor reproducibility of DIBH and to ensure accurate tumor localization for SBRT as an imaging-guided precision medicine. Methods We defined a new workflow for delivering SBRT in DIBH for lung and liver tumors incorporating SGRT and IGRT with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) twice per treatment fraction. Daily position corrections were analyzed and for every patient two points retrospectively characterized: an anatomically stable landmark (predominately Schmorl's nodes or spinal enostosis) and a respiratory-dependent landmark (predominately surgical clips or branching vessel). The spatial distance of these points was compared for each CBCT and used as surrogate for intra- and interfractional variability. Differences between the lung and liver targets were assessed using the Welch t-test. Finally, the planning target volumes were compared to those of free-breathing plans, prepared as a precautionary measure in case of technical or patient-related problems with DIBH. Results Ten patients were treated with SBRT according this workflow (7 liver, 3 lung). Planning target volumes could be reduced significantly from an average of 148 ml in free breathing to 110 ml utilizing DIBH (p < 0.001, paired t-test). After SGRT-based patient set-up, subsequent IGRT in DIBH yielded significantly higher mean corrections for liver targets compared to lung targets (9 mm vs. 5 mm, p = 0.017). Analysis of spatial distance between the fixed and moveable landmarks confirmed higher interfractional variability (interquartile range (IQR) 6.8 mm) than intrafractional variability (IQR 2.8 mm). In contrast, lung target variability was low, indicating a better correlation of patients' surface to lung targets (intrafractional IQR 2.5 mm and interfractional IQR 1.7 mm). Conclusion SBRT in DIBH utilizing SGRT and IGRT is feasible and results in significantly lower irradiated volumes. Nevertheless, IGRT is of paramount importance given that interfractional variability was high, particularly for liver tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Naumann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vania Batista
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Farnia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Jann Fischer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jakob Liermann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eric Tonndorf-Martini
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rhein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Image-guided Radiotherapy to Manage Respiratory Motion: Lung and Liver. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2020; 32:792-804. [PMID: 33036840 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2020.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Organ motion as a result of respiratory and cardiac motion poses significant challenges for the accurate delivery of radiotherapy to both the thorax and the upper abdomen. Modern imaging techniques during radiotherapy simulation and delivery now permit better quantification of organ motion, which in turn reduces tumour and organ at risk position uncertainty. These imaging advances, coupled with respiratory correlated radiotherapy delivery techniques, have led to the development of a range of approaches to manage respiratory motion. This review summarises the key strategies of image-guided respiratory motion management with a focus on lung and liver radiotherapy.
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Stick LB, Vogelius IR, Risum S, Josipovic M. Intrafractional fiducial marker position variations in stereotactic liver radiotherapy during voluntary deep inspiration breath-hold. Br J Radiol 2020; 93:20200859. [PMID: 32915653 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20200859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate intrafractional fiducial marker position variations during stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in patients treated for liver metastases in visually guided, voluntary deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH). METHODS 10 patients with implanted fiducial markers were studied. Respiratory coaching with visual guidance was used to ensure comfortable voluntary breath-holds for SBRT imaging and delivery. Three DIBH CTs were acquired for treatment planning. Pre- and post-treatment CBCTs were acquired for each of the three treatment fractions. Per-fraction marker position was evaluated on planar 2D kV images acquired during treatment fractions for 4 of the 10 patients. RESULTS The median difference in marker position was 0.3 cm (range, 0.0-0.9 cm) between the three DIBH CTs and 0.3 cm (range, 0.1 to 1.4 cm) between pre- and post-treatment CBCTs. The maximum intrafractional variation in marker position in craniocaudal (CC) direction on planar kV images was 0.7 to 1.3 cm and up to 1.0 cm during a single DIBH. CONCLUSION Difference in marker position of up to 1.0 cm was observed during a single DIBH despite use of narrow external gating window and visual feedback. Stability examination on pre-treatment DIBH CTs was not sufficient to guarantee per-fraction stability. Evaluation of differences in marker position on pre- and post-treatment CBCT did not always reveal the full magnitude of the intrafractional variation. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE To increase treatment accuracy, it is necessary to apply real-time monitoring of the tumour or a reliable internal surrogate when delivering liver SBRT in voluntary DIBH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Bjerregaard Stick
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Niels Bohr Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivan Richter Vogelius
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Risum
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mirjana Josipovic
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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28
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Jupitz SA, Shepard AJ, Hill PM, Bednarz BP. Investigation of tumor and vessel motion correlation in the liver. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2020; 21:183-190. [PMID: 32533758 PMCID: PMC7484818 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrafraction imaging‐based motion management systems for external beam radiotherapy can rely on internal surrogate structures when the target is not easily visualized. This work evaluated the validity of using liver vessels as internal surrogates for the estimation of liver tumor motion. Vessel and tumor motion were assessed using ten two‐dimensional sagittal MR cine datasets collected on the ViewRay MRIdian. For each case, a liver tumor and at least one vessel were tracked for 175 s. A tracking approach utilizing block matching and multiple simultaneous templates was applied. Accuracy of the tracked motion was calculated from the error between the tracked centroid position and manually defined ground truth annotations. The patient’s abdomen surface and diaphragm were manually annotated in all frames. The Pearson correlation coefficient (CC) was used to compare the motion of the features and tumor in the anterior–posterior (AP) and superior–inferior (SI) directions. The distance between the centroids of the features and the tumors was calculated to assess if feature proximity affects relative correlation, and the tumor range of motion was determined. Intra‐ and interfraction motion amplitude variabilities were evaluated to further assess the relationship between tumor and feature motion. The mean CC between the motion of the vessel and the tumor were 0.85 ± 0.11 (AP) and 0.92 ± 0.04 (SI), 0.83 ± 0.11 (AP) and −0.89 ± 0.06 (SI) for the surface and tumor, and 0.80 ± 0.17 (AP) and 0.94 ± 0.03 (SI) for the diaphragm and tumor. For intrafraction analysis, the average amplitude variability was 2.47 ± 0.77 mm (AP) and 3.14 ± 1.49 mm (SI) for the vessels, 2.70 ± 1.08 mm (AP) and 3.43 ± 1.73 mm (SI) for the surface, and 2.76 ± 1.41 mm (AP) and 2.91 ± 1.38 mm (SI) for the diaphragm. No relationship between distance and motion correlation was observed. The motion of liver tumors and liver vessels was well correlated, making vessels a suitable surrogate for tumor motion in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney A Jupitz
