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Zheng J, Cheng Y, Wu X, Li X, Fu Y, Yang Z. Rich-club organization of whole-brain spatio-temporal multilayer functional connectivity networks. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1405734. [PMID: 38855440 PMCID: PMC11157044 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1405734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective In this work, we propose a novel method for constructing whole-brain spatio-temporal multilayer functional connectivity networks (FCNs) and four innovative rich-club metrics. Methods Spatio-temporal multilayer FCNs achieve a high-order representation of the spatio-temporal dynamic characteristics of brain networks by combining the sliding time window method with graph theory and hypergraph theory. The four proposed rich-club scales are based on the dynamic changes in rich-club node identity, providing a parameterized description of the topological dynamic characteristics of brain networks from both temporal and spatial perspectives. The proposed method was validated in three independent differential analysis experiments: male-female gender difference analysis, analysis of abnormality in patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and individual difference analysis. Results The proposed method yielded results consistent with previous relevant studies and revealed some innovative findings. For instance, the dynamic topological characteristics of specific white matter regions effectively reflected individual differences. The increased abnormality in internal functional connectivity within the basal ganglia may be a contributing factor to the occurrence of repetitive or restrictive behaviors in ASD patients. Conclusion The proposed methodology provides an efficacious approach for constructing whole-brain spatio-temporal multilayer FCNs and conducting analysis of their dynamic topological structures. The dynamic topological characteristics of spatio-temporal multilayer FCNs may offer new insights into physiological variations and pathological abnormalities in neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Zheng
- College of Electronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuhao Cheng
- Huaxi Molecular Imaging Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Wu
- Department of Computer Science, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of Computer Science, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Computer Science, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhipeng Yang
- College of Electronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, China
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Aloufi N, Heinrich A, Marshall K, Kluk K. Sex differences and the effect of female sex hormones on auditory function: a systematic review. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1077409. [PMID: 37151900 PMCID: PMC10161575 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1077409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims First, to discuss sex differences in auditory function between women and men, and whether cyclic fluctuations in levels of female sex hormones (i.e., estradiol and progesterone) affect auditory function in pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women. Second, to systematically review the literature concerning the discussed patterns in order to give an overview of the methodologies used in research. Last, to identify the gap in knowledge and to make recommendations for future work. Methods for the systematic review Population, Exposure, Control, Outcome and Study design (PECOS) criteria were used in developing the review questions. The review protocol follows the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and was pre-registered in the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42020201480). Data Sources: EMBASE, PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycINFO, ComDisDome, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) via Cochrane Library, and scanning reference lists of relevant studies, and internet resources (i.e., Mendeley) were used. Only studies published between 1999 and 2022, in English, or in English translation, were included. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results Sex differences: Women had more sensitive hearing (measured at the level of peripheral and central auditory system) than men. Cyclic fluctuations: Auditory function in women fluctuated during the menstrual cycle, while no such fluctuations in men over the same time period were reported. Hearing sensitivity improved in women during the late follicular phase, and decrease during the luteal phase, implying an effect of female sex hormones, although the specific effects of estradiol and progesterone fluctuations on the central auditory system remain unclear. Hearing sensitivity in women declined rapidly at the onset of menopause. Conclusion The review has shown the following. Consistent sex differences exist in auditory function across the auditory pathway with pre-menopausal women often showing better function than age-matched men. Moreover, pre-menopausal women show fluctuations in hearing function across the menstrual cycle with a better function during the peak of estradiol or when the ratio of estradiol to progesterone is high. Third, menopause marks the onset of hearing loss in women, characterized by a rapid decline in hearing sensitivity and a more pronounced loss than in age-matched men. Finally, the systematic review highlights the need for well-designed and -controlled studies to evaluate the influence of estradiol and progesterone on hearing by consistently including control groups (e.g., age-matched man), using objective tests to measure hormonal levels (e.g., in saliva or blood), and by testing participants at different points across the menstrual cycle. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020201480, identifier CRD42020201480.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Aloufi
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- College of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Antje Heinrich
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kay Marshall
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, School of Health Sciences, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Karolina Kluk
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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3
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Bonczarowska JH, Kranioti EF. Human bony labyrinth as a sex indicator in subadults. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2023; 63:102259. [PMID: 37094514 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2023.102259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Due to the durability and good preservation of the petrous bone in archaeological and forensic contexts, the value of the inner ear as a sex indicator has been evaluated in various studies. Previous findings suggest that the morphology of the bony labyrinth is not stable in the postnatal period. In this study, we aim to assess the sexual dimorphism of the bony labyrinth via analysis of computed tomography (CT) data obtained from 170 subadults (birth to 20 y.o.) and test whether the postnatal changes of the bony labyrinth affect the level of dimorphism in the inner ear. A set of 10 linear measurements of 3D labyrinth models as well as 10 size and shape indices were analyzed. Sexually dimorphic variables were used to produce sex estimation formulae with discriminant function analysis. The produced formulae allowed for the correct classification of up to 75.3 % of individuals aged from birth to 15 years old. Sexual dimorphism was not significant for individuals between 16 and 20 years of age. This study suggests that the morphology of the subadult bony labyrinth exhibits significant sexual dimorphism in individuals under 16 years of age, which can aid the forensic identification process. Although postnatal growth of the temporal bone seems to affect the level of sexual dimorphism present in the inner ear, the formulae created in this study could be used as an additional tool for sex estimation of subadult (<16 y.o.) remains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna H Bonczarowska
- Edinburgh Unit For Forensic Anthropology, School of History, Classics and Archaeology, University of Edinburgh, 4 Teviot Place EH8 9AG, United Kingdom.
| | - Elena F Kranioti
- Edinburgh Unit For Forensic Anthropology, School of History, Classics and Archaeology, University of Edinburgh, 4 Teviot Place EH8 9AG, United Kingdom; Forensic Medicine Unit, Department of Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, 700 13 Heraklion, Greece
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4
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Tan SL, Chen YF, Liu CY, Chu KC, Li PC. Shortened neural conduction time in young adults with tinnitus as revealed by chirp-evoked auditory brainstem response. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 153:2178. [PMID: 37092912 DOI: 10.1121/10.0017789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tinnitus is generally considered to be caused by neuroplastic changes in the central nervous system, triggered by a loss of input from the damaged peripheral system; however, conflicting results on auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) to clicks have been reported previously in humans with tinnitus. This study aimed to compare the effect of tinnitus on ABRs to chirps with those to clicks in normal-hearing young adults with tinnitus. The results showed that the tinnitus group had no significantly poorer hearing thresholds (0.25-16 kHz), click-evoked otoacoustic emissions (1-16 kHz), and speech perception in noise (SPIN) than the control group. Although chirps evoked significantly larger wave I and V amplitudes than clicks, people with tinnitus had no significantly smaller wave I amplitudes for either stimulus. Nevertheless, adults with tinnitus exhibited significantly smaller interpeak interval (IPI) between waves I and V for chirps (IPI-chirp) but not for clicks. In addition, the IPI-chirp correlated significantly with the SPIN for individuals with tinnitus when the signal-to-noise ratio was low. The present results suggest that the chirp-evoked ABR may be a valuable clinical tool for objectively assessing the SPIN in individuals with tinnitus. Further studies should be conducted to investigate possible etiologies of tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- See Ling Tan
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Number 365, Mingde Road, Beitou District, Taipei City 112303, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fu Chen
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Number 365, Mingde Road, Beitou District, Taipei City 112303, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Yu Liu
- Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Number 365, Mingde Road, Beitou District, Taipei City 112303, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chung Chu
- Department of Information Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Number 365, Mingde Road, Beitou District, Taipei City 112303, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Li
- Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, MacKay Medical College, Number 46, Section 3, Zhongzheng Road, Sanzhi District, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
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de Boer J, Hardy A, Krumbholz K. Could Tailored Chirp Stimuli Benefit Measurement of the Supra-threshold Auditory Brainstem Wave-I Response? J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2022; 23:787-802. [PMID: 35984541 PMCID: PMC9789297 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-022-00848-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) to broadband clicks are strongly affected by dyssynchrony, or "latency dispersion", of their frequency-specific cochlear contributions. Optimized chirp stimuli, designed to compensate for cochlear dispersion, can afford substantial increase in broadband ABR amplitudes, particularly for the prominent wave-V deflection. Reports on the smaller wave I, however, which may be useful for measuring cochlear synaptopathy, have been mixed. This study aimed to test previous claims that ABR latency dispersion differs between waves I and V, and between males and females, and thus that using wave- and/or sex-tailored chirps may provide more reliable wave-I benefit. Using the derived-band technique, we measured responses from frequency-restricted (one-octave-wide) cochlear regions to energy-matched click and chirp stimuli. The derived-band responses' latencies were used to assess any wave- and/or sex-related dispersion differences across bands, and their amplitudes, to evaluate any within-band dispersion differences. Our results suggest that sex-related dispersion difference within the lowest-frequency cochlear regions (< 1 kHz), where dispersion is generally greatest, may be a predominant driver of the often-reported sex difference in broadband ABR amplitude. At the same time, they showed no systematic dispersion difference between waves I and V. Instead, they suggest that reduced chirp benefit on wave I may arise as a result of chirp-induced desynchronization of on- and off-frequency responses generated at the same cochlear places, and resultant reduction in response contributions from higher-frequency cochlear regions, to which wave I is thought to be particularly sensitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica de Boer
