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Prawiradilaga RS, Bendtsen M, Esrup S, Jørgensen NR, Yulianto FA, Helge EW. Feasibility Study of Community-Based Training for Musculoskeletal Health Promotion. F1000Res 2024; 11:51. [PMID: 39263388 PMCID: PMC11387933 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.73698.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: To minimize fracture risk, multimodal training regimens are recommended. However, their effectiveness in community settings remains uncertain. This study evaluated the feasibility of 19-weeks of multimodal training in a local community center with emphasis on musculoskeletal health in postmenopausal women. Methods: In a controlled trial, 28 postmenopausal women (53-68-years-old) were assigned to a multimodal training group (MMT, n=15) or a control group (CON, n=13). The training consisted of high- and odd-impact, resistance and balance-coordination training 1-2 hours weekly. The outcomes were attendance rate, regional and total bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), bone turnover markers (BTM), body composition, functional muscle strength and power, and dynamic balance. All were determined at baseline and after 19 weeks of training. BTM was assessed after three weeks. Results: Overall, 22(79%) participants (MMT, n=9; CON, n=13) completed the study, and the mean attendance rate for MMT was 65.5% of the maximum sessions (2) offered. Only right trochanter BMD increased (p<0.05) by 1.0±1.1% in MMT, which was higher(p<0.05) than CON. While whole-body BMC was not changed at 19 weeks from baseline in MMT, it decreased (p<0.05) in CON resulting in a significant difference (p<0.05) in whole-body BMC delta values between the two groups. Compared to baseline, body fat percentage(%BF), fat mass(FM), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT)-mass and -volume were decreased (p<0.01) in MMT, and were larger (p<0.05) than CON. No significant changes were observed in BTM, muscle strength and power, and dynamic balance after 19 weeks. Conclusions: Nineteen weeks of multimodal training 1-2 hours per week in a local community had a health-enhancing effect on %BF, FM, and VAT, whereas the musculoskeletal health impact was modest. We hypothesize that the reason might be too low training volume and frequency and supposedly too low musculoskeletal training intensity for some participants. Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05164679 (21/12/2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizky Suganda Prawiradilaga
- Department of Biochemistry, Nutrition and Biomolecular. Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung, Bandung, Jawa Barat, 40116, Indonesia
| | - Magnus Bendtsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, 2200, Denmark
| | - Simon Esrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, 2200, Denmark
| | - Niklas Rye Jørgensen
- Odense Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN), Odense University Hospital/Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, 50000, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, 2600, Denmark
| | - Fajar Awalia Yulianto
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Bandung, Bandung, Jawa Barat, 40116, Indonesia
| | - Eva Wulff Helge
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, 2200, Denmark
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Walsh GS, Delextrat A, Bibbey A. The comparative effect of exercise interventions on balance in perimenopausal and early postmenopausal women: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised, controlled trials. Maturitas 2023; 175:107790. [PMID: 37343343 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2023.107790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
In addition to a range of physiological and psychological symptoms, menopause causes a decrement to balance performance and risk of falls. This review aimed to determine the effects of exercise interventions on balance in perimenopausal and early postmenopausal women. Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched. Randomised, controlled trials of exercise interventions in perimenopausal or early postmenopausal populations with an average age of 65 years or younger reporting balance measures were included. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane RoB 2. A random effects model network meta-analysis was performed to assess the effect of exercise on balance. Standardised mean differences with 95 % confidence intervals were used as the measure of effect. Twenty-six studies were included after screening. Network meta-analyses were conducted for 5 balance variables. Whole-body vibration (standardised mean difference: 2.25, confidence interval: 0.08; 4.43), balance (standardised mean difference: 1.84, confidence interval: 0.15; 3.53), balance + nutrition (standardised mean difference: 3.81, confidence interval: 1.57; 6.05) and resistance (standardised mean difference: 1.43, confidence interval: 0.41; 2.46) exercise improved Berg balance scale performance. Resistance + aerobic + balance exercise improved one-leg stance (standardised mean difference: 0.80, confidence interval: 0.39; 1.22) and whole-body vibration improved anterior-posterior (standardised mean difference: -0.89, confidence interval: -1.48; -0.31), medio-lateral (standardised mean difference: -0.58, confidence interval: -1.15; -0.01) postural sway and falls indices (standardised mean difference: -0.75, confidence interval: -1.45; -0.04). Exercise improved all balance measures and should be considered as an adjunct therapy in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Whole-body vibration was most frequently the highest ranked intervention; resistance and balance training also improved balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory S Walsh
- Department of Sport, Health Sciences and Social Work, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK.
| | - Anne Delextrat
- Department of Sport, Health Sciences and Social Work, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK.
| | - Adam Bibbey
- Department of Sport, Health Sciences and Social Work, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK.