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Andrew J Shepard
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Patrick M Hill
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bryan P Bednarz
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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29
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Ostyn M, Weiss E, Rosu-Bubulac M. Respiratory cycle characterization and optimization of amplitude-based gating parameters for prone and supine lung cancer patients. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2020; 6:035002. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ab779d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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30
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Chi Y, Shen C, Li B, Zhang Y, Yang M, Folkert M, Jia X. A method to reconstruct intra-fractional liver motion in rotational radiotherapy using linear fiducial markers. Phys Med Biol 2019; 64:225013. [PMID: 31593930 PMCID: PMC6986893 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab4c0d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Complex intra-fractional motion and deformation of the liver significantly impacts the accuracy of delivered dose in radiotherapy. It limits margin reduction, dose escalation and normal tissue sparing. A critical component of motion management is to accurately reconstruct tumor motion. In this study, we developed a six degrees of freedom projection marker matching method (6-DoF PM3) to reconstruct translational and rotational liver tumor motion in a rotational treatment delivery, such as volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). Specifically, we modeled the use of two gold markers implanted in a linear form. The four endpoints of the two gold linear markers were used as tracking surrogates. During delivery, kV x-ray projection images were acquired. A method was developed to automatically identify the 2D marker-endpoints on the projection images. 3D marker positions were determined by solving an optimization problem with the objective function penalizing the distance from the reconstructed 3D position of each fiducial marker endpoint to the corresponding straight line defined by the kV x-ray projection of the endpoints. We performed a series of tests to evaluate different components of the method. For 2D marker endpoints identification, 99.9% of the marker endpoints were identified with an error [Formula: see text] (1 pixel) along both u and v directions. For 3D reconstruction of motion in simulation studies, error of rotational angle was [Formula: see text]° without considering the 2D marker identification error. The rotational angle error was relatively sensitive to the accuracy of 2D marker identification. When the 2D error raised from 0.22 mm to 0.776 mm, the error of 3D rotational angle increased from 0.5° to 2.5°. In the experimental end-to-end tests, the mean root-mean square error of the 3D reconstructed marker positions was 0.75 mm and the mean error of rotational angle was within 1.7°. Our method can accurately determine intra-fractional liver tumor motion in rotational radiotherapy using kV projections of only two linear fiducial markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Chi
- Department of Physics, University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States of America
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31
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Li WZ, Liang ZW, Cao Y, Cao TT, Quan H, Yang ZY, Li Q, Dai ZT. Estimating intrafraction tumor motion during fiducial-based liver stereotactic radiotherapy via an iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm. Radiat Oncol 2019; 14:185. [PMID: 31665054 PMCID: PMC6820939 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-019-1401-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor motion may compromise the accuracy of liver stereotactic radiotherapy. In order to carry out a precise planning, estimating liver tumor motion during radiotherapy has received a lot of attention. Previous approach may have difficult to deal with image data corrupted by noise. The iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm is widely used for estimating the rigid registration of three-dimensional point sets when these data were dense or corrupted. In the light of this, our study estimated the three-dimensional (3D) rigid motion of liver tumors during stereotactic liver radiotherapy using reconstructed 3D coordinates of fiducials based on the ICP algorithm. METHODS Four hundred ninety-five pairs of orthogonal kilovoltage (KV) images from the CyberKnife stereo imaging system for 12 patients were used in this study. For each pair of images, the 3D coordinates of fiducial markers inside the liver were calculated via geometric derivations. The 3D coordinates were used to calculate the real-time translational and rotational motion of liver tumors around three axes via an ICP algorithm. The residual error was also investigated both with and without rotational correction. RESULTS The translational shifts of liver tumors in left-right (LR), anterior-posterior (AP),and superior-inferior (SI) directions were 2.92 ± 1.98 mm, 5.54 ± 3.12 mm, and 16.22 ± 5.86 mm, respectively; the rotational angles in left-right (LR), anterior-posterior (AP), and superior-inferior (SI) directions were 3.95° ± 3.08°, 4.93° ± 2.90°, and 4.09° ± 1.99°, respectively. Rotational correction decreased 3D fiducial displacement from 1.19 ± 0.35 mm to 0.65 ± 0.24 mm (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The maximum translational movement occurred in the SI direction. Rotational correction decreased fiducial displacements and increased tumor tracking accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Zhou Li
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Liang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yi Cao
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ting-Ting Cao
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hong Quan
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qin Li
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhi-Tao Dai
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430022, China. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Center, Shenzhen, 518100, China.
