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Song BJ, Abdelmegeed MA, Cho YE, Akbar M, Rhim JS, Song MK, Hardwick JP. Contributing Roles of CYP2E1 and Other Cytochrome P450 Isoforms in Alcohol-Related Tissue Injury and Carcinogenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1164:73-87. [PMID: 31576541 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-22254-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to briefly summarize the roles of alcohol (ethanol) and related compounds in promoting cancer and inflammatory injury in many tissues. Long-term chronic heavy alcohol exposure is known to increase the chances of inflammation, oxidative DNA damage, and cancer development in many organs. The rates of alcohol-mediated organ damage and cancer risks are significantly elevated in the presence of co-morbidity factors such as poor nutrition, unhealthy diets, smoking, infection with bacteria or viruses, and exposure to pro-carcinogens. Chronic ingestion of alcohol and its metabolite acetaldehyde may initiate and/or promote the development of cancer in the liver, oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, prostate, and female breast. In this chapter, we summarize the important roles of ethanol/acetaldehyde in promoting inflammatory injury and carcinogenesis in several tissues. We also review the updated roles of the ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450-2E1 (CYP2E1) and other cytochrome P450 isozymes in the metabolism of various potentially toxic substrates, and consequent toxicities, including carcinogenesis in different tissues. We also briefly describe the potential implications of endogenous ethanol produced by gut bacteria, as frequently observed in the experimental models and patients of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, in promoting DNA mutation and cancer development in the liver and other tissues, including the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung-Joon Song
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Mohamed A Abdelmegeed
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Young-Eun Cho
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammed Akbar
- Division of Neuroscience and Behavior, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Johng S Rhim
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Min-Kyung Song
- Investigational Drug Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James P Hardwick
- Biochemistry and Molecular Pathology in the Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
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CUEVAS MARIAE, LINDEMAN TRACEYE. In vitro cytotoxicity of 4′-OH-tamoxifen and estradiol in human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells HEC-1A and HEC-1B. Oncol Rep 2014; 33:464-70. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Melo M, de Oliveira I, Grivicich I, Guecheva T, Saffi J, Henriques J, Rosa R. Diphenyl diselenide protects cultured MCF-7 cells against tamoxifen-induced oxidative DNA damage. Biomed Pharmacother 2013; 67:329-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2011.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Suzuki N, Liu X, Laxmi YRS, Okamoto K, Kim HJ, Zhang G, Chen JJ, Okamoto Y, Shibutani S. Anti-breast cancer potential of SS5020, a novel benzopyran antiestrogen. Int J Cancer 2011; 128:974-82. [PMID: 20824696 PMCID: PMC3011858 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Treatment with tamoxifen (TAM) increases the risk of developing endometrial cancer in women. The carcinogenic effect is thought to involve initiation and/or promotion resulting from DNA damage induced by TAM as well as its estrogenic action. To minimize this serious side-effect while increasing the anti-breast cancer potential, a new benzopyran antiestrogen, 2E-3-{4-[(7-hydroxy-2-oxo-3-phenyl-2H-chromen-4-yl)-methyl]-phenyl}-acrylic acid (SS5020), was synthesized. Unlike TAM, SS5020 exhibits no genotoxic activity to damage DNA. Furthermore, SS5020 does not present significant uterotrophic potential in rats; in contrast, the structurally related compounds, TAM, toremifene, raloxifene (RAL) and SP500263 all have uterotrophic activity. At the human equivalent molar dose of TAM (0.33 or 1.0 mg/kg), SS5020 had much stronger antitumor potential than those same antiestrogens against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary carcinoma in rats. The growth of human MCF-7 breast cancer xenograft implanted into athymic nude mice was also effectively suppressed by SS5020. SS5020, lacking genotoxic and estrogenic actions, could be a safer and stronger antiestrogen alternative to TAM and RAL for breast cancer therapy and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Suzuki
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8651
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8651
| | - Y. R. Santosh Laxmi
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8651
| | - Kanako Okamoto
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8651
