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Rios M, Becker KM, Monteiro AS, Fonseca P, Pyne DB, Reis VM, Moreira-Gonçalves D, Fernandes RJ. Effect of the Fran CrossFit Workout on Oxygen Uptake Kinetics, Energetics, and Postexercise Muscle Function in Trained CrossFitters. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2024; 19:299-306. [PMID: 38194958 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2023-0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fran is one of the most popular CrossFit benchmark workouts used to control CrossFitters' improvements. Detailed physiological characterization of Fran is needed for a more specific evaluation of CrossFitters' training performance improvements. The aim of the study was to analyze the oxygen uptake (V˙O2) kinetics and characterize the energy system contributions and the degree of postexercise fatigue of the unbroken Fran. METHODS Twenty trained CrossFitters performed Fran at maximal exertion. V˙O2 and heart-rate kinetics were assessed at baseline and during and post-Fran. Blood lactate and glucose concentrations and muscular fatigue were measured at baseline and in the recovery period. RESULTS A marked increase in V˙O2 kinetics was observed at the beginning of Fran, remaining elevated until the end (V˙O2peak: 49.2 [3.7] mL·kg-1·min-1, V˙O2 amplitude: 35.8 [5.2] mL·kg-1·min-1, time delay: 4.7 [2.5] s and time constant: 23.7 [11.1] s; mean [SD]). Aerobic, anaerobic lactic, and alactic pathways accounted for 62% (4%), 26% (4%), and 12% (2%) of energy contribution. Reduction in muscle function in jumping ability (jump height: 8% [6%], peak force: 6% [4%], and maximum velocity: 4% [2%]) and plank prone test (46% [20%]) was observed in the recovery period. CONCLUSIONS The Fran unbroken workout is a high-intensity effort associated with an elevated metabolic response. This pattern of energy response highlights the primary contribution of aerobic energy metabolism, even during short and very intense CrossFit workouts, and that recovery can take >24 hours due to cumulative fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoel Rios
- Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Klaus Magno Becker
- Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Monteiro
- Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Fonseca
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - David B Pyne
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Victor Machado Reis
- Department of Sport Sciences, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Daniel Moreira-Gonçalves
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo J Fernandes
- Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Rios M, Becker KM, Cardoso F, Pyne DB, Reis VM, Moreira-Gonçalves D, Fernandes RJ. Assessment of Cardiorespiratory and Metabolic Contributions in an Extreme Intensity CrossFit ® Benchmark Workout. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:513. [PMID: 38257605 PMCID: PMC10819656 DOI: 10.3390/s24020513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Our purpose was to characterize the oxygen uptake kinetics (VO2), energy systems contributions and total energy expenditure during a CrossFit® benchmark workout performed in the extreme intensity domain. Fourteen highly trained male CrossFitters, aged 28.3 ± 5.4 years, with height 177.8 ± 9.4 cm, body mass 87.9 ± 10.5 kg and 5.6 ± 1.8 years of training experience, performed the Isabel workout at maximal exertion. Cardiorespiratory variables were measured at baseline, during exercise and the recovery period, with blood lactate and glucose concentrations, including the ratings of perceived exertion, measured pre- and post-workout. The Isabel workout was 117 ± 10 s in duration and the VO2 peak was 47.2 ± 4.7 mL·kg-1·min-1, the primary component amplitude was 42.0 ± 6.0 mL·kg-1·min-1, the time delay was 4.3 ± 2.2 s and the time constant was 14.2 ± 6.0 s. The accumulated VO2 (0.6 ± 0.1 vs. 4.8 ± 1.0 L·min-1) value post-workout increased substantially when compared to baseline. Oxidative phosphorylation (40%), glycolytic (45%) and phosphagen (15%) pathways contributed to the 245 ± 25 kJ total energy expenditure. Despite the short ~2 min duration of the Isabel workout, the oxygen-dependent and oxygen-independent metabolism energy contributions to the total metabolic energy release were similar. The CrossFit® Isabel requires maximal effort and the pattern of physiological demands identifies this as a highly intensive and effective workout for developing fitness and conditioning for sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoel Rios
- Center of Research, Education Innovation and Intervention in Sport and Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (K.M.B.); (F.C.); (R.J.F.)
| | - Klaus Magno Becker
- Center of Research, Education Innovation and Intervention in Sport and Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (K.M.B.); (F.C.); (R.J.F.)
| | - Filipa Cardoso
- Center of Research, Education Innovation and Intervention in Sport and Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (K.M.B.); (F.C.); (R.J.F.)
| | - David B. Pyne
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra 2617, Australia;
| | - Victor Machado Reis
- Department of Sport Sciences, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Daniel Moreira-Gonçalves
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-091 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo J. Fernandes
- Center of Research, Education Innovation and Intervention in Sport and Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (K.M.B.); (F.C.); (R.J.F.)
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