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32
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Morita R, Abo D, Sakuhara Y, Soyama T, Katoh N, Miyamoto N, Uchinami Y, Shimizu S, Shirato H, Kudo K. Percutaneous insertion of hepatic fiducial true-spherical markers for real-time adaptive radiotherapy. MINIM INVASIV THER 2019; 29:334-343. [DOI: 10.1080/13645706.2019.1663217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Morita
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Abo
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakuhara
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tonan Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Soyama
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Norio Katoh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
- Global Station for Quantum Medical Science and Engineering, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoki Miyamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuusuke Uchinami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Shimizu
- Global Station for Quantum Medical Science and Engineering, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shirato
- Global Station for Quantum Medical Science and Engineering, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Proton Beam Therapy Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Kudo
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
- Global Station for Quantum Medical Science and Engineering, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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33
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Bertholet J, Knopf A, Eiben B, McClelland J, Grimwood A, Harris E, Menten M, Poulsen P, Nguyen DT, Keall P, Oelfke U. Real-time intrafraction motion monitoring in external beam radiotherapy. Phys Med Biol 2019; 64:15TR01. [PMID: 31226704 PMCID: PMC7655120 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab2ba8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) aims to deliver a spatially conformal dose of radiation to tumours while maximizing the dose sparing to healthy tissues. However, the internal patient anatomy is constantly moving due to respiratory, cardiac, gastrointestinal and urinary activity. The long term goal of the RT community to 'see what we treat, as we treat' and to act on this information instantaneously has resulted in rapid technological innovation. Specialized treatment machines, such as robotic or gimbal-steered linear accelerators (linac) with in-room imaging suites, have been developed specifically for real-time treatment adaptation. Additional equipment, such as stereoscopic kilovoltage (kV) imaging, ultrasound transducers and electromagnetic transponders, has been developed for intrafraction motion monitoring on conventional linacs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been integrated with cobalt treatment units and more recently with linacs. In addition to hardware innovation, software development has played a substantial role in the development of motion monitoring methods based on respiratory motion surrogates and planar kV or Megavoltage (MV) imaging that is available on standard equipped linacs. In this paper, we review and compare the different intrafraction motion monitoring methods proposed in the literature and demonstrated in real-time on clinical data as well as their possible future developments. We then discuss general considerations on validation and quality assurance for clinical implementation. Besides photon RT, particle therapy is increasingly used to treat moving targets. However, transferring motion monitoring technologies from linacs to particle beam lines presents substantial challenges. Lessons learned from the implementation of real-time intrafraction monitoring for photon RT will be used as a basis to discuss the implementation of these methods for particle RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Bertholet
- Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS
Foundation Trust, London, United
Kingdom
- Author to whom any correspondence should be
addressed
| | - Antje Knopf
- Department of Radiation Oncology,
University Medical Center
Groningen, University of Groningen, The
Netherlands
| | - Björn Eiben
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical
Engineering, Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London,
United Kingdom
| | - Jamie McClelland
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical
Engineering, Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London,
United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Grimwood
- Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS
Foundation Trust, London, United
Kingdom
| | - Emma Harris
- Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS
Foundation Trust, London, United
Kingdom
| | - Martin Menten
- Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS
Foundation Trust, London, United
Kingdom
| | - Per Poulsen
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus,
Denmark
| | - Doan Trang Nguyen
- ACRF Image X Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney,
Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering,
University of Technology
Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul Keall
- ACRF Image X Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney,
Australia
| | - Uwe Oelfke
- Joint Department of Physics, Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS
Foundation Trust, London, United
Kingdom
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34
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Akino Y, Shiomi H, Sumida I, Isohashi F, Seo Y, Suzuki O, Tamari K, Otani K, Higashinaka N, Hayashida M, Mabuchi N, Ogawa K. Impacts of respiratory phase shifts on motion-tracking accuracy of the CyberKnife Synchrony™ Respiratory Tracking System. Med Phys 2019; 46:3757-3766. [PMID: 30943311 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The SynchronyTM Respiratory Tracking System (SRTS) component of the CyberKnife® Robotic Radiosurgery System (Accuray, Inc., Sunnyvale CA) enables real-time tracking of moving targets by modeling the correlation between the targets and external surrogate light-emitting diode (LED) markers placed on the patient's chest. Previous studies reported some cases with respiratory phase shifts between lung tumor and chest wall motions. In this study, the impacts of respiratory phase shifts on the motion-tracking accuracy of the SRTS were investigated. METHODS A plastic scintillator was used to detect the position of the x-ray beams. The scintillation light was recorded using a camera in a dark room. A moving phantom moved a U-shaped frame on the scintillator with a 4th power of sinusoidal functions. Three metallic markers for motion tracking and four fluorescent tapes were attached to the frame. The fluorescent tapes were used to identify phantom position and respiratory phase for each video frame. The beam positions collected, when considered relative to the phantom motion, represent the degree of tracking error. Beam position was calculated by adding error value to phantom position. Motions with respiratory phase shifts between the target and an extra stage mimicking chest wall motion were also tested for LED markers. Log files of the SRTS were analyzed to evaluate correlation errors. RESULTS When target and LED marker motions were synchronized with a respiratory cycle of 4 s, the maximum tracking errors for 90% and 95% of beam-on time were 1.0 mm and 1.2 mm, respectively. The frequency of tracking errors increased when LED marker motion phase preceded target motion. Tracking errors that corresponded to 90% beam-on time were within 2.4 mm for 5-15% of phase shifts. In contrast, the tracking errors were very large when the LED marker delayed to the target motions; the maximum errors of 90% beam-on time were 3.0, 3.8, and 7.5 mm for 5%, 10%, and 15% of phase shifts, respectively. The patterns of the tracking errors derived from the scintillation light were very similar to those of the correlation data of the SRTS derived from the log files, indicating that the tracking errors caused mainly due to the errors in modeling the correlation data. With long respiratory cycle of 6 s, the tracking errors were significantly decreased; the maximum tracking errors for 95% beam-on time were 1.6 mm and 2.2 mm for early and delayed LED motion. CONCLUSION We have investigated the motion-tracking accuracy of the CyberKnife SRTS for cases with the respiratory phase shift between the target and the LED marker. The maximum tracking errors for 90% probability were within 2.4 mm when the target delays to the LED markers. When LED marker delays, however, very large tracking errors were observed. With a long respiratory cycle, the tracking errors were greatly improved to less than 2.2 mm. Coaching slow breathing will be useful for accurate motion tracking radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Akino