| | - Hyo Jeong Kim
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8651
| | - Guangxiang Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8651
| | - John J. Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8651
| | - Yoshinori Okamoto
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8651
| | - Shinya Shibutani
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8651
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Laxmi YS, Liu X, Suzuki N, Kim SY, Okamoto K, Kim HJ, Zhang G, Chen JJ, Okamoto Y, Shibutani S. Anti-breast cancer potential of SS1020, a novel antiestrogen lacking estrogenic and genotoxic actions. Int J Cancer 2010; 127:1718-26. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Jatobá CAN, de Rezende AA, de Paiva Rodrigues SJ, de Almeida Câmara MM, das Graças Almeida M, Freire-Neto F, da Rocha LRM, da Medeiros AC, Brandão-Neto J, de Carvalho Formiga MC, de Azevedo IM, de Oliveira Ramos AM. Liver iron overload induced by tamoxifen in diabetic and non-diabetic female Wistar rats. Biometals 2007; 21:171-8. [PMID: 17636394 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-007-9105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2007] [Accepted: 06/25/2007] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Tamoxifen (TX), a drug used in the treatment of breast cancer, may cause hepatic changes in some patients. The consequences of its use on the liver tissues of rats with or without diabetes mellitus (DM) have not been fully explored. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between plasma hepatic enzyme levels and the presence of iron overload in the hepatic tissue of female Wistar rats with or without streptozotocin-induced DM and using TX. Female rats were studied in control groups: C-0 (non-drug users), C-V (sorbitol vehicle only) and C-TX (using TX). DM (diabetic non-drug users) and DM-TX (diabetics using TX) were the test groups. Sixty days after induced DM, blood samples were collected for glucose, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin measures. Hepatic fragments were processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, Perls. The hepatic iron content was quantified by atomic absorption spectrometry. AST, ALT and ALP levels were significantly elevated in the DM and DM-TX groups, with unchanged bilirubin levels. Liver iron overload using Perls stain and atomic absorption spectrometry were observed exclusively in groups C-TX and DM-TX. There was positive correlation between AST, ALT and ALP levels and microscopic hepatic siderosis intensity in group DM-TX. In conclusion, TX administration is associated with liver siderosis in diabetic and non-diabetic rats. In addition, TX induced liver iron overload with unaltered hepatic function in non-diabetic rats and may be a useful tool for investigating the biological control of iron metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos André Nunes Jatobá
- Postgraduate Course in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
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Kim SY, Suzuki N, Santosh Laxmi YR, Umemoto A, Matsuda T, Shibutani S. Antiestrogens and the formation of DNA damage in rats: a comparison. Chem Res Toxicol 2006; 19:852-8. [PMID: 16780365 PMCID: PMC2533849 DOI: 10.1021/tx060052n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tamoxifen (TAM) has been used as an agent for the treatment and prevention of breast cancer. However, long-term treatment of TAM in women increases the risk of developing endometrial cancer. The secondary cancer may be due to the genotoxicity of TAM. To find safer alternatives, four selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHTAM), toremifene (TOR), raloxifene (RAL), and ICI 182,780, were administered to rats with an equimolar dose of TAM [54 micromol/kg (20 mg/kg)/day, p.o. for 7 days]. To evaluate the genotoxicity of each SERM, the presence of bulky DNA adducts was determined by (32)P-postlabeling/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and (32)P-postlabeling/high-performance liquid chromatography. The formation of 7,8-dihydro-8-oxodeoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) was analyzed as a marker of typical oxidative damage, using liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Among the SERMs, bulky DNA adducts were detected in the livers of rats treated with TAM; the total amount of TAM-DNA adducts was 26.1 adducts/10(7) nucleotides. However, with a detection limit of approximately 2 adducts/10(9) nucleotides, no bulky DNA adducts were observed with 4-OHTAM, TOR, RAL, or ICI 182,780. In addition, no significant increase of hepatic 8-oxodG lesions was detected in rats treated with any of the antiestrogens. Therefore, TOR, RAL, and ICI 182,780 are likely to be less genotoxic than TAM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shinya Shibutani
- *To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: 631-444-7849/Fax: 631-444-3218., E-mail:
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