- Hearing Sciences, School of Medicine, Mental Health & Clinical Neurosciences, University of Nottingham, Science Road, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
- Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queens Medical Centre, Hearing Theme, Nottingham, NG7 2UH UK
| | - Alexander Hardy
- Hearing Sciences, School of Medicine, Mental Health & Clinical Neurosciences, University of Nottingham, Science Road, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
| | - Katrin Krumbholz
- Hearing Sciences, School of Medicine, Mental Health & Clinical Neurosciences, University of Nottingham, Science Road, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
- Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queens Medical Centre, Hearing Theme, Nottingham, NG7 2UH UK
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Stahl AN, Mondul JA, Alek KA, Hackett TA, Ramachandran R. Audiologic characterization using clinical physiological measures: Normative data from macaque monkeys. Hear Res 2022; 424:108568. [PMID: 35896044 PMCID: PMC9529828 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Clinical auditory physiological measures (e.g., auditory brainstem responses, ABRs, and distortion product otoacoustic emissions, DPOAEs) provide diagnostic specificity for differentially diagnosing overt hearing impairments, but they remain limited in their ability to detect specific sites of lesion and subtle levels of cochlear damage. Studies in animal models may hold the key to improve differential diagnosis due to the ability to induce tightly controlled and histologically verifiable subclinical cochlear pathologies. Here, we present a normative set of traditional and clinically novel physiological measures using ABRs and DPOAEs measured in a large cohort of male macaque monkeys. Given the high similarities between macaque and human auditory anatomy, physiology, and susceptibility to hearing damage, this normative data set will serve as a crucial baseline to investigate novel physiological measures to improve diagnostics. DPOAE amplitudes were robust at f2 = 1.22, L1/L2 = 65/55, increased with frequency up to 10 kHz, and exhibited high test re-test reliability. DPOAE thresholds were lowest from 2-10 kHz and highest < 2 kHz. ABRs with a standard clinical electrode montage (vertex-to-mastoid, VM) produced Waves I-IV with a less frequently observed Wave-I, and lower thresholds. ABRs with a vertex-to-tympanic membrane (VT) electrode montage produced a more robust Wave-I, but absent Waves II-IV and higher thresholds. Further study with the VM montage revealed amplitudes that increased with stimulus level and were largest in response to click stimuli, with Wave-II showing the largest ABR amplitude, followed by -IV and -I, with high inter- and intra-subject variability. ABR wave latencies decreased with stimulus level and frequency. When stimulus presentation rate increased or stimuli were presented in close temporal proximity, ABR amplitude decreased, and latency increased. These findings expand upon existing literature of normative clinical physiological data in nonhuman primates and lay the groundwork for future studies investigating the effects of noise-induced pathologies in macaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy N Stahl
- Vanderbilt Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212; Vanderbilt Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212.
| | - Jane A Mondul
- Vanderbilt Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37212; Vanderbilt Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212.
| | - Katy A Alek
- Vanderbilt Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212.
| | - Troy A Hackett
- Vanderbilt Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212.
| | - Ramnarayan Ramachandran
- Vanderbilt Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212.
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7
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Sex differences in cognitive processing: An integrative review of electrophysiological findings. Biol Psychol 2022; 172:108370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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8
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Shehabi AM, Prendergast G, Plack CJ. The Relative and Combined Effects of Noise Exposure and Aging on Auditory Peripheral Neural Deafferentation: A Narrative Review. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:877588. [PMID: 35813954 PMCID: PMC9260498 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.877588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal studies have shown that noise exposure and aging cause a reduction in the number of synapses between low and medium spontaneous rate auditory nerve fibers and inner hair cells before outer hair cell deterioration. This noise-induced and age-related cochlear synaptopathy (CS) is hypothesized to compromise speech recognition at moderate-to-high suprathreshold levels in humans. This paper evaluates the evidence on the relative and combined effects of noise exposure and aging on CS, in both animals and humans, using histopathological and proxy measures. In animal studies, noise exposure seems to result in a higher proportion of CS (up to 70% synapse loss) compared to aging (up to 48% synapse loss). Following noise exposure, older animals, depending on their species, seem to either exhibit significant or little further synapse loss compared to their younger counterparts. In humans, temporal bone studies suggest a possible age- and noise-related auditory nerve fiber loss. Based on the animal data obtained from different species, we predict that noise exposure may accelerate age-related CS to at least some extent in humans. In animals, noise-induced and age-related CS in separation have been consistently associated with a decreased amplitude of wave 1 of the auditory brainstem response, reduced middle ear muscle reflex strength, and degraded temporal processing as demonstrated by lower amplitudes of the envelope following response. In humans, the individual effects of noise exposure and aging do not seem to translate clearly into deficits in electrophysiological, middle ear muscle reflex, and behavioral measures of CS. Moreover, the evidence on the combined effects of noise exposure and aging on peripheral neural deafferentation in humans using electrophysiological and behavioral measures is even more sparse and inconclusive. Further research is necessary to establish the individual and combined effects of CS in humans using temporal bone, objective, and behavioral measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan M. Shehabi
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Audiology and Speech Therapy, Birzeit University, Birzeit, Palestine
| | - Garreth Prendergast
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Plack
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
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Kamerer AM, Harris SE, Kopun JG, Neely ST, Rasetshwane DM. Understanding Self-reported Hearing Disability in Adults With Normal Hearing. Ear Hear 2022; 43:773-784. [PMID: 34759207 PMCID: PMC9010339 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite a diagnosis of normal hearing, many people experience hearing disability (HD) in their everyday lives. This study assessed the ability of a number of demographic and auditory variables to explain and predict self-reported HD in people regarded as audiologically healthy via audiometric thresholds. DESIGN One-hundred eleven adults (ages 19 to 74) with clinically normal hearing (i.e., audiometric thresholds ≤25 dB HL at all octave and interoctave frequencies between 0.25 and 8 kHz and bilaterally symmetric hearing) were asked to complete the 12-item version of the Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ12) as a measure of self-reported HD. Patient history and a number of standard and expanded measures of hearing were assessed in a multivariate regression analysis to predict SSQ12 score. Patient history included age, sex, history of noise exposure, and tinnitus. Hearing-related measures included audiometry at standard and extended high frequencies, word recognition, otoacoustic emissions, auditory brainstem response, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and FM detection threshold. RESULTS History of impulse noise exposure, speech-intelligibility index, and FM detection threshold accurately predicted SSQ12 and were able to account for 40% of the SSQ12 score. These three measures were also able to predict whether participants self-reported HD with a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 86%. CONCLUSIONS Although participant audiometric thresholds were within normal limits, higher thresholds, history of impulse noise exposure, and FM detection predicted self-reported HD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Judy G. Kopun
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68131
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10
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Huang H, Chen YF, Hsu CY, Cheng YF, Yang TH. Evaluating auditory brainstem response to a level-dependent chirp designed based on derived-band latencies. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 151:2688. [PMID: 35461519 DOI: 10.1121/10.0010239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The best cochlear-neural delay model for designing a chirp that can produce the largest auditory brainstem response (ABR) has not been established. This study comprised two experiments. Experiment I aimed to estimate the delay model by measuring derived-band ABR latencies at different levels. The results demonstrated that, as the level decreased, the delay between the center frequencies of 0.7 and 5.7 kHz increased. The aim of experiment II was to compare ABRs generated by three stimuli: (1) a level-dependent derived-band (DB)-Chirp, designed based on the model in experiment I; (2) a level-dependent level specific (LS)-Chirp from Kristensen and Elberling [(2012). J. Am. Acad. Audiol. 23, 712-721]; and (3) a click. The results demonstrated that the DB-Chirp produced significantly larger wave V than the LS-Chirp at 45 dB normal hearing level (nHL); however, no differences were observed at other levels. The wave I generated by the DB-Chirp and LS-Chirp were significantly larger than those evoked by the click at 45 and 60 dB nHL and at 30 and 45 dB nHL, respectively; however, at all levels, no differences between these two chirps were observed. The DB-Chirp may be a valuable stimulus for producing ABRs for clinical applications such as assessing cochlear synaptopathy and estimating hearing sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan Huang
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, No. 365, Mingde Road, Beitou District, Taipei City 112303, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fu Chen
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, No. 365, Mingde Road, Beitou District, Taipei City 112303, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yeh Hsu
- Department of Information Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, No. 365, Mingde Road, Beitou District, Taipei City 112303, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Fu Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sector 2, Shipai Road, Beitou District, Taipei City 112201, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Hann Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei City Hospital, No. 145, Zhengzhou Road, Datong District, Taipei City 103212, Taiwan
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11