- Oncology Center, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Soseikai CyberKnife Center, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8248, Japan
| | - Hiroya Shiomi
- Soseikai CyberKnife Center, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8248, Japan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Iori Sumida
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Isohashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Seo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Osamu Suzuki
- Department of Carbon Ion Radiotherapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tamari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keisuke Otani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | | | - Miori Hayashida
- Soseikai CyberKnife Center, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8248, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhiko Ogawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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35
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Zhang Y, Folkert MR, Huang X, Ren L, Meyer J, Tehrani JN, Reynolds R, Wang J. Enhancing liver tumor localization accuracy by prior-knowledge-guided motion modeling and a biomechanical model. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2019; 9:1337-1349. [PMID: 31448218 PMCID: PMC6685812 DOI: 10.21037/qims.2019.07.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-treatment liver tumor localization remains a challenging task for radiation therapy, mostly due to the limited tumor contrast against normal liver tissues, and the respiration-induced liver tumor motion. Recently, we developed a biomechanical modeling-based, deformation-driven cone-beam CT estimation technique (Bio-CBCT), which achieved substantially improved accuracy on low-contrast liver tumor localization. However, the accuracy of Bio-CBCT is still affected by the limited tissue contrast around the caudal liver boundary, which reduces the accuracy of the boundary condition that is fed into the biomechanical modeling process. In this study, we developed a motion modeling and biomechanical modeling-guided CBCT estimation technique (MM-Bio-CBCT), to further improve the liver tumor localization accuracy by incorporating a motion model into the CBCT estimation process. METHODS MM-Bio-CBCT estimates new CBCT images through deforming a prior high-quality CT or CBCT volume. The deformation vector field (DVF) is solved by iteratively matching the digitally-reconstructed-radiographs (DRRs) of the deformed prior image to the acquired 2D cone-beam projections. Using the same solved DVF, the liver tumor volume contoured on the prior image can be transferred onto the new CBCT image for automatic tumor localization. To maximize the accuracy of the solved DVF, MM-Bio-CBCT employs two strategies for additional DVF optimization: (I) prior-knowledge-guided liver boundary motion modeling with motion patterns extracted from a prior 4D imaging set like 4D-CTs/4D-CBCTs, to improve the liver boundary DVF accuracy; and (II) finite-element-analysis-based biomechanical modeling of the liver volume to improve the intra-liver DVF accuracy. We evaluated the accuracy of MM-Bio-CBCT on both the digital extended-cardiac-torso (XCAT) phantom images and real liver patient images. The liver tumor localization accuracy of MM-Bio-CBCT was evaluated and compared with that of the purely intensity-driven 2D-3D deformation technique, the 2D-3D deformation technique with motion modeling, and the Bio-CBCT technique. Metrics including the DICE coefficient and the center-of-mass-error (COME) were assessed for quantitative evaluation. RESULTS Using limited-view 20 projections for CBCT estimation, the average (± SD) DICE coefficients between the estimated and the 'gold-standard' liver tumors of the XCAT study were 0.57±0.31, 0.78±0.26, 0.83±0.21, and 0.89±0.11 for 2D-3D deformation, 2D-3D deformation with motion modeling, Bio-CBCT and MM-Bio-CBCT techniques, respectively. Using 20 projections for estimation, the patient study yielded average DICE results of 0.63±0.21, 0.73±0.13 and 0.78±0.12, and 0.83±0.09, correspondingly. The MM-Bio-CBCT localized the liver tumor to an average COME of ~2 mm for both the XCAT and the liver patient studies. CONCLUSIONS Compared to Bio-CBCT, MM-Bio-CBCT further improves the accuracy of liver tumor localization. MM-Bio-CBCT can potentially be used towards pre-treatment liver tumor localization and intra-treatment liver tumor location verification to achieve substantial radiotherapy margin reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Michael R. Folkert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xiaokun Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lei Ren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey Meyer
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Joubin Nasehi Tehrani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Robert Reynolds
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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36
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Schmid RK, Tai A, Klawikowski S, Straza M, Ramahi K, Li XA, Robbins JR. The Dosimetric Impact of Interfractional Organ-at-Risk Movement During Liver Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy. Pract Radiat Oncol 2019; 9:e549-e558. [PMID: 31176791 DOI: 10.1016/j.prro.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is an effective therapy for treating liver malignancies. However, little is known about interfractional dose variations to adjacent organs at risk (OARs). We examine the effects of interfractional organ movement and setup variation on dose delivered to OARs in patients receiving liver SBRT. METHODS AND MATERIALS Thirty patients treated with liver SBRT were analyzed. Daily image guidance with diagnostic quality computed tomography-on-rails imaging was performed before each fraction. In phase 1, these daily images were used to delineate all OARs including the liver, heart, right kidney, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, and large bowel in 10 patients. In phase 2, only OARS in close proximity to the target were contoured in 20 additional patients. Dose distribution on each daily computed tomography was generated, and daily doses to each OAR were recorded and compared with clinical thresholds to determine whether a daily dose excess (DDE) occurred. RESULTS In phase 1, significant interfractional dose differences between planned and delivered dose to OARs were observed, but differences were rarely clinically significant, with just 1 DDE. In phase 2, multiple DDEs were recorded for OARs close to the target, mainly involving the stomach, heart, and esophagus. Tumors in the hilum and liver segments I, IV, and VIII were the most common locations for DDEs. On root cause analysis, 3 etiologies of DDE emerged: craniocaudal shift (69.2%), anatomic changes (28.2%), and anteroposterior shifts (2.6%). CONCLUSIONS OARs close to liver lesions may receive higher doses than expected during SBRT owing to interfractional variations in OARs relative to the target. These differences in planned versus expected dose can lead to toxicity. Efforts to better evaluate OARs with daily image guidance may help reduce risks. Application of adaptive replanning and improved and real-time image guidance could mitigate risks of toxicity, and further study into their applications is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan K Schmid
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - An Tai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Slade Klawikowski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Michael Straza
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Khalid Ramahi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - X Allen Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Jared R Robbins
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.