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Kulkarni S, Nagarkar A. Effect of a video-assisted fall prevention program on fall incidence in community-dwelling older adults during COVID. Geriatr Nurs 2023; 50:31-37. [PMID: 36640516 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study evaluated the effectiveness of a video-assisted exercise intervention program on fall incidence, activities of daily living, and fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS A video-assisted 16-week exercise intervention consisting of stretching, strengthening, balance, and dual-task training was delivered to randomly selected 95 older adults with a high risk of falls. The fidelity of implementation was assessed for three areas; exercise program delivery, participant receipt, and enactment. RESULTS The fall incidence reduced significantly by 45% (IRR 0.55, (95% CI, 0.13-0.86) and difficulty in daily activities decreased (OR: 0.74, 95% CI, 0.16 - 0.96) among participants in the intervention group. Fear of falls did not show any significant difference in the groups at the 12-month follow-up. CONCLUSION The video-assisted exercise program was found to be effective in reducing fall incidence among older adults at a higher risk of falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal Kulkarni
- School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, India
| | - Aarti Nagarkar
- School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, India.
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Linhares DG, Borba-Pinheiro CJ, de Castro JBP, dos Santos AOB, dos Santos LL, Cordeiro LDS, Drigo AJ, Nunes RDAM, Vale RGDS. Effects of Multicomponent Exercise Training on the Health of Older Women with Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14195. [PMID: 36361073 PMCID: PMC9655411 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the effects of multicomponent exercise training in older women with osteoporosis. We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines and registered on PROSPERO (number CRD42022331137). We searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and CINHAL databases for randomized experimental trials that analyzed the effects of physical exercise on health-related variables in older women with osteoporosis. The risk of bias in the studies was verified using the Cochrane Collaboration tool and the Jadad scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. Fourteen randomized controlled trials were included, with a total of 544 participants in the experimental group and 495 in the control group. The mean age of all participants was 68.4 years. The studies combined two to four different exercise types, including strength, aerobic, balance, flexibility, and/or functional fitness training. The practice of multicomponent training with an average of 27.2 weeks, 2.6 sessions per week, and 45 min per session showed improvements in strength, flexibility, quality of life, bone mineral density, balance, and functional fitness and reduced the risk of falls in older women with osteoporosis. Multicomponent training was shown to be effective in improving health-related variables in older women with osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Gama Linhares
- Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Exercise and Sport, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Brandão Pinto de Castro
- Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Exercise and Sport, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil
| | - Andressa Oliveira Barros dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Exercise and Sport, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil
| | - Luciano Lima dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Exercise and Sport, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil
| | - Lilliany de Souza Cordeiro
- Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Exercise and Sport, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Janotta Drigo
- Stricto Sensu Post Graduate Program, São Paulo State University, São Paulo 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo de Alkmim Moreira Nunes
- Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Exercise and Sport, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Vale
- Postgraduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Exercise and Sport, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil
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Effects of a dynamic combined training on impulse response for middle-aged and elderly patients with osteoporosis and knee osteoarthritis: a randomized control trial. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:115-123. [PMID: 32100224 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01508-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic combined training is a crucial component in treating musculoskeletal conditions to increase muscle strength and improve functional ability. This randomized control trial aimed to examine the effect of dynamic combined training on muscle strength and contractile rate of force development (RFD) in patients with osteoporosis (OP) and knee osteoarthritis (KOA). 58 participants with OP or KOA were randomly assigned to a control group (CG) (CGOP, n = 12; CGKOA, n = 15) or training group (TG) (TGOP, n = 14; TGKOA, n = 17). The training group participated in a 12-week, three-days-per-week supervised program consisting of stretching and warm-up exercises (10 min), hydraulic resistance training (40 min), and cool-down and relaxation exercises (10 min). All participants were evaluated at baseline and post-training. The maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and contractile RFD at 0-200 ms increased significantly in middle-aged and older patients with OP. As for KOA, the dynamic combined training program was effective in improving the muscle strength. The maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and contractile RFD at 0-200 ms increased significantly (by 29.22%, P = .000 and 27.25%, P = .019, respectively) in middle-aged and older patients with OP. In the KOA group, MVC and contractile RFD improved but did not reach statistical significance. The dynamic combined training program is effective for health promotion in older adults with OP or KOA.