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Sadler CM, Peters KJ, Santangelo CM, Maslovat D, Carlsen AN. Retrospective composite analysis of StartReact data indicates sex differences in simple reaction time are not attributable to response preparation. Behav Brain Res 2022; 426:113839. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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12
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Deng Z, Fuller-Thomson E. Temporal trends (2008–2017) in serious hearing loss: Findings from a nationally representative sample of older Americans. AGING AND HEALTH RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ahr.2021.100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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13
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Carcagno S, Plack CJ. Relations between speech-reception, psychophysical temporal processing, and subcortical electrophysiological measures of auditory function in humans. Hear Res 2022; 417:108456. [PMID: 35149333 PMCID: PMC8935383 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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14
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Krizman J, Rotondo EK, Nicol T, Kraus N, Bieszczad KM. Sex differences in auditory processing vary across estrous cycle. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22898. [PMID: 34819558 PMCID: PMC8613396 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02272-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, females process a sound's harmonics more robustly than males. As estrogen regulates auditory plasticity in a sex-specific manner in seasonally breeding animals, estrogen signaling is one hypothesized mechanism for this difference in humans. To investigate whether sex differences in harmonic encoding vary similarly across the reproductive cycle of mammals, we recorded frequency-following responses (FFRs) to a complex sound in male and female rats. Female FFRs were collected during both low and high levels of circulating estrogen during the estrous cycle. Overall, female rodents had larger harmonic encoding than male rodents, and greater harmonic strength was seen during periods of greater estrogen production in the females. These results argue that hormonal differences, specifically estrogen, underlie sex differences in harmonic encoding in rodents and suggest that a similar mechanism may underlie differences seen in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Krizman
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Elena K Rotondo
- Department of Psychology-Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Trent Nicol
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Nina Kraus
- Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Kasia M Bieszczad
- Department of Psychology-Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
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Partyka M, Neff P, Bacri T, Michels J, Weisz N, Schlee W. Gender differentiates effects of acoustic stimulation in patients with tinnitus. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2021; 263:25-57. [PMID: 34243890 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gender constitutes a major factor to consider when tailoring subtype-based therapies for tinnitus. Previous reports showed important differences between men and women concerning basic perceptual tinnitus characteristics (i.e., laterality, frequency, tinnitus loudness) as well as psychological reactions linked to this condition. Therapeutic approaches based on acoustic stimulation involve processes beyond a pure masking effect and consist of sound presentation temporarily altering or alleviating tinnitus perception via residual and/or lateral inhibition mechanisms. Presented stimuli may include pure tones, noise, and music adjusted to or modulated to filter out tinnitus pitch and therefore trigger reparative functional and structural changes in the auditory system. Furthermore, recent findings suggest that in tonal tinnitus, the presentation of pitch-adjusted sounds which were altered by a 10Hz modulation of amplitude was more efficient than unmodulated stimulation. In this paper, we investigate sex differences in the outcome of different variants of acoustic stimulation, looking for factors revealing predictive value in the efficiency of tinnitus relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Partyka
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Patrick Neff
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Timothée Bacri
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jakob Michels
- Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nathan Weisz
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Winfried Schlee
- Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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McFadden D, Champlin CA, Pho MH, Pasanen EG, Maloney MM, Leshikar EM. Auditory evoked potentials: Differences by sex, race, and menstrual cycle and correlations with common psychoacoustical tasks. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251363. [PMID: 33979393 PMCID: PMC8115856 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) and auditory middle-latency responses (AMLRs) to a click stimulus were measured in about 100 subjects. Of interest were the sex differences in those auditory evoked potentials (AEPs), the correlations between the various AEP measures, and the correlations between the AEP measures and measures of otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) and behavioral performance also measured on the same subjects. Also of interest was how the menstrual cycle affected the various AEP measures. Most ABR measures and several AMLR measures exhibited sex differences, and many of the former were substantial. The sex differences tended to be larger for latency than for amplitude of the waves, and they tended to be larger for a weak click stimulus than for a strong click. The largest sex difference was for Wave-V latency (effect size ~1.2). When subjects were dichotomized into Non-Whites and Whites, the race differences in AEPs were small within sex. However, sex and race interacted so that the sex differences often were larger for the White subjects than for the Non-White subjects, particularly for the latency measures. Contrary to the literature, no AEP measures differed markedly across the menstrual cycle. Correlations between various AEP measures, and between AEP and OAE measures, were small and showed no consistent patterns across sex or race categories. Performance on seven common psychoacoustical tasks was only weakly correlated with individual AEP measures (just as was true for the OAEs also measured on these subjects). AMLR Wave Pa unexpectedly did not show the decrease in latency and increase in amplitude typically observed for AEPs when click level was varied from 40 to 70 dB nHL (normal Hearing Level). For the majority of the measures, the variability of the distribution of scores was greater for the males than for the females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis McFadden
- Department of Psychology, Center for Perceptual Systems, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Craig A. Champlin
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Michelle H. Pho
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Edward G. Pasanen
- Department of Psychology, Center for Perceptual Systems, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mindy M. Maloney
- Department of Psychology, Center for Perceptual Systems, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Erin M. Leshikar
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, United States of America
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17
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McClaskey CM, Panganiban CH, Noble KV, Dias JW, Lang H, Harris KC. A multi-metric approach to characterizing mouse peripheral auditory nerve function using the auditory brainstem response. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 346:108937. [PMID: 32910925 PMCID: PMC7957964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The auditory brainstem response (ABR), specifically wave I, is widely used to noninvasively measure auditory nerve (AN) function. Recent work in humans has introduced novel electrocochleographic measures to comprehensively characterize AN function that emphasize suprathreshold processing and estimate neural synchrony. NEW METHOD This study establishes new tools for evaluating AN function in vivo in adult mice using tone-evoked ABRs obtained from young-adult CBA/CaJ mice, adapting the approach previously introduced in humans. Six metrics are obtained from ABR wave I at suprathreshold stimulus levels. RESULTS Change-point analyses show that the metrics' rate of change with stimulus level differs between moderate and high suprathreshold levels, suggesting that this approach can potentially characterize the presence of heterogeneous AN fiber types. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Traditional ABR approaches focus on response thresholds and averaged amplitudes/latencies. In contrast, our multi-metric approach, which uses single-trial data and suprathreshold stimuli, provides novel information and identifies evidence of neural synchrony deficits and changes in the heterogeneity of AN fibers underlying AN behavior. CONCLUSION The techniques reported here provide a novel tool to assess changes in AN function in vivo in a commonly used animal model. A benchmark of most current hearing research is the transition from animal to human studies. Here we established a translational objective approach, applying methods that were first developed in humans to animals. This approach enables researchers to identify changes in AN function arising from the animal models with well-characterized pathology, and predict similar pathological changes in human AN dysfunction and hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M McClaskey
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 135 Rutledge Ave, MSC 550, Charleston, SC, 29425, United States.
| | - Clarisse H Panganiban
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, MSC 908, Charleston, SC, 29425, United States.
| | - Kenyaria V Noble
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, MSC 908, Charleston, SC, 29425, United States.
| | - James W Dias
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 135 Rutledge Ave, MSC 550, Charleston, SC, 29425, United States.
| | - Hainan Lang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, MSC 908, Charleston, SC, 29425, United States.
| | - Kelly C Harris
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 135 Rutledge Ave, MSC 550, Charleston, SC, 29425, United States.
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18
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Within-Subject Comparisons of the Auditory Brainstem Response and Uncomfortable Loudness Levels in Ears With and Without Tinnitus in Unilateral Tinnitus Subjects With Normal Audiograms. Otol Neurotol 2020; 42:10-17. [PMID: 33177407 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000002867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether cochlear synaptopathy is a common pathophysiologic cause of tinnitus in individuals with normal audiograms. STUDY DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Tertiary referral center. METHODS We enrolled 27 subjects with unilateral tinnitus and normal symmetric hearing thresholds, and 27 age- and sex-matched control subjects with normal symmetric hearing thresholds. We measured 1) the amplitudes of waves I and V with 90 dB nHL click stimuli in quiet conditions; 2) the latency shift of wave V with 80 dB nHL click stimuli in background noise, varying from 40 dB HL to 70 dB HL; and 3) uncomfortable loudness levels (UCLs) at 500 Hz and 3000 Hz pure tones. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the wave V/I amplitude ratio or the latency shift in wave V with increasing noise levels among the tinnitus ears (TEs), nontinnitus ears (NTEs), and control ears. There were no significant differences in UCLs at 500 Hz or 3000 Hz between TEs and NTEs, but the UCLs were lower in TEs (mean 111.3 dB or 104.1 dB) and NTEs (mean 109.4 dB or 100.6 dB) than in control ears (mean 117.9 dB or 114.1 dB, p < 0.017). No subject met our criteria for cochlear synaptopathy or increased central gain in terms of all three parameters. CONCLUSION Based on these results for UCL, increased central gain is a major mechanism of tinnitus in humans with normal audiograms. However, this compensatory mechanism for reduced auditory input may originate from other pathophysiologic factors rather than from cochlear synaptopathy.