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Courtier N, Gambling T, Barrett-Lee P, Oliver T, Mason MD. The volume of liver irradiated during modern free-breathing breast radiotherapy: Implications for theory and practice. Radiography (Lond) 2019; 25:103-107. [PMID: 30955681 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Incidental liver irradiation during breast radiotherapy can increase the risk of second primary malignancy and induce adverse inflammatory states. This study establishes the volume of liver irradiated during free-breathing breast radiotherapy. Novel associations between liver dose-volume data and systemic interleukin-6 soluble receptor and blood counts are evaluated. METHODS The volume of liver within the 10%, 50% and 90% isodose was determined for 100 women with stage 0 to II breast carcinoma undergoing 40Gy in 15 fractions over three weeks tangential irradiation. Blood counts and interleukin 6 soluble receptor concentration were recorded before, during and four weeks after radiotherapy. Dose-volume data for right-sided treatments was associated with longitudinal measures at bivariate and multivariable levels. RESULTS A maximum of 226cm3 (19%), 92 cm3 (8%) and 62 cm3 (5%) of the liver was irradiated within the 10%, 50% and 90% isodose. Liver irradiation was almost exclusively a feature of the 52 right-sided treatments and was strongly correlated with breast volume (ρ = 0.7, p < 0.0001). Liver V10% was significantly associated with interleukin-6 soluble receptor concentration four weeks post-radiotherapy (beta = 0.38, p = 0.01) after controlling for theoretical confounding variables. CONCLUSION Up to 8% of the liver is irradiated within the primary beam during local right-sided breast radiotherapy. Select use of a deep inspiration breath hold technique would reduce this volume, and minimise the risk of radiation-induced malignancy and acute systemic elevation of inflammatory interleukin 6 soluble receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Courtier
- Cardiff University School of Healthcare Sciences, Ty Dewi Sant, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF24 0AB, UK.
| | - T Gambling
- Cardiff University School of Healthcare Sciences, Ty Dewi Sant, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF24 0AB, UK.
| | - P Barrett-Lee
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Velindre Road, Cardiff, CF14 2TL, UK.
| | - T Oliver
- Rutherford Cancer Centres Celtic Springs, Spooner Close, Newport, NP10 8FZ, UK.
| | - M D Mason
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Velindre Road, Cardiff, CF14 2TL, UK; Cardiff University School of Medicine, UHW Main Building, Health Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
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Zhang Y, Folkert MR, Li B, Huang X, Meyer JJ, Chiu T, Lee P, Tehrani JN, Cai J, Parsons D, Jia X, Wang J. 4D liver tumor localization using cone-beam projections and a biomechanical model. Radiother Oncol 2018; 133:183-192. [PMID: 30448003 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2018.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To improve the accuracy of liver tumor localization, this study tests a biomechanical modeling-guided liver cone-beam CT (CBCT) estimation (Bio-CBCT-est) technique, which generates new CBCTs by deforming a prior high-quality CT or CBCT image using deformation vector fields (DVFs). The DVFs can be used to propagate tumor contours from the prior image to new CBCTs for automatic 4D tumor localization. METHODS/MATERIALS To solve the DVFs, the Bio-CBCT-est technique employs an iterative scheme that alternates between intensity-driven 2D-3D deformation and biomechanical modeling-guided DVF regularization and optimization. The 2D-3D deformation step solves DVFs by matching digitally reconstructed radiographs of the 3D deformed prior image to 2D phase-sorted on-board projections according to imaging intensities. This step's accuracy is limited at low-contrast intra-liver regions without sufficient intensity variations. To boost the DVF accuracy in these regions, we use the intensity-driven DVFs solved at higher-contrast liver boundaries to fine-tune the intra-liver DVFs by finite element analysis-based biomechanical modeling. We evaluated Bio-CBCT-est's accuracy with seven liver cancer patient cases. For each patient, we simulated 4D cone-beam projections from 4D-CT images, and used these projections for Bio-CBCT-est based image estimations. After Bio-CBCT-est, the DVF-propagated liver tumor/cyst contours were quantitatively compared with the manual contours on the original 4D-CT 'reference' images, using the DICE similarity index, the center-of-mass-error (COME), the Hausdorff distance (HD) and the voxel-wise cross-correlation (CC) metrics. In addition to simulation, we also performed a preliminary study to qualitatively evaluate the Bio-CBCT-est technique via clinically acquired cone beam projections. A quantitative study using an in-house deformable liver phantom was also performed. RESULTS Using 20 projections for image estimation, the average (±s.d.) DICE index increased from 0.48 ± 0.13 (by 2D-3D deformation) to 0.77 ± 0.08 (by Bio-CBCT-est), the average COME decreased from 7.7 ± 1.5 mm to 2.2 ± 1.2 mm, the average HD decreased from 10.6 ± 2.2 mm to 5.9 ± 2.0 mm, and the average CC increased from -0.004 ± 0.216 to 0.422 ± 0.206. The tumor/cyst trajectory solved by Bio-CBCT-est matched well with that manually obtained from 4D-CT reference images. CONCLUSIONS Bio-CBCT-est substantially improves the accuracy of 4D liver tumor localization via cone-beam projections and a biomechanical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA.
| | - Michael R Folkert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaokun Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Meyer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Tsuicheng Chiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Pam Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Joubin Nasehi Tehrani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, , USA
| | - David Parsons
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Xun Jia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
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Woolcot T, Kousi E, Wells E, Aitken K, Taylor H, Schmidt MA. An evaluation of systematic errors on marker-based registration of computed tomography and magnetic resonance images of the liver. PHYSICS & IMAGING IN RADIATION ONCOLOGY 2018; 7:27-31. [PMID: 33458402 PMCID: PMC7807725 DOI: 10.1016/j.phro.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrated a general method to evaluate systematic errors related to Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging sequences in marker-based co-registration of MR and Computed Tomography (CT) images, and investigated the effect of MR image quality in the co-registration process using clinical MR and CT protocols for stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) planning of the liver. Small systematic errors (under 1.6 mm) were detected, unlikely to be a clinical risk to liver SABR. The least favourable marker configuration was found to be a co-planar arrangement parallel to the transaxial image plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Woolcot
- Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Eastern Rd, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK
| | - Evanthia Kousi
- CR-UK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Cancer Research, Downs Rd, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5PT, UK
- Corresponding author at: The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust & Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5PT, UK.