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FilipoviĆ TN, LazoviĆ MP, BackoviĆ AN, FilipoviĆ AN, IgnjatoviĆ AM, DimitrijeviĆ SS, GopČeviĆ KR. A 12-week exercise program improves functional status in postmenopausal osteoporotic women: randomized controlled study. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2020; 57:120-130. [PMID: 32902207 DOI: 10.23736/s1973-9087.20.06149-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beside the importance of implementing physical activity in treatment of patients with osteoporosis, the multicomponent exercise program and assessment of its functional outcomes performed by five performance-based measures, have not been explored yet. AIM The present study evaluated the effect of the 12 weeks exercise program on functional outcomes of postmenopausal patients with densitometric diagnosed osteoporosis. DESIGN The study was designed as randomized control study. SETTING Female outpatients with diagnosed postmenopausal osteoporosis were included in the study. POPULATION The study included women from urban area. METHODS Patients were randomized in two groups: exercise group (EG) and control group (CG). Patients in the exercise group (N.=47) participated in a 12 weeks exercise program, which consisted of resistance training, balance exercise and aerobic exercise, while patients from control group (N.=49) had not participated in any exercise program during the intervention period. Functional outcomes determined by Time Up and Go Test (TUG), Sit To Stand test (STS) and One Leg Stance Test (OLST) were evaluated at baseline and 4 and 12 weeks after treatment, while Fall Efficacy Scale (FES-I) and Knowledge About Osteoporosis Questionnaire (OKAT-S) were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks, respectively. RESULTS There were noticed statistically significant improvement in all observed measurements in EG after 4 and 12 weeks, respectively. Comparison between groups showed statistically significant difference in EG compared to CG in all functional outcomes in observed periods (P<0.001 for all). OLST significantly changed only in EG, not in CG, in both experimental periods. After 4 weeks, in CG there were no statistically significant changes in any of the monitored parameters, while after 12 weeks improvements were detected with TUG, STS, FES-I and OKAT-S. CONCLUSIONS Twelve weeks exercise program, as an effective, inexpensive and easily performed method, improved functional status in postmenopausal osteoporotic women. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT In the present study we found that supervised exercise program in postmenopausal osteoporotic female patients significantly improved their muscle strength and balance and decreased fear of falling. Thus, it is proposed to be a part of clinical protocol for osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara N FilipoviĆ
- Institute for Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia -
| | - Milica P LazoviĆ
- Institute for Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Aleksandar N FilipoviĆ
- Center for Radiology and MR, Clinical Center of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra M IgnjatoviĆ
- Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Sanja S DimitrijeviĆ
- School of Medicine, Special Hospital for Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Neurology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Kristina R GopČeviĆ
- Institute for Chemistry in Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Dunsky A. The Effect of Balance and Coordination Exercises on Quality of Life in Older Adults: A Mini-Review. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:318. [PMID: 31803048 PMCID: PMC6873344 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to control balance during activities of daily living (ADL) is impaired in older adults as a result of deterioration in the sensory systems (i.e., vestibular, visual, somatosensory), the cognitive system (central nervous system), and the musculoskeletal system. Consequently, many older adults face a risk of falling during their ADL. In most cases, falls and related injuries impair the quality of life and result in physical limitations, anxiety, loss of confidence, and fear of falling. Among a variety of fall prevention interventions, adapted physical activity programs have been suggested for improving balance control during ADL. These programs challenge the sensory, cognitive, and musculoskeletal systems while addressing balance constraints such as orientation in space, changes in direction, and the speed or height of the center of mass during static and dynamic situations resembling ADL. The above-mentioned elements can be dealt with through a combination of balance and coordination exercises that challenge the postural control systems in multiple dimensions—including vertical and horizontal changes of the center of mass, standing on unstable surfaces with a reduced base of support, and changing body directions. Consequently, such exercises require environmental information-processing. The combination of dual-task, function-oriented challenges while controlling balance stimulates the sensory and neuromuscular control mechanisms. Among older adults, these programs have been found to improve static and dynamic stability, as well as a number of aspects in the quality of life. Recently, they have also been found to improve cognitive functions such as memory and spatial cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet Dunsky
- School of Human Movement and Sport Sciences, The Academic College at Wingate, Wingate Institute, Netanya, Israel