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Krumbholz K, Hardy AJ, de Boer J. Automated extraction of auditory brainstem response latencies and amplitudes by means of non-linear curve registration. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 196:105595. [PMID: 32563894 PMCID: PMC7607223 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Animal results have suggested that auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) to transient sounds presented at supra-threshold levels may be useful for measuring hearing damage that is hidden to current audiometric tests. Evaluating such ABRs requires extracting the latencies and amplitudes of relevant deflections, or "waves". Currently, this is mostly done by human observers manually picking the waves' peaks and troughs in each individual response - a process that is both time-consuming and requiring of expert experience. Here, we propose a highly automated procedure for extracting individual ABR wave latencies and amplitudes based on the well-established methodology of non-linear curve registration. METHODS First, the to-be-analysed individual ABRs are temporally aligned - either with one another or, if available, with a pre-existing template - by locally compressing or stretching their time axes with smooth and invertible time warping functions. Then, the individual latencies and amplitudes of relevant ABR waves are obtained by picking the latencies of the waves' peaks and troughs on the common (aligned) time axis and combining these with the individual aligned responses and inverse time warping functions. RESULTS Using an example ABR data set with a wide range of response latencies and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), we test different choices for fitting the time warping functions. We cross-validate the warping results using independent response replicates and compare automatically and manually extracted latencies and amplitudes for ABR waves I and V. Using a Bayesian approach, we show that, for the best registration condition, automatic and manual data were statistically similar. CONCLUSIONS Non-linear curve registration can be used to temporally align individual ABRs and extract their wave latencies and amplitudes in a way that closely matches results from manual picking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Krumbholz
- School of Medicine, Hearing Sciences Group, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | - Alexander James Hardy
- School of Medicine, Hearing Sciences Group, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom; School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica de Boer
- School of Medicine, Hearing Sciences Group, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
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20
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Abstract
The sprint start in athletics is strictly controlled to ensure the fairness of competition. World athletics (WA)-certified start information systems (SIS) record athletes' response times in competition to ensure that no athletes gain an unfair advantage by responding in < 100 ms after the start signal. This critical review examines the legitimacy of the 100 ms rule, the factors that affect response times and the technologies and rules that support the regulation of the start in competition. The review shows that several SIS use different technologies to deliver the start signal and record response time (RT). The lack of scientific evidence about the definition of the 100 ms false start threshold by the WA is criticized in the literature and the 100 ms rule is challenged. SIS technologies, expertise and sex appear to affect the RT detected in competition. A lack of standardization in event detection has led to validity and reliability problems in RT determination. The onset of the foot response on the blocks is currently used to assess RT in athletics via block-mounted sensors; however, research shows that the onset of arm force reaction is the first detectable biomechanical event in the start. Further research and development should consider whether the onset of arm force can be used to improve the false start detection in competition. Further research is also needed to develop a precise understanding of the event sequence and motor control of the start to improve the SIS technology and rigorously determine the minimum limit of RT in the sprint start.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Milloz
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Kevin Hayes
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Andrew J Harrison
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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21
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Carcagno S, Plack CJ. Effects of age on electrophysiological measures of cochlear synaptopathy in humans. Hear Res 2020; 396:108068. [PMID: 32979760 PMCID: PMC7593961 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.108068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Age-related cochlear synaptopathy (CS) has been shown to occur in rodents with minimal noise exposure, and has been hypothesized to play a crucial role in age-related hearing declines in humans. Because CS affects mainly low-spontaneous rate auditory nerve fibers, differential electrophysiological measures such as the ratio of the amplitude of wave I of the auditory brainstem response (ABR) at high to low click levels (WIH/WIL), and the difference between frequency following response (FFR) levels to shallow and deep amplitude modulated tones (FFRS-FFRD), have been proposed as CS markers. However, age-related audiometric threshold shifts, particularly prominent at high frequencies, may confound the interpretation of these measures in cross-sectional studies of age-related CS. To address this issue, we measured WIH/WIL and FFRS-FFRD using highpass masking (HP) noise to eliminate the contribution of high-frequency cochlear regions to the responses in a cross-sectional sample of 102 subjects (34 young, 34 middle-aged, 34 older). WIH/WIL in the presence of the HP noise did not decrease as a function of age. However, in the absence of HP noise, WIH/WIL showed credible age-related decreases even after partialing out the effects of audiometric threshold shifts. No credible age-related decreases of FFRS-FFRD were found. Overall, the results do not provide evidence of age-related CS in the low-frequency region where the responses were restricted by the HP noise, but are consistent with the presence of age-related CS in higher frequency regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Carcagno
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YF, United Kingdom.
| | - Christopher J Plack
- Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YF, United Kingdom; Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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22
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Sex differences in subcortical auditory processing only partially explain higher prevalence of language disorders in males. Hear Res 2020; 398:108075. [PMID: 32977200 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.108075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Males and females differ in their subcortical evoked responses to sound. For many evoked response measures, the sex difference is driven by a faster developmental decline of auditory processing in males. Using the frequency-following response (FFR), an evoked potential that reflects predominately midbrain processing of stimulus features, sex differences were identified in the response to the temporal envelope of speech. The pattern of later and smaller responses in males versus females is consistent with two of the three response features that track with language development and reading abilities. Therefore, here we analyzed subcortical response consistency, the third distinguishing feature of language ability. Furthermore, though the envelope is primarily a low-frequency response, the greatest sex differences were observed in harmonics encoding. To better understand these sex differences, we extended these findings to the temporal fine structure response, which is biased to high-frequency information. Using the same 516 participants as previously reported (Krizman et al., 2019), we analyzed the effect of sex across development on response consistency and the encoding of temporal fine structure, as indexed by the subtracted frequency-following response. We found that while males and females did not differ on response consistency, there was an effect of age on this measure. Moreover, while males still showed a faster decline in harmonic encoding, the magnitude and breadth of the sex differences were smaller (accounting for 2% variance) in the temporal fine structure response compared to the envelope response. These results suggest that sex differences are distinct, at least in part, from the differences that underlie language abilities and that developmental sex differences reflect subcortical auditory processing differences of both the temporal envelope and fine structure of sounds.
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23
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Grant KJ, Mepani AM, Wu P, Hancock KE, de Gruttola V, Liberman MC, Maison SF. Electrophysiological markers of cochlear function correlate with hearing-in-noise performance among audiometrically normal subjects. J Neurophysiol 2020; 124:418-431. [PMID: 32639924 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00016.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss caused by noise exposure, ototoxic drugs, or aging results from the loss of sensory cells, as reflected in audiometric threshold elevation. Animal studies show that loss of hair cells can be preceded by loss of auditory-nerve peripheral synapses, which likely degrades auditory processing. While this condition, known as cochlear synaptopathy, can be diagnosed in mice by a reduction of suprathreshold cochlear neural responses, its diagnosis in humans remains challenging. To look for evidence of cochlear nerve damage in normal hearing subjects, we measured their word recognition performance in difficult listening environments and compared it to cochlear function as assessed by otoacoustic emissions and click-evoked electrocochleography. Several electrocochleographic markers were correlated with word scores, whereas distortion product otoacoustic emissions were not. Specifically, the summating potential (SP) was larger and the cochlear nerve action potential (AP) was smaller in those with the worst word scores. Adding a forward masker or increasing stimulus rate reduced SP in the worst performers, suggesting that this potential includes postsynaptic components as well as hair cell receptor potentials. Results suggests that some of the variance in word scores among listeners with normal audiometric threshold arises from cochlear neural damage.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Recent animal studies suggest that millions of people may be at risk of permanent impairment from cochlear synaptopathy, the age-related and noise-induced degeneration of neural connections in the inner ear that "hides" behind a normal audiogram. This study examines electrophysiological responses to clicks in a large cohort of subjects with normal hearing sensitivity. The resultant correlations with word recognition performance are consistent with an important contribution cochlear neural damage to deficits in hearing in noise abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsie J Grant
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anita M Mepani
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peizhe Wu
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kenneth E Hancock
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Victor de Gruttola
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - M Charles Liberman
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stéphane F Maison
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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24
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Kamerer AM, Kopun JG, Fultz SE, Allen C, Neely ST, Rasetshwane DM. Examining physiological and perceptual consequences of noise exposure. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 146:3947. [PMID: 31795718 PMCID: PMC6881192 DOI: 10.1121/1.5132291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The consequences of noise exposure on the auditory system are not entirely understood. In animals, noise exposure causes selective synaptopathy-an uncoupling of auditory nerve fibers from sensory cells-mostly in fibers that respond to high sound levels. Synaptopathy can be measured physiologically in animals, but a direct relationship between noise exposure and synaptopathy in humans has yet to be proven. Sources of variability, such as age, indirect measures of noise exposure, and comorbid auditory disorders, obfuscate attempts to find concrete relationships between noise exposure, synaptopathy, and perceptual consequences. This study adds to the ongoing effort by examining relationships between noise exposure, auditory brainstem response (ABR) amplitudes, and speech perception in adults of various ages and audiometric thresholds and a subset of younger adults with clinically normal hearing. Regression models including noise exposure, age, hearing thresholds, and sex as covariates were compared to find a best-fitting model of toneburst ABR wave I amplitude at two frequencies and word recognition performance in three listening conditions: background noise, time compression, and time compression with reverberation. The data suggest the possibility of detecting synaptopathy in younger adults using physiological measures, but that age and comorbid hearing disorders may hinder attempts to assess noise-induced synaptopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryn M Kamerer
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA
| | - Judy G Kopun
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA
| | - Sara E Fultz
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA
| | - Carissa Allen
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA
| | - Stephen T Neely
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA
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25
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Dewey RS, Francis ST, Guest H, Prendergast G, Millman RE, Plack CJ, Hall DA. The association between subcortical and cortical fMRI and lifetime noise exposure in listeners with normal hearing thresholds. Neuroimage 2019; 204:116239. [PMID: 31586673 PMCID: PMC6905154 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In animal models, exposure to high noise levels can cause permanent damage to hair-cell synapses (cochlear synaptopathy) for high-threshold auditory nerve fibers without affecting sensitivity to quiet sounds. This has been confirmed in several mammalian species, but the hypothesis that lifetime noise exposure affects auditory function in humans with normal audiometric thresholds remains unconfirmed and current evidence from human electrophysiology is contradictory. Here we report the auditory brainstem response (ABR), and both transient (stimulus onset and offset) and sustained functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) responses throughout the human central auditory pathway across lifetime noise exposure. Healthy young individuals aged 25-40 years were recruited into high (n = 32) and low (n = 30) lifetime noise exposure groups, stratified for age, and balanced for audiometric threshold up to 16 kHz fMRI demonstrated robust broadband noise-related activity throughout the auditory pathway (cochlear nucleus, superior olivary complex, nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, inferior colliculus, medial geniculate body and auditory cortex). fMRI responses in the auditory pathway to broadband noise onset were significantly enhanced in the high noise exposure group relative to the low exposure group, differences in sustained fMRI responses did not reach significance, and no significant group differences were found in the click-evoked ABR. Exploratory analyses found no significant relationships between the neural responses and self-reported tinnitus or reduced sound-level tolerance (symptoms associated with synaptopathy). In summary, although a small effect, these fMRI results suggest that lifetime noise exposure may be associated with central hyperactivity in young adults with normal hearing thresholds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Dewey
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, NG1 5DU, UK; Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Susan T Francis
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Hannah Guest
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness (ManCAD), University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Garreth Prendergast
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness (ManCAD), University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Rebecca E Millman
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness (ManCAD), University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, M13 9PL, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK.