| | - Emma Wells
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Katharine Aitken
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Helen Taylor
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Maria A. Schmidt
- CR-UK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Cancer Research, Downs Rd, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5PT, UK
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van de Lindt TN, Fast MF, van der Heide UA, Sonke JJ. Retrospective self-sorted 4D-MRI for the liver. Radiother Oncol 2018; 127:474-480. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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A Prospective Cohort Study of Gated Stereotactic Liver Radiation Therapy Using Continuous Internal Electromagnetic Motion Monitoring. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018; 101:366-375. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Tsai YL, Wu CJ, Shaw S, Yu PC, Nien HH, Lui LT. Quantitative analysis of respiration-induced motion of each liver segment with helical computed tomography and 4-dimensional computed tomography. Radiat Oncol 2018; 13:59. [PMID: 29609631 PMCID: PMC5879734 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-018-1007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To analyze the respiratory-induced motion of each liver segment using helical computed tomography (helical CT) and 4-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT), and to establish the individual segment expansion margin of internal target volume (ITV) to facilitate target delineation of tumors in different liver segments. Methods Twenty patients who received radiotherapy with CT-simulation scanning of the whole liver in both helical CT and 10-phase-gated 4DCT were investigated, including 2 patients with esophagus cancer, 4 with lung cancer, 10 with breast cancer, 2 with liver cancer, 1 with thymoma, and 1 with gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). For each patient, 9 representative points were drawn on the helical CT images of liver segments 1, 2, 3, 4a, 4b, 5, 6, 7, and 8, respectively, and adaptively deformed to 2 phases of the 4DCT images at the end of inspiration (phase 0 CT) and expiration (phase 50 CT) in the treatment planning system. Using the amplitude of each point between phase 0 CT and phase 50 CT, we established quantitative data for the respiration-induced motion of each liver segment in 3-dimensional directions. Moreover, using the amplitude between the original helical CT and both 4DCT images, we rendered the individual segment expansion margin of ITV for hepatic target delineation to cover more than 95% of each tumor. Results The average amplitude (mean ± standard deviation) was 0.6 ± 3.0 mm in the left-right (LR) direction, 2.3 ± 2.4 mm in the anterior-posterior (AP) direction, and 5.7 ± 3.4 mm in the superior-inferior (SI) direction, respectively. All of the segments moved posteriorly and superiorly during expiration. Segment 7 had the largest amplitude in the SI direction, at 8.6 ± 3.4 mm. Otherwise, the segments over the lateral side, including segments 2, 3, 6, and 7, had greater excursion in the SI direction compared to the medial segments. To cover more than 95% of each tumor, the required expansion margin of ITV in the LR, AP, and SI directions were at least 2.5 mm, 2.5 mm, and 5.0 mm on average, respectively, with variations between different segments. Conclusions The greatest excursion occurred in liver segment 7, followed by the segments over the lateral side in the SI direction. The individual segment expansion margin of ITV is required to delineate targets for each segment and direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lun Tsai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Jung Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Suzun Shaw
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chieh Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hua Nien
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Louis Tak Lui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Nguyen DT, Bertholet J, Kim JH, O'Brien R, Booth JT, Poulsen PR, Keall PJ. An interdimensional correlation framework for real-time estimation of six degree of freedom target motion using a single x-ray imager during radiotherapy. Phys Med Biol 2017; 63:015010. [PMID: 29106377 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aa986f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that intrafraction tumour motion monitoring needs to include both 3D translations and 3D rotations. Presently, methods to estimate the rotation motion require the 3D translation of the target to be known first. However, ideally, translation and rotation should be estimated concurrently. We present the first method to directly estimate six-degree-of-freedom (6DoF) motion from the target's projection on a single rotating x-ray imager in real-time. This novel method is based on the linear correlations between the superior-inferior translations and the motion in the other five degrees-of-freedom. The accuracy of the method was evaluated in silico with 81 liver tumour motion traces from 19 patients with three implanted markers. The ground-truth motion was estimated using the current gold standard method where each marker's 3D position was first estimated using a Gaussian probability method, and the 6DoF motion was then estimated from the 3D positions using an iterative method. The 3D position of each marker was projected onto a gantry-mounted imager with an imaging rate of 11 Hz. After an initial 110° gantry rotation (200 images), a correlation model between the superior-inferior translations and the five other DoFs was built using a least square method. The correlation model was then updated after each subsequent frame to estimate 6DoF motion in real-time. The proposed algorithm had an accuracy (±precision) of -0.03 ± 0.32 mm, -0.01 ± 0.13 mm and 0.03 ± 0.52 mm for translations in the left-right (LR), superior-inferior (SI) and anterior-posterior (AP) directions respectively; and, 0.07 ± 1.18°, 0.07 ± 1.00° and 0.06 ± 1.32° for rotations around the LR, SI and AP axes respectively on the dataset. The first method to directly estimate real-time 6DoF target motion from segmented marker positions on a 2D imager was devised. The algorithm was evaluated using 81 motion traces from 19 liver patients and was found to have sub-mm and sub-degree accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Nguyen
- Radiation Physics Laboratory, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Paulsson AK, Yom SS, Anwar M, Pinnaduwage D, Sudhyadhom A, Gottschalk AR, Chang AJ, Descovich M. Respiration-Induced Intraorgan Deformation of the Liver: Implications for Treatment Planning in Patients Treated With Fiducial Tracking. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2017; 16:776-782. [PMID: 28071340 PMCID: PMC5762032 DOI: 10.1177/1533034616687193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereotactic body radiation therapy is a well-tolerated modality for the treatment of primary and metastatic liver lesions, and fiducials are often used as surrogates for tumor tracking during treatment. We evaluated respiratory-induced liver deformation by measuring the rigidity of the fiducial configuration during the breathing cycle. Seventeen patients, with 18 distinct treatment courses, were treated with stereotactic body radiosurgery using multiple fiducials. Liver deformation was empirically quantified by measuring the intrafiducial distances at different phases of respiration. Data points were collected at the 0%, 50%, and 100% inspiration points, and the distance between each pair of fiducials was measured at the 3 phases. The rigid body error was calculated as the maximum difference in the intrafiducial distances. Liver disease was calculated with Child-Pugh score using laboratory values within 3 months of initiation of treatment. A peripheral fiducial was defined as within 1.5 cm of the liver edge, and all other fiducials were classified as central. For 5 patients with only peripheral fiducials, the fiducial configuration had more deformation (average maximum rigid body error 7.11 mm, range: 1.89-11.35 mm) when compared to patients with both central and peripheral and central fiducials only (average maximum rigid body error 3.36 mm, range: 0.5-9.09 mm, P = .037). The largest rigid body errors (11.3 and 10.6 mm) were in 2 patients with Child-Pugh class A liver disease and multiple peripheral fiducials. The liver experiences internal deformation, and the fiducial configuration should not be assumed to act as a static structure. We observed greater deformation at the periphery than at the center of the liver. In our small data set, we were not able to identify cirrhosis, which is associated with greater rigidity of the liver, as predictive for deformation. Treatment planning based only on fiducial localization must take potential intraorgan deformation into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K. Paulsson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sue S. Yom