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Ramos LAX, Rodrigues FTM, Shirahige L, de Fátima Alcântara Barros M, de Carvalho AGC, Guerino MR, de Lima Ferreira AP, Guerra RO, das Graças Rodrigues de Araújo M. A single whole body vibration session influences quadriceps muscle strength, functional mobility and balance of elderly with osteopenia and/or osteoporosis? Pragmatic clinical trial. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2019; 18:73-80. [PMID: 31275877 PMCID: PMC6582017 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00392-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study verify the immediate effect of whole body vibration (WBV) on quadriceps muscle strength, functional mobility and balance in elderly patients with Osteopenia and/or Osteoporosis. METHODS This was a randomized pragmatic clinical trial with 34 elderly (32 women) randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (EG; n = 17) who underwent low-frequency (16 Hz) WBV and the control group (CG; n = 17) who performed the walk. Outcome measures were: quadriceps muscle strength measured by a maximal repetition test (1RM); functional mobility assessed by the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and balance assessed by the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). RESULTS In within-group interaction, a significant increase was observed in quadriceps muscle strength (EG:p = 0.047) and balance (EG: p = 0,012; CG: p = 0,007). In between-groups interaction, a significant difference was not observed. There was an increase in the muscular strength of the EG and in the balance in both groups. CONCLUSION An WBV training session was able to alter the muscular strength of the LQ and the balance of the elderly with Osteopenia and/or Osteoporosis. It is suggested, however, that future studies involving larger sample number and/or populations should be developed to analyze the short-term effects of WBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luanda Alves Xavier Ramos
- Laboratório de Cinesioterapia e Recursos Terapêuticos Manuais (LACIRTEM), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE Brazil
| | - François Talles Medeiros Rodrigues
- Program in Physical Therapy, Laboratório de Cinesioterapia e Recursos Terapêuticos Manuais (LACIRTEM), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Lívia Shirahige
- Neuropsychiatry Program, Laboratório de Neurociência Aplicada (LANA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Maria de Fátima Alcântara Barros
- Department of Physiotherapy, Laboratório de Fisioterapia em Saúde Coletiva (LabFISC) do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Epidemiológicas em Fisioterapia e Saúde (NEPEFIS), Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB Brazil
| | - Antônio Geraldo Cidrão de Carvalho
- Department of Physiotherapy, Laboratório de Fisioterapia em Saúde Coletiva (LabFISC) do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Epidemiológicas em Fisioterapia e Saúde (NEPEFIS), Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB Brazil
| | - Marcelo Renato Guerino
- Department of Physiotherapy, Laboratório de Eletrotermofototerapia (LETER), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Lima Ferreira
- Department of Physiotherapy, Laboratório de Cinesioterapia e Recursos Terapêuticos Manuais (LACIRTEM), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Ricardo Oliveira Guerra
- Department of Physiotherapy, Grupo de Estudos em Epidemiologia e Fisioterapia Geriátrica (GEFEG), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças Rodrigues de Araújo
- Department of Physiotherapy, Laboratório de Cinesioterapia e Recursos Terapêuticos Manuais (LACIRTEM), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE Brazil
- Laboratório de Cinesioterapia e Recursos Terapêuticos Manuais (LACIRTEM). Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco CCS/UFPE, Av. Jornalista Aníbal Fernandes, S/N, CidadeUniversitária, Recife, PE 50740-560 Brazil
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Shake MC, Crandall KJ, Mathews RP, Falls DG, Dispennette AK. Efficacy of Bingocize®: A Game-Centered Mobile Application to Improve Physical and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults. Games Health J 2018; 7:253-261. [DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2017.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Shake
- Department of Psychological Sciences; Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky
| | - K. Jason Crandall
- School of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky
| | - Rilee P. Mathews
- Department of Psychological Sciences; Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky
| | - Dustin G. Falls
- School of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky
| | - A. Kathryn Dispennette
- School of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky
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Skelton DA, Mavroeidi A. Which strength and balance activities are safe and efficacious for individuals with specific challenges (osteoporosis, vertebral fractures, frailty, dementia)?: A Narrative review. J Frailty Sarcopenia Falls 2018; 3:85-104. [PMID: 32300697 PMCID: PMC7155323 DOI: 10.22540/jfsf-03-085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity guidelines advocate the inclusion of strength and balance activities, twice a week, for adults and older adults, but with caveat that in some individuals there will be certain movements and activities that could lead to adverse events. This scoping review summarizes the evidence about how safe and efficacious these activities are in older adults with specific challenges that might make them more prone to injury (e.g. having recently fractured or at risk of fracture (osteoporosis) or those who are frail or who have cognitive impairment). The review identified that for prevention of falls in people with a falls history and/or frailer older adults, structured exercise programmes that incorporate progressive resistance training (PRT) with increasing balance challenges over time are safe and effective if performed regularly, with supervision and support, over at least 6 months. Some minor adverse effects mainly transient musculoskeletal pain) have been reported. For those with a higher risk of falls and fractures (very poor balance, vertebral fractures), supervised structured exercise programmes are most appropriate. People with diagnosed osteoporosis should be as active as possible and only avoid activities with a high risk of falls if they are naïve to those activities. For those in transition to frailty who have poor strength and balance, exercises that are known to help maintain strength and balance (such as Tai Chi) are effective in preventing a decline in falls risk. For the very frail older adult, supervised structured exercise that has PRT, balance training and some endurance work, supervised and progressed by a trained person are advocated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn A. Skelton
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alexandra Mavroeidi
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
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