| | - Christopher J Plack
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness (ManCAD), University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, M13 9PL, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK; Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, LA1 4YF, UK.
| | - Deborah A Hall
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, NG1 5DU, UK; Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK; University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semeniyh, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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26
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McGee J, Nelson PB, Ponder JB, Marr J, Redig P, Walsh EJ. Auditory performance in bald eagles and red-tailed hawks: a comparative study of hearing in diurnal raptors. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2019; 205:793-811. [PMID: 31520117 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-019-01367-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Collision with wind turbines is a conservation concern for eagles with population abundance implications. The development of acoustic alerting technologies to deter eagles from entering hazardous air spaces is a potentially significant mitigation strategy to diminish associated morbidity and mortality risks. As a prelude to the engineering of deterrence technologies, auditory function was assessed in bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), as well as in red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis). Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) to a comprehensive battery of clicks and tone bursts varying in level and frequency were acquired to evaluate response thresholds, as well as suprathreshold response characteristics of wave I of the ABR, which represents the compound potential of the VIII cranial nerve. Sensitivity curves exhibited an asymmetric convex shape similar to those of other avian species, response latencies decreased exponentially with increasing stimulus level and response amplitudes grew with level in an orderly manner. Both species were responsive to a frequency band at least four octaves wide, with a most sensitive frequency of 2 kHz, and a high-frequency limit of approximately 5.7 kHz in bald eagles and 8 kHz in red-tailed hawks. Findings reported here provide a framework within which acoustic alerting signals might be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- JoAnn McGee
- Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences and the Center for Applied and Translational Sensory Science, University of Minnesota, 164 Pillsbury Dr. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Peggy B Nelson
- Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences and the Center for Applied and Translational Sensory Science, University of Minnesota, 164 Pillsbury Dr. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Julia B Ponder
- The Raptor Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Jeffrey Marr
- St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - Patrick Redig
- The Raptor Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Edward J Walsh
- Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences and the Center for Applied and Translational Sensory Science, University of Minnesota, 164 Pillsbury Dr. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
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Krizman J, Bonacina S, Kraus N. Sex differences in subcortical auditory processing emerge across development. Hear Res 2019; 380:166-174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Baykara S, Alban K. Visual and Auditory Reaction Times of Patients with Opioid Use Disorder. Psychiatry Investig 2019; 16:602-606. [PMID: 31389224 PMCID: PMC6710415 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2019.05.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reaction time is defined as the time from the start of a stimulus to the start of the voluntary movement. Time plays an important role in undertaking daily living activities. Reaction time is an important factor in respect of both quality of life and of capabilities demonstrated in the work environment. Alcohol and some addictive substances have effect on RT. The aim of this study was to compare the visual and auditory reaction times of patients with opioid use disorder with healthy control subjects. METHODS The study was applied to two groups as the opioid use disorder group and the control group. A Sociodemographic and Clinical Data Form was prepared for each patient including age, gender, marital status and education level. Using a computer program the response to visual screen color change (red/blue) and to an auditory 'beep' sound of the computer system were recorded. The Student's t-test was applied as a statistical method. RESULTS The results showed longer reaction times in the patients with opioid use disorder. CONCLUSION To add improving reaction time approaches in opioid use disorder treatment may contribute to treatment by increasing quality of life and work performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Baykara
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University, Elaziğ, Turkey
| | - Kübra Alban
- Elazig Mental Health Hospital, Elaziğ, Turkey
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Lauer AM, Schrode KM. Sex bias in basic and preclinical noise-induced hearing loss research. Noise Health 2019; 19:207-212. [PMID: 28937014 PMCID: PMC5644379 DOI: 10.4103/nah.nah_12_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Sex differences in brain biochemistry, physiology, structure, and function have been gaining increasing attention in the scientific community. Males and females can have different responses to medications, diseases, and environmental variables. A small number of the approximately 7500 studies of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) have identified sex differences, but the mechanisms and characterization of these differences have not been thoroughly studied. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) issued a mandate in 2015 to include sex as a biological variable in all NIH-funded research beginning in January 2016. Materials and Methods: In the present study, the representation of sex as a biological variable in preclinical and basic studies of NIHL was quantified for a 5-year period from January 2011 to December 2015 prior to the implementation of the NIH mandate. Results: The analysis of 210 basic and preclinical studies showed that when sex is specified, experiments are predominantly performed on male animals. Discussion: This bias is present in studies completed in the United States and foreign institutions, and the proportion of studies using only male participants has actually increased over the 5-year period examined. Conclusion: These results underscore the need to invest resources in studying NIHL in both sexes to better understand how sex shapes the outcomes and to optimize treatment and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Marie Lauer
- Department of Otolaryngology-HNS and Center for Hearing and Balance, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Katrina Marie Schrode
- Department of Otolaryngology-HNS and Center for Hearing and Balance, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Zakaria MN, Wahab NAA, Maamor N, Jalaei B, Dzulkarnain AAA. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) findings in males and females with comparable head sizes at supra-threshold and threshold levels. NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND BRAIN RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.npbr.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Are there sex effects for speech intelligibility in American English? Examining the influence of talker, listener, and methodology. Atten Percept Psychophys 2019; 81:558-570. [PMID: 30506326 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-018-1635-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Talker and listener sex in speech processing has been largely unknown and under-appreciated to this point, with many studies overlooking the possible influences. In the current study, the effects of both talker and listener sex on speech intelligibility were assessed. Different methodological approaches to measuring intelligibility (percent words correct vs. subjective rating scales) and collecting data (laboratory vs. crowdsourcing) were also evaluated. Findings revealed that, regardless of methodology, the spoken productions of female talkers were overall more intelligible than the spoken productions of male talkers; however, substantial variability across talkers was observed. Findings also revealed that when data were collected in the lab, there was an interaction between talker and listener sex. This interaction between listener and talker sex was not observed when subjective ratings were crowdsourced from listener subjects across the USA via Amazon Mechanical Turk, although overall ratings remained similar. This possibly suggests that subjective intelligibility ratings may be vulnerable to bias, and such biases may be reduced by recruiting a more heterogeneous subject pool. Many studies in speech perception do not account for these talker, listener, and methodology effects. However, the present results suggest that researchers should carefully consider these effects when assessing speech intelligibility in different conditions, and when comparing findings across studies that have used different subject demographics and/or methodologies.