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mekhail Anwar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dilini Pinnaduwage
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Atchar Sudhyadhom
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alexander R. Gottschalk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Albert J. Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Martina Descovich
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Yoganathan SA, Maria Das KJ, Agarwal A, Kumar S. Magnitude, Impact, and Management of Respiration-induced Target Motion in Radiotherapy Treatment: A Comprehensive Review. J Med Phys 2017; 42:101-115. [PMID: 28974854 PMCID: PMC5618455 DOI: 10.4103/jmp.jmp_22_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors in thoracic and upper abdomen regions such as lungs, liver, pancreas, esophagus, and breast move due to respiration. Respiration-induced motion introduces uncertainties in radiotherapy treatments of these sites and is regarded as a significant bottleneck in achieving highly conformal dose distributions. Recent developments in radiation therapy have resulted in (i) motion-encompassing, (ii) respiratory gating, and (iii) tracking methods for adapting the radiation beam aperture to account for the respiration-induced target motion. The purpose of this review is to discuss the magnitude, impact, and management of respiration-induced tumor motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Yoganathan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K. J. Maria Das
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arpita Agarwal
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shaleen Kumar
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Bertholet J, Worm E, Høyer M, Poulsen P. Cone beam CT-based set-up strategies with and without rotational correction for stereotactic body radiation therapy in the liver. Acta Oncol 2017; 56:860-866. [PMID: 28464747 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2017.1288925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate patient positioning is crucial in stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) due to a high dose regimen. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is often used for patient positioning based on radio-opaque markers. We compared six CBCT-based set-up strategies with or without rotational correction. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-nine patients with three implanted markers received 3-6 fraction liver SBRT. The markers were delineated on the mid-ventilation phase of a 4D-planning-CT. One pretreatment CBCT was acquired per fraction. Set-up strategy 1 used only translational correction based on manual marker match between the CBCT and planning CT. Set-up strategy 2 used automatic 6 degrees-of-freedom registration of the vertebrae closest to the target. The 3D marker trajectories were also extracted from the projections and the mean position of each marker was calculated and used for set-up strategies 3-6. Translational correction only was used for strategy 3. Translational and rotational corrections were used for strategies 4-6 with the rotation being either vertebrae based (strategy 4), or marker based and constrained to ±3° (strategy 5) or unconstrained (strategy 6). The resulting set-up error was calculated as the 3D root-mean-square set-up error of the three markers. The set-up error of the spinal cord was calculated for all strategies. RESULTS The bony anatomy set-up (2) had the largest set-up error (5.8 mm). The marker-based set-up with unconstrained rotations (6) had the smallest set-up error (0.8 mm) but the largest spinal cord set-up error (12.1 mm). The marker-based set-up with translational correction only (3) or with bony anatomy rotational correction (4) had equivalent set-up error (1.3 mm) but rotational correction reduced the spinal cord set-up error from 4.1 mm to 3.5 mm. CONCLUSIONS Marker-based set-up was substantially better than bony-anatomy set-up. Rotational correction may improve the set-up, but further investigations are required to determine the optimal correction strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Bertholet
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Esben Worm
- Department of Medical Physics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten Høyer
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Center for Particle Therapy, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Per Poulsen
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Shimohigashi Y, Toya R, Saito T, Ikeda O, Maruyama M, Yonemura K, Nakaguchi Y, Kai Y, Yamashita Y, Oya N, Araki F. Tumor motion changes in stereotactic body radiotherapy for liver tumors: an evaluation based on four-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography and fiducial markers. Radiat Oncol 2017; 12:61. [PMID: 28335794 PMCID: PMC5364670 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-017-0799-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background For stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) of liver tumors, tumor motion induced by respiration must be taken into account in planning and treatment. We evaluated whether liver tumor motion at the planning simulation represents liver tumor motion during SBRT, and estimated inter- and intrafractional tumor motion changes in patients undergoing liver SBRT. Methods Ten patients underwent four-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography (4D-CBCT) image-guided liver SBRT with abdominal compression (AC) and fiducial markers. 4D-CBCT was performed to evaluate liver tumor motion at the planning simulation, pre-, and post-SBRT. The translational distances at the center position of the fiducial markers from all 10 phases on the 4D-CBCT images were measured as the extent of the liver tumor motion in the left-right (LR), anterior-posterior (AP), and superior-inferior (SI) directions. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to evaluate the correlation between liver tumor motion of the planning simulation and the mean liver tumor motion of the pre-SBRT. Inter- and intrafractional liver tumor motion changes were measured based on the 4D-CBCT of planning simulation, pre-, and post-SBRT. Significant inter- and intrafractional changes in liver tumor motion were defined as a change of >3 mm. Results The mean (± SD) liver tumor motion of the planning simulation 4D-CBCT was 1.7 ± 0.8 mm, 2.4 ± 2.2 mm, and 5.3 ± 3.3 mm, in the LR, AP, and SI directions, respectively. Those of the pre-SBRT 4D-CBCT were 1.2 ± 0.7 mm, 2.3 ± 2.3 mm, and 4.5 ± 3.8 mm, in the LR, AP, and SI directions, respectively. There was a strong significant correlation between liver tumor motion of the planning simulation and pre-SBRT in the LR (R = 0.7, P < 0.01), AP (R = 0.9, P < 0.01), and SI (R = 0.9, P < 0.01) directions. Significant inter- and intrafractional liver tumor motion changes occurred in 10 and 2% of treatment fractions, respectively. Conclusions Liver tumor motion at the planning simulation represents liver tumor motion during SBRT. Inter- and intrafractional liver tumor motion changes were small in patients with AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinobu Shimohigashi
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan. .,Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kumamoto University, 4-24-1 Kuhonji, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0976, Japan.