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Bharadwaj HM, Mai AR, Simpson JM, Choi I, Heinz MG, Shinn-Cunningham BG. Non-Invasive Assays of Cochlear Synaptopathy - Candidates and Considerations. Neuroscience 2019; 407:53-66. [PMID: 30853540 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Studies in multiple species, including in post-mortem human tissue, have shown that normal aging and/or acoustic overexposure can lead to a significant loss of afferent synapses innervating the cochlea. Hypothetically, this cochlear synaptopathy can lead to perceptual deficits in challenging environments and can contribute to central neural effects such as tinnitus. However, because cochlear synaptopathy can occur without any measurable changes in audiometric thresholds, synaptopathy can remain hidden from standard clinical diagnostics. To understand the perceptual sequelae of synaptopathy and to evaluate the efficacy of emerging therapies, sensitive and specific non-invasive measures at the individual patient level need to be established. Pioneering experiments in specific mice strains have helped identify many candidate assays. These include auditory brainstem responses, the middle-ear muscle reflex, envelope-following responses, and extended high-frequency audiograms. Unfortunately, because these non-invasive measures can be also affected by extraneous factors other than synaptopathy, their application and interpretation in humans is not straightforward. Here, we systematically examine six extraneous factors through a series of interrelated human experiments aimed at understanding their effects. Using strategies that may help mitigate the effects of such extraneous factors, we then show that these suprathreshold physiological assays exhibit across-individual correlations with each other indicative of contributions from a common physiological source consistent with cochlear synaptopathy. Finally, we discuss the application of these assays to two key outstanding questions, and discuss some barriers that still remain. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Hearing Loss, Tinnitus, Hyperacusis, Central Gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari M Bharadwaj
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
| | - Alexandra R Mai
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Jennifer M Simpson
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Inyong Choi
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Michael G Heinz
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
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Brandt C, Brande-Lavridsen N, Christensen-Dalsgaard J. The Masked ABR (mABR): a New Measurement Method for the Auditory Brainstem Response. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2018; 19:753-761. [PMID: 30238407 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-018-00696-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The auditory brainstem response (ABR) is relatively non-invasive, and in many species, the only practical way to assess auditory sensitivity. The two main methods for measuring ABR are using either transients or tone bursts as a stimulus. The transient stimulus produces strong neural responses that contain no frequency information. In contrast, tone bursts stimulate only a small part of the auditory system, eliciting weaker neural responses but supplying frequency information. Furthermore, short tone bursts become less and less frequency specific with increasing stimulus wavelength, making them unsuitable for testing low-frequency hearing. Here, we develop a method that can measure sensitivity to both low and high-frequency stimuli. The method is based on masking of a transient response by long-duration sinusoids. The measurement system is developed as a highly portable system that runs on battery power. It has been used in a variety of animals in our lab and in the field, including squid (Mooney et al. in J Exp Biol 213: 3748-3759, 2010), lungfish (Christensen-Dalsgaard et al. in J Neurophys 105: 1992-2004, 2011b), alligators (Bierman et al. in J Exp Biol 217: 1094-1107, 2014), and mink (Brandt et al. in J Exp Biol 216: 3542-3550, 2013). Here, we present data recorded from Tokay geckos and compare the results with tone burst ABR measurements. This method produces results comparable to tone burst stimulations at higher frequencies (above 1 kHz) but has several advantages: it is relatively insensitive to fluctuations in neural signal level, it allows measurements at very low frequencies, it allows constant monitoring of the state of the animal, and can be used to measure directional hearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Brandt
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark.
- Institute of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark.
| | - Nanna Brande-Lavridsen
- Institute of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark
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On the apparent decrease in Olympic sprinter reaction times. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198633. [PMID: 29949576 PMCID: PMC6021049 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Reaction times of Olympic sprinters provide insights into the most rapid of human response times. To determine whether minimum reaction times have changed as athlete training has become ever more specialized, we analyzed the results from the Olympic Games between 2004 and 2016. The results for the 100 m and 110 m hurdle events show that minimum reaction times have systematically decreased between 2004 and 2016 for both sexes, with women showing a marked decrease since 2008 that eliminated the sex difference in 2012. Because overall race times have not systematically decreased between 2004 and 2016, the most likely explanation for the apparent decrease in reaction times is a reduction in the proprietary force thresholds used to calculate the reaction times based on force sensors in starting blocks—and not the result of more specialized or effective training.
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Evidence of noise-induced subclinical hearing loss using auditory brainstem responses and objective measures of noise exposure in humans. Hear Res 2018; 361:80-91. [PMID: 29370962 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to loud sound places the auditory system at considerable risk, especially when the exposure is routine. The current study examined the impact of routine auditory overexposure in young human adults with clinically-normal audiometric thresholds by measuring the auditory brainstem response (ABR), an electrophysiological measure of peripheral and central auditory processing. Sound exposure was measured objectively with body-worn noise dosimeters over a week. Participants were divided into low-exposure and high-exposure groups, with the low-exposure group having an average daily noise exposure dose of ∼11% of the recommended exposure limit compared to the high-exposure group average of nearly 500%. Compared to the low-exposure group, the high-exposure group had delayed ABRs to suprathreshold click stimuli and this prolongation was evident at ABR waves I and III but strongest for V. When peripheral differences were corrected using the I-V interpeak latency, the high-exposure group showed greater taxation at faster stimulus presentation rates than the low-exposure group, suggestive of neural conduction inefficiencies within central auditory structures. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that auditory overexposure affects peripheral and central auditory structures even before changes are evident on standard audiometry. We discuss our findings within the context of the larger debate on the mechanisms and manifestations of subclinical hearing loss.
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Shim HJ, An YH, Kim DH, Yoon JE, Yoon JH. Comparisons of auditory brainstem response and sound level tolerance in tinnitus ears and non-tinnitus ears in unilateral tinnitus patients with normal audiograms. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189157. [PMID: 29253030 PMCID: PMC5734686 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Recently, “hidden hearing loss” with cochlear synaptopathy has been suggested as a potential pathophysiology of tinnitus in individuals with a normal hearing threshold. Several studies have demonstrated that subjects with tinnitus and normal audiograms show significantly reduced auditory brainstem response (ABR) wave I amplitudes compared with control subjects, but normal wave V amplitudes, suggesting increased central auditory gain. We aimed to reconfirm the “hidden hearing loss” theory through a within-subject comparison of wave I and wave V amplitudes and uncomfortable loudness level (UCL), which might be decreased with increased central gain, in tinnitus ears (TEs) and non-tinnitus ears (NTEs). Subjects and methods Human subjects included 43 unilateral tinnitus patients (19 males, 24 females) with normal and symmetric hearing thresholds and 18 control subjects with normal audiograms. The amplitudes of wave I and V from the peak to the following trough were measured twice at 90 dB nHL and we separately assessed UCLs at 500 Hz and 3000 Hz pure tones in each TE and NTE. Results The within-subject comparison between TEs and NTEs showed no significant differences in wave I and wave V amplitude, or wave V/I ratio in both the male and female groups. Individual data revealed increased V/I amplitude ratios > mean + 2 SD in 3 TEs, but not in any control ears. We found no significant differences in UCL at 500 Hz or 3000 Hz between the TEs and NTEs, but the UCLs of both TEs and NTEs were lower than those of the control ears. Conclusions Our ABR data do not represent meaningful evidence supporting the hypothesis of cochlear synaptopathy with increased central gain in tinnitus subjects with normal audiograms. However, reduced sound level tolerance in both TEs and NTEs might reflect increased central gain consequent on hidden synaptopathy that was subsequently balanced between the ears by lateral olivocochlear efferents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joon Shim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eulji University School of Medicine, Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Yong-Hwi An
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eulji University School of Medicine, Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eulji University School of Medicine, Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eulji University School of Medicine, Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyang Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eulji University School of Medicine, Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Noise History and Auditory Function in Young Adults With and Without Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Ear Hear 2017; 38:724-735. [DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000000457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Liu J, Wang D, Li X, Wang N. Association Between Sex and Speech Auditory Brainstem Responses in Adults, and Relationship to Sex Hormone Levels. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:2275-2283. [PMID: 28501877 PMCID: PMC5439379 DOI: 10.12659/msm.904651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the association between sex and speech-ABR in adults, and its relationship to sex hormone levels. MATERIAL AND METHODS Speech-ABR were elicited with the consonant-vowel syllable (/da/) in a total of 35 adults. Reproductive hormone levels were also measured. RESULTS The transient response of the speech-ABR (waves V, A, and O) in females show a shorter latency (waves V, A and O) and a larger amplitude (waves V and A) than in males (P<0.05), except for the amplitude of peak O (P>0.05). The sustained response of females exhibited a larger amplitude (wave F, P<0.05) and a shorter latency (wave D, E, and F, P<0.05) than in males, except for the amplitude of peak D and E (P>0.05). The latencies of speech-ABR were positively correlated with testosterone level (P<0.05), and were negatively correlated with estradiol (E2) levels (P<0.05), except for wave E (P>0.05). The E2 showed a positive correlation with the absolute value of amplitude of the speech-ABR (P < 0.05). On the contrary, total testosterone showed a negative correlation with the absolute value of amplitude the speech-ABR (P<0.05), except for wave D and wave O (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Sex differences in speech-ABR are significant in adults. The latencies and amplitude of the speech-ABR waves were correlated with the E2 concentration and testosterone level. The sex hormones likely affect speech encoding in the brainstem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Liu
- Corresponding Author: Jinfeng Liu, e-mail: or Ningyu Wang, e-mail:
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Hoben R, Easow G, Pevzner S, Parker MA. Outer Hair Cell and Auditory Nerve Function in Speech Recognition in Quiet and in Background Noise. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:157. [PMID: 28439223 PMCID: PMC5383716 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to describe the contribution of outer hair cells (OHCs) and the auditory nerve (AN) to speech understanding in quiet and in the presence of background noise. Fifty-three human subjects with hearing ranging from normal to moderate sensorineural hearing loss were assayed for both speech in quiet (Word Recognition) and speech in noise (QuickSIN test) performance. Their scores were correlated with OHC function as assessed via distortion product otoacoustic emissions, and AN function as measured by amplitude, latency, and threshold of the VIIIth cranial nerve Compound Action Potential (CAP) recorded during electrocochleography (ECochG). Speech and ECochG stimuli were presented at equivalent sensation levels in order to control for the degree of hearing sensitivity across patients. The results indicated that (1) OHC dysfunction was evident in the lower range of normal audiometric thresholds, which demonstrates that OHC damage can produce “Hidden Hearing Loss,” (2) AN dysfunction was evident beginning at mild levels of hearing loss, (3) when controlled for normal OHC function, persons exhibiting either high or low ECochG amplitudes exhibited no statistically significant differences in neither speech in quiet nor speech in noise performance, (4) speech in noise performance was correlated with OHC function, (5) hearing impaired subjects with OHC dysfunction exhibited better speech in quiet performance at or near threshold when stimuli were presented at equivalent sensation levels. These results show that OHC dysfunction contributes to hidden hearing loss, OHC function is required for optimum speech in noise performance, and those persons with sensorineural hearing loss exhibit better word discrimination in quiet at or near their audiometric thresholds than normal listeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Hoben
- Department of Otolaryngology, Steward St. Elizabeth's Medical CenterBoston, MA, USA
| | - Gifty Easow
- Department of Otolaryngology, Steward St. Elizabeth's Medical CenterBoston, MA, USA
| | - Sofia Pevzner
- Department of Otolaryngology, Steward St. Elizabeth's Medical CenterBoston, MA, USA
| | - Mark A Parker
- Department of Otolaryngology, Steward St. Elizabeth's Medical CenterBoston, MA, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tufts University School of MedicineBoston, MA, USA
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Smith SB, Lichtenhan JT, Cone BK. Contralateral Inhibition of Click- and Chirp-Evoked Human Compound Action Potentials. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:189. [PMID: 28420960 PMCID: PMC5378791 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cochlear outer hair cells (OHC) receive direct efferent feedback from the caudal auditory brainstem via the medial olivocochlear (MOC) bundle. This circuit provides the neural substrate for the MOC reflex, which inhibits cochlear amplifier gain and is believed to play a role in listening in noise and protection from acoustic overexposure. The human MOC reflex has been studied extensively using otoacoustic emissions (OAE) paradigms; however, these measurements are insensitive to subsequent "downstream" efferent effects on the neural ensembles that mediate hearing. In this experiment, click- and chirp-evoked auditory nerve compound action potential (CAP) amplitudes were measured electrocochleographically from the human eardrum without and with MOC reflex activation elicited by contralateral broadband noise. We hypothesized that the chirp would be a more optimal stimulus for measuring neural MOC effects because it synchronizes excitation along the entire length of the basilar membrane and thus evokes a more robust CAP than a click at low to moderate stimulus levels. Chirps produced larger CAPs than clicks at all stimulus intensities (50-80 dB ppeSPL). MOC reflex inhibition of CAPs was larger for chirps than clicks at low stimulus levels when quantified both in terms of amplitude reduction and effective attenuation. Effective attenuation was larger for chirp- and click-evoked CAPs than for click-evoked OAEs measured from the same subjects. Our results suggest that the chirp is an optimal stimulus for evoking CAPs at low stimulus intensities and for assessing MOC reflex effects on the auditory nerve. Further, our work supports previous findings that MOC reflex effects at the level of the auditory nerve are underestimated by measures of OAE inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer B. Smith
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of ArizonaTucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jeffery T. Lichtenhan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University School of MedicineSt. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Barbara K. Cone
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of ArizonaTucson, AZ, USA
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Jalaei B, Zakaria MN, Mohd Azmi MHA, Nik Othman NA, Sidek D. Gender Disparities in Speech-evoked Auditory Brainstem Response in Healthy Adults. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2017; 126:290-295. [PMID: 28177264 DOI: 10.1177/0003489417690169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gender disparities in speech-evoked auditory brainstem response (speech-ABR) outcomes have been reported, but the literature is limited. The present study was performed to further verify this issue and determine the influence of head size on speech-ABR results between genders. METHODS Twenty-nine healthy Malaysian subjects (14 males and 15 females) aged 19 to 30 years participated in this study. After measuring the head circumference, speech-ABR was recorded by using synthesized syllable /da/ from the right ear of each participant. Speech-ABR peaks amplitudes, peaks latencies, and composite onset measures were computed and analyzed. RESULTS Significant gender disparities were noted in the transient component but not in the sustained component of speech-ABR. Statistically higher V/A amplitudes and less steeper V/A slopes were found in females. These gender differences were partially affected after controlling for the head size. CONCLUSIONS Head size is not the main contributing factor for gender disparities in speech-ABR outcomes. Gender-specific normative data can be useful when recording speech-ABR for clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Jalaei
- 1 Department of Audiology, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohd Normani Zakaria
- 2 Audiology Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hafiz Afifi Mohd Azmi
- 2 Audiology Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nik Adilah Nik Othman
- 2 Audiology Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Dinsuhaimi Sidek
- 3 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Zakaria MN, Nik Othman NA, Musa Z. Electrocochleographic recording in Asian adults: Preliminary normative data and demographic analyses. J Otol 2017; 12:29-33. [PMID: 29937834 PMCID: PMC6011801 DOI: 10.1016/j.joto.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Electrocochleography (ECochG) is valuable to diagnose Meniere's disease objectively. The aim of the present study was to provide preliminary normative data for ECochG among Asian adults. The influences of ethnicity (Malay versus Chinese) and gender on ECochG results were also studied. METHODS Twenty-two Malay adults (10 men and 12 women) and twenty Chinese participants (10 men and 10 women) aged between 20 and 49 years participated in this study. Extratympanic ECochG (ET-ECochG) was recorded according to standard non-invasive procedure. Summating potential (SP) amplitude, action potential (AP) amplitude and SP/AP ratio were analyzed accordingly. RESULTS ET-ECochG results were found to be comparable between left and right ears (p > 0.05). No notable differences in ET-ECochG results were found between Malay and Chinese groups (p > 0.05). No significant influence of gender on ET-ECochG outcomes was also noted (p > 0.05). The derived normative data for Asian adults (84 ears) are consistent with previous reports. CONCLUSION The present study provides preliminary normative data for ET-ECochG among Asian adults. The ECochG components do not appear to be influenced by either ethnicity or gender. The derived normative data can be used for clinical applications and as the reference for future studies involving Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Normani Zakaria
- Audiology Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Corresponding author. Fax: +60 9 7677515.
| | - Nik Adilah Nik Othman
- Audiology Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zalilah Musa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ORL), School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Rhythm judgments reveal a frequency asymmetry in the perception and neural coding of sound synchrony. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:1201-1206. [PMID: 28096408 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1615669114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In modern Western music, melody is commonly conveyed by pitch changes in the highest-register voice, whereas meter or rhythm is often carried by instruments with lower pitches. An intriguing and recently suggested possibility is that the custom of assigning rhythmic functions to lower-pitch instruments may have emerged because of fundamental properties of the auditory system that result in superior time encoding for low pitches. Here we compare rhythm and synchrony perception between low- and high-frequency tones, using both behavioral and EEG techniques. Both methods were consistent in showing no superiority in time encoding for low over high frequencies. However, listeners were consistently more sensitive to timing differences between two nearly synchronous tones when the high-frequency tone followed the low-frequency tone than vice versa. The results demonstrate no superiority of low frequencies in timing judgments but reveal a robust asymmetry in the perception and neural coding of synchrony that reflects greater tolerance for delays of low- relative to high-frequency sounds than vice versa. We propose that this asymmetry exists to compensate for inherent and variable time delays in cochlear processing, as well as the acoustical properties of sound sources in the natural environment, thereby providing veridical perceptual experiences of simultaneity.