| | - Ryo Toya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Saito
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Ikeda
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masato Maruyama
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yonemura
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakaguchi
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yudai Kai
- Department of Radiological Technology, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Yamashita
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Natsuo Oya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Fujio Araki
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Chung H, Poulsen PR, Keall PJ, Cho S, Cho B. Reconstruction of implanted marker trajectories from cone-beam CT projection images using interdimensional correlation modeling. Med Phys 2017; 43:4643. [PMID: 27487881 DOI: 10.1118/1.4958678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cone-beam CT (CBCT) is a widely used imaging modality for image-guided radiotherapy. Most vendors provide CBCT systems that are mounted on a linac gantry. Thus, CBCT can be used to estimate the actual 3-dimensional (3D) position of moving respiratory targets in the thoracic/abdominal region using 2D projection images. The authors have developed a method for estimating the 3D trajectory of respiratory-induced target motion from CBCT projection images using interdimensional correlation modeling. METHODS Because the superior-inferior (SI) motion of a target can be easily analyzed on projection images of a gantry-mounted CBCT system, the authors investigated the interdimensional correlation of the SI motion with left-right and anterior-posterior (AP) movements while the gantry is rotating. A simple linear model and a state-augmented model were implemented and applied to the interdimensional correlation analysis, and their performance was compared. The parameters of the interdimensional correlation models were determined by least-square estimation of the 2D error between the actual and estimated projected target position. The method was validated using 160 3D tumor trajectories from 46 thoracic/abdominal cancer patients obtained during CyberKnife treatment. The authors' simulations assumed two application scenarios: (1) retrospective estimation for the purpose of moving tumor setup used just after volumetric matching with CBCT; and (2) on-the-fly estimation for the purpose of real-time target position estimation during gating or tracking delivery, either for full-rotation volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in 60 s or a stationary six-field intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with a beam delivery time of 20 s. RESULTS For the retrospective CBCT simulations, the mean 3D root-mean-square error (RMSE) for all 4893 trajectory segments was 0.41 mm (simple linear model) and 0.35 mm (state-augmented model). In the on-the-fly simulations, prior projections over more than 60° appear to be necessary for reliable estimations. The mean 3D RMSE during beam delivery after the simple linear model had established with a prior 90° projection data was 0.42 mm for VMAT and 0.45 mm for IMRT. CONCLUSIONS The proposed method does not require any internal/external correlation or statistical modeling to estimate the target trajectory and can be used for both retrospective image-guided radiotherapy with CBCT projection images and real-time target position monitoring for respiratory gating or tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyekyun Chung
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea and Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, South Korea
| | - Per Rugaard Poulsen
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Paul J Keall
- Radiation Physics Laboratory, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Seungryong Cho
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Byungchul Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, South Korea
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Jia X, Tian Z, Xi Y, Jiang SB, Wang G. New concept on an integrated interior magnetic resonance imaging and medical linear accelerator system for radiation therapy. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2017; 4:015004. [PMID: 28331888 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.4.1.015004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Image guidance plays a critical role in radiotherapy. Currently, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is routinely used in clinics for this purpose. While this modality can provide an attenuation image for therapeutic planning, low soft-tissue contrast affects the delineation of anatomical and pathological features. Efforts have recently been devoted to several MRI linear accelerator (LINAC) projects that lead to the successful combination of a full diagnostic MRI scanner with a radiotherapy machine. We present a new concept for the development of the MRI-LINAC system. Instead of combining a full MRI scanner with the LINAC platform, we propose using an interior MRI (iMRI) approach to image a specific region of interest (RoI) containing the radiation treatment target. While the conventional CBCT component still delivers a global image of the patient's anatomy, the iMRI offers local imaging of high soft-tissue contrast for tumor delineation. We describe a top-level system design for the integration of an iMRI component into an existing LINAC platform. We performed numerical analyses of the magnetic field for the iMRI to show potentially acceptable field properties in a spherical RoI with a diameter of 15 cm. This field could be shielded to a sufficiently low level around the LINAC region to avoid electromagnetic interference. Furthermore, we investigate the dosimetric impacts of this integration on the radiotherapy beam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Jia
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Zhen Tian
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Yan Xi
- Biomedical Imaging Center , Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States
| | - Steve B Jiang
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Department of Radiation Oncology, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Ge Wang
- Biomedical Imaging Center , Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States
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Kaderka R, Paravati AJ, Sarkar R, Tran J, Fero KE, Panjwani N, Simpson D, Murphy JD, Atwood TF. Correlation of liver and pancreas tumor motion with normal anatomical structures determined with deformable image registration. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aa54d0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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