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Verhulst S, Jagadeesh A, Mauermann M, Ernst F. Individual Differences in Auditory Brainstem Response Wave Characteristics: Relations to Different Aspects of Peripheral Hearing Loss. Trends Hear 2016; 20:2331216516672186. [PMID: 27837052 PMCID: PMC5117250 DOI: 10.1177/2331216516672186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about how outer hair cell loss interacts with noise-induced and age-related auditory nerve degradation (i.e., cochlear synaptopathy) to affect auditory brainstem response (ABR) wave characteristics. Given that listeners with impaired audiograms likely suffer from mixtures of these hearing deficits and that ABR amplitudes have successfully been used to isolate synaptopathy in listeners with normal audiograms, an improved understanding of how different hearing pathologies affect the ABR source generators will improve their sensitivity in hearing diagnostics. We employed a functional model for human ABRs in which different combinations of hearing deficits were simulated and show that high-frequency cochlear gain loss steepens the slope of the ABR Wave-V latency versus intensity and amplitude versus intensity curves. We propose that grouping listeners according to a ratio of these slope metrics (i.e., the ABR growth ratio) might offer a way to factor out the outer hair cell loss deficit and maximally relate individual differences for constant ratios to other peripheral hearing deficits such as cochlear synaptopathy. We compared the model predictions to recorded click-ABRs from 30 participants with normal or high-frequency sloping audiograms and confirm the predicted relationship between the ABR latency growth curve and audiogram slope. Experimental ABR amplitude growth showed large individual differences and was compared with the Wave-I amplitude, Wave-V/I ratio, or the interwaveI-W latency in the same listeners. The model simulations along with the ABR recordings suggest that a hearing loss profile depicting the ABR growth ratio versus the Wave-I amplitude or Wave-V/I ratio might be able to differentiate outer hair cell deficits from cochlear synaptopathy in listeners with mixed pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Verhulst
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all and Medizinische Physik, Department of Medical Physics and Acoustics, Oldenburg University, Oldenburg, Germany
- Department of Information Technology, Ghent University, Technologiepark, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Anoop Jagadeesh
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all and Medizinische Physik, Department of Medical Physics and Acoustics, Oldenburg University, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Mauermann
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all and Medizinische Physik, Department of Medical Physics and Acoustics, Oldenburg University, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Frauke Ernst
- Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all and Medizinische Physik, Department of Medical Physics and Acoustics, Oldenburg University, Oldenburg, Germany
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Neonate Auditory Brainstem Responses to CE-Chirp and CE-Chirp Octave Band Stimuli II: Versus Adult Auditory Brainstem Responses. Ear Hear 2016; 37:724-743. [PMID: 27556524 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000000344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study was to examine the differences in auditory brainstem response (ABR) latency and amplitude indices to the CE-Chirp stimuli in neonates versus young adults as a function of stimulus level, rate, polarity, frequency and gender. DESIGN Participants were 168 healthy neonates and 20 normal-hearing young adults. ABRs were obtained to air- and bone-conducted CE-Chirps and air-conducted CE-Chirp octave band stimuli. The effects of stimulus level, rate, and polarity were examined with air-conducted CE-Chirps. The effect of stimulus level was also examined with bone-conducted CE-Chirps and CE-Chirp octave band stimuli. The effect of gender was examined across all stimulus manipulations. RESULTS In general, ABR wave V amplitudes were significantly larger (p < 0.0001) and latencies were significantly shorter (p < 0.0001) for adults versus neonates for all air-conducted CE-Chirp stimuli with all stimulus manipulations. For bone-conducted CE-Chirps, infants had significantly shorter wave V latencies than adults at 15 dB nHL and 45 dB nHL (p = 0.02). Adult wave V amplitude was significantly larger for bone-conducted CE-Chirps only at 30 dB nHL (p = 0.02). The effect of gender was not statistically significant across all measures (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Significant differences in ABR latencies and amplitudes exist between newborns and young adults using CE-Chirp stimuli. These differences are consistent with differences to traditional click and tone burst stimuli and reflect maturational differences as a function of age. These findings continue to emphasize the importance of interpreting ABR results using age-based normative data.
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Zakaria MN, Jalaei B, Aw CL, Sidek D. Are speech-evoked auditory brainstem response (speech-ABR) outcomes influenced by ethnicity? Neurol Sci 2016; 37:943-8. [PMID: 26921173 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-016-2522-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to its objective nature, auditory brainstem response (ABR) evoked by complex stimuli has been gaining attention lately. The present study aimed to compare the speech-evoked auditory brainstem response (speech-ABR) results between two ethnic groups: Malay and Chinese. In addition, it was also of interest to compare the speech-ABR outcomes obtained from the present study with the published Caucasian data. Thirty healthy male adults (15 Malay and 15 Chinese) were enrolled in this comparative study. Speech syllable/da/presented at 80 dBnHL was used to record speech-ABR waveforms from the right ear of each subject. Amplitudes and latencies of speech-ABR peaks (V, A, C, D, E, F and O), as well as composite onset measures (V/A duration, V/A amplitude and V/A slope) were computed and analyzed. When the two ethnic groups were compared, all speech-ABR results were not statistically different from each other (p > 0.05). When the data from the present study were compared with the published Caucasian data, most of the statistical analyses were significant (p < 0.05). That is, Asian subjects revealed significantly higher peak amplitudes, earlier peak latencies, higher V/A amplitudes and steeper V/A slopes than that of Caucasians. The speech-ABR results between Malay and Chinese were found to be essentially similar due to anatomical similarities. Nevertheless, specific normative data for Asian adults are required as their speech-ABR results are different from that of Caucasian males. This issue should be addressed before it can be applied holistically in multiracial countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Normani Zakaria
- Department of Audiology, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Bahram Jalaei
- Department of Audiology, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Cheu Lih Aw
- Department of Audiology, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Dinsuhaimi Sidek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Letter to the Editor: Examination of Potential Sex Influences in . Auditory Function in Normal-Hearing, Noise-Exposed Human Ears, Ear Hear, 36, 172-184. Ear Hear 2016; 36:738-40. [PMID: 26441036 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000000228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Lewis JD, Kopun J, Neely ST, Schmid KK, Gorga MP. Tone-burst auditory brainstem response wave V latencies in normal-hearing and hearing-impaired ears. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2015; 138:3210-3219. [PMID: 26627795 PMCID: PMC4662677 DOI: 10.1121/1.4935516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The metric used to equate stimulus level [sound pressure level (SPL) or sensation level (SL)] between ears with normal hearing (NH) and ears with hearing loss (HL) in comparisons of auditory function can influence interpretation of results. When stimulus level is equated in dB SL, higher SPLs are presented to ears with HL due to their reduced sensitivity. As a result, it may be difficult to determine if differences between ears with NH and ears with HL are due to cochlear pathology or level-dependent changes in cochlear mechanics. To the extent that level-dependent changes in cochlear mechanics contribute to auditory brainstem response latencies, comparisons between normal and pathologic ears may depend on the stimulus levels at which comparisons are made. To test this hypothesis, wave V latencies were measured in 16 NH ears and 15 ears with mild-to-moderate HL. When stimulus levels were equated in SL, latencies were shorter in HL ears. However, latencies were similar for NH and HL ears when stimulus levels were equated in SPL. These observations demonstrate that the effect of stimulus level on wave V latency is large relative to the effect of HL, at least in cases of mild-to-moderate HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Lewis
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, 555 North 30th Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA
| | - Judy Kopun
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, 555 North 30th Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA
| | - Stephen T Neely
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, 555 North 30th Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA
| | - Kendra K Schmid
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, 555 North 30th Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA
| | - Michael P Gorga
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, 555 North 30th Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA
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Ioannou CI, Pereda E, Lindsen JP, Bhattacharya J. Electrical Brain Responses to an Auditory Illusion and the Impact of Musical Expertise. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129486. [PMID: 26065708 PMCID: PMC4466486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The presentation of two sinusoidal tones, one to each ear, with a slight frequency mismatch yields an auditory illusion of a beating frequency equal to the frequency difference between the two tones; this is known as binaural beat (BB). The effect of brief BB stimulation on scalp EEG is not conclusively demonstrated. Further, no studies have examined the impact of musical training associated with BB stimulation, yet musicians' brains are often associated with enhanced auditory processing. In this study, we analysed EEG brain responses from two groups, musicians and non-musicians, when stimulated by short presentation (1 min) of binaural beats with beat frequency varying from 1 Hz to 48 Hz. We focused our analysis on alpha and gamma band EEG signals, and they were analysed in terms of spectral power, and functional connectivity as measured by two phase synchrony based measures, phase locking value and phase lag index. Finally, these measures were used to characterize the degree of centrality, segregation and integration of the functional brain network. We found that beat frequencies belonging to alpha band produced the most significant steady-state responses across groups. Further, processing of low frequency (delta, theta, alpha) binaural beats had significant impact on cortical network patterns in the alpha band oscillations. Altogether these results provide a neurophysiological account of cortical responses to BB stimulation at varying frequencies, and demonstrate a modulation of cortico-cortical connectivity in musicians' brains, and further suggest a kind of neuronal entrainment of a linear and nonlinear relationship to the beating frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos I Ioannou
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, United Kingdom; Institute of Music Physiology and Musicians' Medicine, Hannover University of Music, Drama and Media, Hanover, Germany
| | - Ernesto Pereda
- Electrical Engineering and Bioengineering Group, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Technology (CIBICAN), University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Job P Lindsen
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joydeep Bhattacharya
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Granberg S, Dahlström J, Möller C, Kähäri K, Danermark B. The ICF Core Sets for hearing loss – researcher perspective. Part I: Systematic review of outcome measures identified in audiological research. Int J Audiol 2013; 53:65-76. [DOI: 10.3109/14992027.2013.851799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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